CN104502996A - Density curve correction method and system - Google Patents
Density curve correction method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104502996A CN104502996A CN201410814789.4A CN201410814789A CN104502996A CN 104502996 A CN104502996 A CN 104502996A CN 201410814789 A CN201410814789 A CN 201410814789A CN 104502996 A CN104502996 A CN 104502996A
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Abstract
The invention provides a density curve correction method and a density curve correction system. The method comprises the following steps of acquiring original well logging data; acquiring well logging curves according to the original well logging data, wherein the well logging curves comprise a gamma curve, an acoustic curve, a resistivity curve and a density curve; determining an abnormal value section of the density curve by combining actual lithologic drilling information according to the well logging curves; fitting the density curve to obtain a fitting expression by utilizing the gamma curve, the acoustic curve and the resistivity curve; correcting the abnormal value section of the density curve according to the fitting expression. According to the density curve correction method and the density curve correction system, a multi-curve fitting method is adopted, and a relationship between the other well logging curves and the density curve can be determined and expressed in a mathematical form; therefore, for the abnormal value section of the density curve, an abnormal value can be rapidly and accurately corrected by virtue of the relationship between the other well logging curves and the density curve.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to technical field of geophysical exploration, the logging technology particularly in geophysical survey, specifically be a kind of densimetric curve bearing calibration and system.
Background technology
Logging technology is a branch of geophysical exploration technology, can applied physics principle solve geological problem, and oil, rock gas, metallic ore, coalfield, engineering machine hydrogeology etc. many in be applied.Various excitation device and receiving equipment in the well of having drilled, can be placed in a steel pipe by logging technology.Wherein, excitation device and receiving equipment can keep the distance of several meters, and are connected on ground by cable.On the ground, by uniform descent cable with at the uniform velocity promote cable, excitation device and the position of receiving equipment in well can be changed neatly.In well, excitation device can the information of carrying out excite, and these information excited through borehole wall stratum, to be received by receiving equipment and by cable transmission in the memory device of ground.
In logging technology, density logging can carry out the measurement of well surrounding formation density.Density logging can arrange logging equipment in the well drilled.Logging equipment comprises the radioactive source and radioactivity seeker that are positioned at shield.The gamma rays directive borehole wall stratum sent by radioactive source, these gamma rayss can see high-velocity particles as, in the earth formation with electron collision.During each collision, gamma rays transferring energy loses part energy to electronics, and the gamma rays after energy reduces moves on and can be received by radioactivity seeker.The change of gamma rays energy can go on record as the instruction of density of earth formations, material is thus formed densimetric curve.Densimetric curve makes the requisite curve of synthetic seismic record, is parameter very important in geophysical seismic geological research.But density logging requires high to hole quality, all need to correct, otherwise its value often can not reflect the density feature on stratum accurately for expanding, the out-of-flatness borehole wall, be difficult to realize carrying out accurately predicting to reservoir.The correction of well logging densimetric curve is exactly utilize various way to correct the densimetric curve that there is exceptional value, reaches the object that curve can reflect the geophysical character on wellbore stratum accurately.
Correction at present to densimetric curve, generally includes following several method: one is the bearing calibration of Gardner equation.The log data that this process employs carries out statistical study, obtains the corresponding relation between compressional wave logging trace and density logging curve.But this method does not possess ubiquity, this corresponding relation obtained based on a large amount of Gulfian well data might not be applicable to the geological condition in other areas, is therefore difficult to realize the accurate correction to well logging densimetric curve.One is also had to be rock physical modeling forward modeling method.The parameter collection such as each mineral content, factor of porosity, saturation degree that this method needs obtain Log Strata evaluation process is complete, then petrophysical model is selected to carry out the modeling of P-and S-wave velocity, again by fine setting skeleton point parameter, make the correlativity that model data and measured data reach very high.Need repetition test in this method processing procedure, just can reach optimum efficiency, need a large amount of manpowers and device resource.And this method needs a large amount of core parameters, the well incomplete to core parameters, densimetric curve to correct and still carry out.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of densimetric curve bearing calibration and system, to reach the object accurately can carrying out densimetric curve correction.
