CN104461589A - Single-chip microcomputer updating method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-chip microcomputer updating method and system. The method includes the steps of a, writing update data, including a user program and a loader, into an external buffer network module connected with a single-chip microcomputer; b, transmitting the loader from an external buffer of the external buffer network module to a memory of the single-chip microcomputer; and c, running the loader in the memory to erase flash of the single-chip microcomputer, and writing the user program from the external buffer network module to the flash of the single-chip microcomputer. By the application of the single-chip microcomputer updating method and system, the problem that the loader for updating uses storage space of the flash due to constant storage in the flash in the prior art can be solved.

Description

MCU upgrade method and upgrade system

technical field

The invention relates to software upgrading technology, in particular to a single-chip microcomputer upgrading method and an upgrading system.

Background technique

With the rapid development of VLSI, the processing speed and processing capacity of chips have been continuously improved. With its advantages of small size, light weight, and high cost performance, single-chip microcomputers are more and more widely used in industrial control, network communication, aerospace and other fields. Because the single-chip microcomputer usually needs to write user programs that perform specific functions according to the actual application, and these user programs will need to be updated with the actual situation or the continuous promotion of the application, therefore, it is necessary to frequently upgrade the user programs in the single-chip microcomputer. Load the updated user program so that the system can process according to the latest program.

When the single-chip microcomputer is upgraded, run the loading program to write the upgraded new user program into the flash of the single-chip microcomputer to replace the original user program. Then, the MCU restarts and runs the new user program in the flash. In order to ensure the normal upgrade of the single-chip microcomputer, the loading program is stored in the flash of the single-chip microcomputer, and is transferred from the flash to the memory for operation when used. Because the loader is only used when the single-chip microcomputer is upgraded, but because it is always stored in the flash, it takes up the storage space of the flash, which causes a serious waste of resources for the single-chip microcomputer with extremely limited flash.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a single-chip microcomputer upgrading method and upgrading system to solve the problem in the prior art that the loading program for upgrading is always stored in the flash and occupies the storage space of the flash.

In order to achieve the purpose of the above invention, the upgrading method provided by the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:

A method for upgrading a single-chip microcomputer, said method comprising the steps of:

a. Store the upgrade data including the user program and the loading program into the network module connected with the single-chip microcomputer;

b. transferring the loading program in the network module to the memory of the single-chip microcomputer;

c. Run the loading program in the memory, and write the user program in the network module into the flash of the single-chip microcomputer.

In the upgrade method described above, in order to facilitate the acquisition of upgrade data, in the step a, the network module downloads and saves the upgrade data from the upgrade data writing module through the network.

As described above in the upgrade method, the step b specifically includes:

After the network module has downloaded the upgrade data, it verifies the upgrade data, and after the verification is correct, sends an upgrade command to the single-chip microcomputer;

The network module transmits the loading program to the memory of the single-chip microcomputer after receiving the response of the single-chip microcomputer to the upgrade command.

Described step c specifically comprises:

The single-chip microcomputer runs the loading program in the memory, and sends a user program transmission command to the network module;

After the network module receives the user program transmission command, it sends the user program to the single-chip microcomputer;

The single-chip microcomputer verifies the user program, and if the verification is correct, writes the user program into the flash of the single-chip microcomputer; if the verification is incorrect, then requests the network module to resend the user program.

The upgrade method described above, in order to save space, further includes step d after the step c: delete the upgrade data in the network module after all the user programs are correctly written into the flash of the single-chip microcomputer.

In order to achieve the aforementioned object of the invention, the upgrade system provided by the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A single-chip microcomputer upgrade system, comprising a single-chip microcomputer, is characterized in that it also includes a network module and an upgrade data writing module, and the network module is connected with the single-chip microcomputer and the upgrading data writing module for storing and writing to the The single-chip microcomputer transmits upgrade data including user programs and loading programs, and the upgrade data writing module is used to write the upgrade data into the network module.

Preferably, the network module is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through a serial port, and the network module includes an upgrade control unit, a storage unit and a network communication unit connected to the upgrade control unit; the upgrade data writing module is a network server , the network module downloads the upgrade data from the network server through the network communication unit.

