CN104470006B - Flexible graphite sheet twisting type electric heating tube and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Flexible graphite sheet twisting type electric heating tube and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种柔性石墨片缠绕式电加热管及其制备方法，采用超薄柔性石墨片作为电加热元件缠绕于绝缘体的外表面，然后在超薄柔性石墨片的两端采用紫铜箔作为电极并与市电相连，由此对绝缘体内表面水进行加热，实现即热式水电分离式电加热管；石墨片外层包裹有绝缘绝热材料以进行电绝缘和保温处理，该绝缘绝热材料为玻璃纤维布和/或聚四氟乙稀高温布；本发明加热器的热流密度可达到0.6～0.8MW/m2；同时解决高热流密度下加热管外表面温度过高存在的安全性问题和加热管内部流体区域发生沸腾不稳定现象导致的爆管问题，安全性很好。
A flexible graphite sheet wound electric heating tube and its preparation method, using ultra-thin flexible graphite sheet as an electric heating element wound on the outer surface of an insulator, and then using red copper foil as an electrode at both ends of the ultra-thin flexible graphite sheet and communicating with the market Electrically connected, thereby heating the water on the inner surface of the insulator to realize the instant hot water and electricity separation electric heating tube; the outer layer of the graphite sheet is wrapped with an insulating material for electrical insulation and heat preservation treatment. The insulating material is glass fiber cloth and /or polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature cloth; the heat flux density of the heater of the present invention can reach 0.6-0.8MW/m 2 ; at the same time, it solves the safety problem of the excessively high temperature of the outer surface of the heating tube under high heat flux density and the fluid inside the heating tube The explosion problem caused by boiling instability in the area is very safe.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及的是一种日常用品领域的技术，具体是一种柔性石墨片缠绕式电加热管及其制备方法。The invention relates to a technology in the field of daily necessities, in particular to a flexible graphite sheet winding electric heating tube and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
即热式电热水器在我们的日常生活中应用得越来越广泛，相对于贮水式电热水器来说，其体积小功率大，加热速度快。要保证即热式电热水器的安全，最重要的是看其加热方法。目前的加热方法都或多或少地存在一些问题，还有待改进。Instant electric water heaters are more and more widely used in our daily life. Compared with storage-type electric water heaters, they are small in size, high in power, and fast in heating speed. To ensure the safety of the instant electric water heater, the most important thing is to look at its heating method. There are more or less problems in the current heating methods, which still need to be improved.
通过调查现有即热式电热水器的现状，我们发现金属电热管加热容易结水垢，而且在高热流密度下容易烧坏，表面镀膜加热对镀膜工艺要求比较严格，成本较高，另外，现有的采用镀膜石英管加热的即热式电热水器存在爆管问题，安全性能不好。By investigating the status quo of existing instant electric water heaters, we found that metal electric heating tubes are prone to scaling and burnout under high heat flux. Surface coating heating requires strict coating process and high cost. In addition, the existing The instant electric water heater heated by coated quartz tubes has the problem of tube bursting, and the safety performance is not good.
石墨片是一种全新的导热材料，其沿两个方向导热均匀,表面可以与金属、塑胶、不干胶等其它材料组合以满足更多的设计功能和需要；具有高的导热系数(150～1200W/m·k)，其导热性能比金属的导热还好,其耐温可达400℃，热阻低，是一种比较理想的加热材料。目前已经具备稳定和高效的石墨片的工业生产技术，柔性石墨片的成本低廉，耐高温且性能稳定，为我们的新型电加热器的研发奠定了基础。Graphite sheet is a brand-new heat-conducting material, which conducts heat evenly in two directions. The surface can be combined with other materials such as metal, plastic, and stickers to meet more design functions and needs; it has a high thermal conductivity (150～ 1200W/m·k), its thermal conductivity is better than that of metal, its temperature resistance can reach 400°C, and its thermal resistance is low, so it is an ideal heating material. At present, we already have the industrial production technology of stable and efficient graphite sheet. The cost of flexible graphite sheet is low, high temperature resistance and stable performance, which laid the foundation for the research and development of our new electric heater.
