CN104465155A - Off-circuit tap-changer for transformation after force discharging of moving contact - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a non-excitation tap changer after the moving contact is unloaded. A head system and a cam system; the number of moving contact groups is 1 to 3. The tap changer can be single-phase, 2-phase, 3-phase non-excitation tap-changer with different current loads. The present invention is mainly to break the fixed thinking of the conventional non-excitation tap-changer structure that shifts gears by directly overcoming the resistance dead point, and adopts a brand-new way that dares to break through, skillfully uses the internal groove wheel mechanism that occupies a small space Advantages, using the perfect cooperation between the gear mechanism and the cam mechanism, it completely solves the problem that the non-excitation tap-changer can ensure the reliable contact and stability of the moving contact and the static contact under normal working conditions, so that the tap-changer can switch gears. Shift gears with ease. <b/>

Description

A kind of non-excitation tap changer after the moving contact is unloaded

technical field

The present invention belongs to the field of off-excitation tap-changers, and in particular relates to an off-excitation tap-changer which transforms after the force of the moving contact is unloaded.

Background technique

There are three types of moving contact structures for non-excitation drum tap-changers on the market: wedge-shaped moving contact mechanism, rolling ring-type moving contact mechanism, and arc-shaped (or curved surface) sliding-type moving contact mechanism.

The wedge-shaped moving contact mechanism has been used for many years and is a product designed in the 1980s. The obvious disadvantage of this structure is that the shift positioning is not simple, and the operator needs to turn the shift handle to make the crankshaft rotate 370°, and then turn back 10° The corner is in the next gear, and there is no hand feeling, so the operator is often confused when shifting gears; and the shifting gear cannot be reversed. If there is an overshift and a callback is required, the operator has to continue to rotate in the same direction to the required callback. position, so the operation is inconvenient; in order to ensure the contact pressure of the contact, increase the pressure of the contact spring of the moving contact, thereby increasing the rotational torque of the switch, especially for two-phase, three-phase or high-current switches, the rotational torque is even greater, Enough to damage the switch mechanism, so the structure can not do high current switch and two-phase, three-phase switch.

Pure rolling circular ring moving contact mechanism, this structure is limited by the structure, the smaller the moving contact ring, the torque will increase; the larger the moving contact ring will shorten the insulation distance with the adjacent contacts, so The moving contact ring cannot be made too large, which will lead to a large switching torque. Therefore, the obvious disadvantage of this structure is that the switching torque is large and the ring contacts are easily deformed; moreover, when the contacts of this structure are in contact, the spring force is the smallest. , but the spring pressure is the largest when shifting gears, which is a phenomenon that should be avoided as much as possible when making switches.

The arc surface (or curved surface) sliding moving contact mechanism, the obvious disadvantage of this structure is that the torque is too large. This is due to structural limitations. The curvature of the arc is small, the torque increases, and the width of the contact increases when the curvature of the arc is large. Large, it will shorten the insulation distance with the adjacent contacts, so the width of the moving contact cannot be made too large; moreover, when the contacts of this structure are in contact, the spring force is the smallest, but when shifting gears, it is the spring pressure Most importantly, this is also a phenomenon that switches should be avoided as much as possible.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve many technical defects of the existing non-excitation tap changer, and provide an unloading type dynamic tap changer with easy shifting after unloading, contact at the maximum pressure of the contact, small rotational torque, and reliable positioning. Contact off-circuit tap-changer.

A non-excitation tap-changer that transforms after the moving contact is unloaded, which mainly includes: a main shaft, a gear indicator rod, a shield cover, a gear system, a sheave system, a contact bracket, a moving contact system, a static contact system, cam system;

- the main shaft, which is used to provide the rotational torque for the switching gear system and the cam system;

——The gear indicator rod is fixed on the main shaft by screws and rotates with the main shaft to indicate the gear position;

——The shielding cover, set on the main shaft, is used to balance the tip electric field distribution of gear 1 and gear 2, and improve the insulation performance of the switch;

