CN104514335A - Thermal insulation and facing integrated board and production method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal insulation and decorative integrated board and a preparation method thereof, which uses river sludge as the main raw material to prepare a sludge foaming agent, and uses the sludge foaming agent, cement, fly ash, etc. as the main raw materials Prepare foamed cement insulation boards; use modified sludge as the main raw material to prepare flexible facing materials, use spraying technology to coat the flexible facing materials on the insulation boards, and finally obtain decorative and thermal insulation integrated boards. The decorative thermal insulation integrated board prepared by the preparation method of the present invention has thermal conductivity ≤0.024W/m·k, apparent density ≤3.78Kg/m ² , and bonding strength with cement mortar of 0.25-0.3MPa; Good weather resistance, low production cost, long service life, simple construction, etc., suitable for building exterior wall insulation and decoration.

Description

A thermal insulation and decorative integrated board and its preparation method

technical field

The invention relates to a decorative and thermal insulation integrated board and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a thermal insulation and decorative integrated board using river sludge as a main raw material and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

With the acceleration of environmental governance of rivers, a large amount of sludge with high water content and rich in organic matter will cause serious secondary pollution if it is not treated in time during the process of river dredging.

Traditional river sludge is mainly disposed of through incineration or landfill, and part of it is used for organic fertilizer processing or direct use. However, the cost of incineration or landfill treatment is high for a while, and it is often easy to cause secondary pollution. With the acceleration of the industrialization process and the aggravation of river water pollution, river sludge is rich in a large amount of heavy metal elements, which have long been unsuitable or even impossible to be used as organic fertilizers for crops.

Turning waste into treasure, sludge harmless, and resource treatment have gradually become important issues facing us today.

Chinese patent application CN103359995A discloses a method for preparing environment-friendly flexible soft porcelain veneer bricks by utilizing the mud of Honglian Lake, which uses mud to dry the particles, and adds quartz sand, cement, emulsion, flame retardant, fly ash, titanium dioxide, biological particles With water as the main raw material, the flexible soft porcelain veneer brick is prepared by extruding, drying and then calcining, which provides a good way for the mud to be used in the field of architectural decoration.

The main disadvantage is that the comprehensive energy consumption of the production process is relatively high, the drying process temperature is 80-90°C, the drying time is 5-10h, the calcination temperature is 1000-1100°C, and the calcination time is 12-18h.

At present, the commercially available decorative and thermal insulation panels are composed of adhesive layers, thermal insulation and decorative finished panels, anchors, sealing materials, etc. advantage.

However, there are problems and deficiencies such as complex structure, cumbersome production process and high production cost in the decorative and thermal insulation integrated board of this structural form.

With the continuous development of new material technology, it is foreseeable that light weight, energy saving, waste utilization, simple production process, and efficient preparation of decorative and thermal insulation integrated panels will become the development trend of the industry.

Contents of the invention

One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a decorative and thermal insulation integrated board with river sludge as one of the main raw materials, which has the characteristics of good thermal insulation performance, light weight, and good adhesion to cement mortar. The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above purpose is, a thermal insulation and decorative integrated board, which is a layered structure, including a thermal insulation layer and a decorative layer, characterized in that the thermal conductivity is ≤0.024W/m·k, and the apparent density ≤3.78Kg/m ² , the bonding strength with cement mortar is 0.25-0.3MPa;

One of the main preparation raw materials for the insulation layer and the decorative layer is river sludge;

The water content of the river sludge is ≤15%, its main chemical components and percentages are SiO ₂ 48%, Al ₂ O ₃ 12.5%, Fe ₂ O ₃ 5%, CaO 4%, MgO 2.5%. The amount is 7.5%.

The technical effect directly brought by the above technical solution is that river sludge is used as one of the main raw materials for preparation, and the performance of the river sludge, one of the main raw materials, is close to that of clay, rich in organic matter, loose and porous. On the one hand, the thermal conductivity of the prepared decorative and thermal insulation integrated board is ≤0.024W/(m·k), and the apparent density is ≤3.78Kg/m ² , which has excellent thermal insulation effect, rich decorative colors, high strength, light weight and energy saving. performance;

On the other hand, it has good adhesion to cement mortar, and its bonding strength is as high as 0.25-0.3 MPa, which is suitable for quick construction, and the raw materials of the insulation layer and the decorative layer are from the same source, with good compatibility, and the overall physical and chemical performance indicators are more stable;

More importantly, the insulation layer and the decoration layer of the decorative insulation integrated board are integrated with each other. This structural form of "soft outside and rigid inside, combined inside and outside into a whole" has a simple structure and effectively solves the gap between the decorative outer layer and the thermal insulation inner layer of the "sandwich layer" structural form of the prior art. , due to different materials and inconsistent thermal expansion coefficients, after long-term use, it is prone to peeling, bubbling, and deformation of the inner and outer layers, which will lead to problems and deficiencies such as poor thermal insulation effect and shortened service life;

