CN104525919A - Method for manufacturing steel ingots through ultra-supercritical steam turbine blade steel electro-slag remelting - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing steel ingots through ultra-supercritical steam turbine blade steel electro-slag remelting Download PDFInfo
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- CN104525919A CN104525919A CN201410741764.6A CN201410741764A CN104525919A CN 104525919 A CN104525919 A CN 104525919A CN 201410741764 A CN201410741764 A CN 201410741764A CN 104525919 A CN104525919 A CN 104525919A
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- slag
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- electroslag
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910017082 Fe-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910017133 Fe—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012840 feeding operation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910014458 Ca-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000592 Ferroniobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001145 Ferrotungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 108010038629 Molybdoferredoxin Proteins 0.000 description 5
- HBELESVMOSDEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Mo] Chemical compound [Fe].[Mo] HBELESVMOSDEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron niobium Chemical compound [Fe].[Fe].[Nb] ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
- B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould
- B22D23/10—Electroslag casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing steel ingots through ultra-supercritical steam turbine blade steel electro-slag remelting. Specifically, a smelting method adopting an electric-arc furnace, LF,VOD/VHD, double-supporting-arm electro-slag furnace remelting is adopted, components Si, Al and B of a consumable electrode is strictly controlled, the adding amount of Al powder or Fe-Si powder mixture is strictly controlled in the electro-slag slagging process, the oxidation burning loss of elements in the electro-slag remelting process is reduced by evenly and strictly controlling the adding amounts of the Al powder and the Fe-Si powder in a slag bath in the remelting process of the consumable electrode, and even and uniform integral chemical components, gaseous oxygen content and purity degree of electro-slag ingots are ensured. The method is suitable for smelting of common electro-slag furnaces, device input is reduced, and smelting cost is reduced. The low-Si, low-Al ultra-supercritical steam turbine blade steel gaseous oxygen content obtained by means of the method is smaller than or equal to 30*106, and non-metallic inclusions conform to assessment stipulations of ASTM E45 standard A law and accordingly meets the blade steel purity degree requirement for an ultra-supercritical steam turbine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material refining techniques field, relate to the manufacture method of a kind of high-purity low Si, low Al steel ingot, be specifically related to a kind of manufacture method of ultra-supercritical turbine blade steel electroslag remelting steel ingot.
Background technology
Silicone content≤0.10% in stainless steel, namely aluminium content≤0.015% is called the low al stainless steel of low silicon, and the chemical Composition Control of current ultra supercritical unit blade material requires to adopt the low al stainless steel of this type of low silicon.Along with the development of turbine making technology, single-machine capacity is increasing, steam turbine develops to super-critical and ultra super-critical power unit, its vapor (steam) temperature and operating pressure respectively by original 538 DEG C, 17MPa brings up to 600 DEG C, 24MPa ~ 28MPa, only has the turbine blade steel guarantee turbine blade of high cleanliness to have satisfactory mechanical property and high temperature endurance performance.Chemical composition is even, the advantage of dense materials, high purity to adopt electroslag remelting process manufacture electroslag remelting steel ingot to have, and therefore, low silicon, the low al stainless steel of current domestic production also adopt electroslag remelting process usually.Because the content of Silicified breccias is very low, in esr process, in steel, large, the gas oxygen content of melting loss of elements amount increases, thus cause oxide inclusion to increase, more there will be oxygen content and the degree of purity very big-difference of ESR ingot heelpiece end and filling end, be difficult to the uniformity ensureing ESR ingot overall chemical composition, oxygen content, degree of purity.In order to solve this difficult problem; domestic a lot of producer adopts at general EAR stove crystallizer installation argon gas or nitrogen device or adopts the equipment such as electroslag furnace under protective Ar gas stove, vacuum electric slag hearth to smelt this kind low low al stainless steel of silicon, does not still realize ESR ingot overall chemical composition, oxygen content, degree of purity uniformity; The molten fast electroslag furnace under protective Ar gas stove of external employing perseverance, vacuum electric slag hearth equipment smelt this kind low low al stainless steel of silicon, can realize ESR ingot overall chemical composition, oxygen content, degree of purity uniformity, but smelting equipment investment are very large.