——Gear system, including gear 1, rotating shaft and gear 2, used to distribute the rotation ratio of the two shafts at 5:6 to ensure their respective rotation angles and transmit power to the sheave system; the rotating shaft is set parallel to the main shaft, and gear 1 Set and fixed on the rotating shaft, the second gear is set on the main shaft, and the first gear and the second gear are meshed with each other;

——The grooved wheel system, including the grooved part, the roller, the grooved wheel, and the roller is fixedly connected with the grooved part; they are all located in the groove of the grooved wheel; the operation of the system is powered by the grooved part to drive the rollers One rotates 360°, and the roller moves the sheave to rotate 60°; its function is to accept the 360° rotation angle of the gear system, output the 60° rotation angle of the sheave, and supply the 60° rotation angle of the contact bracket to realize the switch contact precise positioning of the head;

——Contact bracket, including lower support, upper support and connectors, the upper support is tightly connected with the sheave through screws; one end of the lower support is set on the rotating shaft through a bearing; the contact support is rigidly connected with the sheave , and follow the sheave to achieve a 60° rotation; its function is to accept the 60° angle of the sheave rotation, and transmit its rotation position angle to the moving contact system, so that the moving contact system can achieve precise positioning;

——Moving contact system, including supporting parts, moving contact group, connecting pin group, spring group, gasket group; moving contact group is composed of 5 moving contacts, overlapped on the connecting pin group; It is composed of 2 connecting pins; the gasket set is composed of 4 gaskets, which are respectively located between the two overlapping moving contacts; the number of spring groups is equal to the number of moving contacts, and they correspond to the moving contacts one by one Free contact, the support is in contact with the spring set;

——The static contact system, including the static contact group and the first mounting plate, the second mounting plate, and the third mounting plate; the static contact group consists of 6 static contacts. The first mounting plate, the second mounting plate, and the third mounting plate are parallel to each other and fixed on the static contact group; this system constitutes the skeleton of the entire switchgear, used to carry all the mechanisms of the switchgear, and is connected with the moving contact. The system jointly realizes the conduction function and shifting function of the switch device;

——The cam system, including the cam, the rotating shaft, the short shaft, and the second roller; the cam is set and fixed on the rotating shaft, and is in contact with the second roller at the same time; the second roller is set on the short shaft, and the short shaft is fixedly connected with the supporting member; The cam and the rotating shaft of the cam system are rigidly connected to the main shaft through pins, and the cam and the rotating shaft follow the rotation of the main shaft 1, and rotate 300° every time a gear is changed;

When the tap changer is working, the moving contact system is rigidly connected with the sheave, and the locking circle 2 of the sheave meshes with the locking circle of the slotting part, so that the sheave cannot rotate at a fixed angle position, thereby ensuring the moving contact system The precise positioning of the cam; the arc of the big head of the cam in the cam system is in contact with the second roller, and the moving contact system is pushed to the maximum position through the second roller, forcing the moving contact group to be in tight contact with the static contact. At this time, the compression amount of the spring group is the largest, so that the contact pressure between the moving contact group and the static contact group is the largest, ensuring reliable contact;

When the on-load tap-changer shifts gears, the transmission ratio of gear 2 and gear 1 is 5:6. When the main shaft rotates 50°, gear 2 and the cam also rotate 50°, and gear 1 4 and the slotting piece rotate 60°. At this time, the large circular arc of the cam leaves the second roller, the moving contact system is in a free state without moving support, and the spring is unloaded; the main shaft continues to rotate, and the curved surface 1 and curved surface 2 of the cam gradually give the moving contact system a pre-load. Leave more movable positions, and the grooved part drives the roller to rotate the grooved wheel. At this moment, the component force of the friction force of the guide rail groove acts on the contact point between the static contact group and the moving contact group, and the static contact group is cleared. Contact foreign matter on the contact point of the moving contact group; when the main shaft rotates to 200°, the gear 2 and the cam also rotate 200°, the gear 1 and the slotting piece rotate 240°, and the sheave rotates 60° at this time, and all The above-mentioned moving contact system rotates 60° to reach the correct position of the next gear, and at this moment, the locking circle 2 of the sheave engages with the locking circle of the shifting part, so that the sheave cannot continue to rotate at a fixed angle position; when the main shaft When it rotates to 300°, the gear 2 and the cam also rotate 300°, the gear 1 and the slotting piece rotate 360°, the gear 1 and the slotting piece return to the initial state, and the big head arc of the cam contacts with the roller 2 again. The second child pushes the moving contact system to the maximum position, forcing the moving contact group to be in tight contact with the static contact group. At this time, the compression amount of the spring group is the largest, returning to the initial state, and the shifting is completed, realizing its easy shifting. block.

