CN104488856A - Preservation method of dracaena sanderiana during storage and transportation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of storage, transportation and preservation of flowers, and specifically discloses a method for storage, transportation and preservation of lotus and lucky bamboo. After the present invention uses 100-400mg/ _LAgNO3 to treat the lotus lucky bamboo, the yellowing rate of the lotus lucky bamboo changes in the range of 0.97-11.08% after 10 days of preservation, and its yellowing rate can be significantly reduced compared with that not treated with _AgNO3 , Good fresh-keeping effect, convenient storage and transportation.

Description

A kind of storage and transportation preservation method of lotus lucky bamboo

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of storage, transportation and preservation of flowers, and in particular relates to a method for storage, transportation and preservation of lotus and lucky bamboo.

Background technique

Lotus Lucky Bamboo, also known as Lotus Bamboo and Guanyin Bamboo (scientific name: Dracaena sanderiana ), is one of the species of Lucky Bamboo. Lotus Lucky Bamboo is a perennial evergreen ornamental green plant native to West Africa. It was introduced into mainland China in the early 1980s and began to be planted in large quantities in the early 1990s. It has now become the main economic crop in the southern coastal areas of China. Its stems are tall and straight Elegant, unrestrained posture, full of bamboo charm, it is a very good indoor foliage plant, and there is another meaning in Feng Shui: "good luck", "wealth and auspiciousness", "promoting steadily", "permanent youth" , The meaning of "good luck". Therefore, the lotus and lucky bamboo is loved by many consumers, and it is also very popular in Europe, the United States and other countries. The lotus and rich bamboo in Zhanjiang, Guangdong occupies an important share both at home and abroad. According to the statistics of Zhanjiang Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of Guangdong, the first batch of 15 planting flower production and operation enterprises in Zhanjiang have obtained the registration of the State Administration of Inspection and Quarantine. Zhanjiang Fugui The export volume of bamboo accounts for 50% of the world, and the products are exported to more than 30 countries and regions such as the Netherlands, the United States, and Japan.

Under the influence of various factors, the leaves of lotus lucky bamboo are prone to yellowing during storage and fresh-keeping, and the loss rate during export transportation is as high as 30%, which greatly reduces its ornamental value after arriving at the destination, and also brings great harm to manufacturers. severe economic losses. The main reason for the yellowing of the leaves is that the root system of the lotus and rich bamboo is injured after harvesting, the external water absorption capacity is affected, the content of cytokinin and auxin is too low, the content of abscisic acid and ethylene is too high, and the degradation of chlorophyll of protein and nucleic acid Acceleration, the accumulation of ammonia caused by the consumption of amino acids in respiration, and the lack of ATP. The yellowing of the leaves of lotus and rich bamboo has a great impact on those small enterprises with small production scale and limited production capacity, because small enterprises do not have the overall cold storage assembly and effective measures to prevent yellowing like large enterprises.

At present, most of the storage and preservation of flowers are pretreated with silver thiosulfate (STS) and then placed in fresh-keeping solution (sucrose + 8-HQS + silver nitrate) to prevent plant aging and dehydration and prolong life. However, there are no better measures for storage, transportation and freshness of the lotus bamboo. The yellowing rate of the lotus bamboo is high during storage and transportation, which causes huge economic losses.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a method for storing, transporting and keeping fresh lotus and lucky bamboo. The invention only uses a certain concentration of _AgNO3 to treat the lotus rich and precious bamboo, which can effectively reduce the yellowing rate of its leaves, has good fresh-keeping effect, and is convenient for storage and transportation.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

A method for storing, transporting and keeping fresh of lotus and lucky bamboo, treating the lotus and lucky bamboo with 100-400 mg/L AgNO ₃ . The present invention finds that after being treated with a certain concentration of AgNO ₃ , the yellowing rate of lotus lucky bamboo is in the range of 0.97-11.08% after 10 days of storage, and its yellowing rate can be significantly reduced compared with that not treated with AgNO ₃ .

Preferably, the method is to remove the leaves of the lotus bamboo, and treat it with 200-300 mg/L AgNO ₃ for storage and transportation.

