CN104506138B - A kind of device for analog solar battery C-V characteristic - Google Patents
A kind of device for analog solar battery C-V characteristic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置，其装置包括有调压器、半波整流单元、滤波单元、参考电流设置单元和参考电压设置单元。本发明利用调压器供电，依据二极管的伏安特性设置开路电压，串联一个可变电阻来调节短路电流。本发明设计的模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置代替了原有太阳能光伏发电系统中的太阳能电池方阵。在进行交直流混合太阳能光伏发电系统的研发过程中，可以不受自然条件的限制，能够缩短研发周期，降低开发成本。
The invention discloses a device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristic of a solar cell, which comprises a voltage regulator, a half-wave rectification unit, a filter unit, a reference current setting unit and a reference voltage setting unit. The invention utilizes a voltage regulator to supply power, sets the open-circuit voltage according to the volt-ampere characteristic of the diode, and adjusts the short-circuit current by connecting a variable resistor in series. The device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of solar cells designed by the invention replaces the square array of solar cells in the original solar photovoltaic power generation system. In the research and development process of the AC-DC hybrid solar photovoltaic power generation system, it is not restricted by natural conditions, can shorten the research and development cycle, and reduce the development cost.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种用于模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置，属于光伏测试技术领域。The invention relates to a device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of solar cells, which belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic testing.
背景技术Background technique
太阳能电池是通过光电效应或者光化学效应直接把光能转化成电能的装置。太阳能发电所使用的能量是太阳能，而由半导体器件构成的太阳能电池是太阳能发电的重要部件。A solar cell is a device that directly converts light energy into electrical energy through the photoelectric effect or photochemical effect. The energy used in solar power generation is solar energy, and solar cells composed of semiconductor devices are important components of solar power generation.
太阳能光伏发电系统分为直流系统、交流系统和交直流混合系统，其主要区别是系统中是否带有逆变器。一般来说，太阳能光伏发电系统主要是由太阳能电池方阵、太阳能控制器、蓄电池(组)组成的。参考2009年9月第1版，王志娟主编的《太阳能光伏技术》，第6页介绍了太阳能光伏发电系统的结构。Solar photovoltaic power generation system is divided into DC system, AC system and AC-DC hybrid system, the main difference is whether there is an inverter in the system. Generally speaking, a solar photovoltaic power generation system is mainly composed of a solar cell array, a solar controller, and a battery (group). Refer to the first edition in September 2009, "Solar Photovoltaic Technology" edited by Wang Zhijuan, page 6 introduces the structure of the solar photovoltaic power generation system.
随着能源问题越来越突出，太阳能等可再生能源逐渐成为人类关注的焦点。时至今日，人类对太阳能光伏系统的研究越来越深入广泛，但是在太阳能光伏系统的研发过程中，如果以真实的太阳能电池方阵作为太阳能光伏系统组成部分，太阳能光伏系统的开发将受到自然条件的极大限制。由于太阳能电池受光照强度、环境温度影响较大，同时购买电池板比较昂贵，也无法24小时工作，导致实验成本过高，开发周期变长，所以研发替代太阳能电池方阵特性的电源变得尤为重要。As energy issues become more and more prominent, renewable energy such as solar energy has gradually become the focus of human attention. Today, the research on solar photovoltaic system has become more and more in-depth and extensive. However, in the process of research and development of solar photovoltaic system, if the real solar cell square array is used as a component of solar photovoltaic system, the development of solar photovoltaic system will be affected by nature. very restrictive conditions. Since solar cells are greatly affected by light intensity and ambient temperature, and it is expensive to purchase solar panels, they cannot work 24 hours a day, resulting in high experimental costs and longer development cycles. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop power supplies that replace the characteristics of solar cell arrays. important.