经过对现有技术的检索发现，中国专利文献号CN103801227A公开(公告)日2014.05.21，公开了一种人造金刚石石墨管式加热结构，其用于对一合成柱进行加热，其包括叶腊石块、钢帽、石墨片、石墨管、陶瓷杯以及钢杯；其中，所述叶腊石块位于最外层；所述钢帽分别设置于叶腊石块的顶部和底部；所述钢帽的底部抵接于石墨片上；所述钢杯、陶瓷杯、石墨管依次包覆于合成柱上；所述石墨片位于石墨管的上下两端；所述石墨管为无接口的石墨管。该技术的人造金刚石石墨管式加热结构采用压制的石墨管，其密度高且均匀，同时没有接口，对合成柱加热时具有发热均匀，加热速度快，有利于金刚石的生长。但该技术采用石墨管作为加热元件，发热元件的电阻会很小，需要匹配特殊的小电压大电流电源才能使用，因此只适用于特殊的工业生产过程，而不能普遍适用于常规民用220伏或110伏的电源。After searching the prior art, it was found that the Chinese Patent Document No. CN103801227A was published (announced) on 2014.05.21, disclosing a synthetic diamond graphite tube heating structure, which is used to heat a synthesis column, which includes pyrophyllite blocks, Steel cap, graphite sheet, graphite tube, ceramic cup and steel cup; wherein, the pyrophyllite block is located in the outermost layer; the steel cap is respectively arranged on the top and bottom of the pyrophyllite block; the bottom of the steel cap abuts against the graphite on the sheet; the steel cup, the ceramic cup, and the graphite tube are sequentially coated on the synthesis column; the graphite sheet is located at the upper and lower ends of the graphite tube; the graphite tube is a graphite tube without an interface. The artificial diamond graphite tube heating structure of this technology adopts pressed graphite tube, which has high density and uniformity, and has no interface at the same time. When heating the synthetic column, it has uniform heat generation and fast heating speed, which is beneficial to the growth of diamond. However, this technology uses graphite tubes as heating elements, and the resistance of the heating elements will be very small. It needs to be matched with a special low-voltage and high-current power supply. 110 volt power supply.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对现有技术存在的上述不足，提出一种柔性石墨片缠绕式电加热管及其制备方法，采用厚度为0.01mm～0.5mm超薄柔性石墨片作为加热元件，缠绕在绝缘体表面对被加热物体进行加热，在石墨片外面包裹绝缘绝热材料，进行电绝缘和保温处理。本发明具有稳定耐用、高能高效、成本低廉和制作工艺简单的特点，通过控制其厚度和缠绕方式容易加工并匹配合适的电阻，适用于各种不同的电源类型；其良好的柔性特点，也适用于各种不同形状和功率的被加热物体，可广泛应用于各类电加热设备，既适用于大批量工业生产，也使用于实验室简易高能加热器的设计和制作。Aiming at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a flexible graphite sheet winding type electric heating tube and a preparation method thereof, which adopts an ultra-thin flexible graphite sheet with a thickness of 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm as a heating element, and is wound on the surface of an insulator to be heated. The heating object is heated, and the insulating material is wrapped outside the graphite sheet for electrical insulation and heat preservation treatment. The invention has the characteristics of stability and durability, high energy and high efficiency, low cost and simple manufacturing process. It is easy to process and match suitable resistance by controlling its thickness and winding method, and is suitable for various power supply types; its good flexibility is also suitable for Suitable for heated objects of various shapes and powers, it can be widely used in various types of electric heating equipment, not only for mass industrial production, but also for the design and production of simple high-energy heaters in laboratories.
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
本发明涉及一种柔性石墨片缠绕式电加热管的制备方法，采用超薄柔性石墨片作为电加热元件缠绕于绝缘体的外表面，然后在超薄柔性石墨片的两端采用紫铜箔作为电极并与电源相连，由此对绝缘体内表面水进行加热，实现即热式水电分离式电加热管。The invention relates to a preparation method of a flexible graphite sheet winding type electric heating tube. The ultra-thin flexible graphite sheet is used as an electric heating element to be wound on the outer surface of an insulator, and then copper foil is used as an electrode at both ends of the ultra-thin flexible graphite sheet. It is connected with the power supply, thereby heating the water on the inner surface of the insulator, and realizes the electric heating tube of the instantaneous water and electricity separation type.
