CN104434006A - Double-channel endoscope - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a design of a double-channel endoscope, which realizes the steering function and imaging function of the double-channel endoscope through eyepieces, rod mirrors, prisms and lenses. Through the unique optical structure design, the geometric space is fully utilized, and the size of the mirror tube of the dual-channel endoscope is minimized, and the size of the rear-end turning and imaging parts is minimized. Through the design of coincident lens focus and image plane in the endoscope system, the installation requirements of the optical path system are reduced, and the binocular distance, imaging distance, and magnification are conveniently adjustable, which increases the versatility and flexibility of the design. .

Description

A dual-channel endoscope

technical field

The invention relates to a dual-channel endoscope, which belongs to the technical field of medical diagnostic imaging.

Background technique

Endoscopes have always been a common means of in vivo diagnosis and treatment. Traditional single-channel (monocular) endoscopes cannot obtain image depth information through stereoscopic imaging, which brings inconvenience to doctors for accurate diagnosis and limits surgical robot systems. development of. The dual-channel endoscope can output two two-dimensional endoscopic images that conform to a certain spatial geometric relationship at the same time, which can be directly observed by binoculars, or can provide users with three-dimensional images with distance information through post-image processing. image. This information-rich imaging method not only gives doctors an intuitive three-dimensional sense, but also eases the workload of users, improves the accuracy of detection and diagnosis, and also promotes the development of minimally invasive surgical robot technology.

The dual-channel endoscope is the core unit of the stereoscopic endoscope, and the size of the dual-channel endoscope directly affects the size of the entire stereoscopic endoscope. Reducing the volume of dual-channel endoscopes, especially the size of the front-end optical path, is conducive to the application of this technology in various endoscopic instruments for minimally invasive surgery, such as laparoscopes, laryngoscopes and cystoscopes, which all require long and thin Mirror tube and small size rear mirror body. Existing patents on stereoscopic endoscopes involve dual-channel endoscopes in content, for example: in the patent "Stereoscopic Imaging Device Based on Single Optical Path Endoscope, Dichroic Prism and Dual Camera" (CN 203458365 U) , by adding a dichroic prism to the existing single-channel endoscope, the dual-channel endoscope image acquisition is realized, and then transmitted to the 3D processing unit to form a 3D image. However, the size of the dual-channel endoscope that is simply combined is limited by the structural size of the original endoscope, and after the image prism is turned, in order to enlarge the image to a certain size and be collected by the finished CCD camera, a large diameter is usually required The lens and the long optical path achieve magnification, which is difficult to meet the requirements of clinical endoscopic equipment. The stereoscopic endoscope imaging system based on the binocular endoscope is described in the patent "Stereoscopic Endoscope" (CN 104219989 A) and the patent "Binocular Endoscope Surgical Vision System" (CN 101518438). However, the size of the binocular endoscope and the optical design of how to form a small-sized dual-channel endoscope system are not described. The patent "A Stereoscopic Endoscope System" (CN103654698 A) describes a stereoscopic endoscope system based on an objective lens, a rotating mirror, an eyepiece, an adapter and a CCD. Consider the actual size requirements of the binocular endoscope for design. The patent "A New Type of Stereoscopic Endoscope" (CN 104188617 A) describes that the images of two groups of optical paths can be transmitted to the target surface of an image sensor through a dichroic prism, thereby reducing the overall volume of the stereoscopic endoscope. However, this type of dual-channel endoscope can only be used with a special CCD, and this binocular endoscope cannot be expanded to other fields, such as a binocular endoscope directly observed by the human eye system; and this patent The design usually has a longer distance from the end of the last set of rotating mirrors to the CCD sensing surface. Therefore, it is of great technical significance to design a small-sized general-purpose dual-channel endoscope in the field of stereoscopic endoscopes.

Contents of the invention

The invention discloses a novel dual-channel endoscope design. By designing the parameters and positions of optical devices, not only the diameter of the inner tube entering the body can be greatly reduced, but also the length and diameter of the part outside the body can be shortened as much as possible. At the same time, the system has low requirements for lens installation, and can conveniently realize the functions of distance adjustment, focal length adjustment, and magnification adjustment between two channels outside the body, which increases its use scalability and versatility.

The technical scheme of the present invention is such, wherein in the dual-channel endoscope announced by the present invention, the optical path design of one path is as shown in Figure 1, by eyepiece 1, rod mirror 2, small rectangular prism 3, short-focus lens 4, large rectangular prism 5 And telephoto lens 6 forms. The design of the two optical paths of the dual-channel endoscope is symmetrical.

As preferably, the length of the right-angled side of the small right-angled prism is usually equal to the length of the rod-shaped static diameter; the diameter of the short focus lens is between the length of the right-angled side of the small right-angled prism and the length of the right-angled side of the large right-angled prism, and the focal length is 3 ~ 10mm; the right-angled side of the large right-angled prism is usually 1-26mm; the diameter of the telephoto lens is usually 12-26mm, and the focal length is 10-50mm, which forms an optical magnification effect with the short-focus lens.