Summary of the invention
The present invention discloses a kind of manufacture method of ultra-supercritical turbine blade steel electroslag remelting steel ingot, reaches ESR ingot entirety have chemical composition, oxygen content, degree of purity uniformity object with low cost input.
The present invention utilizes common double support arm electroslag furnace, process program of employing new technology realizes above-mentioned purpose.
One, novel technique scheme concrete technology step is as follows:
The first step, adopts electric arc furnaces+LF+VOD/VHD stove mode to smelt consumable pole (1):
1. electric arc furnaces: furnace charge to be returned etc. by steel scrap, the pig iron, this steel and forms, tapping condition: T >=1630 DEG C, P≤0.005%; Molten steel is poured in ladle after dephosphorization.
2.LF stove: ladle proceeds to LF stove, adds CaC after LF puts in place
2deoxidation, consumption 2kg/t ~ 3kg/t, adds Al powder 1kg/t ~ 2kg/t, is greater than 10min, adds alloy material, adjusting component to electric slag, tapping condition; T>=1650 DEG C, S≤0.010%.
3.VOD/VHD stove: molten steel enters VOD tank after scratching clean and just refining slag, adds deoxidier Al powder 1.0kg/t ~ 4.0kg/t, Ca-Si block 0.5kg/t ~ 4.0kg/t, vacuum outgas P≤100Pa with slag charge (lime, fluorite), retention time >=15min.
4. tapping condition: temperature 1560 DEG C ~ 1580 DEG C, consutrode composition (1) should meet table 1 and specify.
Table 1 %
5. (1) consutrode is poured into a mould: bet method is cast into the electrode steel ingot of consutrode, and electrode steel ingot dimensions is ф 200 mm × 1750 ± 10mm.
6. (1) consutrode joins through chemical composition inspection and the laggard luggage of removing surface, and (1) every 3 consutrodes arrange in pairs or groups smelting 1 ф 360mm × 1050mm ESR ingot.
Second step, electroslag smelting casting
1. electroslag remelting prepares
1. two support arm electroslag refining furnace is adopted;
2. adopt water mold (2), crystallizer (2) specification is ф 360/350 × 1050mm, and namely upper base diameter is ф 360mm, and diameter of going to the bottom is ф 350mm, is highly 1050mm; Water cooled bottom plate is provided with (5) bottom crystallizer 2.
2. prepare slag charge (3), slag system CaF
2: Al
2o
3: MgO=65:30:5, quantity of slag 36kg.
3. slag making: this steel grade heelpiece is put into crystallizer (2) bottom, with graphite electrode crystallizer (2) in be energized the starting the arc, add the good slag charge of 0.5kg proportioning (3).
4. change slag, gradually the slag charge of 2/3 total amount (3) all add crystallizer (2) in, slag charge to be added is (3) all after fusing, Al powder, Fe-Si powder and remaining is added after (3) the slag charge of 1/3 total amount mixes crystallizer (2) in, until slag charge all melts.
5. remelting, hangs out graphite electrode after (3) slag charge all melts, and adjustment parameters of electric power, changes consutrode (1) remelting; To be melted to apart from consutrode (1) top 100 ± 10mm time hang out, change another consutrode and (1) continue remelting, after (1) the 3rd consutrode arrive remelting latter stage, adjustment parameters of electric power proceeds to filling feeding operation, loading time 25min ~ 30min.
6. add additives (7), (7) additives are made up of Al powder, Fe-Si powder, after (1) every consutrode is changed, be laid in after (7) the additives calculating consumption are mixed additives feeding machine (6) in, (6) (2) (7) additives are added slag bath surface in upper end from crystallizer uniformly along with electrode remelting by additives feeding machine.
