CN104489413A - Weaned piglet formula feed containing fiber resources - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a compound feed formula for weaned piglets containing a fiber source, which comprises: 27-32% of corn, 27-32% of puffed corn, 2-6% of wheat bran, 1-3% of corn bran, puffed soybean 4-8%, peeled soybean meal 3-6%, soybean protein concentrate 1-2%, plasma protein powder 5-7%, fish meal 4-5.5%, low protein whey powder 7.5-8.5%, sucrose 2-3.5% , choline chloride 0.05-0.2%, stone powder 0.55-0.6%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.55-0.6%, methionine 0.2-0.22%, lysine hydrochloride 0.41-0.44%, threonine 0.19-0.2%, vitamin Premix 0.02-0.04%, trace element premix 0.2-0.4%. The invention adds insoluble dietary fiber, inhibits the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria, optimizes intestinal microbiota, and improves intestinal health.

Description

Compound feed for weaned piglets with fiber source

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of feed formula, in particular to a weaned piglet compound feed formula containing fiber source.

Background technique

Early weaning of piglets is an important measure to improve reproductive efficiency and production level in modern pig farming. However, due to the immature digestion and immune system development of piglets, affected by various factors such as leaving the mother, feed changes, environmental changes, and pathogenic microorganisms, it is easy to cause "piglet early weaning stress syndrome", which often manifests as decreased feed intake, Slow growth and diarrhea seriously affect the economic benefits of raising pigs. Therefore, reducing the impact of weaning stress on the growth and development of piglets through nutritional regulation has always been a concern of animal nutrition experts at home and abroad.

Dietary fiber (DF) is the sum of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and lignin that cannot be hydrolyzed by endogenous enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals, mainly the cell wall parts of plants. The small intestine of pigs can barely digest dietary fiber, and the large intestine contains a large number of microorganisms that can degrade fiber, such as Bacteroides, Filamentobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus luteus, Ruminococcus albicans, and Butyvibrio fibrinolyticus, etc. These microorganisms produce fiber Vegetable degrading enzymes decompose and ferment fibers to produce volatile fatty acids (VFA) for use by pigs. For a long time, dietary fiber has been considered as an anti-nutritional factor, which can dilute the energy level of the diet, reduce the digestion and absorption rate of nutrients, and reduce the growth performance. Therefore, the use of fiber feed in pig feed is limited. In recent years, some scholars have found that dietary fiber can reduce diarrhea in piglets without adverse effects on growth performance. However, its effect on piglets is complex and is affected by factors such as dietary fiber type, dietary fiber level, diet type, animal growth stage, and breeding environment.

At present, in order to promote growth and control diarrhea in weaned piglets, antibiotics and high doses of zinc and copper are generally added to feed, which causes problems of bacterial resistance, food safety and environmental pollution, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of aquaculture. Therefore, using the regulatory effect of dietary fiber to improve intestinal health and reduce the use of antibiotics and copper and zinc is an important way to achieve safe, efficient and healthy farming.

CN 103766655A discloses a fiber-derived composite additive for pigs and its preparation method. The disadvantage of this technology is that it contains betaine, wheat bran, oat bran, psyllium seed, inulin, pectin, guar gum, sodium alginate There are many types of fiber sources such as gum arabic, difficult to obtain, high production cost, and limited application. In addition, inulin is not included in the "Catalogue of Feed Additives" stipulated by the state, and pectin is only suitable for pets.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a compound feed formula for weaned piglets containing a fiber source, which can alleviate piglets' weaning stress syndrome.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the compound feed for weaned piglets containing fiber source, composed by weight percentage: 27-32% of corn, 27-32% of puffed corn, 2-6% of wheat bran, 1% of corn bran -3%, expanded soybean 4-8%, dehulled soybean meal 3-6%, soybean protein concentrate 1-2%, plasma protein powder 5-7%, fish meal 4-5.5%, low protein whey powder 7.5-8.5% , sucrose 2-3.5%, choline chloride 0.05-0.2%, stone powder 0.55-0.6%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.55-0.6%, methionine 0.2-0.22%, lysine hydrochloride 0.41-0.44%, threonine 0.19-0.2%, vitamin premix 0.02-0.04%, trace element premix 0.2-0.4%.

Further, it also includes: soybean oil 0-1.2%.

Further, it also includes: tryptophan 0-0.03%.

Further, the purity of the tryptophan is 98%.

Further, it also includes: 0-0.04% of antioxidant.

Further, the purity of methionine is 99%; the purity of lysine hydrochloride is 98.5%; the purity of threonine is 99%.