发明内容Contents of the invention
在太阳能光伏发电系统的研发过程中，为了克服太阳能电池方阵受自然环境的影响，本发明设计了一种用于模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置。通过使用本发明装置，使得太阳能光伏发电系统的开发周期缩短、研发成本降低。In the research and development process of the solar photovoltaic power generation system, in order to overcome the influence of the solar cell square array by the natural environment, the present invention designs a device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of the solar cell. By using the device of the invention, the development cycle of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is shortened, and the research and development cost is reduced.
本发明的技术方案是：利用调压器供电，依据二极管的伏安特性设置开路电压，串联一个可变电阻来调节短路电流。The technical scheme of the invention is: using a voltage regulator to supply power, setting the open circuit voltage according to the volt-ampere characteristic of the diode, and connecting a variable resistor in series to adjust the short circuit current.
本发明的一种用于模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置，该模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置代替了太阳能光伏发电系统中的太阳能电池方阵；其特征在于：模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置包括有调压器、半波整流单元、滤波单元、参考电流设置单元和参考电压设置单元；A device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of solar cells of the present invention, the device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of solar cells replaces the solar cell square array in the solar photovoltaic power generation system; it is characterized in that: the device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of solar cells Including a voltage regulator, a half-wave rectification unit, a filter unit, a reference current setting unit and a reference voltage setting unit;
所述调压器第一方面用于与220V的市电连接；第二方面输出交流电压Vin给半波整流单元；The first aspect of the voltage regulator is used to connect with the 220V mains; the second aspect outputs the AC voltage V in to the half-wave rectifier unit;
所述半波整流单元对接收到的交流电压Vin进行半波整流，输出脉动的直流电压Va；The half-wave rectification unit performs half-wave rectification on the received AC voltage V in , and outputs a pulsating DC voltage V a ;
所述滤波单元对脉动的直流电压Va进行滤波，得到平稳的直流电压Vb；The filter unit filters the pulsating DC voltage V a to obtain a stable DC voltage V b ;
所述参考电流设置单元对平稳的直流电压Vb进行短路电流设置，得到限流参考电压Vc；The reference current setting unit performs short-circuit current setting on the stable DC voltage V b to obtain a current-limiting reference voltage V c ;
所述参考电压设置单元对限流参考电压Vc进行开路电压的设置，从而输出满足控制器所需的模拟电压Vout。The reference voltage setting unit sets the open-circuit voltage of the current-limiting reference voltage Vc , so as to output an analog voltage Vout meeting the requirements of the controller.
本发明模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置相比实际的太阳能电池方阵的优点在于：Compared with the actual solar cell square array, the device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of solar cells in the present invention has the following advantages:
①在进行交直流混合太阳能光伏发电系统的研发过程中，可以不受自然条件的限制，能够缩短研发周期，降低开发成本。① During the research and development process of the AC-DC hybrid solar photovoltaic power generation system, it is not restricted by natural conditions, which can shorten the research and development cycle and reduce the development cost.
②在模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置利用串联多个二极管来进行开路电压的设置，配合大功率可变电阻器调节短路电流，实现了不同额定功率、额定电压等级的太阳能电池。②In the device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of solar cells, multiple diodes in series are used to set the open-circuit voltage, and the high-power variable resistors are used to adjust the short-circuit current to realize solar cells with different rated power and rated voltage levels.
③搭建模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置原理简单，易操作，费用低。③The principle of building a device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of solar cells is simple, easy to operate, and low in cost.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是传统交直流混合太阳能光伏发电系统的结构框图。Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a traditional AC-DC hybrid solar photovoltaic power generation system.
图2是本发明模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置的结构框图。Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of the device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of solar cells in the present invention.
图3是本发明的第一种实现方式的电路原理图。Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the first implementation of the present invention.
图4是本发明的第二种实现方式的电路原理图。Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second implementation of the present invention.
图5是本发明的第三种实现方式的电路原理图。Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a third implementation of the present invention.
图6是本发明的第四种实现方式的电路原理图。Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a fourth implementation of the present invention.
图7是本发明模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置的不同开路电压伏安特性曲线图。Fig. 7 is a curve diagram of different open-circuit voltage volt-ampere characteristics of the device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristic of solar cells according to the present invention.