The number of the moving contact groups is 1-3.

The tap changer can be single-phase, 2-phase, 3-phase non-excitation tap-changer with different current loads.

The present invention is mainly to break the fixed thinking of the conventional non-excitation tap-changer structure that shifts gears by directly overcoming the dead point of resistance, and uses a brand-new way of daring to break through, skillfully using the internal groove wheel mechanism to temporarily occupy a small space Advantages, and then use the perfect cooperation between the gear mechanism and the cam mechanism. Completely solve the performance requirements of reliable and stable contact of the off-excitation tap changer, precise contact gear position, and small shifting torque, and can remove foreign objects in contact with the contact (such as: non-conductive carbon, non-conductive in transformer oil) Other substances, etc.), under normal working conditions, it can ensure the reliable contact and stability of the moving contact and the static contact (the contact pressure is the largest), and the gear can be easily shifted when the tap changer is switching gears (the contact pressure is unloaded). , small torque).

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is the main sectional view of the tap changer of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a top sectional view of the tap changer of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of gear system in Fig. 1;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the sheave system in Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the cam system and its contact system in Figure 1.

Detailed ways

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the performance requirements of reliable and stable contact of off-excitation tap changer, accurate contact gear position and small shift torque, and can remove contact contact foreign objects (for example: non-conductive carbon-like objects, Non-conductive other substances in the transformer oil, etc.), the following will be further explained in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, and Fig. 5, a non-excitation tap-changer is transformed after the moving contact is unloaded, including a main shaft 1, a gear indicator rod 2, a shielding cover 3, a gear system, Sheave system, contact bracket, moving contact system, static contact system, cam system.

Main shaft 1 is used to provide rotational torque to the switch gear system and the cam system.

The gear indicating rod 2 is fixed on the main shaft 1 by a screw, rotates with the main shaft 1, and is used for indicating the gear.

The shielding cover 3 is set on the main shaft 1, and is used to balance the tip electric field distribution of the first gear 4 and the second gear 26, and improve the insulation performance of the switch.

The gear system, including gear one 4, rotating shaft 5 and gear two 26, is used to distribute the rotation ratio of the two shafts at 5:6, to ensure their respective rotation angles, and to transmit power to the sheave system; the rotating shaft 5 is arranged parallel to the main shaft 1 , the first gear 4 is set and fixed on the rotating shaft 5, the second gear 26 is set on the main shaft 1, and the first gear 4 and the second gear 26 mesh with each other.

The sheave system comprises a slotting part 6, a roller one 7, a sheave 8, and a roller one 7 is fixedly connected with the slotting part 6; The operation of the system is powered by the slotting member 6, which drives the roller one 7 to rotate 360°, and the roller one 7 moves the sheave 8 to rotate 60°. Its function is to accept the 360° rotation angle of the gear system, the 60° rotation angle of the output sheave, and supply the 60° rotation angle of the contact bracket to realize the precise positioning of the switch contacts;

The contact support includes a lower support 17, a connector 20, and an upper support 25. The upper support 25 is tightly connected to the sheave 8 through screws; one end of the lower support 17 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 19 through a bearing; the contact support It is rigidly connected with the sheave 8, and follows the sheave 8 to realize a rotation of 60°. Its function is to accept the 60° rotation angle of the sheave 8, and transmit its rotation position angle to the moving contact system, so that the moving contact system can achieve precise positioning;