A kind of densimetric curve bearing calibration that the embodiment of the present application provides and system are achieved in that
A kind of densimetric curve bearing calibration, comprising:
Gather raw log data;
According to described raw log data, obtain logging trace, described logging trace comprises gamma curve, sound wave curve, resistivity curve and densimetric curve;
According to described logging trace, and in conjunction with actual well drilled lithological information determination densimetric curve exceptional value section;
Utilize gamma curve, sound wave curve, resistivity curve to carry out matching to densimetric curve, obtain fitting expression;
According to described fitting expression, the densimetric curve of exceptional value section is corrected.
A kind of densimetric curve corrective system, comprising: raw log data collecting unit, logging trace acquiring unit, exceptional value section determining unit, fitting unit, correcting unit, wherein:
Described raw log data collecting unit, is used for gathering raw log data;
Described logging trace acquiring unit, is used for according to described raw log data, and obtain logging trace, described logging trace comprises gamma curve, sound wave curve, resistivity curve and densimetric curve;
Described exceptional value section determining unit, is used for according to described logging trace, and in conjunction with actual well drilled lithological information determination densimetric curve exceptional value section;
Described fitting unit, is used for utilizing gamma curve, sound wave curve, resistivity curve to carry out matching to densimetric curve, obtains fitting expression;
Described correcting unit, is used for, according to described fitting expression, correcting the densimetric curve of exceptional value section.
A kind of densimetric curve bearing calibration that the embodiment of the present application provides and system, utilize the method for multi-cure-fitting, in the well section that borehole environment is good, estimating and forecasting can be carried out to other logging traces, determine the relation between these logging trace and densimetric curves, and show in mathematical terms.So for the densimetric curve section that there is exceptional value, just can utilize the relation between other logging trace and densimetric curves, fast and accurately exceptional value be corrected.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The process flow diagram of a kind of densimetric curve bearing calibration that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that crosses of gamma-density in the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is that gamma-density in the embodiment of the present application after overcorrect crosses schematic diagram;
The process flow diagram of a kind of densimetric curve bearing calibration that Fig. 4 provides for another embodiment of the application;
The functional block diagram of a kind of densimetric curve corrective system that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present application;
The functional block diagram of a kind of densimetric curve corrective system that Fig. 6 provides for another embodiment of the application;
The functional block diagram of logging trace acquiring unit in a kind of densimetric curve corrective system that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present application.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of densimetric curve bearing calibration and system.
Technical scheme in the application is understood better in order to make those skilled in the art person, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, all should belong to the scope of the application's protection.
The process flow diagram of a kind of densimetric curve bearing calibration that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present application.As shown in Figure 1, said method comprising the steps of:
S100: gather raw log data.
Raw log data can gather with crossing field logging construction.In the well of having drilled, various excitation device and receiving equipment can be placed in a steel pipe.Wherein, excitation device and receiving equipment can keep the distance of several meters, and are connected on ground by cable.On the ground, by uniform descent cable with at the uniform velocity promote cable, excitation device and the position of receiving equipment in well can be changed neatly.In well, excitation device can the information of carrying out excite, and these information excited through borehole wall stratum, to be received by receiving equipment and by cable transmission in the memory device of ground.The data that receiving equipment receives just can be recorded on numerical tape as raw log data.
S200: according to described raw log data, obtain logging trace, described logging trace comprises gamma curve, sound wave curve, resistivity curve and densimetric curve.
Raw log data is recorded in after on numerical tape, can process the raw log data be recorded on tape further.These raw log datas include resistivity, sound wave value, the physical message such as gamma value and density of borehole wall surrounding formation.These can the physical message be recorded on tape be converted to different logging traces by the process of log data, realize particular by following two steps:
S201: log data is checked and pre-service.
