CN104407372B - A kind of β ray positions detection device and method based on flash fiber - Google Patents
A kind of β ray positions detection device and method based on flash fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN104407372B CN104407372B CN201410809649.8A CN201410809649A CN104407372B CN 104407372 B CN104407372 B CN 104407372B CN 201410809649 A CN201410809649 A CN 201410809649A CN 104407372 B CN104407372 B CN 104407372B
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010073306 Exposure to radiation Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of β ray position detection devices based on flash fiber, the device includes：Collimater and position sensitive detector, wherein：Collimater is used for by perpendicular to the incident β rays of position sensitive detector in-plane so that the β rays of only vertical incidence position sensitive detector can hit the flash fiber in position sensitive detector；Position sensitive detector is located at the rear of collimater, and position sensing is carried out for the β rays for the vertical incidence by collimater.The present invention also discloses a kind of location detection methods.The present invention is weaved cotton cloth using optical fiber can be while obtain Beta-ray two-dimensional position information；The light loss during light is collected can be reduced, makes it possible the β ray position sensitive detectors of large area；Light collection efficiency is increased, is conducive to position resolution and energy resolution；The quantity of photomultiplier is greatlyd save, cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radiation detection technology field, and in particular to a kind of β ray positions detection dress based on flash fiber
Put and method.
Background technology
β-ray detector is usually used in the surface contamination detection of beta emitter, is radiated for personnel (the especially wounded) β
The detection of contact scar, it is necessary to measure the position distribution of β pollution sources, to take partial decontamination, it is to avoid bacterium infection and radioactivity
Material entrance causes interior irradiation in vivo.
General β ray positions sensitive detector is coupled on the photomultiplier of position sensitive using Plastic scintillation piece and constituted
Position sensitive detector, because the cost of position sensitive photo-multiplier tube is sufficiently expensive, therefore is not suitable for the β rays of large area
Position sensitive detector.Such as Hamamatsu H8500 position sensitive photo-multiplier tubes, its effective area is 52mm × 52mm,
But price is at 40,000 yuan or so, if to design a position sensitive detector for 52cm × 52cm sizes for personnel, need
100 photomultipliers, single this cost just reaches 4,000,000.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the problem that above-mentioned β ray positions detection device is present, the present invention provides a kind of based on flash fiber
β ray positions detection device and method.
According to an aspect of the invention, it is proposed that a kind of β ray positions detection device, the device includes：Collimater and position
Sensitive detector, wherein：
The collimater is used for by perpendicular to the incident β rays of the position sensitive detector in-plane so that only
The β rays for having position sensitive detector described in vertical incidence can hit the flash fiber in the position sensitive detector；
The position sensitive detector is located at the rear of the collimater, for for vertically entering by the collimater
The β rays penetrated carry out position sensing.
Alternatively, the collimater is made of copper product.
Alternatively, the collimater is loose structure.
Alternatively, the position sensitive detector includes detector array and multianode position sensitive photo-multiplier tube, its
In：
The detector array is with the sensitive detector array of two-dimensional position, for detecting β rays；
The multianode position sensitive photo-multiplier tube is connected with the detector array, for collecting the array detection
Device output optical signal, convert optical signals to electric signal, and determined by distinguishing the source position of optical signal the β rays with
The position that the detector array interacts.
Alternatively, the detector array is formed by a plurality of flash fiber band weaving, same flash fiber band
Two ends are bundled together, form an entirety, are coupled on the corresponding assistant anode of multianode position sensitive photo-multiplier tube.
Alternatively, the flash fiber band is formed by one or more flash fiber order dense arrangement, the passage of scintillation light
Fine termination is combined, integrated a branch of by the way of solid matter.