The moving contact system includes moving contact group 10, connecting pin group 13, spring group 14, gasket group 15, and supporting piece 16; On 13; connecting pin group 13 is made up of 2 connecting pin shafts. The gasket group 15 is composed of 4 gaskets, which are respectively located between the two overlapping moving contacts. The number of spring sets 14 is equal to the number of moving contacts, and they are in free contact with the moving contacts one by one, and the supporting member 16 is in contact with the spring sets 14 . The moving contact system is slidably connected with the contact bracket by the guide rail groove, realizes a 60° rotation with the contact bracket under the restraint of the contact bracket, and can move radially in the contact bracket. Its function is that the switch is in reliable contact with the static contact 9 when it is working, and the contact pressure is the largest and the contact position is accurate. When the switch shifts, the contact pressure with the static contact 9 is unloaded, and only the component force of the friction force of the guide rail groove It acts on the contact points of the static contact group 9 and the moving contact group 10, so that the switch can be easily shifted and can also remove contact foreign objects on the contact points of the static contact group 9 and the moving contact group 10 (for example: non-conductive Carbon-like substances in the transformer oil, other non-conductive substances in the transformer oil, etc.);

The static contact system includes a static contact group 9 , a first mounting plate 18 , a second mounting plate 23 , and a third mounting plate 24 . The static contact group 9 is composed of 6 static contacts. The first mounting plate 18, the second mounting plate 23, and the third mounting plate 24 are parallel to each other and fixed on the static contact group 9; this system constitutes the skeleton of the entire switchgear and is used to carry all the mechanisms of the switchgear, and Together with the moving contact system, the conduction function and shifting function of the switchgear are realized, which is the ultimate purpose of the switchgear.

Cam system comprises short shaft 11, roller two 12, rotating shaft 19, cam 21. The cam 21 is set and fixed on the rotating shaft 19, and is in contact with the second roller 12; The cam 21 and the rotating shaft 19 of the cam system are rigidly connected with the main shaft 1 through the pin 22, and the cam 21 and the rotating shaft 19 follow the rotation of the main shaft 1, and rotate 300° every time a gear is changed. Its function is that when the switchgear is in working state, the big head arc 29 of the cam 21 is in contact with the roller 2 12, and the moving contact system is firmly pushed to the working position. At this time, the pressure of the spring group 14 is the largest, and the pressure is completely applied to the static state. The contact point between the contact group 9 and the moving contact group 10, so as to ensure the reliable contact between the static contact group 9 and the moving contact group 10; when the switching device is shifted, the big head arc 29 of the cam 21 is disengaged from the roller 2 12 , the moving contact system rotates and slides with it in the contact bracket, at this time, the pressure of the spring group 14 is completely unloaded on the static contact group 9 and the moving contact group 10, so that the switching device can be easily shifted.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

When the switch is in working state, the moving contact system is rigidly connected with the sheave 8, and the locking circle 28 of the sheave 8 is engaged with the locking circle 1 7 of the slotting member 6, so that the sheave 8 cannot rotate at a fixed angle position, thereby Ensure the precise positioning of the moving contact system. The large arc 29 of the cam 21 in the cam system is in contact with the roller 2 12, and the movable contact system is pushed to the maximum position through the roller 2 12, forcing the movable contact group 10 and the static contact group 9 to be dead. Dead contact, at this time the compression of the spring group 14 is the largest, so that the contact pressure between the moving contact group 10 and the static contact group 9 is the largest, ensuring its reliable contact; at this time, because the arc angle of the big head arc 29 of the cam 21 is 60° , so the rotation accuracy accepted by the main shaft 1 can ensure reliable contact of its contacts within ±30°, and the sheave 8 within ±30° will not move, so the installation error of the switch implemented in the present invention, the transmission rod can It can be very large, so as to ensure that its operation is more reliable.