图8是本发明模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置的不同短路电流伏安特性曲线图。Fig. 8 is a curve diagram of different short-circuit current volt-ampere characteristics of the device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristic of solar cells according to the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
根据王志娟主编的《太阳能光伏技术》，第6页介绍了太阳能光伏发电系统的结构，在本发明中引为图1所示。在图1中，太阳能电池方阵是太阳能光伏发电系统的核心部分，也是太阳能光伏发电系统中价值最高的部分。其作用是将太阳的辐射能转换为电能、或送住蓄电池中储存起来，或推动负载工作。为了实现短研发周期、低成本的太阳能光伏发电系统的研发，本发明设计了一种用于模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置，该装置代替了原有太阳能光伏发电系统中的太阳能电池方阵。本发明利用调压器供电，依据二极管的伏安特性，串联一个可变电阻来实现一种低成本的近似太阳能电池伏安特性模拟器。According to "Solar Photovoltaic Technology" edited by Wang Zhijuan, the structure of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is introduced on page 6, which is cited as shown in FIG. 1 in the present invention. In Figure 1, the solar cell square array is the core part of the solar photovoltaic power generation system, and it is also the most valuable part of the solar photovoltaic power generation system. Its function is to convert the sun's radiation energy into electrical energy, or send it to the battery for storage, or push the load to work. In order to realize the research and development of a short-term and low-cost solar photovoltaic power generation system, the present invention designs a device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of solar cells, which replaces the solar cell square array in the original solar photovoltaic power generation system. The invention utilizes a voltage regulator to supply power, and according to the volt-ampere characteristic of the diode, connects a variable resistor in series to realize a low-cost simulator that approximates the volt-ampere characteristic of the solar battery.
参见图2所示，本发明设计的一种用于模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置，其装置包括有调压器、半波整流单元、滤波单元、参考电流设置单元和参考电压设置单元；Referring to Fig. 2, a kind of device that the present invention designs is used for simulating the volt-ampere characteristic of solar cell, and its device includes voltage regulator, half-wave rectification unit, filtering unit, reference current setting unit and reference voltage setting unit;
所述调压器第一方面用于与220V的市电连接；第二方面输出交流电压Vin给半波整流单元；The first aspect of the voltage regulator is used to connect with the 220V mains; the second aspect outputs the AC voltage V in to the half-wave rectifier unit;
所述半波整流单元对接收到的交流电压Vin进行半波整流，输出脉动的直流电压Va；The half-wave rectification unit performs half-wave rectification on the received AC voltage V in , and outputs a pulsating DC voltage V a ;
所述滤波单元对脉动的直流电压Va进行滤波，得到平稳的直流电压Vb；The filter unit filters the pulsating DC voltage V a to obtain a stable DC voltage V b ;
所述参考电流设置单元对平稳的直流电压Vb进行短路电流设置，得到限流的参考电压Vc；The reference current setting unit performs short-circuit current setting on the stable DC voltage V b to obtain a current-limited reference voltage V c ;
所述参考电压设置单元对限流的参考电压Vc进行开路电压的设置，从而输出满足控制器所需的模拟电压Vout。The reference voltage setting unit sets the open-circuit voltage of the current-limited reference voltage V c , so as to output an analog voltage V out meeting the requirements of the controller.
在本发明中，利用调压器模拟太阳光源，不同的输出电压即代表不同的光强。利用二极管半波整流，将输入交流转化为直流输出。在滤波单元中利用电容滤波，实现方式简单可控。利用串联功率电阻限制短路电流，调节方便。利用二极管伏安特性模拟太阳能电池输出，串联二极管个数不一样，则开路电压不一样。In the present invention, a voltage regulator is used to simulate a solar light source, and different output voltages represent different light intensities. Using diode half-wave rectification, the input AC is converted into a DC output. Capacitor filtering is used in the filter unit, and the realization method is simple and controllable. The short-circuit current is limited by series power resistors, and the adjustment is convenient. Use the volt-ampere characteristics of diodes to simulate the output of solar cells. If the number of diodes in series is different, the open circuit voltage will be different.
