CN104464710A - Acoustic sandwich panel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an acoustic sandwich panel and belongs to the field of novel materials. The acoustic sandwich panel comprises a sandwich layer and panel layers adhering to the two sides of the sandwich layer, wherein the sandwich layer is formed by opposite butt joint of multiple hexagonal pyramid units which are in the same size, and sealed cavities are formed between the hexagonal pyramid units after butt joint. According to the acoustic sandwich panel, the characteristic of gradient sound absorption of the hexagonal pyramid structure is utilized, the hexagonal pyramid honeycomb sandwich layer is formed by opposite butt joint of the hexagonal pyramid units, and sound insulation and absorption can be achieved effectively; meanwhile, by means of the opposite butt joint of the hexagonal pyramid units, the strength of the sandwich panel can be improved. Through material change of the panel layers and the hexagonal pyramid units, sound insulation and elimination effects can be improved greatly.

Description

Acoustic Sandwich Panel

technical field

The invention relates to an acoustic interlayer board, specifically an acoustic interlayer board with better sound insulation and sound absorption performance, and belongs to the field of new materials.

Background technique

The acoustic sandwich panel structure has the characteristics of light weight, high rigidity, and impact resistance. It is widely used in the shell structure of automobiles, high-speed trains, ships, submarines, and aerospace vehicles. Noise is transmitted into the cabin or out of the cabin through the structure. In order to improve the acoustics of the structure, the sandwich panel structure has the characteristics of light weight, high rigidity, and impact resistance. It is widely used in the shell structure of automobiles, high-speed trains, ships, submarines, and aerospace vehicles. Noise is transmitted into the cabin or out of the cabin through the structure. outside. In order to improve the sound insulation and sound absorption performance of the structure, sound insulation and sound absorption materials are added between the structures or structures with excellent sound insulation performance are used. However, it is often only effective for specific frequencies, and it is difficult to achieve sound insulation and sound absorption in the full frequency range. In order to realize the sound absorption or sound insulation of the structure, the matching or mismatching of the impedance between the adjacent media of the sound interface must first be satisfied, and it is realized through a special structural form, such as a micro-perforated plate, but it is only effective for a specific frequency; using a gradient change The structure realizes the gradual transition of the impedance, but the preparation of the gradient material is limited by the process and the material itself, and its sound insulation and sound absorption performance cannot achieve the ideal effect.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an acoustic sandwich panel with good sound insulation and sound absorption performance.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the acoustic interlayer panel provided by the present invention includes an interlayer and panel layers bonded on both sides of the interlayer. A closed cavity is formed.

In the present invention, the panel layers are all sound insulation panels, the hexagonal pyramid units are non-porous structures, and the closed cavities between the hexagonal pyramid units form the sound insulation layer.

In the present invention, the panel layers are all sound-absorbing panels, the hexagonal pyramid units have an open-hole structure, and the closed cavities between each hexagonal pyramid unit and each hexagonal pyramid unit form a sound-absorbing layer.

In the present invention, any side panel layer adopts a sound insulation panel, and the other side panel layer adopts a sound absorption panel; the hexagonal pyramid unit bonded to the sound insulation panel is a non-porous structure, and the sound absorption panel is bonded The hexagonal pyramid unit is an open-pore structure.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1), in the present invention, the hexagonal pyramid structure is utilized to have the characteristics of gradual sound absorption, and the hexagonal pyramid honeycomb interlayer is formed by the opposite butt joint of the hexagonal pyramid units, which can effectively perform sound insulation and sound absorption; at the same time, through six The face-to-face connection of the pyramid units can also improve the strength of the sandwich panel; (2), through the use of sound insulation panels and hexagonal pyramid units with a non-porous structure, the sound insulation panels can reflect noise to the greatest extent and form a barrier through the closed cavities between the hexagonal pyramid units. The effective sound insulation of the sound layer can greatly improve the sound insulation effect of the sandwich panel; (3), through the use of sound-absorbing panels and open-hole hexagonal pyramid units, the sound-absorbing panels can allow noise to enter the interior of the structure and pass through various The closed cavity between the open-hole hexagonal pyramid unit and each open-hole hexagonal pyramid unit forms an anechoic layer, which weakens the noise and greatly improves the sound absorption effect of the sandwich panel; (4), set one side of the acoustic sandwich panel as a Acoustic structure, one side is set as a sound-absorbing structure, which has sound-absorbing and sound-insulating functions at the same time, and realizes a dual-purpose board, which reduces the space occupation of the sandwich board while saving materials; (5), the present invention maintains the original On the basis of the structure, the material of the panel and the hexagonal pyramid unit can be replaced according to different working environments, which can realize the isolation or absorption of sounds in different frequency bands, expand the function of the acoustic sandwich panel, and improve the application field of the acoustic sandwich panel.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the acoustic sandwich panel of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the acoustic sandwich panel of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a hexagonal pyramid honeycomb interlayer;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a hexagonal pyramid unit group;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the formation of a single sealed cavity;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the shape of the closed cavity;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a non-porous hexagonal pyramid unit;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a hexagonal pyramid unit with holes.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the acoustic sandwich panel structure of the present invention includes an upper panel 1, a lower panel 2 and a hexagonal pyramid honeycomb interlayer 3; wherein, the upper panel 1 is pasted on the upper surface of the hexagonal pyramid honeycomb interlayer 3, and the lower panel 2 is pasted On the lower surface of the hexagonal pyramid honeycomb interlayer 3; the selection of materials and structures of the upper panel 1, the lower panel 2 and the hexagonal pyramid honeycomb interlayer 3 should be determined according to the specific working environment.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the hexagonal pyramid honeycomb interlayer 3 of the present invention is composed of several hexagonal pyramid units 4 with the same external structure and size, which are spliced and bonded together, in a honeycomb shape; the bottom surfaces of the hexagonal pyramid units 4 in the same direction are located at the same A closed cavity 5 is formed between the hexagonal pyramid units 4 bonded to each other.

As shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the closed cavity 5 is surrounded by six hexagonal pyramid units 4, and the six hexagonal pyramid units are bonded 3 pairs of 3 facing each other. The shape of the closed cavity 5 is shown in Fig. 5 .

As shown in Figure 7, a single hexagonal pyramid unit 4 is divided into two parts: the tip and the base. The base is a hexagonal structure, similar to a wedge structure, which has the characteristics of a gradual sound absorption layer, which can greatly expand the sound absorption of the structure. band.

As shown in FIG. 8 , the hexagonal pyramid unit 4 is provided with a plurality of openings 6 to form a hexagonal pyramid unit with openings.

In the process of use, if the sandwich panel is to achieve the purpose of sound absorption, both the upper panel 1 and the lower panel 2 adopt sound-absorbing structures, such as openings, in order to absorb sound, and the material should be selected to match the impedance of the sound propagation medium, so that The noise can enter the interior of the sandwich plate structure; the hexagonal pyramid unit 4 in the hexagonal pyramid honeycomb interlayer 3 adopts an open-hole structure, and the opening 6 on the hexagonal pyramid unit 4 and the closed cavity in the hexagonal pyramid honeycomb interlayer 3 form an anechoic layer; six The pyramid unit 4 is made of a material that matches the impedance of the sound propagation medium.

In order to achieve the purpose of sound insulation for sandwich panels, the upper panel 1 and the lower panel 2 adopt sound insulation structures to prevent noise, and their materials should be selected to be mismatched with the impedance of the sound propagation medium to reflect noise to the greatest extent; hexagonal pyramid honeycomb The hexagonal pyramid unit 4 in the interlayer 3 does not have openings, and the closed cavity in the hexagonal pyramid honeycomb interlayer forms an air interlayer to maximize sound insulation; at the same time, the hexagonal pyramid unit 4 selects materials that do not match the impedance of the sound propagation medium, so as to Further improve the sound insulation effect.

If the sandwich panel is to achieve the purpose of sound insulation on one side and sound absorption on the other side, the sound insulation surface panel adopts a sound insulation structure to prevent sound; the hexagonal pyramid unit 4 bonded to the sound insulation surface panel does not have openings to maximize the noise. Sound insulation. At the same time, both the sound insulation surface panel and the hexagonal pyramid unit 4 are selected from materials that do not match the impedance of the sound propagation medium, so as to further improve the sound insulation effect. The sound-absorbing surface panel adopts the sound-absorbing structure, so that the noise can enter smoothly. The hexagonal pyramid unit 4 bonded to the sound-absorbing surface panel adopts an open-hole structure. The cavity forms a sound-absorbing layer; the sound-absorbing surface panel and the hexagonal pyramid unit 4 are made of materials that match the impedance of the sound propagation medium.

Taking the aircraft cabin structure as an example, in order to absorb the noise inside the cabin, the micro-perforated plate structure is selected for the inner wall of the cabin to absorb the noise in the cabin; the hexagonal pyramid unit connected to the inner wall adopts the open-hole structure, and the principle of the muffler is used to further absorb the transmitted penetration. Noise passing through the inner wall. At the same time, in order to prevent the noise from outside the cabin from being transmitted into the cabin, a panel with high rigidity without holes is selected, and the hexagonal pyramid unit connected to it chooses a non-porous structure to further prevent noise from entering the cabin. There is an air interlayer between the hexagonal pyramid unit, the panel and the hexagonal pyramid unit, which can effectively improve the sound insulation effect of the structure.

Taking the submarine as an example, on the one hand, it is required to have good comfort in the cabin, on the other hand, it is required to reduce the noise radiated from the structure to the water, and also to reduce its reflection of sound and the probability of its detection. Perforated panels can be selected to absorb noise; the hexagonal pyramid units between the two side panels adopt an open-hole structure. For the interior of the cabin, it absorbs sound while preventing the noise in the cabin from radiating to the outside of the cabin; for the outside of the cabin, it absorbs sound waves, reduces sound reflection, and reduces the probability of being detected.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements should also be regarded as the present invention. scope of protection.

Claims (4)

1. A kind of acoustic interlayer board, comprise interlayer and the panel layer that is bonded on interlayer both sides, it is characterized in that: described interlayer is formed by the opposite butt joint of several hexagonal pyramid units with the same size, forms closed space between the hexagonal pyramid units after butt joint cavity. 2. The acoustic sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the panel layers are all sound insulation panels, the hexagonal pyramid units are non-porous structures, and the closed cavities between the hexagonal pyramid units form sound insulation layer. 3. The acoustic sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the panel layers are all sound-absorbing panels, the hexagonal pyramid units are open-hole structures, and the sealing between each hexagonal pyramid unit and each hexagonal pyramid unit The cavities form the sound-absorbing layer. 4. The acoustic sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: any side panel layer adopts a sound-insulating panel, and the other side panel layer adopts a sound-absorbing panel; the hexagonal pyramid bonded to the sound-insulating panel The unit is a non-porous structure, and the hexagonal pyramid unit bonded to the sound-absorbing panel is an open-pore structure.