During the shifting process, the transmission ratio of gear two 26 and gear one 4 is 5:6, when the main shaft 1 rotates 50°, gear two 26 and cam 21 also rotate 50°, gear one 4 and slotting member 6 rotate 60°, At this time, the large arc 29 of the cam 21 leaves the roller 2 12, and the movable contact system is in a free state without moving support, and the spring is unloaded;

Next, the main shaft 1 continues to rotate, and the curved surface 1 30 and curved surface 2 31 of the cam 21 gradually reserve more movable positions for the moving contact system, and the slotting member 6 drives the roller 7 to move the sheave 8 to rotate, At this moment, the component force of the frictional force of the guide rail groove acts on the contact point of the static contact group 9 and the moving contact group 10, and removes the contact foreign matter on the contact points of the static contact group 9 and the moving contact group 10 (for example: non-conductive Carbon, other non-conductive substances in transformer oil, etc.). When the main shaft 1 rotates to 200°, the second gear 26 and the cam 21 also rotate 200°, the first gear 4 and the slotting member 6 rotate 240°, and the sheave rotates 60° at this time, bringing the moving contact system with Rotate 60° to reach the correct position of the next gear, and at this moment, the lock circle 28 of the sheave 8 is engaged with the lock circle 1 7 of the slotting member 6, so that the sheave 8 cannot continue to rotate at a fixed angle position; when the main shaft 1 When rotating to 300 °, the gear two 26 and the cam 21 also rotate 300 °, the gear one 4 and the slotting part 6 rotate 360 °, the gear one 4 and the slotting part 6 return to the initial state, and the big head arc 29 of the cam 21 and the The second roller 12 contacts again, and the movable contact system is pushed to the maximum position by the roller 2 12, forcing the movable contact group 10 to be in dead contact with the static contact group 9, at this time, the compression amount of the spring group 14 is the largest, Return to the initial state, and the shifting ends, realizing its easy shifting.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only a new specific implementation manner of the present invention, and is only used to illustrate the realization of the present invention. However, the present invention can realize non-excitation tap changers with different current loads by adding and subtracting the number of moving contact groups 10, and can also obtain 2-phase and 3-phase different current loads by using 2 or 3 of the above-mentioned embodiments at the same time. off-circuit tap-changer.

Claims (3)

