CN104514824B - Mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of mechanical vibrationproof limiter of speed, including pedestal, rotating shaft, cam, push rod, push rod, air damper and sliding equipment, the pedestal are fixed in locomotive body, and the rotating shaft is connected with locomotive wheel shaft.The air damper is fixed on the lower section of pedestal, and push rod is in contact with cam, and cam is provided with compression spring in rotating shaft between push rod and pedestal.The sliding equipment includes the first screw, the first spring, sleeve, sliding block and resets screw, and sliding equipment is arranged on above push rod, in the interconnection of pedestal.The mechanical vibrationproof limiter of speed also includes having branch's bar on the right side of travel switch, push rod, and the travel switch is located at the underface of branch's bar, and branch's bar stirs travel switch when declining.The mechanical vibrationproof limiter of speed, brakes is controlled by determining the rotational frequency of rotary shaft, and braking can be both realized when locomotive exceeds the speed limit, and the exciting effect of locomotive, generation misoperation as few as possible can also be resisted to a certain extent.

Description

Mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter

technical field

The invention relates to the field of mining machinery and equipment, in particular to a mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter.

Background technique

At present, the types of high-efficiency auxiliary transportation equipment used in coal mines in various countries mainly include monorail cranes, trucks, rack cars and trackless rubber-tyred cars. Most of these auxiliary transportation equipment are self-driven and can operate within a certain slope range, so the braking performance of the locomotive plays a vital role in safe production.

At present, the most commonly used speed detection mechanisms for mine vehicles include speed sensing devices, connecting rod booster centrifugal brakes and centrifugal speed governors. The speed sensing device is installed on the brake car and is mainly composed of bevel gears, rotating shafts, discs, rotating bodies, springs, control panels, etc. When the speed is normal, the compression of the spring is not enough to move the control board to the top, and the brake system cannot work. Only when the speed is abnormal can the control board move to the top of the tripod (the tripod is similar to the tripod on the umbrella) , so that the braking device operates. The structure of the mechanism is relatively complicated, and it is mainly used in inclined shaft transportation to prevent rail vehicles from running. The connecting rod supercharged centrifugal brake is mainly composed of friction weights, Zengli weights, driving parts, return springs, driving shafts, and connecting rod mechanisms. When the main shaft drives the original moving part to rotate, the booster weight and the friction weight generate centrifugal force. Under the action of centrifugal force, the booster weight and the friction weight do centrifugal motion. When the angular velocity of the original moving part is low, the centrifugal force is not enough to cause a large deformation of the spring, and the friction weight fails to contact the fixing device, so the braking effect cannot be achieved; when the angular velocity of the original moving part reaches the limit value, the centrifugal force causes the spring to produce a large The deformation of the friction weight and the inner wall of the fixture contact to play a braking role. The mechanism is mainly used in inclined shaft transportation to prevent mine car accidents. The centrifugal speed governor shown in Figure 1 is mainly composed of a rotating body, a slider, a sliding shaft, and a compression spring. One end of the rotating shaft is connected with the wheel shaft, and the other end is fixed on the casing with screws to drive the centrifugal speed governor to rotate, and the tapered pin connects the slider and the sliding shaft. When the rotating speed is small, the compression spring presses the slider to prevent the sliding shaft from stretching out. When the rotating speed reaches a certain value, the sliding block drives the sliding shaft to compress the spring together so that the sliding shaft stretches out and triggers the brake switch. Centrifugal speed governor has simple structure, sensitive and reliable action, strong and durable, no explosion-proof, low cost and convenient maintenance, so it is widely used in mine vehicles.