Moreover, the flexible facing material has high strength, good tensile performance, good waterproof and air permeability, which ensures that the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board has the characteristics of superior weather resistance and long service life.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned integrated panel with thermal insulation and veneer, which has the characteristics of simple and easy-to-control process and low energy consumption. The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above object is a method for preparing the thermal insulation and facing integrated board according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

The first step, sludge foaming agent preparation steps:

According to the weight ratio, weigh 20-50: 5-10: 10-30: 1:20: 1-15:: 0.1-3: 0.1-3: 0.1-3 river sludge particles, high-viscosity attapulgite clay powder, active attapulgite clay powder, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium percarbonate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium pyrophosphate and sodium polynaphthalene sulfonate, stirred in a mixer until uniform, then pulverized in a ball mill until granular Diameter ≤ 0.05mm, prepared sludge foaming agent;

The second step, the preparation steps of foamed cement insulation board:

According to the weight ratio, weigh 1-5: 20-40: 10-30: 10-20 sludge foaming agent, Portland cement, fly ash and water, stir in the mixer for 20-40 minutes, Foamed cement insulation boards were prepared in

The third step, the preparation step of the flexible facing material:

According to weight ratio, weigh 30-50: 20-40: 10-30: 10-20: 1-3: 1-3 modified sludge, heavy calcium carbonate, polymer emulsion, water, inorganic pigment and PP The fibers are put into a mixer and stirred evenly at a speed of 100r/min to obtain a flexible facing material;

The particle diameter of the above-mentioned heavy calcium carbonate is ≤0.08mm, and the length of the above-mentioned PP fiber is 20-30mm;

The fourth step, the preparation steps of the thermal insulation veneer:

Spray the prepared flexible facing material on the foamed cement insulation board with a high-pressure spray gun, place it at 50-80°C for 3-5 hours, release the mold, and water it for 12-48 hours to obtain a decorative insulation board.

The technical effects directly brought by the above-mentioned technical scheme are: 1. The whole production process is simple and consumes less energy; 2. The addition of polymer emulsion will form an impermeable film to wrap the sludge particles, so that the final product can obtain a relatively On the basis of good waterproof performance, it is guaranteed that the heavy metal components that may be contained in the sludge will not be leached out due to long-term rainwater soaking or washing during its use;

Moreover, the introduction of high-viscosity attapulgite clay powder and active attapulgite clay powder with crystals arranged in a network, and mixed with organic matter-rich, porous river sludge for the production of sludge foaming agent, in the whole In the reaction system, each raw material has good dispersion under external stirring, and has strong water acceptance and discharge performance. The prepared sludge foaming agent has high surface activity, high foaming ratio, and good foam stability. Low bleeding.

3. Due to the porous honeycomb structure of river sludge and fly ash particles, it has high porosity, large specific surface area and high adsorption activity.

Therefore, the prepared foamed cement insulation board has a relatively high void ratio, and its thermal insulation performance is better than that of the decorative and thermal insulation integrated board in the prior art.

4. The particle fineness of inorganic powder after ball milling is ≤0.05mm. The particle size of each component is consistent through ball milling, and the foaming agent prepared has better foaming effect, uniform and dense foaming, and high strength.

Preferably, the above polymer emulsion is one or more of multi-component copolymer emulsion, silicone-modified acrylate emulsion, methyl methacrylate and ethyl acetate.

The technical effect directly brought by this preferred technical solution is that the multi-component copolymer emulsion, the silicone-modified acrylate emulsion, methyl methacrylate and ethyl acetate all have good adhesion and good film-forming properties.

Further preferably, the above-mentioned modified sludge is river sludge modified by adding a titanate coupling agent;

The added amount of the titanate coupling agent is 0.85-1.35% of the weight of the river sludge.

The technical effect directly brought by this preferred technical solution is that, on the one hand, the titanate coupling agent is a surface treatment agent for inorganic materials with excellent properties, which can improve the mechanical properties of the product, especially the impact strength and elongation, and at the same time It can improve the surface finish of the finished product, and it has high reactivity, good dispersibility, good thermal stability, no foaming when blowing the film, and easy dispersion of fillers; the addition of titanate coupling agent can improve the fluidity of sludge, and Improve the impact strength of late composite materials. The number of functional groups of the modified sludge increases, which is conducive to the reaction with the organic polymer material PP fiber, and the resulting flexible facing material has the advantages of good elasticity and easy shape.

On the other hand, it is suitable for the surface treatment of both inorganic heavy calcium carbonate and organic PP fibers.