所述的石墨片外层包裹有绝缘绝热材料以进行电绝缘和保温处理，该绝缘绝热材料优选为玻璃纤维布和/或聚四乙稀高温布。The outer layer of the graphite sheet is wrapped with an insulating and heat-insulating material for electrical insulation and thermal insulation treatment, and the insulating and heat-insulating material is preferably glass fiber cloth and/or polytetraethylene high-temperature cloth.
本发明涉及上述方法制备得到的柔性石墨片缠绕式电加热管，可以实现0.6～0.8MW/m2的热流密度可达，且石墨的电阻率具有负温度效应，其制成的加热管不会随时间而降低功率；The invention relates to a flexible graphite sheet wound electric heating tube prepared by the above method, which can achieve a heat flux density of 0.6-0.8MW /m2, and the resistivity of graphite has a negative temperature effect, and the heating tube made of it will not Power reduction over time;
所述的超薄柔性石墨片的厚度为0.01mm～0.5mm。The thickness of the ultra-thin flexible graphite sheet is 0.01mm-0.5mm.
所述的绝缘体采用但不限于石英玻璃、陶瓷、阳极氧化绝缘铝合金和/或经表面处理的不导电管材。The insulator uses, but is not limited to, quartz glass, ceramics, anodized insulating aluminum alloy and/or surface-treated non-conductive pipes.
技术效果technical effect
与现有技术相比，本发明采用超薄柔性石墨片作为电加热元件，其导热系数高，加热管表面的温度均匀性好，且石墨片耐高温，加热过程中能够保持良好的完整性。可以实现极高的热流密度(0.6～0.8MW/m2)。Compared with the prior art, the present invention uses ultra-thin flexible graphite sheet as the electric heating element, which has high thermal conductivity, good temperature uniformity on the surface of the heating tube, and the graphite sheet is resistant to high temperature, and can maintain good integrity during the heating process. It can realize extremely high heat flux density (0.6～0.8MW/m 2 ).
对于1支有效加热长度(电极之间的距离)为100mm长，外径为20mm的电加热管，加热功率可以达到约3700～4900kW的功率；同时解决高热流密度下加热管外表面温度过高存在的安全性问题和加热管内部流体区域发生沸腾不稳定现象导致的爆管问题，安全性很好。For an electric heating tube with an effective heating length (distance between electrodes) of 100mm and an outer diameter of 20mm, the heating power can reach a power of about 3700-4900kW; at the same time, it solves the problem of excessive temperature on the outer surface of the heating tube under high heat flux The existing safety problems and the tube explosion problem caused by boiling instability in the fluid area inside the heating tube are very safe.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明，本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following implementation example.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示，本实施例包括：绝缘加热管基体1、缠绕于加热管基体外表面超薄柔性石墨片3及其两端的紫铜箔电极2和石墨片外层包裹绝缘绝热材料4。As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment includes: an insulating heating tube base 1, an ultra-thin flexible graphite sheet 3 wound on the outer surface of the heating tube base and copper foil electrodes 2 at both ends thereof, and an insulating and heat-insulating material 4 wrapped on the outer layer of the graphite sheet.
所述的绝缘加热管基体采用了导热性很好的氧化铝陶瓷管1，它是一种以氧化铝Al2O3为主体的陶瓷材料，具有较好的传导性、机械强度高，而且耐高温性，在0.8MW/m2高热流密度下，陶瓷管外表面的温度不超过400℃，安全性好。The base body of the insulated heating tube adopts alumina ceramic tube 1 with good thermal conductivity, which is a ceramic material mainly composed of alumina Al 2 O 3 , has good conductivity, high mechanical strength, and is resistant to High temperature performance, under the high heat flux density of 0.8MW/m 2 , the temperature of the outer surface of the ceramic tube does not exceed 400°C, and the safety is good.