Further, the weight percent composition of the trace element premix includes: 8.3-16.7% of ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 0.6-1.2% of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.32-0.63% of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 7.2-7.2% of zinc sulfate monohydrate 14.5%, sodium selenite pentahydrate 1.9-3.75%, calcium iodate 0.11-0.22%, carrier 63-81.5%.

Further, the ferrous sulfate monohydrate contains 30% iron; copper sulfate pentahydrate contains 25% copper; manganese sulfate monohydrate contains 31.8% manganese; zinc sulfate monohydrate contains 34.5% zinc; Sodium iodate contains 0.45% selenium; calcium iodate contains 3% iodine.

Further, the carrier adopts corn flour or zeolite powder.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention adds insoluble dietary fiber, and the dietary fiber is fermented by intestinal microorganisms to produce VFA, which can maintain the integrity of the intestinal mucosa, reduce the pH value of the hindgut, inhibit the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria, and optimize intestinal improve intestinal health; the fiber type of wheat bran and corn bran is mainly insoluble dietary fiber, which can reduce the viscosity of chyme, increase the emptying speed of chyme, and accelerate the discharge of pathogenic bacteria; at the same time, when the crude protein content is high Adding suitable fibrous feed to the weaned piglet feed can reduce the harmful gas produced by protein fermentation in the hindgut, promote the reabsorption of water and sodium, and reduce diarrhea in weaned piglets; the invention contains puffed corn, soybean protein concentrate, whey powder , plasma protein powder, fish meal and other high-quality raw materials, the nutritional level design refers to the latest version of NRC (2012), the scientific and reasonable combination of the feed has good palatability, easy digestion, low antigenic protein, and comprehensive nutrition, which can improve the growth performance of piglets. Reduce diarrhea and alleviate piglet weaning stress syndrome; the invention does not add any antibiotics, reduces the content of copper and zinc in the feed, and has the characteristics of safety and environmental protection.

Detailed ways

Add insoluble dietary fiber in the formula of the present invention, with reference to the latest "Nutrition Requirements of Pigs" (National Research Council of the United States) 2012 edition, be called for short NRC (2012), determine the main nutrient level, digestible energy (DE) from 3542 kcal/ The kilogram is reduced to 3300 kcal/kg, and the proportion of truly digestible amino acids is reduced. The ideal protein mode is adopted to reduce the crude protein level in the diet and reduce the nutritional risk of diarrhea; the formula does not contain antibiotics; trace elements only meet the needs of piglets, and do not add excessive amounts.

The determination steps of formula of the present invention are:

1) Determine the nutritional requirements of weaned piglets, i.e. digestible energy (DE) 3300 kcal/kg, standard ileal true digestible lysine 1.26% (weight percentage content, the same below), standard ileal true digestible methionine 0.47%, Standard ileal true digestible egg + cystine 0.70%, standard ileal true digestible threonine 0.75%, standard ileal true digestible tryptophan 0.20%, calcium 0.70%, available phosphorus 0.41%, copper 6mg/kg, Iron 100mg/kg, Zinc 100mg/kg, Manganese 4mg/kg, Iodine 0.14mg/kg, Selenium 0.3mg/kg;

2) Check the Chinese feed composition and nutritional value table (24th edition in 2013) to determine the nutritional composition and amino acid digestibility of the raw materials used;

3) By screening the formula, the compound feed formula for weaned piglets is obtained and consists of: 27-32% corn, 27-32% puffed corn, 2-6% wheat bran, 1-3% corn bran, 4-8 puffed soybeans %, peeled soybean meal 3-6%, soybean protein concentrate 1-2%, plasma protein powder 5-7%, fish meal 4-5.5%, low protein whey powder 7.5-8.5%, sucrose 2-3.5%, chlorinated Choline 0.05-0.2%, soybean oil 0-1.2%, stone powder 0.55-0.6%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.55-0.6%, methionine 0.2-0.22%, lysine hydrochloride 0.41-0.44%, threonine 0.19- 0.2%, tryptophan 0-0.03%, vitamin premix 0.02-0.04%, trace element premix 0.2-0.4%, antioxidant 0-0.04%.

Further, the purity of the above-mentioned methionine is 99%; the purity of lysine hydrochloride is 98.5%; the purity of tryptophan is 98%; the purity of threonine is 99%.

Wherein, the weight percent composition of the above-mentioned trace element premix includes: ferrous sulfate monohydrate 8.3-16.7%, copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.6-1.2%, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.32-0.63%, zinc sulfate monohydrate 7.2-14.5% , Sodium Selenite Pentahydrate 1.9-3.75%, Calcium Iodate 0.11-0.22%, Carrier 63-81.5%.