More preferably, in order to verify the data, the network module further includes a verification unit, which is respectively connected to the upgrade control unit, the network communication unit and the storage unit, and is used to verify the The upgrade data downloaded by the network communication unit is verified.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: the present invention uses the loading program used only in the upgrading process as a part of the upgrading data, and transmits it to the single-chip microcomputer together with the user program to be upgraded when upgrading, and only Writing the loading program into the memory of the single-chip microcomputer to run directly can ensure that the normal upgrade of the single-chip microcomputer can be realized even when the loading program is not stored in the flash of the single-chip microcomputer, so there is no need to additionally store the loading program in the flash of the single-chip microcomputer, which saves the flash storage space of the single-chip microcomputer. Moreover, the upgrade of the single-chip microcomputer is realized by downloading and temporarily storing the upgrade data through the network module, so that products such as home appliances using the single-chip microcomputer can realize program upgrades through networks such as the Internet, improve the reliability of home appliances, and provide new products for sold products. function.

Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become clearer after reading the detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of an embodiment of the single-chip microcomputer upgrade system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the flowchart of the first embodiment of the single-chip microcomputer upgrading method of the present invention;

3 to 5 are flow charts of the second embodiment of the single-chip microcomputer upgrading method of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

First, a brief introduction to the technical idea of the present invention is given: when the single-chip microcomputer is upgraded, a loading program needs to be run, so as to download and write the user program to be upgraded into the flash of the single-chip microcomputer. The loader is an essential program when the MCU is upgraded, and it is only used when the MCU is upgraded. If this part of the loading program can not be fixedly stored in the flash of the single-chip microcomputer, but can be obtained and run only when in use, the flash storage space can be saved, and the single-chip microcomputer with extremely limited flash resources will be able to significantly improve its performance. Use performance.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of the single-chip microcomputer upgrading system of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the upgrading system for upgrading single-chip microcomputers in this embodiment includes a single-chip microcomputer 13 to be upgraded, and also includes an upgrading data writing unit 11 and a network module 12 . Wherein, the upgrade data writing module 11 is connected with the network module 12 for writing the upgrade data into the network module 12 . Network module 12 is also connected with single-chip microcomputer 13 except being connected with upgrade data writing module 11, is used for temporarily storing the upgrade data comprising loading program and user program, and can transmit this upgrade data to single-chip microcomputer 13, realizes single-chip microcomputer 13 upgrade. Moreover, the network connection between the upgrade data writing module 11 and the network module 12 may be a wired network connection or a wireless network connection.

Specifically, the network module 12 includes an upgrade control unit 121, a network communication unit 122, and a storage unit 124. The network communication unit 122 is used to communicate with the upgrade data writing module 11 so as to download the upgrade from the upgrade data writing module 11. data, and the storage unit 124 is used to temporarily store the downloaded upgrade data. The upgrade control unit 121, as the main control unit of the network module in the upgrade process, is connected to the network communication unit 122 and the storage unit 124 respectively, and is used to control the communication and download of the network communication unit, and to control the transmission of the upgrade data in the storage unit 124. To the single-chip microcomputer 13.

In addition, in order to check the correctness of the downloaded upgrade data, in the upgrade system of this embodiment, the network module 12 also includes a check unit 123, which communicates with the network communication unit 122, the storage unit 124 and the update unit 123 respectively. The control unit 121 is connected to each other, and under the control of the upgrade control unit 121, the upgrade data downloaded by the network communication unit is verified and stored in the storage unit 124 after the verification is correct.

The upgrade system of this embodiment realizes the specific implementation of the upgrade of the single-chip microcomputer 13, and reference may be made to the description of the following two upgrade method flows.

Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of the first embodiment of the single-chip microcomputer upgrading method of the present invention. The flow process of this embodiment is based on the upgrading system of Fig. 1, and its process of realizing single-chip microcomputer upgrading is as follows:

Step 21: The process starts.

Step 22: Write the upgrade data including the user program and the loading program into the network module.

In this embodiment, the upgrade data includes not only the user program to be updated, but also a loading program that controls the single-chip microcomputer to load and write the user program. The upgrade data including the user program and the loading program are written through the upgrade data writing module and written into the network module for temporary storage.

Step 23: Transfer the loader in the network module to the memory of the microcontroller.

Firstly, the network module is controlled, and the loading program temporarily stored in it is transferred to the memory of the single-chip microcomputer.

Step 24: Run the loading program in the memory, and write the user program in the network module into the flash of the single-chip microcomputer.