Preferably, the method is to remove the leaves of the lotus flower Bambusa fortunei, treat it with 200 mg/L AgNO ₃ , and store and transport it with ice. More preferably, an ice pack is used for adding ice, and a barrier is placed between the ice pack and the lotus lucky bamboo, so as to prevent the water seeping out after the ice block thaws, affecting the respiration of the plant and starting to damage the leaves due to excessive low temperature.

Or, as another preferred solution, the method is to store and transport lotus Lucky bamboo without removing leaves, after being treated with 300 mg/L AgNO ₃ .

Preferably, the method is to remove 2/3 of the leaves of the lotus flower and lucky bamboo from the bottom, treat with AgNO ₃ at a concentration of 400 mg/L, and then store and transport on ice.

Preferably, the AgNO ₃ is treated by spraying the surface of the leaves or soaking the whole lotus plant in the AgNO ₃ solution.

Preferably, the AgNO ₃ treatment time is 24 hours.

Preferably, the lotus lucky bamboo is packaged and transported immediately after being harvested, so as to reduce the time away from the soil.

The present invention finds that the lotus rich bamboo leaves are not removed, and treated with 200mg/L AgNO ₃ , the best fresh-keeping effect can be achieved when stored and transported with ice. At this time, the lotus flower and lucky bamboo appeared yellowing on the 8th day, and the yellowing rate was only 0.04%, and the yellowing rate was only 0.97% on the 10th day. It can be seen that the above-mentioned treatment method can achieve a significant fresh-keeping effect and is suitable for practical use. Long-term storage during storage and transportation.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention only uses a certain concentration of _AgNO3 to treat the lotus lucky bamboo, which can effectively reduce the yellowing rate of its leaves, has good fresh-keeping effect, is convenient to use, and is convenient for storage and transportation. The present invention finds that after being treated with a certain concentration of AgNO ₃ , the yellowing rate of lotus lucky bamboo is in the range of 0.97-11.08% after 10 days of storage, and its yellowing rate can be significantly reduced compared with that not treated with AgNO ₃ . AgNO ₃ is an effective ethylene inhibitor. AgNO ₃ is also used in the storage and preservation of flowers, but most of them are combined with other nutrients to form a fresh-keeping solution to delay aging.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is the picture of the lotus lucky bamboo experimental treatment process; A is the material selection and cleaning before the experiment; B is the 2cm thick foam box used in the experiment; C is the non-ice treatment group; D is the ice treatment group.

Fig. 2 is a comparison of the yellowing rate of Bambusa fortunei in four different treatments.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the technical field.

The lotus lucky bamboo described in the embodiment of the present invention is provided by Yinhe Gardening. Each plant is about 40 centimeters high and has about 55 leaves. Plants with strong branches and leaves, no pests and diseases, no yellow leaves, and similar sizes are selected for experiments. For the experimental group that 2/3 leaves are removed from the bottom, only 15 leaves on the top remain; another kind of treatment is not to remove the leaves.

When AgNO ₃ solutions with different concentrations are used for treatment, since AgNO ₃ is easily decomposed when exposed to light, the bottle containing the solution is wrapped with black paper. After the treatment, the lotus lucky bamboo was wrapped with newspaper, placed in foam boxes with or without ice cubes respectively, sealed, and the ice was changed every two days, and the yellowing percentage of the leaves was observed and recorded.

After the treatment of the lotus bamboo, the yellowing area percentage of each leaf was recorded every 2 days, and then the yellowing rate of a single plant can be obtained. Yellowing rate of a single plant (%) = Σ (yellowing percentage of a single leaf) / total number of leaves in a single plant. Finally, calculate the average yellowing rate of the whole group.