实施例1Example 1
参见图3、图7、图8所示，一种模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置的具体实现电路是由调压器T1、半波整流二极管D0、电容C1、电容C2、电阻R0、大功率可变电阻器件R1以及10个二极管组成；其中，10个二极管的标识号分别是指，二极管D1、二极管D2、二极管D3、二极管D4、二极管D5、二极管D11、二极管D12、二极管D13、二极管D14和二极管D15。Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8, a specific implementation circuit of a device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of a solar cell is composed of a voltage regulator T1, a half-wave rectifier diode D0, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R0, and a high-power The variable resistance device R1 is composed of 10 diodes; wherein, the identification numbers of the 10 diodes refer to diode D1, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, diode D11, diode D12, diode D13, diode D14 and Diode D15.
模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置一方面通过电源接口U1与220V市电连接，另一方面通过输出接口U2与控制器连接。The device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of the solar battery is connected to the 220V mains through the power interface U1 on the one hand, and connected to the controller through the output interface U2 on the other hand.
调压器T1的输入端接220V市电，输出端接半波整流二极管D0的一端，调压器T1的接地端接地；The input terminal of the voltage regulator T1 is connected to 220V mains, the output terminal is connected to one end of the half-wave rectifier diode D0, and the ground terminal of the voltage regulator T1 is grounded;
二极管D0的一端接调压器T1的输出端；二极管D0的另一端与大功率可变电阻器R1的一端连接；One end of the diode D0 is connected to the output end of the voltage regulator T1; the other end of the diode D0 is connected to one end of the high-power variable resistor R1;
电阻R0、电容C1、电容C2构成滤波电路；二极管D0的另一端经电阻R0接地；Resistor R0, capacitor C1, and capacitor C2 form a filter circuit; the other end of diode D0 is grounded through resistor R0;
二极管D0的另一端经电容C2接地；The other end of the diode D0 is grounded through the capacitor C2;
二极管D0的另一端经电容C1接地；The other end of the diode D0 is grounded through the capacitor C1;
大功率可变电阻器R1的一端与二极管D0的另一端连接，大功率可变电阻器R1的另一端与输出接口U2连接；One end of the high-power variable resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the diode D0, and the other end of the high-power variable resistor R1 is connected to the output interface U2;
大功率可变电阻器R1的另一端与二极管D1的一端连接，二极管D1的另一端顺次串联连接二极管D2、二极管D3、二极管D4、二极管D5、二极管D15、二极管D14、二极管D13、二极管D12和二极管D11；二极管D11的另一端接地。The other end of the high-power variable resistor R1 is connected to one end of the diode D1, and the other end of the diode D1 is sequentially connected in series with diode D2, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, diode D15, diode D14, diode D13, diode D12 and Diode D11; the other end of diode D11 is grounded.