Further, the above ferrous sulfate monohydrate contains 30% iron; copper sulfate pentahydrate contains 25% copper; manganese sulfate monohydrate contains 31.8% manganese; zinc sulfate monohydrate contains 34.5% zinc; selenous acid pentahydrate Sodium contains 0.45% selenium; calcium iodate contains 3% iodine.

The above-mentioned carrier can use corn flour or zeolite powder and the like.

Example 1

The feed formula for weaned piglets is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 275.4kg of corn, 275.5kg of puffed corn, 60kg of wheat bran, 30kg of corn husk, 68kg of puffed soybean, 35kg of peeled soybean meal, 15kg of concentrated soybean protein, 50kg of plasma protein powder, fish meal 46.5kg, low-protein whey powder 80kg, sucrose 30kg, choline chloride 1kg, soybean oil 10.5kg, stone powder 5.8kg, calcium hydrogen phosphate 5.8kg, methionine (purity 99%) 2.2kg, lysine hydrochloride (purity is 98.5%) 4.4kg, threonine 2kg, tryptophan (purity is 98%) 0.3kg, vitamin premix 0.4kg, trace element premix 2kg, antioxidant 0.2kg, add up to 1000kg. Wherein the percentage by weight of each raw material of the trace element premix consists of: ferrous sulfate monohydrate (containing 30% iron) 16.7%, copper sulfate pentahydrate (containing 25% copper) 0.6%, manganese sulfate monohydrate (containing 31.8% manganese) ) 0.63%, zinc sulfate monohydrate (containing zinc 34.5%) 14.5%, sodium selenite pentahydrate (containing selenium 0.45%) 2.5%, calcium iodate (containing iodine 3%) 0.22%, and the rest is corn flour.

Example 2

The feed formula for weaned piglets consists of the following raw materials by weight: 292kg corn, 292kg puffed corn, 40kg wheat bran, 20kg corn husk, 77kg puffed soybean, 33kg peeled soybean meal, 10kg soybean protein concentrate, 50kg plasma protein powder, 50kg fish meal, Low-protein whey powder 80kg, sucrose 30kg, choline chloride 1kg, soybean oil 2kg, stone powder 5.8kg, calcium hydrogen phosphate 5.8kg, methionine (99%) 2.1kg, lysine hydrochloride (98.5%) 4.4kg , threonine 2kg, tryptophan (98%) 0.3kg, vitamin premix 0.4kg, trace element premix 2kg, antioxidant 0.2kg, add up to 1000kg, wherein the weight percentage composition of each raw material of trace element premix It is: ferrous sulfate monohydrate (containing 30% iron) 8.4%, copper sulfate pentahydrate (containing 25% copper) 1.2%, manganese sulfate monohydrate (containing 31.8% manganese) 0.32%, zinc sulfate monohydrate (containing 34.5% zinc %) 10.5%, sodium selenite pentahydrate (containing selenium 0.45%) 3.75%, calcium iodate (containing iodine 3%) 0.19%, and the rest is corn flour.

Example 3

The feed formula for weaned piglets is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 312.2kg of corn, 312.2kg of puffed corn, 20kg of wheat bran, 10kg of corn husk, 44kg of puffed soybean, 56kg of peeled soybean meal, 10kg of concentrated soybean protein, 50kg of plasma protein powder, fish meal 52kg, low-protein whey powder 80kg, sucrose 30kg, choline chloride 1kg, soybean oil 10.5kg, stone powder 6kg, calcium hydrogen phosphate 5.5kg, methionine (99%) 2kg, lysine hydrochloride (98.5%) 4.3 kg, threonine 1.9kg, tryptophan (98%) 0.3kg, vitamin premix 0.4kg, trace element premix 2kg, antioxidant 0.2kg, a total of 1000kg, of which the weight of each raw material of trace element premix The percentage composition is: ferrous sulfate monohydrate (containing 30% iron) 12.5%, copper sulfate pentahydrate (containing 25% copper) 0.9%, manganese sulfate monohydrate (containing 31.8% manganese) 0.43%, zinc sulfate monohydrate (containing Zinc 34.5%) 7.2%, sodium selenite pentahydrate (containing 0.45% selenium) 1.9%, calcium iodate (containing iodine 3%) 0.11%, and the rest is zeolite powder.

