CN104439027A - New forging process for yoke shaft of transmission shaft - Google Patents
New forging process for yoke shaft of transmission shaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104439027A CN104439027A CN201410615127.4A CN201410615127A CN104439027A CN 104439027 A CN104439027 A CN 104439027A CN 201410615127 A CN201410615127 A CN 201410615127A CN 104439027 A CN104439027 A CN 104439027A
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- forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
A new forging process for a yoke shaft of a transmission shaft comprises the following steps that first, blanking is performed; second, local medium frequency induction heating is performed; third; blanks are formed, wherein heated blank materials are placed in a blank-forming mold on a blank-forming press machine, the blank-forming press machine is controlled to forge and press the heating ends of the blank materials, the blank materials are taken out after the heads are formed in a forged and pressed mode, and the blank-forming press machine is controlled to press the heads flat and enable the heads to be in the shape of a track for athletic running; fourth, final forging is performed, wherein the blank materials are placed in a final forging mold on a final forging press machine to be forged and pressed, and the blank materials become final forged pieces after being forged and pressed; fifth, edge cutting is performed, wherein middle recess parts or flash parts of the final forged pieces are cut off so that the final forged pieces can become forged piece products. Through the new forging process for the yoke shaft of the transmission shaft, stress concentration between blank material rods and the molds is avoided, the cost of pre-forging mold materials and the mold machining cost are saved, the mold production cycle is shortened, machining allowance is small, production efficiency is further improved, the labor intensity of workers is relieved, and production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vehicle transmission forging shaft production technical field, be specifically related to a kind of transmission shaft fork axle new technique for forging.
Background technology
At present, the joint fork shaft forging process surplus that conventional forging process is produced is large, energy consumption is high, production efficiency is low, and the conventional forging process of joint fork shaft is: blanking → overall Frequency Induction Heating → base → blocking → finish-forging → trimming.Draft angle >=2 ° of blank when forging after overall heating, cause allowance during machined large, and the energy consumption of overall heating is high, the forging technology design traditional due to joint fork shaft has blocking, the increase of pre-forging process, not only add mold materials expense, Mould Machining expense, also add the mould production cycle, only produce on one at mould and just significantly improve production cost, the increase of this work step reduces labor productivity in addition, increase man hour of labour, also virtually add work production cost.Not only add production cost in conventional forging process and also reduce production efficiency.
In a word, the defect of conventional forging process is:
1, production efficiency is low;
2, overall heating in medium frequency energy consumption is high;
3, forging process surplus is large;
4, on average the die cost of every forging is high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to solve weak point of the prior art, provides the transmission shaft fork axle new technique for forging that a kind of production efficiency is high, energy consumption is little, metalworking surplus is little, production cost is low.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: transmission shaft fork axle new technique for forging, comprises the following steps,
(1), blanking: adopt full-automatic numerical control sawing machine or numerical control cutting machine to be the blank of given size by round steel blanking;
(2), local Frequency Induction Heating: carry out Frequency Induction Heating to 1/3rd of each charge length, heating and temperature control is between 1100 ° ~ 1150 DEG C, and measurement and control of temperature adopts infrared thermometer;
(3), base: be put in the middle of the blanking mold on pressure machine by the blank after heating, the fire end of manipulation pressure machine to blank forges and presses, and takes out after head forging forming, and head flattens in track and field run-track shaped by manipulation pressure machine;
(4), finish-forging: blank is placed in the middle of the finish-forging die on finish-forging forcing press and forges and presses, become finish-forging part after forging and stamping;
(5), trimming: whole forging flash cutaway is become forging products;
Described blanking mold comprises and is located at base patrix and base counterdie, base counterdie internal vertical is provided with the first through hole for placing blank, first through hole comprises the conical section on top and the cylindrical section of bottom, the big up and small down structure of conical section of the first through hole, the bus of the conical section of the first through hole and the angle of center line are 0.5 °, the conical section lower end of the first through hole is equal with the internal diameter of cylindrical section, the base push rod with this cylindrical section matched in clearance is provided with in the cylindrical section of the first through hole, base counterdie upper surface and the first through hole upper end and joint are provided with the first up big and down small tapering transition hole, base patrix lower surface is provided with the circular groove corresponding up and down with the first tapering transition hole, circular groove and the first tapering transition hole are encircled into blank head and forge and press chamber, base patrix lower surface side offers upper groove, base counterdie upper surface side is provided with the low groove be positioned at immediately below upper groove, upper groove and low groove are encircled into the forging and stamping space for flattening blank head, when base patrix contacts up and down with base counterdie, the height in forging and stamping space is less than the diameter of circular groove,