7. electric slag refusion and smelting procedure parameter controls as follows:
1. slag making operation: electric current 0 V ~ 2000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12 MPa ~ 0.18MPa;
2. slag operation is changed: electric current 2000A ~ 4000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12 MPa ~ 0.18 MPa;
3. remelting operation: electric current 6000A ~ 7000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12MPa ~ 0.18MPa;
4. feeding operation: electric current 5000A ~ 2000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12MPa ~ 0.18MPa.
By water adjusting valve discharge during electroslag remelting, crystallization control device coolant outlet I (2) (10) with water cooled bottom plate coolant outlet II (5) (11) leaving water temperature be not more than 45 DEG C.
8. ESR ingot takes off ingot: electroslag remelting is de-electroslag ingot casting after terminating 30min, covers cold 48h, unannealed.The chemical composition of ESR ingot should meet table 2 and specify.
Table 2 %
Two, non-metallic inclusion
Non-metallic inclusion should meet according to the evaluation of ASTM E45 standard A method: category-A≤0.5 grade, category-B≤1.5 grade, C class≤0.5 grade, D class≤1.0 grade.
Innovative point of the present invention is:
(1) the innovative point of process for making:
For ensureing low Si, low Al ultra-supercritical turbine blade steel cleanness, need strictly to control chemical composition during making steel, and minimizing is mingled with as far as possible.
1. electric arc furnaces: tapping condition: T >=1630 DEG C, P≤0.005%; Molten steel is poured in ladle after dephosphorization;
2. LF stove: ladle proceeds to LF stove, adds CaC after LF puts in place
2deoxidation, consumption 2kg/t ~ 3kg/t, adds Al powder 1kg/t, is greater than 10min, adds alloy material, adjusting component to electric slag, tapping condition; T>=1650 DEG C, S≤0.010%;
3. VOD/VHD stove: molten steel enters VOD tank after scratching clean and just refining slag, adds deoxidier Al powder 1.5kg/t ~ 4.0kg/t, vacuum outgas P≤100Pa with slag charge (lime, fluorite), retention time >=15min;
4. to tap condition: temperature 1560 DEG C ~ 1580 DEG C;
5. consutrode cast: bet method is cast into the electrode steel ingot of consutrode, and electrode steel ingot dimensions is ф 200mm × (1750 ± 10) mm;
6. consutrode is joined through chemical composition inspection and the laggard luggage of removing surface, every 3 consutrodes collocation smelting 1 ф 360mm × 1050mm ESR ingot.
(2) the innovative point of electroslag process
According to the scaling loss rule of each element in Electroslag Process, calculating to slag bath in Electroslag Process and add additives, there is displacement reaction after interacting in electrode, additives and slag between which, makes system close to balance; The oxide that displacement reaction generates is absorbed by slag, reduces melting loss of elements, reaches the object improving steel degree of purity.
1. two support arm electroslag refining furnace is adopted;
2. adopt water mold, crystallizer specification is ф 360/350 × 1050mm, and namely upper base diameter is ф 360mm, and diameter of going to the bottom is ф 350mm, is highly 1050mm; Crystalliser feet is provided with water cooled bottom plate.
3. slag charge is prepared, slag system CaF
2: Al
2o
3: MgO=65:30:5, quantity of slag 36kg.
4. slag making: this steel grade heelpiece is put into crystalliser feet, to be energized the starting the arc with graphite electrode, to add the slag charge that 0.5kg proportioning is good in crystallizer.
5. change slag, gradually the slag charge of 2/3 total amount is all added in crystallizer, after slag charge to be added all melts, Al powder, Fe-Si powder are added in crystallizer, until slag charge all melts after mixing with the slag charge of residue 1/3 total amount.
6. remelting, hangs out graphite electrode after slag charge all melts, and adjustment parameters of electric power, changes consutrode remelting; To be meltedly to hang out to apart from during the 100 ± 10mm of consutrode top, change another consutrode and continue remelting, after the 3rd consutrode arrives remelting latter stage, adjustment parameters of electric power proceeds to filling feeding operation, loading time 25 min ~ 30min.