The above-mentioned widely used speed detection mechanisms all use the principle of centrifugal force. When the speed of the locomotive reaches a certain value, the centrifugal force increases to the pre-compression force of the spring, and the slider moves to trigger the brake. These three speed detection mechanisms work well under normal road conditions, but when the road conditions are relatively bad and the locomotive vibrates frequently, errors will occur and malfunctions will often occur, affecting the normal operation of the locomotive.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to take the safety braking of monorail locomotives as the research object, and propose a mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter, which can control the braking system by measuring the rotation frequency of the rotating shaft, which can realize braking when the locomotive is overspeed. It can also resist the exciting vibration of the locomotive to a certain extent, and cause as few malfunctions as possible.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution of the present invention is:

A mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter, including a base, a rotating shaft, a cam, a push rod, a push rod, an air damper, and a sliding mechanism, the base is fixed on the locomotive body, and the rotating shaft is connected to the wheel shaft of the locomotive The air damper is fixed below the base, one end of the push rod is arranged on the air damper, the other end of the push rod extends into the base, a push rod is arranged above the push rod, and the push rod contacts the cam, The cam is installed on the rotating shaft, and a compression spring is arranged between the push rod and the base, and the compression spring is sleeved on the push rod; the sliding mechanism includes a first screw, a first spring, a sleeve, a slider and a reset screw, and the sliding mechanism Set above the push rod, in the transverse channel of the base; the sleeve is located on the right side of the transverse channel, the slider is located at the left end of the sleeve, the first screw is located at the right end of the sleeve, and the first spring is located at the sleeve Inside the barrel; the first screw, the first spring, the sleeve and the slider are located on the right side of the push rod, the reset screw is located on the left side of the push rod, and the mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter also includes a travel switch, There is a branch rod on the right side of the push rod, and the travel switch is located directly below the branch rod, and the travel switch is toggled when the branch rod descends.

Preferably, the air damper is provided with a second spring, the lower end of the second spring is placed in the air damper, and the upper end of the second spring is placed in the push rod.

Preferably, two ventilation holes are arranged on the bottom wall of the air damper, the ventilation hole on the left side is controlled by an adjusting screw, and a stopper is arranged under the ventilation hole on the right side, and the stopper is fixed under the ventilation hole on the right side. The third spring control.

Preferably, the air damper is fixed under the base by a fixing frame and screws, the fixing frame and the base are fixed by second screws, and the air damper and the fixing frame are fixed by third screws.

Preferably, the right end of the slider is wedge-shaped.

Preferably, the cam is fixed on the rotating shaft by fastening screws.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter controls the braking system by measuring the rotation frequency of the rotating shaft, which can not only realize braking when the locomotive is overspeed, but also resist the exciting vibration of the locomotive to a certain extent Function, as little as possible to produce misoperation.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a centrifugal speed governor.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a vertical section of a mechanical anti-vibration speed governor.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a mechanical anti-vibration speed governor.

4a to 4d are structural schematic diagrams of the non-braking motion state of the mechanical anti-vibration speed governor.

5a to 5d are structural schematic diagrams of the braking motion state of the mechanical anti-vibration speed governor.

Fig. 6a and Fig. 6b are structural schematic diagrams of reset of the mechanical anti-vibration overspeed governor.

Among them: 1 is the base, 2 is the rotating shaft, 3 is the cam, 4 is the push rod, 5 is the ejector rod, 6 is the air damper, 7 is the compression spring, 8 is the first screw, 9 is the first spring, 10 is Sleeve, 11 is a slide block, 12 is a reset screw, 13 is a travel switch, 14 is a branch rod, 15 is a second spring, 16 is an adjustment screw, 17 is a stopper, 18 is a third spring, and 19 is a fixed mount. 20 is the second screw, 21 is the third screw, and 22 is the fastening screw.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