First the log data be recorded on numerical tape can be printed, thus whether rationally accurately to check the discriminating number of log data file, the degree of depth, sampling interval, sampled data further, and change the record format of record content, make it into the file layout used for ease of computing machine.Then can carry out the pre-service such as depth correction, the disposal of gentle filter, environmental correction to data, thus obtain the log data that sampling interval is consistent, depth match, data are correct.
S202: according to the log data after process, obtains logging trace.
For the pretreated well-log information of step S201, various log analysis software can be used automatically to process explanation to data, thus obtain the various physical messages on stratum in drilling well, and finally show in the mode of continuous curve figure.Such as, can the Logging Softwares such as GeoFrame or eXpress be utilized, process be carried out to log data and explains, thus the various physical messages on stratum in drilling well can be shown in the mode of continuous curve figure.The embodiment of the present application, by the process to log data, can obtain the gamma curve on stratum in drilling well, sound wave curve, resistivity curve and densimetric curve.
S300: according to described logging trace, and in conjunction with actual well drilled lithological information determination densimetric curve exceptional value section.
In the embodiment of the present application by the process to log data, the gamma curve on stratum in drilling well, sound wave curve, resistivity curve and densimetric curve can be obtained.The size of density of earth formations and the lithology on stratum, electrically, the factor such as hole, fluid all has certain relation.Wherein, the rock signature on stratum can be characterized by the gamma value in gamma curve; The electrical property feature on stratum then can be made an explanation by resistivity curve well; The hole on stratum and characteristic of fluid can be differentiated by the speed on stratum, and the speed on stratum can directly be solved by the sound wave curve on stratum.Therefore the gamma curve on the densimetric curve on stratum and this stratum, sound wave curve and resistivity curve also also exist certain determinacy or relation statistically.In addition, gamma curve, sound wave curve and resistivity curve due to its degree of depth of testing comparatively wide, thus not easily distortion.So just, by the corresponding relation of lateral comparison gamma curve, sound wave curve, resistivity curve and densimetric curve, thus densimetric curve can be analyzed, determine the exceptional value section of densimetric curve.
Explain how by across comparison gamma curve and densimetric curve for gamma curve now, determine the exceptional value section of densimetric curve.Typically, the density of mud stone is greater than the density of sandstone, and the radioactivity of mud stone is also greater than the radioactivity of sandstone.The density feature of mud stone and sandstone can be characterized by both densimetric curves, and the radiation characteristics of mud stone and sandstone also can be characterized by gamma curve.So the features of logging curve of mud stone should be just high density height gamma, and the features of logging curve of sandstone should be just the low gamma of low-density.By carrying out horizontal analysis to both gamma curve and densimetric curve, if there is high gamma low-density or the highdensity region of low gamma, then exceptional value section can be considered as.The densimetric curve of this exceptional value section further corrects with regard to needs.Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that crosses of gamma-density in the embodiment of the present application.As shown in Figure 2, horizontal ordinate represents the gamma value on stratum, and ordinate represents the density on this stratum, and gamma-density point crossed in schematic diagram just represents gamma value corresponding to the sampled point on stratum and density.As can be seen from Figure 2, the gamma value that most formation sample point is corresponding and density all meet the characteristic of high density height gamma and the low gamma of low-density.But also have the formation sample point of some discrete to have high gamma low-density or the highdensity characteristic of low gamma in fig. 2.The formation sample point being such as positioned at black curve frame then obviously has the characteristic of the low gamma of high density.These formation sample points with abnormal gamma-density feature just can be considered to exceptional value section.The densimetric curve of this exceptional value section further corrects with regard to needs.
S400: utilize gamma curve, sound wave curve, resistivity curve to carry out matching to densimetric curve, obtain fitting expression.