Further preferably, the nozzle outlet diameter of the above-mentioned high-pressure spray gun is 2.5-10mm, and the spraying air pressure is 0.2Mpa.

The technical effect directly brought by this optimal technical solution is that the matching selection of nozzle aperture and spraying air pressure is conducive to the uniformity of dispersion of the flexible decorative material with low viscosity and ensures the quality of spraying.

In summary, the present invention uses sludge as the main basic raw material to prepare foaming agents and foamed cement boards and flexible facing materials respectively, and uses a spraying process to directly spray the flexible facing materials on the foamed cement boards. The surface method is used to prepare the decorative and thermal insulation integrated board. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

1. The process is simple, the production efficiency is high, the source of raw materials is wide, and the energy consumption in the production process is small.

2. On the one hand, the thermal conductivity of the prepared decorative and thermal insulation integrated board is ≤0.024W/m·k, and the apparent density is ≤3.78Kg/m ² , which has excellent thermal insulation effect, rich decorative colors, high strength, light weight and energy saving. performance;

On the other hand, it has good adhesion to cement mortar, and its bonding strength is as high as 0.25-0.3 MPa, which is suitable for quick construction, and the raw materials of the insulation layer and the decorative layer are from the same source, with good compatibility, and the overall physical and chemical performance indicators are more stable;

More importantly, the insulation layer and the decoration layer of the decorative insulation integrated board are integrated with each other. This structural form of "soft outside and rigid inside, combined inside and outside into a whole" has a simple structure and effectively solves the gap between the decorative outer layer and the thermal insulation inner layer of the "sandwich layer" structural form of the prior art. , due to different materials and inconsistent thermal expansion coefficients, after long-term use, it is prone to peeling, bubbling, and deformation of the inner and outer layers, which will lead to problems and deficiencies such as poor thermal insulation effect and shortened service life;

Moreover, the flexible facing material has high strength, good tensile performance, good waterproof and air permeability, which ensures that the thermal insulation and decoration integrated board has the characteristics of superior weather resistance and long service life.

3. Realize the harmless and resourceful treatment of sludge, and effectively reduce the production cost of thermal insulation and decorative integrated panels.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

Description: In each of the following examples:

1. The sludge used is river sludge, its water content is ≤15%, and its main chemical composition and percentage are SiO ₂ 48%, Al ₂ O ₃ 12.5%, Fe ₂ O ₃ 5%, CaO 4%, MgO2.5%, loss on ignition is 7.5%;

2. The particle size of the ground calcium carbonate used is ≤0.08mm;

3. The length of the PP fiber used is 20-30mm.

Example 1

The experimental method is as follows:

Step 1: Weigh 20kg of sludge granules, 5kg of high-viscosity attapulgite clay powder, 10kg of active attapulgite clay powder, 1kg of sodium lauryl sulfate, 1kg of sodium percarbonate, 0.1kg of sodium polyacrylate, and 1kg of sodium pyrophosphate and 0.1kg polynaphthalene sodium sulfonate, after being stirred in a mixer, be transported to a ball mill for grinding to obtain a sludge blowing agent;

Step 2: take by weighing 1kg of sludge blowing agent, 20kg of Portland cement, 10kg of fly ash, and 10kg of water, stir in a mixer for 20 minutes and then drop into the mold to make a foamed cement insulation board;

Step 3: Weigh 30kg of modified sludge, 20kg of heavy calcium carbonate, 10kg of polymer emulsion, 10kg of water, 1kg of inorganic pigment, and 1kg of PP fiber, and stir evenly at a speed of 100r/min to obtain a flexible facing material;

Step 4: Spray the flexible decorative material on the above-mentioned foam insulation board through a high-pressure spray gun, place it at 50°C for 5 hours, release the mold, and water it for 12 hours to prepare a decorative insulation board.

Example 2

The experimental method is as follows:

Step 1, weigh 35kg sludge granules, 7kg high-viscosity attapulgite clay powder, 20kg active attapulgite clay powder, 10kg sodium lauryl sulfate, 8kg sodium percarbonate, 1.5kg sodium polyacrylate, 2kg sodium pyrophosphate And 2kg polynaphthalene sodium sulfonate, after being stirred in the blender, be transported in the ball mill and carry out grinding, make the sludge blowing agent;

Step 2, weighing 3kg of sludge foaming agent, 30kg of Portland cement, 20kg of fly ash, and 15kg of water were stirred in a mixer for 30 minutes and then dropped into a mold to obtain a foamed cement insulation board;

Step 3, take by weighing 40kg of modified sludge, 30kg of heavy calcium carbonate, 20kg of polymer emulsion, 15kg of water, 2kg of inorganic pigments, and 2kg of PP fiber, and stir evenly at a rotating speed of 100r/min to obtain a flexible facing material;

Step 4: Spray the flexible decorative material on the above-mentioned foam insulation board through a high-pressure spray gun, place it at 65°C for 4 hours, release the mold, and water it for 24 hours to prepare a decorative insulation board.