The working principle of the present invention is that after the object AB passes through the eyepiece and the rod mirror, it will be imaged near the exit surface of the last rod mirror; in order to realize that the diameter of the mirror tube entering the body is as small as possible, the two optical paths of the binocular endoscope should be as close as possible , turn the light 90 degrees through the small rectangular prism 3 whose diameter is equivalent to that of the rod mirror; on the one hand, the short-focus lens 4 can converge the light that is about to diverge, so that it passes through the large rectangular lens 5 smoothly; 6 constituting the optical image enlargement relationship. In the present invention, the purpose of placing the lens 4 in the two prisms is to make full use of the optical path in the right-angle prism and achieve the design purpose of minimum mechanical size. Place the focal plane of the lens 4 on the image plane of the object AB passing through the eyepiece and behind the rod mirror, then the image passing through the lens 4 will appear at infinity, that is, the outgoing rays are in a parallel state; the parallel light spot is reflected by the large rectangular prism 5 On the telephoto lens 6 , at the focal plane of the lens 6 , a deflected and magnified image A'B' of the object AB will be obtained, and the image magnification is the focal length ratio of the lens 6 and the lens 4 .

The role of the prism structure in the dual-channel endoscope of the present invention is to realize the 90-degree flip of the light, but it is not limited to 90 degrees, it can be any desired angle, and any optical structure or element with the same effect should belong to the present invention within the scope of patent protection.

Advantage and positive effect of the present invention are:

The dual-channel endoscope of the present invention creates the possibility for the miniaturization of the overall shape and structure. The lens is placed between two right-angled prisms so that the geometric space of the optical structure of the steering part can be fully utilized. The first-level magnification process of the optical image is completed.

The optical unit in the present invention has low requirements on the assembly of the lens. In the assembly of the lens, it is only necessary to ensure that the distance between the lens 4 and the exit focal plane of the rod mirror is the focal length of the lens 4. The distances of other dimensions can be freely adjusted according to actual needs, and can also be realized. Smooth imaging of the entire dual channel endoscope.

The dual-channel endoscope of the present invention has good versatility, and can adjust the magnification and imaging position by selecting the focal length ratio of the lens 4 and the lens 6 according to different applications and the size of the photosensitive surface of the CCD.

The distance between the two outgoing images of the dual-channel endoscope of the present invention is easy to adjust. Since the light is in a parallel light state during the transmission process between the lens 4 and the lens 6, the distance between the lens 4 and the large rectangular prism 5 can be adjusted arbitrarily, that is, The spacing of two-channel output images can be achieved. The distance can be adjusted in a large range, so it can meet different applications, such as direct observation by human eyes and images received by CCD sensors of different sizes.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is the optical path design of one of the dual-channel endoscopes.

Fig. 2 is a schematic design diagram of a stereoscopic endoscope based on the present invention.

Detailed ways

Implementation mode one:

As shown in Figure 2: Based on the content of this patent, a 3D endoscope structure can be realized by adding an imaging CCD to the rear end of the binocular endoscope. For example, the single-way mirror tube 7 has a diameter of 5mm, and at the end of the single-way mirror tube, add a right-angled prism with a right-angled side of 5mm, a short-focus lens with a diameter of 6mm and a focal length of 6.5mm, a right-angled prism with a right-angled side of 12.5mm, and a right-angled prism with a diameter of 25.4mm and a focal length of 25mm. The lens forms an optical steering and amplifying module 8; the images after the steering and amplifying module are respectively imaged on the photosensitive surfaces of the two CCDs, and the two CCDs are installed side by side in the space 9; 10 is the CCD power supply cable, data cable and lighting cable .

By using two right-angle prisms and placing the lens between the two prisms, the size requirement of the diameter of the single-channel mirror tube on the back-end lens and other optical devices is eliminated, making full use of the space and the light path steering process The optical distance in the middle greatly shortens the actual geometric distance required for image turning and magnification; the focus of the short-focus lens falls on the image plane at the exit end of the mirror tube 7, so that the light passing through the lens becomes a parallel beam, which can be To ensure that the imaging quality is not affected, the distance between the two channels can be adjusted conveniently by adjusting the distance between the short-focus lens and the large prism, and the image magnification and imaging focal length can be adjusted by adjusting the focal length ratio of the two lenses. The dual channel endoscope of the present invention is suitable for a wide variety of applications.

Claims (6)

1. a Double channel endoscope, it is characterized in that: imaging object light realizes turning to of light path and amplifies through first prism, first lens, second prism, second lens, to realize the imaging function of Double channel endoscope successively after being spread out of by rod-like mirror.

2. a kind of Double channel endoscope according to claim 1, is characterized in that first lens is between first prism and second prism, to make full use of space and light path, shortens integrally-built geometric distance.

3. a kind of Double channel endoscope according to claim 1, is characterized in that first lens focus is positioned at the picture plane place of rod-like mirror exit end, to make light ray parallel after lens.

4. a kind of Double channel endoscope according to claim 1, is characterized in that first prism right angle length of side equals rod-like mirror diameter length; First lens diameter is between first prism right angle length of side and second prism right angle length of side, and focal length is 3 ~ 10mm; Second prism right angle length of side is 1 ~ 26mm; Second lens diameter is 12 ~ 26mm, and focal length is 10 ~ 50mm.

5. a kind of Double channel endoscope according to claim 1, is characterized in that the effect of prism structure is the 90 degree of upsets realizing light, but is not limited to 90 degree, can be the angle needed arbitrarily,

6. a kind of Double channel endoscope according to claim 1, is characterized in that all lens materials are made up of the transparent material such as glass, plastics.