在图3所示的电路原理图中，调压器T1的输出电压经过二极管D0半波整流，及电容C1、电容C2滤波，电容(C1、C2)两端输出电压随着调压器T1的输出电压变化而变化，调压器T1输出电压越大，即可认为太阳光强越大，电阻R0是放电电阻，大功率可变电阻器R1能够限制太阳能电池的短路电流，当参考电压设置单元中的多个串联的二极管的输出端短路时，短路电流即为电容(C1、C2)两端电压除以大功率可变电阻器R1的阻值，如图8所示。串联的二极管(D1～D5、D11～D15)用于限制太阳能电池开路电压，这是由实际二极管的伏安特性决定的。当任意一个二极管两端施加正向偏置电压时，二极管中就有正向电流通过，随着正向偏置电压的增加，开始时，电流随电压变化很缓慢，而当正向偏置电压接近其导通电压时，电流急剧增加，二极管导通，电压少许变化，电流的变化都很大。如图7所示的本发明参考电压设置单元利用二极管的这一特性，当二极管(D1～D5、D11～D15、D21～D25、D31～D35、D41～D45、D51～D55、D61～D65、D71～D75、D81～D85、D91～D95)两端电压达到导通压降时，再增大调压器T1的输出，二极管(D1～D5、D11～D15、D21～D25、D31～D35、D41～D45、D51～D55、D61～D65、D71～D75、D81～D85、D91～D95)的两端电压变化很小，所以，串联二极管的导通压降即可模拟为太阳能电池的开路电压。In the schematic diagram of the circuit shown in Figure 3, the output voltage of the voltage regulator T1 is half-wave rectified by the diode D0, and filtered by the capacitor C1 and capacitor C2, and the output voltage at both ends of the capacitor (C1, C2) follows the voltage regulator T1 The output voltage changes, the greater the output voltage of the voltage regulator T1, the greater the intensity of sunlight, the resistor R0 is a discharge resistor, and the high-power variable resistor R1 can limit the short-circuit current of the solar cell. When the reference voltage setting unit When the output ends of multiple diodes connected in series are short-circuited, the short-circuit current is the voltage across the capacitors (C1, C2) divided by the resistance of the high-power variable resistor R1, as shown in FIG. 8 . The diodes (D1~D5, D11~D15) connected in series are used to limit the open circuit voltage of the solar cell, which is determined by the volt-ampere characteristic of the actual diode. When a forward bias voltage is applied across any diode, a forward current flows through the diode. As the forward bias voltage increases, the current changes slowly with the voltage at the beginning, and when the forward bias voltage When it is close to its conduction voltage, the current increases sharply, the diode conducts, the voltage changes slightly, and the current changes greatly. The reference voltage setting unit of the present invention as shown in FIG. When the voltage across D71～D75, D81～D85, D91～D95) reaches the conduction voltage drop, then increase the output of voltage regulator T1, diodes (D1～D5, D11～D15, D21～D25, D31～D35, D41～D45, D51～D55, D61～D65, D71～D75, D81～D85, D91～D95) have little change in the voltage at both ends, so the conduction voltage drop of the series diode can be simulated as the open circuit voltage of the solar cell .
实施例2Example 2
参见图4、图7所示，一种模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置的具体实现电路是由调压器T1、半波整流二极管D0、电容C1、电容C2、电阻R0、大功率可变电阻器件R1以及20个二极管组成；其中，10个二极管的标识号分别是指，二极管D1、二极管D2、二极管D3、二极管D4、二极管D5、二极管D11、二极管D12、二极管D13、二极管D14、二极管D15、二极管D21、二极管D22、二极管D23、二极管D24、二极管D25、二极管D31、二极管D32、二极管D33、二极管D34和二极管D35。Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 7, a specific implementation circuit of a device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of a solar cell is composed of a voltage regulator T1, a half-wave rectifier diode D0, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R0, and a high-power variable resistor Device R1 and 20 diodes; among them, the identification numbers of 10 diodes refer to diode D1, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, diode D11, diode D12, diode D13, diode D14, diode D15, Diode D21, diode D22, diode D23, diode D24, diode D25, diode D31, diode D32, diode D33, diode D34, and diode D35.
模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置一方面通过电源接口U1与220V市电连接，另一方面通过输出接口U2与控制器连接。The device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of the solar battery is connected to the 220V mains through the power interface U1 on the one hand, and connected to the controller through the output interface U2 on the other hand.