According to another aspect of the present invention, it is also proposed that one kind carries out β ray positions using the β ray positions detection device
The method of detection, the described method comprises the following steps：
Step 1, on certain the flash fiber band that beta ray source is irradiated in position sensitive detector by collimater, the β
Ray produces ionization in the flash fiber band, excites fluorescence signal, by a time of measuring for the flash fiber band
Fluorescence signal measurement, obtain the positional information that the β rays are acted on the flash fiber band；
Step 2, translates described one unit distance of position sensitive detector, according to the step 1, β rays is measured again
The positional information acted on flash fiber band；
Step 3, merges for position measurements twice, obtains the positional information of the beta ray source.
Alternatively, it is recordable to obtain β and penetrate when repeatedly there is β radiation exposures in the time of measuring in the step 1
The integrated value that line source intensity is projected in the x-direction and the z-direction.
Alternatively, in the step 3, it is overlapped for position measurements twice, the beta ray source after being superimposed is strong
Degree projection value in x and y direction, by filter back-projection algorithm, you can obtain the positional information of beta ray source.
Alternatively, methods described also includes：
Step 4, scale is carried out by standard β irradiation fields for position measurements.
The present invention makes position sensitive detector and then obtains β ray positions detection dress using the method that flash fiber is weaved cotton cloth
Put, the present invention has advantages below：
1) because flash fiber has one-dimensional effect of contraction to light, being weaved cotton cloth using optical fiber can be while obtains Beta-ray two dimension
Positional information；
2) flash fiber is both as beta-ray detection material, and used as fluorescent photon optical transmission medium, reduces during light collects
Light loss, make it possible the β ray position sensitive detectors of large area；
3) two ports of fibre ribbon are merged together, and increased light collection efficiency, are conducive to position resolution and energy point
Distinguish；
4) sensitive volume of position sensitive detector is optical fiber woven areas, and area can be very big, and with photomultiplier coupling
The region of conjunction is the termination of optical fiber, due to optic fibre end area very little, therefore is saved greatly the quantity of photomultiplier.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of β ray positions detection device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of collimater according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of fibre ribbon array weave according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is many structural representations of the fibre ribbon of flash fiber composition；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of multianode position sensitive photo-multiplier tube Hamamatsu H8500.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
According to an aspect of the invention, it is proposed that a kind of β ray positions detection device, Fig. 1 is according to one embodiment of the invention
β ray position detection devices structural representation, as shown in figure 1, the β ray positions detection device include the He of collimater 1
Position sensitive detector 2, wherein：
The collimater 1 is used for by being approximately perpendicular to (in the range of 90 ° of x ° of ± Δs, wherein x is an a small amount of) described position
The incident β rays of sensitive detector in-plane so that the β radial energies of the only substantially vertical incident position sensitive detector
Enough hit the flash fiber in the position sensitive detector；
In an embodiment of the present invention, the collimater 1 is made of copper product, and is processed into loose structure, such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show.
The thickness of the collimater 1 and aperture can set according to the need for position resolution.
The position sensitive detector 2 is located at the rear of the collimater 1, for for hanging down by the collimater 1
Straight incident β rays carry out position sensing.
Further, the position sensitive detector 2 includes detector array 21 and multianode position sensitive photomultiplier transit
Pipe 22, wherein：
The detector array 21 be with the sensitive detector array of two-dimensional position, it is glimmering for transmit that β rays excite
Optical signal；
In an embodiment of the present invention, the detector array 21 is formed by a plurality of flash fiber 211 weavings of band, its
In, same flash fiber is bundled together with 211 two ends, forms an entirety, is coupled to the multianode position sensitive light
On the corresponding assistant anode of electric multiplier tube 22, so finally may be used with the passage of scintillation light that 211 both directions are propagated along certain flash fiber
To be collected into the same anode of multianode position sensitive photo-multiplier tube 22, so as to increased light collection efficiency, position is improve
Put resolution ratio and energy resolution.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of flash fiber is carried out with 211 according to the staggeredly mode of weaving cotton cloth shown in Fig. 3
Braiding, as interlaced detector array 21, in Fig. 3, X1 ... XM represent transversely arranged fibre ribbon sequence number, Y1 ... YN tables
Show the fibre ribbon sequence number of longitudinal arrangement.After the completion of braiding, every flash fiber is bundled together with the two of 211 terminations, forms one
Individual circular or square termination, is coupled on certain assistant anode of the multianode position sensitive photo-multiplier tube 22, so
Each anode of photomultiplier just corresponds to a fibre ribbon, so as to possess position resolution.