1. A non-excitation tap changer after the moving contact is unloaded, characterized in that: the tap changer mainly includes: main shaft (1), gear indicator rod (2), shielding cover (3), gear system, Sheave system, contact bracket, moving contact system, static contact system, cam system; - the main shaft (1) is used to provide rotational torque to the switching gear system and the cam system; ——The gear indicator rod (2) is fixed on the main shaft (1) by screws, rotates with the main shaft (1), and is used to indicate the gear position; ——The shielding cover (3), which is set on the main shaft (1), is used to balance the tip electric field distribution of the first gear (4) and the second gear (26), and improve the insulation performance of the switch; ——The gear system, including gear one (4), rotating shaft (5) and gear two (26), is used to ensure that the rotation ratio of the two shafts is 5:6, to ensure their respective rotation angles, and to give the sheave system Power transmission; the rotating shaft (5) is set parallel to the main shaft (1), the first gear (4) is set and fixed on the rotating shaft (5), the second gear (26) is set on the main shaft (1), the first gear (4) and the gear Two (26) intermeshed; ——The sheave system includes a slotting piece (6), a roller (7), and a sheave (8); the first roller (7) is fixedly connected with the slotting piece (6); they are all located on the slotting wheel ( 8) in the groove; the operation of the system is powered by the slotting part (6), which drives the roller one (7) to rotate 360°, and the roller one (7) to toggle the sheave (8) to rotate 60°; its The function is to accept the 360° rotation angle of the gear system, the 60° rotation angle of the output sheave, and supply the 60° rotation angle of the contact bracket to realize the precise positioning of the switch contacts; ——The contact bracket includes a lower support (17), a connecting piece (20) and an upper support (25), and the upper support (25) is fastened to the sheave (8) by screws; the lower support (17) One end is set on the rotating shaft (19) through a bearing; the contact bracket is rigidly connected with the sheave (88), and follows the sheave (8) to realize a rotation of 60°; its function is to accept the sheave (8) to rotate 60° °, and transmit its rotation position angle to the moving contact system, so that the moving contact system can achieve precise positioning; ——The moving contact system includes, moving contact group (10), connecting pin group (13), spring group (14), gasket group (15), support piece (16); moving contact group ( 10) It is composed of 5 moving contacts, which are overlapped on the connecting pin group (13); the connecting pin group (13) is composed of 2 connecting pin shafts; the gasket group (15) is composed of 4 gaskets, which are respectively located on the Between the two overlapping moving contacts; the number of spring groups (14) is equal to the number of moving contacts, and they are in free contact with the moving contacts one by one, and the supporting member (16) is in contact with the spring group (14); ——The static contact system includes the static contact group (9) and the first mounting plate (18), the second mounting plate (23), and the third mounting plate (24); the static contact group (9) consists of Composed of 6 static contacts; The first mounting plate (18), the second mounting plate (23), and the third mounting plate (24) are parallel to each other and fixed on the static contact group (9); this system constitutes the skeleton of the entire switchgear and is used It is used to carry all the mechanisms of the switch device, and realize the conduction function and shift function of the switch device together with the moving contact system; ——The cam system includes a short shaft (11), two rollers (12), a rotating shaft (19), and a cam (21); the cam (21) is set and fixed on the rotating shaft (19), and at the same time (12) are in contact with each other; the second roller (12) is set on the short shaft (11), and the short shaft (11) is fixedly connected with the support (16); the cam (21) and the rotating shaft (19) of the cam system are connected with the main shaft (1) Rigidly connected by the pin (22), and the cam (21) and the rotating shaft (19) follow the rotation of the main shaft (1), and rotate 300° every time a gear is changed; When the tap changer is in working state, the moving contact system is rigidly connected with the sheave (8), and the second locking circle (28) of the sheave (8) 8 is engaged with the first locking circle (27) of the slotting member (6) , so that the sheave (8) cannot rotate at a fixed angle position, thereby ensuring the precise positioning of the moving contact system; the big arc (29) of the cam (21) in the cam system is in contact with the roller two (12), through Roller 2 (12) pushes the moving contact system to the maximum position, forcing the moving contact group (10) to be in tight contact with the static contact group (9), at this time the spring group (14) has the largest compression amount, Therefore, the contact pressure between the moving contact group (10) and the static contact group (9) is the largest, ensuring reliable contact; When the on-load tap-changer shifts gears, the transmission ratio of gear two (26) and gear one (4) is 5:6. When the main shaft (1) rotates 50°, gear two (26) and cam (21) also Rotate 50°, gear 1 (4) and slotting piece (6) rotate 60°, at this time the large arc (29) of cam (21) leaves roller 2 (12), the moving contact system has no moving support While in a free state, the spring is unloaded; the main shaft (1) continues to rotate, and the curved surface one (30) and curved surface two (31) of the cam (21) gradually reserve more movable positions for the moving contact system, and The slotting piece (6) drives the roller (7) to rotate the sheave (8), and at this moment the component force of the friction force of the guide rail groove acts on the contact points of the static contact group (9) and the moving contact group (10) , to remove contact foreign objects on the contact points of the static contact group (9) and the moving contact group (10); when the main shaft (1) rotates to 200°, the gear 2 (26) and the cam (21) also rotate 200°, Gear 1 (4) and slotting piece (6) rotate 240°, at this time the sheave rotates 60°, and the moving contact system is rotated 60° to reach the correct position of the next gear, and at this moment the groove The locking circle 2 (28) of the wheel (8) meshes with the locking circle 1 (27) of the slotting piece (6), so that the sheave (8) cannot continue to rotate at a fixed angle; when the main shaft (1) rotates to 300° At this time, the gear two (26) and the cam (21) also rotate 300°, the gear one (4) and the slotting piece (6) rotate 360°, the gear one (4) and the slotting piece (6) return to the initial state, The big arc (29) of the cam (21) is in contact with the second roller (12) again, and the moving contact system is pushed to the maximum position through the second roller (12), forcing the moving contact group (10) to The static contact group (9) is in tight contact, and at this moment, the compression amount of the spring group (14) is the largest, returning to the initial state, and the gear shifting is completed, realizing its easy gear shifting. 2. The non-excitation tap changer after the moving contact is unloaded according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the moving contact groups (10) is 1-3. 3. According to claim 1 or 2, the off-excitation tap-changer is converted after the moving contact is unloaded, characterized in that: the off-excitation tap-changer can be a single-phase, two-phase, or three-phase off-excitation tap with different current loads switch.