Efficacy evaluation test:

Select 96 healthy 21-day-old weaned DLY three-way hybrid piglets with similar body weight, and randomly divide them into 4 treatment groups according to the principle of similar body weight and half male and female, each treatment group has 6 replicate groups, and each replicate group has 4 Pigs were fed the compound feed for weaned piglets of the above-mentioned embodiment 1-3 of the present invention respectively. The control group was fed a weaned piglet compound feed without fibrous feed. The rearing house is a double-column type with a semi-slatted floor and high beds. During the test period, the piglets had free access to food and water, with unlimited feed measurement, regular feeding every day, regular cleaning of the pens, and disinfection once a week. The piglets had been immunized before weaning. In order to reduce stress, deworming and immunization were not carried out during the experiment. When diarrhea or disease occurs in piglets, the amount of feed should be reduced appropriately, and no drug treatment should be used. The test period was 28 days in total. During the test, the feed intake of each repeated test pig was recorded every day, and each pig was weighed on an empty stomach at the beginning and end of the test respectively, and the average daily feed intake (ADFI) and average daily gain (ADG) of the whole period were calculated. ) and material to weight ratio (F/G). During the test period, the feces of the repeated pigs were regularly observed every morning, noon, and night, and scores were given according to the feces: 1 point = hard feces; 2 points = normal feces; 3 points = soft feces, partially formed feces; 4 points = half Liquid or pasty feces; 5 points = watery feces; stools with a score of 4 and 5 are determined to have diarrhea. Record the number and score of pigs with diarrhea in detail, and calculate the frequency of diarrhea.

The test results are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the matched group, the daily gain of Examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention has improved respectively 8.28 (P＜0.05), 6.80% (P＜0.05) and 1.78% (P＞0.05 ). Compared with Example 1, the daily feed intake of Example 3 was significantly increased by 7.39% (P<0.05), and the daily feed intake of other groups had no significant difference. There was no significant difference in feed-to-weight ratio among the groups (P>0.05). The diarrhea rates of Example 1 and Example 2 were lower than those of the control group by 26.10% and 23.86%. It can be seen that the compound feed for weaned piglets of the present invention can reduce diarrhea of piglets and improve their growth performance.

Table 1

Note: In the peer index data in Table 1, the superscripts with different lowercase letters represent significant differences (P<0.05), and the superscripts with the same letters represent no significant differences (P>0.05). For example, the average daily feed intake ADFI/g, the superscript of the control group is ab, the superscript of embodiment 1 is b, the superscript of embodiment 2 is ab, and the superscript of embodiment 3 is a, which means: embodiment 1 and embodiment 3 The difference was significant (P<0.05), and the difference among the other groups was not significant (P>0.05).

Claims (9)

1. The compound feed for weaned piglets containing fiber source is characterized in that it comprises: 27-32% corn, 27-32% puffed corn, 2-6% wheat bran, 1-3% corn bran, puffed soybean 4-8%, peeled soybean meal 3-6%, soybean protein concentrate 1-2%, plasma protein powder 5-7%, fish meal 4-5.5%, low protein whey powder 7.5-8.5%, sucrose 2-3.5% , choline chloride 0.05-0.2%, stone powder 0.55-0.6%, calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.55-0.6%, methionine 0.2-0.22%, lysine hydrochloride 0.41-0.44%, threonine 0.19-0.2%, vitamin Premix 0.02-0.04%, trace element premix 0.2-0.4%. 2. The compound feed for weaned piglets containing fiber source according to claim 1, further comprising: soybean oil 0-1.2%. 3. The compound feed for weaned piglets containing fiber source according to claim 1, further comprising: tryptophan 0-0.03%. 4. The compound feed for weaned piglets containing fiber source according to claim 3, characterized in that the purity of the tryptophan is 98%. 5. The compound feed for weaned piglets containing fiber source according to claim 1, further comprising: 0-0.04% of antioxidant. 6. The compound feed for weaned piglets containing fiber source as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the purity of said methionine is 99%; the purity of lysine hydrochloride is 98.5%; the purity of threonine is 99%. %. 7. The compound feed for weaned piglets containing fiber source according to claim 1, characterized in that, the weight percent composition of the trace element premix comprises: 8.3-16.7% of ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 0.6% of copper sulfate pentahydrate -1.2%, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.32-0.63%, zinc sulfate monohydrate 7.2-14.5%, sodium selenite pentahydrate 1.9-3.75%, calcium iodate 0.11-0.22%, carrier 63-81.5%. 8. The compound feed for weaned piglets containing fiber source as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, 30% of iron is contained in the ferrous sulfate monohydrate; 25% of copper is contained in copper sulfate pentahydrate; 31.8% manganese; 34.5% zinc in zinc sulfate monohydrate; 0.45% selenium in sodium selenite pentahydrate; 3% iodine in calcium iodate. 9. The compound feed for weaned piglets containing fiber source according to claim 7, characterized in that the carrier is corn flour or zeolite powder.