Example 3

The experimental method is as follows:

Step 1, take by weighing 50kg sludge granules, 10kg high-viscosity attapulgite clay powder, 30kg active attapulgite clay powder, 20kg sodium lauryl sulfate, 15kg sodium percarbonate, 3kg sodium polyacrylate, 3kg sodium pyrophosphate and 3kg of sodium polynaphthalene sulfonate is transported to a ball mill for grinding after stirring in a blender to obtain a sludge blowing agent;

Step 2, weighing 5kg of sludge blowing agent, 40kg of Portland cement, 30kg of fly ash, 20kg of water, stirring in a mixer for 40 minutes, and then dropping into a mold to prepare a foamed cement insulation board;

Step 3, take by weighing 50kg of modified sludge, 40kg of heavy calcium carbonate, 30kg of polymer emulsion, 20kg of water, 3kg of inorganic pigments, and 3kg of PP fiber, and stir evenly at a speed of 100r/min to obtain a flexible facing material;

Step 4: Spray the flexible decorative material on the above-mentioned foam insulation board through a high-pressure spray gun, place it at 80°C for 3 hours, release the mold, and water it for 48 hours to prepare a decorative insulation board.

After inspection, the prepared decorative and thermal insulation integrated board has thermal conductivity ≤0.024W/m·k, apparent density ≤3.78Kg/m ² , and bonding strength with cement mortar is between 0.25-0.3MPa.

Claims (5)

1. a heat insulation facing integrated board is layer structure, comprises insulation layer and decorative layer, it is characterized in that, coefficient of thermal conductivity≤0.024W/mk, apparent density≤3.78Kg/m ², be 0.25-0.3MPa with the adhesion strength of cement mortar;

One of main raw materials of described insulation layer and decorative layer is river sludge;

Described river sludge moisture content≤15%, its main chemical compositions and percentage composition are respectively SiO ₂48%, Al ₂o ₃12.5%, Fe ₂o ₃5%, CaO4%, MgO2.5%, loss on ignition is 7.5%.

2. a preparation method for heat insulation facing integrated board as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

The first step, sludge foaming agent preparation process:

By weight, take 20-50 ︰ 5-10 ︰ 10-30 ︰ 1:20 ︰ 1-15: ︰ 0.1-3 ︰ 0.1-3 ︰ 0.1-3 river sludge particle, high sticky Concave-convex clay rod powder, activated attapulgite powder, lauryl sodium sulfate, SODIUM PERCARBONATE, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium pyrophosphate and poly-naphthalene formaldehyde sulfonate respectively, be stirred in mixer evenly, enter grinding in ball mill and, to particle diameter≤0.05mm, obtain sludge foaming agent;

Second step, cement insulation board preparation process:

By weight, take the agent of 1-5 ︰ 20-40 ︰ 10-30 ︰ 10-20 sludge foaming, portland cement, flyash and water respectively, in mixer, stir 20-40 minute, in a mold obtained cement insulation board;

3rd step, flexible finish material preparation process:

By weight, take 30-50 ︰ 20-40 ︰ 10-30 ︰ 10-20 ︰ 1-3 ︰ 1-3 modified sewage sludge, powdered whiting, macromolecule emulsion, water, inorganic pigment and PP fiber respectively, enter mixer, stir under 100r/min rotating speed, obtained flexible finish material;

Particle diameter≤the 0.08mm of above-mentioned powdered whiting, the length of above-mentioned PP fiber is 20-30mm;

4th step, the preparation process of body heat insulation veneer:

Obtained flexible finish material is sprayed in above-mentioned cement insulation board by high-pressure spray gun, depanning place 3-5h at 50-80 DEG C of temperature after, water seasoning 12-48h, obtained decorative heat-preservation plate.

3. the preparation method of heat insulation facing integrated board according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described macromolecule emulsion is one or more in multi-copolymerization emulsion, organosilicon-modified acrylate emulsion, methyl methacrylate and ethyl acetate.

4. the preparation method of heat insulation facing integrated board according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described modified sewage sludge is add the river sludge that titanate coupling agent carries out modification;

The addition of described titanate coupling agent is the 0.85-1.35% of described river sludge weight.

5., according to the preparation method of the arbitrary described heat insulation facing integrated board of claim 2-4, it is characterized in that, the nozzle outlet diameter of described high-pressure spray gun is 2.5-10mm, and spraying air pressure is 0.2Mpa.