所述的加热管的加热元件采用石墨片3，其导热系数高，加热管表面的温度均匀性好，且石墨片耐高温，加热过程中能够保持良好的完整性。且柔性石墨片易于剪裁，可以根据不同的需要方便的制作出不同形状并匹配电源、功率和电阻；同时超薄柔性石墨片具有很好的柔韧性能完美的缠绕或贴合在被加热绝缘体表面和具有优异的横向导热性能1000W/m·K，能实现热量高效的传递，使设计出的加热器具有高能高效的特点。The heating element of the heating tube adopts graphite sheet 3, which has high thermal conductivity and good temperature uniformity on the surface of the heating tube, and the graphite sheet is resistant to high temperature and can maintain good integrity during the heating process. And the flexible graphite sheet is easy to cut, and can be conveniently made into different shapes according to different needs and match the power supply, power and resistance; at the same time, the ultra-thin flexible graphite sheet has good flexibility and can be perfectly wound or attached to the surface of the heated insulator and It has excellent lateral thermal conductivity of 1000W/m·K, which can realize efficient heat transfer, so that the designed heater has the characteristics of high energy and high efficiency.
所述的加热管在超薄柔性石墨片两端采用紫铜箔2作为电极接普通电源，石墨片外层包裹绝缘绝热材料4例如玻璃纤维布、聚四乙稀高温布等进行电绝缘和保温处理。这种水电分离式电加热管可以实现极高的热流密度。The heating tube adopts red copper foil 2 at both ends of the ultra-thin flexible graphite sheet as electrodes to connect to a common power supply, and the outer layer of the graphite sheet is wrapped with an insulating material 4 such as glass fiber cloth, polytetraethylene high-temperature cloth, etc. for electrical insulation and heat preservation. . This water and electricity separation type electric heating tube can achieve extremely high heat flux density.
本实施实例中，所述的陶瓷管1长度为120mm，直径为16mm，石墨片3厚度为0.05mm，长度为800mm，宽度为4mm；把石墨片以蛇形缠绕的方式缠绕在陶瓷管1外占据80mm管长，在石墨片3的两端分别连上紫铜箔电极2，然后在石墨片外表面包裹一层高温绝缘绝热玻璃纤维布4并粘贴固定，此方法制作简单，造价低廉，制作的加热管功率可达到3KW以上，热流密度可达到70W/cm2，具有很好的实用价值。In this implementation example, the length of the ceramic tube 1 is 120 mm, the diameter is 16 mm, the thickness of the graphite sheet 3 is 0.05 mm, the length is 800 mm, and the width is 4 mm; the graphite sheet is wound outside the ceramic tube 1 in a serpentine winding mode Occupying a tube length of 80mm, copper foil electrodes 2 are respectively connected to both ends of the graphite sheet 3, and then a layer of high-temperature insulating and heat-insulating glass fiber cloth 4 is wrapped on the outer surface of the graphite sheet and pasted and fixed. This method is simple to manufacture and low in cost. The power of the heating tube can reach more than 3KW, and the heat flux density can reach 70W/cm 2 , which has very good practical value.
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| CN104768243A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-07-08 | 上海交通大学 | Graphite sheet electric heating element and preparation method thereof |
| CN104946862A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-09-30 | 柳州市建西机械铸造厂 | Heat treatment device |
| CN105860938B (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2018-11-23 | 上海交通大学 | Strengthen the graphite film and preparation method thereof of critical heat flux density |
| CN112524794B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2024-12-06 | 广东欧亚冠金属新材料有限公司 | Instantaneous pipe heater and manufacturing method thereof |
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| FR2658692B1 (en) * | 1990-02-16 | 1992-06-05 | Chauffe Cie Gle | ELECTROTHERMAL GENERATOR FOR HEATING LIQUID, WITH AN ELECTRICALLY RESISTANT SPIRAL TAPE ON A TUBE CROSSED BY THE LIQUID. |
| CN1025932C (en) * | 1992-07-16 | 1994-09-14 | 山东大学 | Method for making electric heating film decal paper and application |
| CN200953714Y (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2007-09-26 | 吴长欣 | Heat conduction plate |
| DE102011018243A1 (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-10-25 | Voss Automotive Gmbh | Multi-layer electrically heatable media line |
-
2014
- 2014-12-15 CN CN201410778262.0A patent/CN104470006B/en active Active
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