7. additives are added, additives are made up of Al powder, Fe-Si powder, after every consutrode is changed, be laid in after the additives calculating consumption are mixed in additives feeding machine, by additives feeding machine, additives added slag bath surface from crystallizer upper end uniformly along with electrode remelting.
8. electric slag refusion and smelting procedure parameter controls as follows:
Slag making operation: electric current 0 V ~ 2000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12 MPa ~ 0.18MPa;
Change slag operation: electric current 2000A ~ 4000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12 MPa ~ 0.18 MPa;
Remelting operation: electric current 6000A ~ 7000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12MPa ~ 0.18MPa;
Feeding operation: electric current 5000A ~ 2000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12MPa ~ 0.18MPa.
9. pass through water adjusting valve discharge during electroslag remelting, the coolant outlet of crystallization control device and the coolant outlet leaving water temperature of water cooled bottom plate are not more than 45 DEG C.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: adopt the chemical composition of the ESR ingot of general EAR stove and new technology manufacture to meet technical stipulation, non-metallic inclusion evaluation result meets technical stipulation; ESR ingot entirety has chemical composition, oxygen content, degree of purity uniformity consistency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention schematic diagrames.
In figure: consutrode 1, crystallizer 2, slag charge 3, electroslag ingot casting 4, water cooled bottom plate 5, additives feeding machine 6, additives 7, cooling water inlet I 8, cooling water inlet II 9, coolant outlet I 10, coolant outlet II 11.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 5 adopts same technological process: steel-making (electric arc furnaces+LF+VOD/VHD) → die casting (consutrode ф 200mm) → electroslag remelting (ESR ingot ф 360mm).
In this technological process, the same process step that embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 5 has is as follows:
2. die casting: adopt bet method to be cast into the electrode steel ingot of consutrode, electrode steel ingot dimensions is ф 200 mm × 1750 ± 10mm.
3. electroslag remelting: consutrode is joined through chemical composition inspection and the laggard luggage of removing surface, and (1) every 3 consutrodes arrange in pairs or groups smelting 1 ф 360mm × 1050mm ESR ingot.
(1) electroslag remelting process
1. two support arm electroslag refining furnace is adopted;
2. adopt water mold, crystallizer specification is ф 360mm/350mm × 1050mm, and namely upper base diameter is ф 360mm, and diameter of going to the bottom is ф 350mm, is highly 1050mm; Crystalliser feet is provided with water cooled bottom plate.
3. slag charge is prepared, slag system CaF
2: Al
2o
3: MgO=65:30:5, quantity of slag 36kg.
4. slag making: this steel grade heelpiece is put into crystalliser feet, to be energized the starting the arc with graphite electrode, to add the slag charge that 0.5kg proportioning is good in crystallizer.
5. change slag: gradually the slag charge of 2/3 total amount is all added in crystallizer, after slag charge to be added all melts, Al powder, Fe-Si powder are added in crystallizer, until slag charge all melts after mixing with the slag charge of residue 1/3 total amount.
6. remelting: hang out graphite electrode after slag charge all melts, adjustment parameters of electric power, changes consutrode remelting; To be meltedly to hang out to apart from during the 100mm ± 10mm of consutrode top, change another consutrode and continue remelting, after the 3rd consutrode arrives remelting latter stage, adjustment parameters of electric power proceeds to filling feeding operation, loading time 25min ~ 30min.
(2) electric slag refusion and smelting procedure parameter controls as follows:
1. slag making operation: electric current 0 V ~ 2000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12 MPa ~ 0.18MPa;
2. slag operation is changed: electric current 2000A ~ 4000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12 MPa ~ 0.18 MPa;
3. remelting operation: electric current 6000A ~ 7000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12MPa ~ 0.18MPa;
4. feeding operation: electric current 5000A ~ 2000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12MPa ~ 0.18MPa.
4. during electroslag remelting by the discharge of water adjusting valve, the leaving water temperature of crystallization control device and water cooled bottom plate is not more than 45 DEG C.