调压器T1的输入端接220V市电，输出端接半波整流二极管D0的一端，调压器T1的接地端接地；The input terminal of the voltage regulator T1 is connected to 220V mains, the output terminal is connected to one end of the half-wave rectifier diode D0, and the ground terminal of the voltage regulator T1 is grounded;
二极管D0的一端接调压器T1的输出端；二极管D0的另一端与大功率可变电阻器R1的一端连接；One end of the diode D0 is connected to the output end of the voltage regulator T1; the other end of the diode D0 is connected to one end of the high-power variable resistor R1;
电阻R0、电容C1、电容C2构成滤波电路；二极管D0的另一端经电阻R0接地；Resistor R0, capacitor C1, and capacitor C2 form a filter circuit; the other end of diode D0 is grounded through resistor R0;
二极管D0的另一端经电容C2接地；The other end of the diode D0 is grounded through the capacitor C2;
二极管D0的另一端经电容C1接地；The other end of the diode D0 is grounded through the capacitor C1;
大功率可变电阻器R1的一端与二极管D0的另一端连接，大功率可变电阻器R1的另一端与输出接口U2连接；One end of the high-power variable resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the diode D0, and the other end of the high-power variable resistor R1 is connected to the output interface U2;
大功率可变电阻器R1的另一端与二极管D1的一端连接，二极管D1的另一端顺次串联连接二极管D2、二极管D3、二极管D4、二极管D5、二极管D15、二极管D14、二极管D13、二极管D12、二极管D11、二极管D21、二极管D22、二极管D23、二极管D24、二极管D25、二极管D35、二极管D34、二极管D33、二极管D32和二极管D31，二极管D31的另一端接地。The other end of the high-power variable resistor R1 is connected to one end of the diode D1, and the other end of the diode D1 is sequentially connected in series with diodes D2, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, diode D15, diode D14, diode D13, diode D12, The diode D11, the diode D21, the diode D22, the diode D23, the diode D24, the diode D25, the diode D35, the diode D34, the diode D33, the diode D32 and the diode D31, and the other end of the diode D31 is grounded.
实施例3Example 3
参见图5、图7所示，一种模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置的具体实现电路是由调压器T1、半波整流二极管D0、电容C1、电容C2、电阻R0、大功率可变电阻器件R1以及30个二极管组成；其中，10个二极管的标识号分别是指，二极管D1、二极管D2、二极管D3、二极管D4、二极管D5、二极管D11、二极管D12、二极管D13、二极管D14、二极管D15、二极管D21、二极管D22、二极管D23、二极管D24、二极管D25、二极管D31、二极管D32、二极管D33、二极管D34、二极管D35、二极管D41、二极管D42、二极管D43、二极管D44、二极管D45、二极管D51、二极管D52、二极管D53、二极管D54和二极管D55。Referring to Fig. 5 and Fig. 7, a specific implementation circuit of a device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of a solar cell is composed of a voltage regulator T1, a half-wave rectifier diode D0, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R0, and a high-power variable resistor Device R1 and 30 diodes; among them, the identification numbers of 10 diodes refer to diode D1, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, diode D11, diode D12, diode D13, diode D14, diode D15, Diode D21, Diode D22, Diode D23, Diode D24, Diode D25, Diode D31, Diode D32, Diode D33, Diode D34, Diode D35, Diode D41, Diode D42, Diode D43, Diode D44, Diode D45, Diode D51, Diode D52 , diode D53, diode D54 and diode D55.
模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置一方面通过电源接口U1与220V市电连接，另一方面通过输出接口U2与控制器连接。The device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of the solar battery is connected to the 220V mains through the power interface U1 on the one hand, and connected to the controller through the output interface U2 on the other hand.