Example 1

In this embodiment, the lotus lucky bamboo with 2/3 leaves removed from the bottom is treated with AgNO ₃ and then stored under the condition _of ice. 300mg/L, 400mg/L, 500mg/L, and distilled water as a control treatment, soaking treatment for 24h, the yellowing rate records are shown in Table 1. It can be seen from Table 1 that under ice storage conditions, the lotus bamboo with 2/3 leaves removed began to yellow on the 4th day of storage, and the earliest yellowing was the experimental group treated with 200mg/L and 300mg/LAgNO ₃ , the yellow flower rate is 0.14% and 0.81% respectively, but the yellowing rate is extremely low, which is most likely caused by individual differences. Although the selection of materials should try to choose the same growth as possible, but the differences among individuals cannot be avoided. resulting in yellowing. Comparing the yellowing rate on the 10th day, we can know that after treatment with AgNO ₃ at a concentration of 50-400mg/L, the yellowing rate is lower than the 18.28% of the control group, so this series of concentrations have a certain inhibitory effect on the yellowing of the lotus and Lucky Bamboo , and the inhibitory effect also increased with the increase of concentration. When treated with 100-400 mg/L AgNO ₃ , compared with the control group, the yellowing rate decreased by 39.4-47.0%, indicating that AgNO ₃ treatment can significantly reduce the yellowing rate. Among them, 400mg/L AgNO ₃ has the most significant fresh-keeping effect, and its yellowing rate is only 9.69%. Treated with a high concentration of 500mg/L AgNO ₃ , after 10 days, the yellowing rate was as high as 20.76%. The yellowing rate of 18.28% is higher than that of the distilled water control group, indicating that the concentration not only has no inhibitory effect on the yellowing effect, but promotes the yellowing of the plants.

Table 1 Comparison of the yellowing rate of AgNO ₃ and adding ice to the lotus with 2/3 leaves removed

Example 2

In this example, the unleaved lotus lucky bamboo was treated with _AgNO3 and then stored under the condition of ice, and the concentration of _AgNO3 treatment was set to 50mg/L, 100mg/L, 200mg/L, 300mg/L, 400mg respectively /L, 500mg/L, and distilled water as a control treatment, soaking treatment for 24h, its yellowing rate records are shown in Table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, the control group and the experimental groups treated with 50, 100, and 500 mg/L AgNO ₃ appeared yellowing on the 6th day, and the treatment of 200, 300, and 400 mg/L AgNO ₃ appeared yellowing on the 8th day, but the overall In terms of the yellowing rate of the experimental group treated with a concentration of 100-400 mg/L AgNO ₃ in the range of 0.04-0.23% on the 6th day, the yellowing rate is extremely low, which shows that the above-mentioned concentration is relatively comparable. Good preservation effect. On the 10th day, compared with the control group, the yellowing rate of the experimental group treated with 100-400 mg/L AgNO ₃ was reduced by 14.2-56.9%, indicating that the treatment of AgNO ₃ reduced the yellowing rate of the lotus bamboo. Fresh-keeping effect; especially when treated with 200-300 mg/L AgNO ₃ , it has the most significant fresh-keeping effect, and its yellowing rate is only 0.97-0.99%. Among them, when the AgNO ₃ treatment concentration is 200 mg/L, its yellowing The rate is only 0.97%, and the preservation effect is the best.

Table 2 Comparison of the yellowing rate of AgNO ₃ and adding ice on the lotus bamboo without removing the leaves

 

Example 3

In this example _, the lotus lucky bamboo without leaves was treated with AgNO ₃ and then stored under ice-free conditions. L, 500mg/L, and take distilled water as contrast treatment, soaking treatment is 24h, and its yellowing rate record is shown in Table 3. It can be seen from Table 3 that on the 10th day of the experiment, the yellowing rate of the experimental group treated with 100-400 mg/L AgNO ₃ was reduced by 30.8-45.5% compared with the control group, indicating that the AgNO ₃ treatment of lotus lucky bamboo has Significantly reduces the effect of yellowing rate. Among them, 300mg/L AgNO ₃ has the most significant fresh-keeping effect, and its yellowing rate is only 8.47%. The yellowing rate of 16.09% treated with high concentration of 500mg/L AgNO ₃ is higher than the 15.54% of the control group, indicating that this concentration not only has no inhibitory effect on the yellowing effect, but promotes the yellowing of the plant, while other concentrations are beneficial to the lotus. The yellowing of bamboo has a certain inhibitory effect. By comparison with Example 2, the yellowing rate of lotus lucky bamboo was 0.97% after being treated with 200 mg/L AgNO ₃ when stored in ice, and the yellowing rate under ice-free conditions after being treated with 300 mg/L AgNO ₃ The rate is 8.47%. Therefore, the yellowing rate of lotus and lucky bamboo is much higher in the absence of ice than in the presence of ice. This is mainly because the presence of ice reduces the activity of the enzymes that synthesize ethylene, which reduces the amount of ethylene synthesized, so it is more conducive to the storage, transportation and freshness of lotus lucky bamboo under the condition of ice than without ice.