5. ESR ingot takes off ingot: electroslag remelting is de-electroslag ingot casting after terminating 30min, covers cold 48h, unannealed.
Embodiment 1
1, process for making
1. eaf process
Total batch 31.83t, batching selects high-quality steel scrap, the pig iron; Alloy material selects low chromium, crome metal, nickel plate, ferrotungsten, cobalt plate, molybdenum-iron, vanadium iron, ferro-niobium, ferro-boron and this steel returns.Tapping controls: C:0.06%, P:0.004%, tapping temperature 1684 DEG C;
2. LF technique
Use aluminum shot and carbon dust carry out diffusive deoxidation and keep atmosphere, aluminium powder consumption is 35kg, CaC
2powder consumption is 75kg, adds in two batches, ensures white slag time 40min, tapping temperature 1660 DEG C, S:0.007%.
3. VOD/VHD stove
Molten steel enters VOD tank after scratching clean and just refining slag, adds deoxidier Al powder 49kg, Ca-Si block 15 kg, vacuum outgas P≤100Pa, retention time 15min with slag charge (lime, fluorite).
4. to tap condition: temperature 1578 DEG C.Consutrode composition is in table 4.
3, electroslag smelting casting
1. additives use amount
Electroslag remelting additives use amount is in table 3.
2. ESR ingot chemical composition
ESR ingot chemical composition is in table 4.
4, assay
1. nonmetal and foreign material assay is in table 5.
Embodiment 2
1, process for making
1. eaf process
Total batch 31.90t, batching selects high-quality steel scrap, the pig iron; Alloy material selects low chromium, crome metal, nickel plate, ferrotungsten, cobalt plate, molybdenum-iron, vanadium iron, ferro-niobium, ferro-boron and this steel returns.Tapping controls: C:0.07%, P:0.005%, tapping temperature 1655 DEG C;
2. LF technique
Use aluminum shot and carbon dust carry out diffusive deoxidation and keep atmosphere, aluminium powder consumption is 41kg, CaC
2powder consumption is 80kg, adds in two batches, ensures white slag time 40min, tapping temperature 1670 DEG C, S:0.006%.
3. VOD/VHD stove
Molten steel enters VOD tank after scratching clean and just refining slag, adds deoxidier Al powder 35kg, Ca-Si block 20kg, vacuum outgas P≤100Pa, retention time 15min with slag charge (lime, fluorite).
4. to tap condition: temperature 1575 DEG C.Consutrode composition is in table 4.
3, electroslag smelting casting
1. additives use amount
Electroslag remelting additives use amount is in table 3.
2. ESR ingot chemical composition
ESR ingot chemical composition is in table 4.
4, assay
1. nonmetal and foreign material assay is in table 5.
Embodiment 3
1, process for making
1. eaf process
Total batch 31.88t, batching selects high-quality steel scrap, the pig iron; Alloy material selects low chromium, crome metal, nickel plate, ferrotungsten, cobalt plate, molybdenum-iron, vanadium iron, ferro-niobium, ferro-boron and this steel returns.Tapping controls: C:0.06%, P:0.005%, tapping temperature 1680 DEG C;
2. LF technique
Use aluminum shot and carbon dust carry out diffusive deoxidation and keep atmosphere, aluminium powder consumption is 40kg, CaC
2powder consumption is 70kg, adds in two batches, ensures white slag time 35min, tapping temperature 1680 DEG C, S:0.005%.
3. VOD/VHD stove
Molten steel enters VOD tank after scratching clean and just refining slag, adds deoxidier Al powder 35kg, Ca-Si block 30kg, vacuum outgas P≤100Pa, retention time 15min with slag charge (lime, fluorite).
4. to tap condition: temperature 1570 DEG C.Consutrode composition is in table 4.
3, electroslag smelting casting
1. additives use amount
Electroslag remelting additives use amount is in table 3.
2. ESR ingot chemical composition
ESR ingot chemical composition is in table 4.
4, assay
1. nonmetal and foreign material assay is in table 5.