调压器T1的输入端接220V市电，输出端接半波整流二极管D0的一端，调压器T1的接地端接地；The input terminal of the voltage regulator T1 is connected to 220V mains, the output terminal is connected to one end of the half-wave rectifier diode D0, and the ground terminal of the voltage regulator T1 is grounded;
二极管D0的一端接调压器T1的输出端；二极管D0的另一端与大功率可变电阻器R1的一端连接；One end of the diode D0 is connected to the output end of the voltage regulator T1; the other end of the diode D0 is connected to one end of the high-power variable resistor R1;
电阻R0、电容C1、电容C2构成滤波电路；二极管D0的另一端经电阻R0接地；Resistor R0, capacitor C1, and capacitor C2 form a filter circuit; the other end of diode D0 is grounded through resistor R0;
二极管D0的另一端经电容C2接地；The other end of the diode D0 is grounded through the capacitor C2;
二极管D0的另一端经电容C1接地；The other end of the diode D0 is grounded through the capacitor C1;
大功率可变电阻器R1的一端与二极管D0的另一端连接，大功率可变电阻器R1的另一端与输出接口U2连接；One end of the high-power variable resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the diode D0, and the other end of the high-power variable resistor R1 is connected to the output interface U2;
大功率可变电阻器R1的另一端与二极管D1的一端连接，二极管D1的另一端顺次串联连接二极管D2、二极管D3、二极管D4、二极管D5、二极管D15、二极管D14、二极管D13、二极管D12、二极管D11、二极管D21、二极管D22、二极管D23、二极管D24、二极管D25、二极管D35、二极管D34、二极管D33、二极管D32、二极管D31、二极管D41、二极管D42、二极管D43、二极管D44、二极管D45、二极管D55、二极管D54、二极管D53、二极管D52和二极管D51，二极管D51的另一端接地。The other end of the high-power variable resistor R1 is connected to one end of the diode D1, and the other end of the diode D1 is sequentially connected in series with diodes D2, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, diode D15, diode D14, diode D13, diode D12, Diode D11, Diode D21, Diode D22, Diode D23, Diode D24, Diode D25, Diode D35, Diode D34, Diode D33, Diode D32, Diode D31, Diode D41, Diode D42, Diode D43, Diode D44, Diode D45, Diode D55 , diode D54, diode D53, diode D52 and diode D51, and the other end of diode D51 is grounded.
实施例4Example 4
参见图6、图7所示，一种模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置的具体实现电路是由调压器T1、半波整流二极管D0、电容C1、电容C2、电阻R0、大功率可变电阻器件R1以及50个二极管组成；其中，10个二极管的标识号分别是指，二极管D1、二极管D2、二极管D3、二极管D4、二极管D5、二极管D11、二极管D12、二极管D13、二极管D14、二极管D15、二极管D21、二极管D22、二极管D23、二极管D24、二极管D25、二极管D31、二极管D32、二极管D33、二极管D34、二极管D35、二极管D41、二极管D42、二极管D43、二极管D44、二极管D45、二极管D51、二极管D52、二极管D53、二极管D54、二极管D55、二极管D61、二极管D62、二极管D63、二极管D64、二极管D65、二极管D71、二极管D72、二极管D73、二极管D74、二极管D75、二极管D81、二极管D82、二极管D83、二极管D84、二极管D85、二极管D91、二极管D92、二极管D93、二极管D94和二极管D95。Referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, a specific implementation circuit of a device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of a solar cell is composed of a voltage regulator T1, a half-wave rectifier diode D0, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R0, and a high-power variable resistor Device R1 and 50 diodes; among them, the identification numbers of 10 diodes refer to diode D1, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, diode D11, diode D12, diode D13, diode D14, diode D15, Diode D21, Diode D22, Diode D23, Diode D24, Diode D25, Diode D31, Diode D32, Diode D33, Diode D34, Diode D35, Diode D41, Diode D42, Diode D43, Diode D44, Diode D45, Diode D51, Diode D52 , diode D53, diode D54, diode D55, diode D61, diode D62, diode D63, diode D64, diode D65, diode D71, diode D72, diode D73, diode D74, diode D75, diode D81, diode D82, diode D83, diode D84, diode D85, diode D91, diode D92, diode D93, diode D94, and diode D95.
模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置一方面通过电源接口U1与220V市电连接，另一方面通过输出接口U2与控制器连接。The device for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of the solar battery is connected to the 220V mains through the power interface U1 on the one hand, and connected to the controller through the output interface U2 on the other hand.