2 and 3, a mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter includes a base 1, a rotating shaft 2, a cam 3, a push rod 4, a push rod 5, an air damper 6, and a sliding mechanism. The base 1 Fixed on the locomotive body, the rotating shaft 2 is connected with the wheel axle of the locomotive. The air damper 6 is fixed below the base 1, one end of the ejector rod 5 is arranged on the air damper 6, the other end of the ejector rod 5 extends into the base 1, and a push rod 4 is arranged above the ejector rod 5, The push rod 4 is in contact with the cam 3, the cam 3 is installed on the rotating shaft 2, and a compression spring 7 is arranged between the push rod 4 and the base 1, and the compression spring 7 is sleeved on the push rod 4. The sliding mechanism includes a first screw 8 , a first spring 9 , a sleeve 10 , a slider 11 and a reset screw 12 , and the sliding mechanism is arranged above the push rod 5 and in the transverse channel of the base 1 . The sleeve 10 is located on the right side of the transverse channel, the slider 11 is located at the left end of the sleeve 10 , the first screw 8 is located at the right end of the sleeve 10 , and the first spring 9 is located inside the sleeve 10 . The first screw 8, the first spring 9, the sleeve 10 and the slider 11 are located on the right side of the push rod 4, the reset screw 12 is located on the left side of the push rod 4, and the mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter is also Including a travel switch 13, there is a branch rod 14 on the right side of the push rod 5, and the travel switch 13 is located directly below the branch rod 14, and the travel switch 13 is toggled when the branch rod 14 descends. The air damper 6 is provided with a second spring 15 , the lower end of the second spring 15 is placed in the air damper 6 , and the upper end is placed in the push rod 5 . The bottom wall of the air damper 6 is provided with two ventilation holes, the ventilation hole on the left side is controlled by an adjustment screw 16, and a stopper 17 is arranged below the ventilation hole on the right side, and the stopper 17 is fixed on the right side ventilation hole The third spring 18 below controls. The air damper 6 is fixed below the base 1 by a fixing frame 19 and screws, the fixing frame 19 and the base 1 are fixed by a second screw 20, and the air damper 6 and the fixing frame 19 are fixed by a third screw 21 fixed. The right end of the slider 11 is wedge-shaped. The cam 3 is fixed on the rotating shaft 2 by fastening screws 22 .

The working state of the mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter can be divided into three types: non-braking state, braking state and reset.

(1) Non-braking state: when the running speed of the locomotive is lower than the maximum speed limit, the slider 11 is always in the transverse channel, and the mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter cannot trigger the travel switch. With reference to Fig. 4a to Fig. 4d, the motion state of the mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter in a non-braking state within one rotation cycle is analyzed.

As shown in Figure 4a: in the initial state, the cam 3 does not compress the push rod 4, the push rod 5 and the push rod 4 are at the top dead center of displacement under the action of the second spring 15, and prevent the slider 11 from being moved by the sleeve 10 and the first spring 9 press into the vertical channel;

As shown in Figure 4b: the cam 3 compresses the push rod 4, and then pushes the ejector rod 5 to press out the air in the air damper 6, and the ejector rod 5 reaches the bottom dead center of displacement, but does not touch the travel switch 13;

As shown in FIG. 4 c : the cam 3 continues to rotate, the push rod 4 is released, and the push rod 5 and the push rod 4 move upward under the action of the second spring 15 . Due to the effect of the air damper 6, the moving speed of the push rod 5 is lower than that of the push rod 4 (the damping effect of the air damper 6 can be adjusted by adjusting the screw 16, and then the moving speed of the push rod 5 can be adjusted). At this moment, the rotational speed of the cam 3 is lower than the maximum limit rotational speed. Before the push rod 4 leaves the slide block 11, the push rod 5 has risen to the position of the slide block 11, blocking the slide block 11 and preventing it from being pressed into the vertical channel;

As shown in Figure 4d: the cam 3 pushes the push rod to move downward again.

Like this, when the rotation speed of the cam 3 is lower than the maximum limit rotation speed, the mechanical anti-vibration overspeed governor circulates successively, and the push rod 5 does not trigger the travel switch 13 to open the braking system. At this time, the locomotive is in a non-braking state.

(2) Braking state: when the running speed of the locomotive was greater than the maximum speed limit, the slide block 11 would be pressed into the vertical channel, and the distance that the push rod 5 moved down would increase the thickness of a slide block 11. 5 just touch travel switch 13, implement braking. The motion state of the mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter in one rotation cycle is analyzed in conjunction with Figs. 5a to 5d.