After writing the loading program in the memory of the single-chip microcomputer, run the loading program in the memory, the loading program will execute the control of the upgrade, read the user program from the network module, and write it into the flash of the single-chip microcomputer.

Step 25: The process ends.

In this embodiment, because the loading program as the upgrade control program is written into the network module by the upgrade data writing module as upgrade data during the upgrade process, and is directly transmitted to the memory of the single-chip microcomputer by the network module to run, therefore, the single-chip The normal upgrade of the single-chip microcomputer can be realized without storing the loading program in the flash, so that the loading program no longer occupies the flash of the single-chip microcomputer, saving storage space.

Please refer to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 . FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 show a flow chart of a second embodiment of the single-chip microcomputer upgrading method of the present invention. Wherein, Fig. 3 shows the first part of the whole process, Fig. 4 shows the second part of the whole process, and Fig. 5 shows the third part of the whole process. The upgrade method in this embodiment is also based on the upgrade system in FIG. 1 .

As shown in Fig. 3 to Fig. 5, this second embodiment realizes the process of single-chip microcomputer upgrading as follows:

First, execute the steps in the first part of FIG. 3 . Figure 3 is the process of downloading the upgrade data to the network module, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

Step 311: The upgrade starts.

Step 312: The network module downloads the upgrade data from the network server.

As shown in the first embodiment in FIG. 2 , the upgrade data includes a loading program as an upgrade control program and a user program to be updated, and this part of data is pre-stored in the network server. If the single-chip microcomputer is to be upgraded, the network server can actively send the upgrade data to the network module, or the network module can actively download the upgrade data from the network server when the network module finds that the network server has upgrade data. No matter which method is adopted, when the single-chip microcomputer needs to be upgraded, the network module will download the upgrade data from the network server.

In this embodiment, the network module downloads the upgrade data through the network, such as the Internet, and the data acquisition is simple and convenient, and the upgrade speed is fast.

Step 313: Determine whether the download is complete. If yes, execute step 314; otherwise, go to step 312 to continue downloading.

Step 314: Determine whether the upgrade data is verified correctly. If it is correct, execute the follow-up process A, that is, the second part of the process shown in FIG. 4; otherwise, go to step 312 and continue to re-download.

After the download is completed, the downloaded upgrade data is verified, and the verification includes the verification of the version of the upgraded data, the verification of the correctness of the data, and the like. The verification method may adopt a method in the prior art, such as CRC32 verification and the like. If the verification is correct, execute subsequent process A; otherwise, it is necessary to re-download the upgrade data from the network server.

After the network module downloads correct and complete upgrade data, execute the steps in the second part of FIG. 4 . Figure 4 is the process of writing the loading program to the memory of the single-chip microcomputer, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

Step 321: After the network module verifies that the downloaded upgrade data is correct, it will send an upgrade command to the single-chip microcomputer and obtain a response from the single-chip microcomputer.

Step 322: After obtaining the response from the single-chip computer, the network module transmits the loading program to the single-chip computer.

The network module can transmit the loading program to the single-chip microcomputer in batches through the serial port.

Step 323: The single-chip microcomputer verifies the loading program.

After receiving the loading program, the MCU will check the correctness of the loading program. The verification method may adopt an existing method, which will not be described in detail here.

Step 324: Determine whether the verification is correct. If correct, go to step 326; otherwise, go to step 325.

Step 325: If the loader check is wrong, request the network module to retransmit the loader. Then, step 322 is executed, and the network module retransmits the loading program to the single-chip microcomputer.

Step 326: If the verification of the loading program is correct, the original user program in the single-chip microcomputer writes the control loading program into the memory of the single-chip microcomputer.

Step 327: Determine whether all the loading programs are written. If yes, execute step 328; otherwise, go to step 322, and the network module continues to transmit the loading program to the single-chip microcomputer.

Step 328: After all the loading programs are written into the memory of the single-chip microcomputer, run the loading program in the memory. Then, the subsequent process B, that is, the process of the third part shown in FIG. 5 is executed.

When the loading program is downloaded and written into the memory of the single-chip microcomputer, since the original user program still exists in the single-chip microcomputer, it can be realized through the control of the original user program.