Described finish-forging die comprises finish-forging patrix and finish-forging counterdie, finish-forging counterdie internal vertical is provided with the second through hole for placing blank, second through hole comprises the conical section on top and the cylindrical section of bottom, the big up and small down structure of conical section of the second through hole, the bus of the conical section of the second through hole and the angle of center line are 0.5 °, the conical section lower end of the second through hole is equal with the internal diameter of cylindrical section, the finish-forging push rod with this cylindrical section matched in clearance is provided with in the cylindrical section of the second through hole, finish-forging counterdie upper surface and the second through hole upper end and joint are provided with the second up big and down small tapering transition hole, finish-forging patrix lower surface is provided with pressure head and is positioned at the annular groove around pressure head, pressure head and annular groove are correspondingly encircled into head finish-forging chamber with the second tapering transition hole is upper and lower, the corresponding material overflow cavity being provided with overlap gap and annular between finish-forging patrix and finish-forging counterdie, material overflow cavity is communicated with head finish-forging chamber by overlap gap, the corner of finish-forging counterdie upper surface is provided with the locating notch of rectangle, and finish-forging patrix lower surface outer edge is provided with the positioning boss that can coordinate up and down with locating notch.
Described step (3) is specially: cylinder blank is put in the first through hole, blank upper end is heating part, blank lower end and base push rod upper-end contact, manipulation pressure machine, base patrix is moved down, downward pressed compact material upper end, circular groove bottom surface, head is forged and pressed chamber and is full of the head forming collar plate shape by blank deformation, base push rod moves up by the hydraulic pressure or the mechanical type liftout attachment that then manipulate pressure machine, blank ejects by base push rod, then the bar portion of blank is clamped with clamp, bar portion keeps level, head is placed on lower groove floor surfaces, manipulation pressure machine, base patrix is moved down, upper groove lower surface forging and stamping head, so just head is flattened in track and field run-track shaped.
Described step (4) is specially: be inserted in the second through hole by the bar portion of blank, the length direction of blank head and the length direction in head finish-forging chamber are consistent, manipulation finish-forging forcing press, finish-forging patrix is moved down, pressure head forges and presses blank head center downwards, material unnecessary for head is expanded towards periphery, until head finish-forging chamber is full of, and unnecessary material enters in material overflow cavity by overlap gap, stop forging operation, finish-forging push rod moves up by hydraulic pressure or the mechanical type liftout attachment of manipulation finish-forging forcing press, finish-forging part ejects by base push rod, finish-forging operation completes.
Adopt technique scheme, due to the bar portion head of joint fork shaft forging, so traditional overall Frequency Induction Heating to be made into local Frequency Induction Heating, forging position (distortion position) is not needed not heat, selecting during former material blanking makes former material diameter close to forging bar portion diameter, cylindrical only needs to stay 1 ~ 1.5mm allowance, due to the bar end surface marginal existence wedge angle of local heat forging, at this moment mold cavity bottom surface is needed also must to be made into wedge angle, mould has during wedge angle and there is the concentrated problem of stress, stress concentrates mould easy to crack, so should wedge angle be avoided when designing mould, of the present invention first through hole and the second through hole are all designed to structure penetrating up and down, and the base push rod equal with forging lower surface external diameter is set at the cylindrical section of the first through hole, at the cylindrical section of the second through hole, the finish-forging push rod equal with forging lower surface external diameter is set, due to the not temperature distortion of bar subordinate end face, even if bar subordinate end face edge has wedge angle, also the problem that stress is concentrated can not be produced.
The present invention is in Forging Technology: remove existing blocking work step, base work step needs improvement could meet finish-forging one-shot forming, base work step makes first heading into, then by the mode of head flattening, so not only save Preform Die Master Cost, Mould Machining expense, shorten the mould production cycle, the labour intensity of the workman that also enhances productivity, reduces, reduction production cost.