As shown in Figure 5a: in the initial state, the cam 3 does not compress the push rod 4, and the push rod 5 and the push rod 4 are at the top dead center of displacement under the action of the second spring 15, preventing the slider 11 from being moved by the sleeve 10 and the first spring 9 Press into the vertical channel;

As shown in Figure 5b: the cam 3 compresses the push rod 4, and then pushes the ejector rod 5 to press out the air in the air damper 6, and the ejector rod 5 reaches the bottom dead center of displacement, but does not touch the travel switch 13;

As shown in FIG. 5 c : the cam 3 continues to rotate, the push rod 4 is released, and the push rod 5 and the push rod 4 move upward under the action of the second spring 15 . Because the rotational speed of the cam 3 is greater than the maximum limit rotational speed at this time, before the push rod 4 leaves the slider 11, the push rod 5 has not risen to the position of the slider 11, so the slider cannot be blocked. At this time, the slider 11 will be moved by the sleeve 10 and the first spring 9 are pressed into the vertical channel;

As shown in Figure 5d: the cam 3 pushes the push rod 4 to move downward again. Since a slide block 11 is added in the vertical channel, the distance of the push rod 5 moving down also increases the thickness of a slide block 11. When the push rod 5 When reaching the bottom dead center of the displacement, the travel switch 13 can just be triggered to open the braking system.

(3) Reset: After the mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter triggers the braking system, the slider needs to be reset for subsequent use. Combined with Figure 6a and Figure 6b, analyze the reset method of the mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter.

Remove the fastening screw 22 of the mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter, turn the cam 3 so as to release the push rod 4, at this time, the mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter will be as shown in Figure 6a. Since the right end of the slider 11 is wedge-shaped, the slider 11 can be pressed into the transverse channel by turning the reset screw 12. At the same time, the push rod 5 moves up to the top dead center of the displacement to block the slider 11, preventing it from being pressed again. into the vertical channel, as shown in Figure 6b. Then the reset screw 12 is rotated to the initial position, and the fastening screw 22 is screwed on, the cam 3 is fixed, and the reset is completed.

The mechanical anti-vibration speed limiter controls the braking system by measuring the rotation frequency of the rotating shaft. It can not only achieve braking when the locomotive is overspeed, but also resist the excitation of the locomotive to a certain extent, and generate as little as possible Misoperation.

Of course, the above descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or replacements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention shall also belong to the present invention. protection scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of mechanical vibrationproof limiter of speed, it is characterised in that including pedestal, rotating shaft, cam, push rod, push rod, air damping Device and sliding equipment, the pedestal are fixed in locomotive body, and the rotating shaft is connected with locomotive wheel shaft；The air damping Device is fixed on the lower section of pedestal, and one end of push rod is arranged on air damper, and the other end of push rod is stretched into pedestal, on push rod Side is provided with push rod, and push rod is in contact with cam, and cam is provided with compression spring in rotating shaft between push rod and pedestal, presses Contracting spring housing is on push rod；The sliding equipment includes the first screw, the first spring, sleeve, sliding block and resets screw, skate machine Structure is arranged on above push rod, in the interconnection of pedestal；The sleeve is located at the right side of interconnection, and the sliding block is located at sleeve Left end, the first screw be located at sleeve right-hand member, first spring be located at sleeve in；First screw, the first spring, set Cylinder and sliding block are located at the right side of push rod, and the reset screw is located at the left side of push rod, and the mechanical vibrationproof limiter of speed also includes There is branch's bar on the right side of travel switch, push rod, the travel switch is located at the underface of branch's bar, and branch's bar stirs row when declining Cheng Kaiguan.

2. mechanical vibrationproof limiter of speed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that second is provided with the air damper Spring, the lower end of second spring is placed in air damper, and upper end is placed in push rod.

3. mechanical vibrationproof limiter of speed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that set on the bottom wall of the air damper There are two passages, the passage in left side is provided with block below adjusting screw control, the passage on right side, and block is by being fixed on The 3rd spring control below the passage of right side.

4. mechanical vibrationproof limiter of speed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the air damper passes through fixed mount It is fixed on screw below pedestal, the fixed mount is fixed with pedestal by the second screw, the air damper and fixed mount Fixed by the 3rd screw.

5. mechanical vibrationproof limiter of speed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the right-hand member of the sliding block is wedge shape.

6. mechanical vibrationproof limiter of speed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cam is fixed by trip bolt In rotating shaft.