Embodiment 4
1, process for making
1. eaf process
Total batch 31.50t, batching selects high-quality steel scrap, the pig iron; Alloy material selects low chromium, crome metal, nickel plate, ferrotungsten, cobalt plate, molybdenum-iron, vanadium iron, ferro-niobium, ferro-boron and this steel returns.Tapping controls: C:0.05%, P:0.004%, tapping temperature 1678 DEG C;
2. LF technique
Use aluminum shot and carbon dust carry out diffusive deoxidation and keep atmosphere, aluminium powder consumption is 50kg, CaC
2powder consumption is 70kg, adds in two batches, ensures white slag time 40min, tapping temperature 1670 DEG C, S:0.005%.
3. VOD/VHD stove
Molten steel enters VOD tank after scratching clean and just refining slag, adds deoxidier Al powder 40kg, Ca-Si block 30kg, vacuum outgas P≤100Pa, retention time 15min with slag charge (lime, fluorite).
4. to tap condition: temperature 1566 DEG C.Consutrode composition is in table 4.
3, electroslag smelting casting
1. additives use amount
Electroslag remelting additives use amount is in table 3.
2. ESR ingot chemical composition
ESR ingot chemical composition is in table 4.
4, assay
1. nonmetal and foreign material assay is in table 5.
Embodiment 5
1, process for making
1. eaf process
Total batch 31.48t, batching selects high-quality steel scrap, the pig iron; Alloy material selects low chromium, crome metal, nickel plate, ferrotungsten, cobalt plate, molybdenum-iron, vanadium iron, ferro-niobium, ferro-boron and this steel returns.Tapping controls: C:0.04%, P:0.004%, tapping temperature 1690 DEG C;
2. LF technique
Use aluminum shot and carbon dust carry out diffusive deoxidation and keep atmosphere, aluminium powder consumption is 45kg, CaC
2powder consumption is 80kg, adds in two batches, ensures white slag time 35min, tapping temperature 1665 DEG C, S:0.007%.
3. VOD/VHD stove
Molten steel enters VOD tank after scratching clean and just refining slag, adds deoxidier Al powder 50kg, Ca-Si block 25kg, vacuum outgas P≤100Pa, retention time 15min with slag charge (lime, fluorite).
4. to tap condition: temperature 1580 DEG C.Consutrode composition is in table 4.
3, electroslag smelting casting
1. additives use amount
Electroslag remelting additives use amount is in table 3.
2. ESR ingot chemical composition
ESR ingot chemical composition is in table 4.
4, assay
1. nonmetal and foreign material assay is in table 5.
Table 3 electroslag remelting additives use amount
Table 4 chemical composition assay %
Table 5 examination of nonmetallic inclusion result
Claims (3)
1. a manufacture method for ultra-supercritical turbine blade steel electroslag remelting steel ingot, is characterized in that: described manufacture method adopts the smelting process of the two support arm electroslag furnace remelting of electric arc furnaces+LF+VOD/VHD+; Need strictly to control consutrode Si, Al, B component during making steel, reduce as far as possible and be mingled with; For ensureing low Si, low Al ultra-supercritical turbine blade steel cleanness, according to the scaling loss rule of each element in Electroslag Process, calculating to slag bath in Electroslag Process and add additives, there is displacement reaction after interacting in electrode, additives and slag between which, makes system close to balance; The oxide that displacement reaction generates is absorbed by slag, reduces melting loss of elements, improves steel degree of purity.