After determining the exceptional value section of densimetric curve, can process the data of normal value.In the data of normal value, the gamma curve on stratum, sound wave curve and resistivity curve can be utilized to carry out matching to densimetric curve, obtain fitting expression.The process of concrete matching is as described below:
Because the gamma curve on the densimetric curve on stratum and this stratum, sound wave curve and resistivity curve also exist certain determinacy or relation statistically, so just can utilize multi-cure-fitting, go to estimate densimetric curve by gamma curve, sound wave curve and resistivity curve.First can calculate normal gamma curve, sound wave curve and resistivity curve, obtain the relation between gamma curve, sound wave curve and resistivity curve and density logging curve values, and a this relation mathematical formulae is represented.This relationship can be expressed as:
den=aX+bY+cZ+d
Wherein, den represents the density value on stratum, and a, b, c, d are coefficient to be asked for, and X represents the gamma value on stratum, and Y represents the sound wave value on stratum, and Z represents the resistivity value on stratum.
As can be seen from above-mentioned formula, the density value on stratum can be represented by the gamma value on stratum, sound wave value and resistivity value.In the identical region of reservoir pressure, sedimentary environment and rock signature, 4 groups of normal density of earth formations values, gamma value, sound wave value and resistivity values can be chosen and bring above-mentioned formula into, obtain quaternary linear function group now.
By solving this quaternary linear function group, just a can be obtained, the coefficient that b, c, d these four is to be asked for.After bringing these four coefficients asked for into above-mentioned formula, just can obtain the fitting expression utilizing gamma curve, sound wave curve and resistivity curve for densimetric curve.
S500: according to described fitting expression, corrects the densimetric curve of exceptional value section.
The densimetric curve fitting expression gone out by the data fitting of normal value in step S400 can reflect densimetric curve and contacting between gamma curve, sound wave curve and resistivity curve.So for the exceptional value section of densimetric curve, just gamma value, sound wave value and resistivity value can be utilized to be calculated by this fitting expression, obtain theoretical density value, and the density value of exceptional value section is replaced with the density value of this theory, reach the object that the density value of exceptional value section is corrected.Fig. 3 is that gamma-density in the embodiment of the present application after overcorrect crosses schematic diagram.Can be found out by comparison diagram 2 and Fig. 3, originally be positioned at the formation sample point of exceptional value section by the calculating of fitting expression, all corrected.As can be seen from Figure 3, the formation sample point crossed in schematic diagram of the gamma-density after correction all meets the characteristic of high density height gamma and the low gamma of low-density.
In another embodiment of the application, after the densimetric curve of exceptional value section is corrected, also the accuracy of this correction is determined, and the result corrected further is revised.The process flow diagram of a kind of densimetric curve bearing calibration that Fig. 4 provides for another embodiment of the application.As shown in Figure 4, described method also comprises:
S600: well shake is carried out to the densimetric curve after described correction and demarcates.
After densimetric curve is corrected, the densimetric curve after correction can be utilized, inside well shake calibration software, first sound wave curve and the densimetric curve after correcting be carried out product calculation, obtain ingrated seismic trace.Then directly can calculate reflection coefficient sequence by ingrated seismic trace, the formula of calculating is as follows:
Wherein, R
irepresent reflection coefficient sequence, Z
ibe the wave impedance of i-th layer, N is the number of subsurface reflective boundary.
Then to log data by deconvolution, wavelet can be asked for.Utilize wavelet and above-mentioned reflection coefficient sequence to carry out convolution and obtain artificial synthesized E-selectin.After correcting densimetric curve, log data also will be corrected, and the final like this artificial synthesized E-selectin obtained will be subject to the impact that densimetric curve corrects.This artificial synthesized E-selectin and real seismic record are contrasted, can according to comparing result corrected density curve again, make artificial synthesized E-selectin and real seismic record reach optimum matching, thus can revise further the result corrected, completed well shake is demarcated.
The embodiment of the present application also provides a kind of densimetric curve corrective system.The functional block diagram of a kind of densimetric curve corrective system that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present application.As shown in Figure 5, described system comprises:
Raw log data collecting unit 1, is used for gathering raw log data;
Logging trace acquiring unit 2, is used for according to described raw log data, and obtain logging trace, described logging trace comprises gamma curve, sound wave curve, resistivity curve and densimetric curve;
Exceptional value section determining unit 3, according to described logging trace, determines densimetric curve exceptional value section;
Fitting unit 4, utilizes gamma curve, sound wave curve, resistivity curve to carry out matching to densimetric curve, obtains fitting expression;
Correcting unit 5, according to described fitting expression, corrects the densimetric curve of exceptional value section.