Overall Frequency Induction Heating is made into local Frequency Induction Heating by the present invention compared with traditional technology, reduces energy consumption, and draft angle≤0.5 ° of the blank in addition after local heat when forging, machined allowance is little.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of blanking mold in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of finish-forging die in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the top view of finish-forging counterdie in Fig. 2.
Detailed description of the invention
Transmission shaft fork axle new technique for forging of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1), blanking: adopt full-automatic numerical control sawing machine or numerical control cutting machine to be the blank of given size by round steel blanking;
(2), local Frequency Induction Heating: carry out Frequency Induction Heating to 1/3rd of each charge length, heating and temperature control is between 1100 ° ~ 1150 DEG C, and measurement and control of temperature adopts infrared thermometer;
(3), base: be put in the middle of the blanking mold on pressure machine by the blank after heating, the fire end of manipulation pressure machine to blank forges and presses, and takes out after head forging forming, and head flattens in track and field run-track shaped by manipulation pressure machine;
(4), finish-forging: blank is placed in the middle of the finish-forging die on finish-forging forcing press and forges and presses, become finish-forging part after forging and stamping;
(5), trimming: the middle gross weight of finish-forging part or overlap cutaway are become forging products;
As shown in Figure 1, blanking mold comprises and is located at base patrix 1 and base counterdie 2, base counterdie 2 internal vertical is provided with the first through hole 3 for placing blank, first through hole 3 comprises the conical section on top and the cylindrical section of bottom, the big up and small down structure of conical section of the first through hole 3, the bus of the conical section of the first through hole 3 and the included angle A of center line are 0.5 °, the conical section lower end of the first through hole 3 is equal with the internal diameter of cylindrical section, the base push rod 4 with this cylindrical section matched in clearance is provided with in the cylindrical section of the first through hole 3, base counterdie 2 upper surface and the first through hole 3 upper end and joint are provided with the first up big and down small tapering transition hole 5, base patrix 1 lower surface is provided with the circular groove 6 corresponding with the first tapering transition hole about 5, circular groove 6 and the first tapering transition hole 5 are encircled into blank head and forge and press chamber, base patrix 1 lower surface side offers upper groove 7, base counterdie 2 upper surface side is provided with the low groove 8 be positioned at immediately below upper groove 7, upper groove 7 and low groove 8 are encircled into the forging and stamping space for flattening blank head, when base patrix 1 contacts with base counterdie about 2, the height in forging and stamping space is less than the diameter of circular groove 6.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, finish-forging die comprises finish-forging patrix 11 and finish-forging counterdie 12, finish-forging counterdie 12 internal vertical is provided with the second through hole 13 for placing blank, second through hole 13 comprises the conical section on top and the cylindrical section of bottom, the big up and small down structure of conical section of the second through hole 13, the bus of the conical section of the second through hole 13 and the included angle B of center line are 0.5 °, the conical section lower end of the second through hole 13 is equal with the internal diameter of cylindrical section, the finish-forging push rod 14 with this cylindrical section matched in clearance is provided with in the cylindrical section of the second through hole 13, finish-forging counterdie 12 upper surface and the second through hole 13 upper end and joint are provided with the second up big and down small tapering transition hole 15, finish-forging patrix 11 lower surface is provided with pressure head 16 and is positioned at the annular groove 17 around pressure head 16, pressure head 16 and annular groove 17 is corresponding with the second tapering transition hole about 15 is encircled into head finish-forging chamber, the corresponding material overflow cavity 18 being provided with overlap gap and annular between finish-forging patrix 11 and finish-forging counterdie 12, material overflow cavity 18 is communicated with head finish-forging chamber by overlap gap 19, the corner of finish-forging counterdie 12 upper surface is provided with the locating notch 20 of rectangle, and finish-forging patrix 11 lower surface outer edge is provided with the positioning boss 21 that can coordinate with locating notch about 20.