调压器T1的输入端接220V市电，输出端接半波整流二极管D0的一端，调压器T1的接地端接地；The input terminal of the voltage regulator T1 is connected to 220V mains, the output terminal is connected to one end of the half-wave rectifier diode D0, and the ground terminal of the voltage regulator T1 is grounded;
二极管D0的一端接调压器T1的输出端；二极管D0的另一端与大功率可变电阻器R1的一端连接；One end of the diode D0 is connected to the output end of the voltage regulator T1; the other end of the diode D0 is connected to one end of the high-power variable resistor R1;
电阻R0、电容C1、电容C2构成滤波电路；二极管D0的另一端经电阻R0接地；Resistor R0, capacitor C1, and capacitor C2 form a filter circuit; the other end of diode D0 is grounded through resistor R0;
二极管D0的另一端经电容C2接地；The other end of the diode D0 is grounded through the capacitor C2;
二极管D0的另一端经电容C1接地；The other end of the diode D0 is grounded through the capacitor C1;
大功率可变电阻器R1的一端与二极管D0的另一端连接，大功率可变电阻器R1的另一端与输出接口U2连接；One end of the high-power variable resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the diode D0, and the other end of the high-power variable resistor R1 is connected to the output interface U2;
大功率可变电阻器R1的另一端与二极管D1的一端连接，二极管D1的另一端顺次串联连接二极管D2、二极管D3、二极管D4、二极管D5、二极管D15、二极管D14、二极管D13、二极管D12、二极管D11、二极管D21、二极管D22、二极管D23、二极管D24、二极管D25、二极管D35、二极管D34、二极管D33、二极管D32、二极管D31、二极管D41、二极管D42、二极管D43、二极管D44、二极管D45、二极管D55、二极管D54、二极管D53、二极管D52、二极管D51、二极管D61、二极管D62、二极管D63、二极管D64、二极管D65、二极管D75、二极管D74、二极管D73、二极管D72、二极管D71、二极管D81、二极管D82、二极管D83、二极管D84、二极管D85、二极管D95、二极管D94、二极管D93、二极管D92和二极管D91，二极管D91的另一端接地。The other end of the high-power variable resistor R1 is connected to one end of the diode D1, and the other end of the diode D1 is sequentially connected in series with diodes D2, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, diode D15, diode D14, diode D13, diode D12, Diode D11, Diode D21, Diode D22, Diode D23, Diode D24, Diode D25, Diode D35, Diode D34, Diode D33, Diode D32, Diode D31, Diode D41, Diode D42, Diode D43, Diode D44, Diode D45, Diode D55 , Diode D54, Diode D53, Diode D52, Diode D51, Diode D61, Diode D62, Diode D63, Diode D64, Diode D65, Diode D75, Diode D74, Diode D73, Diode D72, Diode D71, Diode D81, Diode D82, Diode D83, diode D84, diode D85, diode D95, diode D94, diode D93, diode D92 and diode D91, the other end of diode D91 is grounded.
在本发明设计的用于模拟太阳能电池伏安特性的装置中，依据二极管的伏安特性设置开路电压(如图7)，串联一个可变电阻R1来调节短路电流(如图8)。根据太阳能电池的工程模型，短路电流近似等于太阳能电池的光电流，主要由光照条件所决定，而开路电压则近似为电池温度的一个线性函数。因此，光照条件和电池温度就可以简单地通过这两个参数的设置得到反映。所以在进行交直流混合太阳能光伏发电系统的研发过程中，应用本发明的装置可以不受自然条件的限制，能够缩短研发周期，降低开发成本。In the device designed in the present invention for simulating the volt-ampere characteristics of solar cells, the open-circuit voltage is set according to the volt-ampere characteristics of the diode (as shown in Figure 7), and a variable resistor R1 is connected in series to adjust the short-circuit current (as shown in Figure 8). According to the engineering model of the solar cell, the short-circuit current is approximately equal to the photocurrent of the solar cell, which is mainly determined by the light conditions, while the open-circuit voltage is approximately a linear function of the cell temperature. Therefore, light conditions and battery temperature can be simply reflected by the settings of these two parameters. Therefore, in the research and development process of the AC/DC hybrid solar photovoltaic power generation system, the device of the present invention is not limited by natural conditions, can shorten the research and development cycle, and reduce the development cost.
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