2. the manufacture method of a kind of ultra-supercritical turbine blade steel electroslag remelting steel ingot according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described manufacture method concrete technology step is as follows:
The first step, adopts electric arc furnaces+LF+VOD/VHD stove mode to smelt consumable pole (1):
1) electric arc furnaces: furnace charge to be returned etc. by steel scrap, the pig iron, this steel and forms, tapping condition: T >=1630 DEG C, P≤0.005%; Molten steel is poured in ladle after dephosphorization;
2) LF stove: ladle proceeds to LF stove, adds CaC after LF puts in place
2deoxidation, consumption 2kg/t ~ 3kg/t, adds Al powder 1kg/t ~ 2kg/t, is greater than 10min, adds alloy material, adjusting component to electric slag, tapping condition; T>=1650 DEG C, S≤0.010%;
3) VOD/VHD stove: molten steel enters VOD tank after scratching clean and just refining slag, adds deoxidier Al powder 1.0kg/t ~ 4.0kg/t, Ca-Si block 0.5kg/t ~ 4.0kg/t, vacuum outgas P≤100Pa with slag charge (lime, fluorite), retention time >=15min;
4) tapping condition: temperature 1560 DEG C ~ 1580 DEG C, consutrode composition (1) should meet table 1 and specify;
Table 1 %
5) (1) consutrode is poured into a mould: bet method is cast into the electrode steel ingot of consutrode, and electrode steel ingot dimensions is ф 200 mm × 1750 ± 10mm;
6) (1) consutrode joins through chemical composition inspection and the laggard luggage of removing surface, and (1) every 3 consutrodes arrange in pairs or groups smelting 1 ф 360mm × 1050mm ESR ingot;
Second step, electroslag smelting casting
1) electroslag remelting prepares
1. two support arm electroslag refining furnace is adopted;
2. adopt water mold (2), crystallizer (2) specification is ф 360/350 × 1050mm, and namely upper base diameter is ф 360mm, and diameter of going to the bottom is ф 350mm, is highly 1050mm; Water cooled bottom plate is provided with (5) bottom crystallizer 2;
2) slag charge is prepared (3), slag system CaF
2: Al
2o
3: MgO=65:30:5, quantity of slag 36kg;
3) slag making: this steel grade heelpiece is put into crystallizer (2) bottom, with graphite electrode crystallizer (2) in be energized the starting the arc, add the good slag charge of 0.5kg proportioning (3);
4) change slag, gradually the slag charge of 2/3 total amount (3) all add crystallizer (2) in, slag charge to be added is (3) all after fusing, Al powder, Fe-Si powder and remaining is added after (3) the slag charge of 1/3 total amount mixes crystallizer (2) in, until slag charge all melts;
5) remelting, hangs out graphite electrode after (3) slag charge all melts, and adjustment parameters of electric power, changes consutrode (1) remelting; To be melted to apart from consutrode (1) top 100 ± 10mm time hang out, change another consutrode and (1) continue remelting, after (1) the 3rd consutrode arrive remelting latter stage, adjustment parameters of electric power proceeds to filling feeding operation, loading time 25min ~ 30min;
6) additives are added (7), (7) additives are made up of Al powder, Fe-Si powder, after (1) every consutrode is changed, be laid in after (7) the additives calculating consumption are mixed additives feeding machine (6) in, (6) (2) (7) additives are added slag bath surface in upper end from crystallizer uniformly along with electrode remelting by additives feeding machine;
7) the strict Controlling Technology parameter of electric slag refusion and smelting process;
8) ESR ingot takes off ingot: electroslag remelting is de-electroslag ingot casting after terminating 30min, covers cold 48h, unannealed.
3. the manufacture method of a kind of ultra-supercritical turbine blade steel electroslag remelting steel ingot according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described electric slag refusion and smelting procedure parameter controls as follows:
1) slag making operation: electric current 0 V ~ 2000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12 MPa ~ 0.18MPa;
2) slag operation is changed: electric current 2000A ~ 4000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12 MPa ~ 0.18 MPa;
3) remelting operation: electric current 6000A ~ 7000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12MPa ~ 0.18MPa;
4) feeding operation: electric current 5000A ~ 2000A, voltage 53V ~ 62V, water temperature≤45 DEG C, hydraulic pressure 0.12MPa ~ 0.18Mpa;
5) during electroslag remelting by water adjusting valve discharge, crystallization control device coolant outlet I (2) (10) with water cooled bottom plate coolant outlet II (5) (11) leaving water temperature be not more than 45 DEG C.
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