In addition, the application one preferred embodiment can also do the system shown in Fig. 5 and further supplement.The functional block diagram of a kind of densimetric curve corrective system that Fig. 6 provides for another embodiment of the application.As shown in Figure 6, described system, except the functional module comprising system shown in Figure 5, also comprises:
Well shake demarcate unit 6, be used for the densimetric curve after to described correction carry out well shake demarcate.
The functional block diagram of logging trace acquiring unit in a kind of densimetric curve corrective system that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present application.As shown in Figure 7, logging trace acquiring unit 2 specifically comprises:
Pretreatment module 201, is used for checking and pre-service log data;
Logging trace acquisition module 202, be used for according to process after log data, obtain logging trace.
The embodiment provided by above-mentioned the application can be found out, the application utilizes the method for multi-cure-fitting, in the well section that borehole environment is good, can carry out estimating and forecasting to other logging traces, determine the relation between these logging trace and densimetric curves, and show in mathematical terms.So for the densimetric curve section that there is exceptional value, just can utilize the relation between other logging trace and densimetric curves, fast and accurately exceptional value be corrected.
In the nineties in 20th century, it is improvement (such as, to the improvement of the circuit structures such as diode, transistor, switch) on hardware or the improvement (improvement for method flow) on software that improvement for a technology can clearly be distinguished.But along with the development of technology, the improvement of current a lot of method flows can be considered as the direct improvement of hardware circuit.Designer nearly all obtains corresponding hardware circuit by being programmed in hardware circuit by the method flow of improvement.Therefore, the improvement of not talkative method flow just can not realize by hardware entities module.Such as, programmable logic device (PLD) (Programmable Logic Device, PLD) (such as field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) be exactly) so a kind of integrated circuit, its logic function is determined device programming by user.Programmed voluntarily a digital display circuit " integrated " on a slice PLD by designer, and do not need chip maker to carry out the special integrated circuit (IC) chip of designing and making 2.And, nowadays, replace and manually make integrated circuit (IC) chip, this programming is also used instead mostly " logic compiler (logic compiler) ", and software realizes, it and program development is write time software compiler used similar, and source code before will compiling also handy specific programming language write, this is referred to as hardware description language (HardwareDescription Language, HDL), and HDL also not only has one, but have many kinds, as ABEL (AdvancedBoolean Expression Language), AHDL (Altera Hardware Description Language), Confluence, CUPL (Cornell University Programming Language), HDCal, JHDL (Java Hardware DescriptionLanguage), Lava, Lola, MyHDL, PALASM, RHDL (Ruby Hardware Description Language) etc., the most generally use VHDL (Very-High-Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware DescriptionLanguage) and Verilog2 at present.Those skilled in the art also should be clear, only needs method flow is slightly made programming in logic with above-mentioned several hardware description language and is programmed in integrated circuit, just can be easy to the hardware circuit of this logical method flow process accomplished.
Controller can realize by any suitable mode, such as, controller can be taked such as microprocessor or processor and store the computer-readable medium of the computer readable program code (such as software or firmware) that can be performed by this (micro-) processor, logic gate, switch, special IC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), the form of programmable logic controller (PLC) and embedding microcontroller, the example of controller includes but not limited to following microcontroller: ARC 625D, AtmelAT91SAM, Microchip PIC18F26K20 and Silicone Labs C8051F320, Memory Controller can also be implemented as a part for the steering logic of storer.
Those skilled in the art also know, except realizing except controller in pure computer readable program code mode, controller can be made to realize identical function with the form of logic gate, switch, special IC, programmable logic controller (PLC) and embedding microcontroller etc. by method step being carried out programming in logic completely.Therefore this controller can be considered to a kind of hardware component, and to the structure that also can be considered as the device realizing various function in hardware component comprised in it.Or even, the device being used for realizing various function can be considered as not only can be implementation method software module but also can be structure in hardware component.