Step of the present invention (3) is specially: cylinder blank is put in the first through hole 3, blank upper end is heating part, blank lower end and base push rod 4 upper-end contact, manipulation pressure machine, base patrix 1 is moved down, downward pressed compact material upper end, circular groove 6 bottom surface, head is forged and pressed chamber and is full of the head forming collar plate shape by blank deformation, base push rod 4 moves up by the hydraulic pressure or the mechanical type liftout attachment that then manipulate pressure machine, blank ejects by base push rod 4, then the bar portion of blank is clamped with clamp, bar portion keeps level, head is placed on low groove 8 bottom surface, manipulation pressure machine, base patrix 1 is moved down, upper groove 7 lower surface forging and stamping head, so just head is flattened in track and field run-track shaped.
Step of the present invention (4) is specially: be inserted in the bar portion of blank in the second through hole 13, the length direction of blank head and the length direction in head finish-forging chamber are consistent, manipulation finish-forging forcing press, finish-forging patrix 11 is moved down, pressure head 16 is forging and stamping blank head center downwards, material unnecessary for head is expanded towards periphery, until head finish-forging chamber is full of, and unnecessary material enters in material overflow cavity 18 by overlap gap 19, stop forging operation, finish-forging push rod 14 moves up by hydraulic pressure or the mechanical type liftout attachment of manipulation finish-forging forcing press, finish-forging part ejects by base push rod 4, finish-forging operation completes.
Due to the bar portion head of joint fork shaft forging, so traditional overall Frequency Induction Heating to be made into local Frequency Induction Heating, forging position (distortion position) is not needed not heat, selecting during former material blanking makes former material diameter close to forging bar portion diameter, cylindrical only needs to stay 1 ~ 1.5mm allowance, due to the bar end surface marginal existence wedge angle of local heat forging, at this moment mold cavity bottom surface is needed also must to be made into wedge angle, mould has during wedge angle and there is the concentrated problem of stress, stress concentrates mould easy to crack, so should wedge angle be avoided when designing mould, of the present invention first through hole 3 and the second through hole 13 are all designed to structure penetrating up and down, and the base push rod 4 equal with forging lower surface external diameter is set at the cylindrical section of the first through hole 3, at the cylindrical section of the second through hole 13, the finish-forging push rod 14 equal with forging lower surface external diameter is set, due to the not temperature distortion of bar subordinate end face, even if bar subordinate end face edge has wedge angle, also the problem that stress is concentrated can not be produced.
The present invention is in Forging Technology: remove existing blocking work step, base work step needs improvement could meet finish-forging one-shot forming, base work step makes first heading into, then by the mode of head flattening, so not only save Preform Die Master Cost, Mould Machining expense, shorten the mould production cycle, the labour intensity of the workman that also enhances productivity, reduces, reduction production cost.
Overall Frequency Induction Heating is made into local Frequency Induction Heating by the present invention compared with traditional technology, reduces energy consumption, and draft angle≤0.5 ° of the blank in addition after local heat when forging, machined allowance is little.
Above embodiment is the unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only, although with reference to above-described embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: still can modify to the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. transmission shaft fork axle new technique for forging, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps,
(1), blanking: adopt full-automatic numerical control sawing machine or numerical control cutting machine to be the blank of given size by round steel blanking;
(2), local Frequency Induction Heating: carry out Frequency Induction Heating to 1/3rd of each charge length, heating and temperature control is between 1100 ° ~ 1150 DEG C, and measurement and control of temperature adopts infrared thermometer;
(3), base: be put in the middle of the blanking mold on pressure machine by the blank after heating, the fire end of manipulation pressure machine to blank forges and presses, and takes out after head forging forming, and head flattens in track and field run-track shaped by manipulation pressure machine;
(4), finish-forging: blank is placed in the middle of the finish-forging die on finish-forging forcing press and forges and presses, become finish-forging part after forging and stamping;
(5), trimming: the overlap cutaway of finish-forging part is become forging products;