After running the loading program in the memory of the single-chip microcomputer, the loading program obtains the control right of the operation of the single-chip microcomputer, and then executes the final upgrade process of the single-chip microcomputer, that is, executes the steps in the third part of Figure 5 to write the new user program to the single-chip microcomputer in flash. The specific implementation process is as follows:

Step 331: Erase all flash storage space, and send a user program transmission command to the network module.

Because there is no need to store the loading program in the microcontroller, only the user program can be stored in its flash. When upgrading, the user program needs to be updated, so the loading program running in the memory will erase all flash storage space, that is, erase the entire flash. After erasing all the flash memory space, the loader will send user program transfer command to the network module.

Step 332: After receiving the user program transmission command, the network module will send the user program to the single-chip microcomputer in batches, and the single-chip microcomputer will verify the read user program.

Step 333: Determine whether the read user program verification is correct. If correct, go to step 335; otherwise, go to step 334.

Step 334: If the verification of the user program is wrong, request the network module to retransmit the user program. Then, go to step 332 to resend the user program.

Step 335: If the verification of the user program is correct, write the user program into the flash of the single-chip microcomputer.

Step 336: Determine whether all user programs are written. If yes, go to step 337; otherwise, go to step 332 and continue to read the remaining user programs from the network module.

Step 337: After all the user programs are written into the flash of the single-chip microcomputer, delete the upgrade data of the network module, so as to release the storage space of the network module, which is convenient for subsequent upgrade.

Step 338: The upgrade ends.

After the upgrade is completed, the new user program in the flash will run after the MCU restarts.

If the single-chip microcomputer is powered off during the upgrade process, the upgrade data still exists in the network module, and the network module can rewrite the loading program into the memory of the single-chip microcomputer to perform the upgrade of the single-chip microcomputer again.

Similar to the first embodiment in Fig. 2, this second embodiment can also save the flash storage space of the single-chip microcomputer. Moreover, the data is verified layer by layer during the entire upgrade process to prevent data errors during transmission and fully ensure the correct upgrade of the single-chip microcomputer. In addition, the network module downloads the upgrade data from the network server through the network, which is convenient and fast to upgrade, and is suitable for after-sales upgrade of products applied by the single-chip microcomputer.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art can still understand the foregoing embodiments. Modifications are made to the technical solutions described, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A single-chip microcomputer upgrading method, is characterized in that, described method comprises the following steps: a. Store the upgrade data including the user program and the loading program into the network module connected with the single-chip microcomputer; b. transferring the loading program in the network module to the memory of the single-chip microcomputer; c. Run the loading program in the memory, and write the user program in the network module into the flash of the single-chip microcomputer. 2. The upgrading method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step a, the network module downloads and saves the upgrading data from the upgrading data writing module through the network. 3. The upgrading method according to claim 2, wherein said step b specifically comprises: After the network module has downloaded the upgrade data, it verifies the upgrade data, and after the verification is correct, sends an upgrade command to the single-chip microcomputer; The network module transmits the loading program to the memory of the single-chip microcomputer after receiving the response of the single-chip microcomputer to the upgrade command. 4. The upgrade method according to claim 1, wherein said step c specifically comprises: The single-chip microcomputer runs the loading program in the memory, and sends a user program transmission command to the network module; After the network module receives the user program transmission command, it sends the user program to the single-chip microcomputer; The single-chip microcomputer verifies the user program, and if the verification is correct, writes the user program into the flash of the single-chip microcomputer; if the verification is incorrect, then requests the network module to resend the user program. 5. The upgrade method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, after step c, step d is also included: after all the user programs are correctly written into the flash of the single-chip microcomputer, delete the The upgrade data in the network module. 6. A single-chip microcomputer upgrade system, comprising a single-chip microcomputer, is characterized in that, also includes a network module and an upgrade data writing module, and the network module is connected with the single-chip microcomputer and the described upgrading data writing module for storing and writing to The single-chip microcomputer transmits upgrade data including user programs and loading programs, and the upgrade data writing module is used to write the upgrade data into the network module. 7. The upgrade system according to claim 6, wherein the network module is connected to the single chip microcomputer through a serial port, and the network module includes an upgrade control unit and a storage unit connected to the upgrade control unit and a network A communication unit; the upgrade data writing module is a network server, and the network module downloads the upgrade data from the network server through the network communication unit. 8. The upgrading system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the network module further comprises a checking unit, which is connected to the upgrading control unit, the network communication unit and the storage unit respectively , used to verify the upgrade data downloaded by the network communication unit.