System, device, module or unit that above-described embodiment is illustrated, specifically can be realized by computer chip or entity, or be realized by the product with certain function.
For convenience of description, various unit is divided into describe respectively with function when describing above device.Certainly, the function of each unit can be realized in same or multiple software and/or hardware when implementing the application.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be well understood to the mode that the application can add required general hardware platform by software and realizes.Based on such understanding, the technical scheme of the application can embody with the form of software product the part that prior art contributes in essence in other words, this computer software product can be stored in storage medium, as ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD etc., comprising some instructions in order to make a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or the network equipment etc.) perform the method described in some part of each embodiment of the application or embodiment.
Each embodiment in this instructions all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, between each embodiment identical similar part mutually see, what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments.Especially, for system embodiment, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, relevant part illustrates see the part of embodiment of the method.
The application can be used in numerous general or special purpose computing system environments or configuration.Such as: personal computer, server computer, handheld device or portable set, laptop device, multicomputer system, system, set top box, programmable consumer-elcetronics devices, network PC, small-size computer, mainframe computer, the distributed computing environment comprising above any system or equipment etc. based on microprocessor.
The application can describe in the general context of computer executable instructions, such as program module.Usually, program module comprises the routine, program, object, assembly, data structure etc. that perform particular task or realize particular abstract data type.Also can put into practice the application in a distributed computing environment, in these distributed computing environment, be executed the task by the remote processing devices be connected by communication network.In a distributed computing environment, program module can be arranged in the local and remote computer-readable storage medium comprising memory device.
Although depict the application by embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art know, the application has many distortion and change and do not depart from the spirit of the application, and the claim appended by wishing comprises these distortion and change and do not depart from the spirit of the application.
Claims (6)
1. a densimetric curve bearing calibration, is characterized in that, comprising:
Gather raw log data;
According to described raw log data, obtain logging trace, described logging trace comprises gamma curve, sound wave curve, resistivity curve and densimetric curve;
According to described logging trace, and in conjunction with actual well drilled lithological information determination densimetric curve exceptional value section;
Utilize gamma curve, sound wave curve, resistivity curve to carry out matching to densimetric curve, obtain fitting expression;
According to described fitting expression, the densimetric curve of exceptional value section is corrected.
2. a kind of densimetric curve bearing calibration as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises:
Carry out well shake to the densimetric curve after described correction to demarcate.
3. a kind of densimetric curve bearing calibration as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described according to described raw log data, obtains logging trace and specifically comprises:
Log data is checked and pre-service;
According to the log data after process, obtain logging trace.
4. a densimetric curve corrective system, is characterized in that, comprising: raw log data collecting unit, logging trace acquiring unit, exceptional value section determining unit, fitting unit, correcting unit, wherein:
Described raw log data collecting unit, is used for gathering raw log data;
Described logging trace acquiring unit, is used for according to described raw log data, and obtain logging trace, described logging trace comprises gamma curve, sound wave curve, resistivity curve and densimetric curve;
Described exceptional value section determining unit, is used for according to described logging trace, and in conjunction with actual well drilled lithological information determination densimetric curve exceptional value section;
Described fitting unit, is used for utilizing gamma curve, sound wave curve, resistivity curve to carry out matching to densimetric curve, obtains fitting expression;
Described correcting unit, is used for, according to described fitting expression, correcting the densimetric curve of exceptional value section.
5. a kind of densimetric curve corrective system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described system also comprises:
Well shake demarcate unit, be used for the densimetric curve after to described correction carry out well shake demarcate.
6. a kind of densimetric curve corrective system as described in claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that, described logging trace acquiring unit specifically comprises:
Pretreatment module, is used for checking and pre-service log data;
Logging trace acquisition module, be used for according to process after log data, obtain logging trace.
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