Described blanking mold comprises and is located at base patrix and base counterdie, base counterdie internal vertical is provided with the first through hole for placing blank, first through hole comprises the conical section on top and the cylindrical section of bottom, the big up and small down structure of conical section of the first through hole, the bus of the conical section of the first through hole and the angle of center line are 0.5 °, the conical section lower end of the first through hole is equal with the internal diameter of cylindrical section, the base push rod with this cylindrical section matched in clearance is provided with in the cylindrical section of the first through hole, base counterdie upper surface and the first through hole upper end and joint are provided with the first up big and down small tapering transition hole, base patrix lower surface is provided with the circular groove corresponding up and down with the first tapering transition hole, circular groove and the first tapering transition hole are encircled into blank head and forge and press chamber, base patrix lower surface side offers upper groove, base counterdie upper surface side is provided with the low groove be positioned at immediately below upper groove, upper groove and low groove are encircled into the forging and stamping space for flattening blank head, when base patrix contacts up and down with base counterdie, the height in forging and stamping space is less than the diameter of circular groove,
Described finish-forging die comprises finish-forging patrix and finish-forging counterdie, finish-forging counterdie internal vertical is provided with the second through hole for placing blank, second through hole comprises the conical section on top and the cylindrical section of bottom, the big up and small down structure of conical section of the second through hole, the bus of the conical section of the second through hole and the angle of center line are 0.5 °, the conical section lower end of the second through hole is equal with the internal diameter of cylindrical section, the finish-forging push rod with this cylindrical section matched in clearance is provided with in the cylindrical section of the second through hole, finish-forging counterdie upper surface and the second through hole upper end and joint are provided with the second up big and down small tapering transition hole, finish-forging patrix lower surface is provided with pressure head and is positioned at the annular groove around pressure head, pressure head and annular groove are correspondingly encircled into head finish-forging chamber with the second tapering transition hole is upper and lower, the corresponding material overflow cavity being provided with overlap gap and annular between finish-forging patrix and finish-forging counterdie, material overflow cavity is communicated with head finish-forging chamber by overlap gap, the corner of finish-forging counterdie upper surface is provided with the locating notch of rectangle, and finish-forging patrix lower surface outer edge is provided with the positioning boss that can coordinate up and down with locating notch.
2. transmission shaft fork axle new technique for forging according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (3) is specially: cylinder blank is put in the first through hole, blank upper end is heating part, blank lower end and base push rod upper-end contact, manipulation pressure machine, base patrix is moved down, downward pressed compact material upper end, circular groove bottom surface, head is forged and pressed chamber and is full of the head forming collar plate shape by blank deformation, base push rod moves up by the hydraulic pressure or the mechanical type liftout attachment that then manipulate pressure machine, blank ejects by base push rod, then the bar portion of blank is clamped with clamp, bar portion keeps level, head is placed on lower groove floor surfaces, manipulation pressure machine, base patrix is moved down, upper groove lower surface forging and stamping head, so just head is flattened in track and field run-track shaped.
3. transmission shaft fork axle new technique for forging according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described step (4) is specially: the bar portion of blank is inserted in the second through hole, the length direction of blank head and the length direction in head finish-forging chamber are consistent, manipulation finish-forging forcing press, finish-forging patrix is moved down, pressure head forges and presses blank head center downwards, material unnecessary for head is expanded towards periphery, until head finish-forging chamber is full of, and unnecessary material enters in material overflow cavity by overlap gap, stop forging operation, finish-forging push rod moves up by hydraulic pressure or the mechanical type liftout attachment of manipulation finish-forging forcing press, finish-forging part ejects by base push rod, finish-forging operation completes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410615127.4A CN104439027B (en) | 2014-11-05 | 2014-11-05 | Transmission shaft fork axle new technique for forging |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410615127.4A CN104439027B (en) | 2014-11-05 | 2014-11-05 | Transmission shaft fork axle new technique for forging |
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| CN104439027A true CN104439027A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
| CN104439027B CN104439027B (en) | 2016-06-01 |
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| CN104889225A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-09-09 | 雄华机械(苏州)有限公司 | A trimming punching machine |
| CN105290291A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏龙城精锻有限公司 | Closed pre-forging molding die for special-shaped oil spray device body workblank and process of closed pre-forging molding die |
| CN105583351A (en) * | 2015-12-19 | 2016-05-18 | 许昌中兴锻造有限公司 | Horizontal forging technology for middle-sized spline shaft yoke |
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| CN108044019A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-18 | 枣庄远东实业开发总公司 | A kind of spindle vertical forging device and technique based on the pre- base of pneumatic hammer |
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