Table 3 Comparison of the yellowing rate of AgNO ₃ and no ice on the lotus bamboo without removing the leaves

 

Comparative example 1

In this comparative example, the lotus lucky bamboo with 2/3 leaves removed _from the bottom was treated with AgNO ₃ and then stored under ice-free conditions. L, 400mg/L, 500mg/L, and distilled water as a control treatment, soaking treatment is 24h, and its yellowing rate records are shown in Table 4. Comparing this comparative example with Example 1, the same is to remove 2/3 of the leaves. When the same concentration of _AgNO3 is processed, the yellowing rate of the lotus lucky bamboo in the absence of ice is far higher than that in the presence of ice. On the 10th day, In this comparative example, when the concentration of AgNO ₃ is 400 mg/L, the yellowing rate reaches the lowest value of 25.11%, while that in Example 1 is only 9.69%, a difference of 15.42%, and the preservation effect is poor under the treatment conditions of this comparative example. The results showed that for the Bambusa basilicum with 2/3 leaves removed, storage and transportation with ice could reduce the yellowing rate of the leaves during storage and transportation. Comparing this comparative example with Example 3, both are stored under ice-free conditions. When treated with the same concentration of _AgNO3 , the yellowing rate of the lotus lucky bamboo when removing 2/3 of the leaves is far higher than that under the condition of not removing the leaves. In 10 days, the minimum yellowing rate of this comparative example reached 25.11%, while the minimum yellowing rate of Example 3 reached 8.47%, a difference of 16.64%, and the preservation effect was poor under the treatment conditions of this comparative example. The results showed that, for the ice-free storage and transportation conditions, not removing the leaves could reduce the yellowing rate of the leaves of Bambusa fortunei during storage and transportation.

Table 4 Comparison of the yellowing rate of AgNO ₃ and no ice on the lotus with 2/3 leaves removed

 

Compare the yellowing rate of Bambusa pachyrhiza in the four experimental groups of Example and Comparative Example, and the results are shown in Figure 2. It can be seen from Figure 2 that at the end of the experiment (the 10th day), under the two conditions of ice and no ice, putting ice cubes during storage is more conducive to the preservation of lotus and lucky bamboo. For the factor of whether to remove the leaves of the lotus bamboo, the yellowing rate of the lotus bamboo without removing the leaves is lower than that of removing 2/3 leaves. Therefore, it can be concluded that the experimental group with no leaves removed + ice has the best fresh-keeping effect, while the yellowing rate of the experimental group with 2/3 leaves removed + no ice is the highest, so this experimental group has the worst fresh-keeping effect. The yellowing rate of the two experimental groups with 2/3 leaves removed + ice and leaves removed + no ice was not much different, so the treatment effects of these two experimental groups were similar. To sum up, in the actual storage and transportation process, the lotus lucky bamboo with no leaves removed + ice is suitable for long-term storage.

Claims (7)

1. a storage fresh-keeping method for lotus fairy bamboo, is characterized in that, with 100 ~ 400 mg/L AgNO ₃process lotus fairy bamboo.

2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method is lotus fairy bamboo not defoliation, and with 200 ~ 300 mg/L AgNO ₃store and transport after process.

3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described method is lotus fairy bamboo not defoliation, with 200 mg/L AgNO ₃after process, storing on the rocks.

4. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described method is lotus fairy bamboo not defoliation, with 300 mg/L AgNO ₃after process, storing not on the rocks.

5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method is the AgNO with 400 mg/L after the leaf removing 2/3 lotus fairy bamboo from bottom ₃after process, storing on the rocks.

6. the method according to any one of claim 1 ~ 5, is characterized in that, described AgNO ₃the mode of process is for evenly spraying to blade surface or whole strain lotus fairy bamboo being immersed in described AgNO ₃in solution.

7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described AgNO ₃the time of process is 24h.