Further, the flash fiber band 211 is formed by one or more flash fiber order dense arrangement, in flat
Shape, as shown in figure 4, in Fig. 4, the flash fiber is a with 211 width, and as shown in the upper figure in Fig. 4, specific width takes
Value can be according to being adjusted the need for position resolution, for example can wide to be adjusted to 1cm wide from 1mm；The termination of the flash fiber
It is combined, integrated a branch of by the way of solid matter, its shape can be circular or square, to match the multianode position spirit of rear end
Quick photomultiplier 22, a diameter of b of termination, as shown in the figure below in Fig. 4.As Beta-ray detection material and optical transport material
Material, the flash fiber can use circular or square flash fiber.
The multianode position sensitive photo-multiplier tube 22 is connected with the detector array 21, for collecting the array
The optical signal of the output of detector 21, converts optical signals to electric signal, and determine the β by distinguishing the source position of optical signal
The position that ray example interacts with the detector array 21, i.e., by distinguishing which bar flash fiber band optical signal is from
What is issued determines that β rays and which bar flash fiber band there occurs interaction.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the multianode position sensitive photo-multiplier tube 22 is using Hamamatsu H8500
Multianode position sensitive photo-multiplier tube, its structural representation is as shown in Figure 5.
According to another aspect of the invention, it is proposed that one kind carries out β ray position spies using the β ray positions detection device
The method of survey, the described method comprises the following steps：
Step 1, beta ray source is irradiated on certain flash fiber band in position sensitive detector 2 by collimater 1, institute
State β rays and ionization is produced in this bar flash fiber band, excite fluorescence signal, flashed for this by a time of measuring
The measurement of the fluorescence signal of fibre ribbon, obtains the positional information that the β rays are acted on the flash fiber band；
In the step, when β rays hit certain flash fiber band, ionization is produced in this bar flash fiber band, excited
Fluorescence signal, the multianode position sensitive photo-multiplier tube 22 is identified for the flash fiber band, and records the flicker
The numbering of fibre ribbon, when repeatedly there is above-mentioned example in time of measuring t, so that it may which record obtains beta ray source intensity in X-direction
With the integrated value projected in Y-direction；
Step 2, translates described 2 one unit distances of position sensitive detector, according to the step 1, β rays is measured again
The positional information acted on flash fiber band；
Such as, can translate to the right 2 one flash fiber bandwidth of position sensitive detector apart from a, the survey of repeat step 1
Amount, time of measuring is still t.
Step 3, merges for position measurements twice, obtains the positional information of the beta ray source.
Such as, the position data that the step 2 can be measured translation distance a to the left in reference axis, then with the step
Rapid 1 position data for measuring is overlapped, the projection value in x and y direction of the beta ray source intensity after being superimposed, by filter
Ripple backprojection algorithm, you can obtain the positional information of beta ray source.
Step 4, scale is carried out by standard β irradiation fields for position measurements.
When β pollution sources are a point source, position sensitive detector can only determine certain flash fiber band (m)
Have signal, that is to say, that Beta-ray one-dimensional position can only be determined, at this moment can to position sensitive detector translate a unit away from
From a (width for flash fiber band), it is possible to find with flash fiber with another m perpendicular flash fiber band (n)
Also there is signal, merged by mathematics, you can determine the position of the β point sources.
When β pollution sources are a situations in face source, it is believed that β faces source is made up of multiple point sources, according to the method described above
The distribution situation in β faces source can equally be determined.
So, radiator beta-ray is measured by position sensitive detector twice, wherein second measurement is measured relative to first time
Translation unit a, is then merged the data twice obtained by measurement, so that it may obtain beta ray source intensity in x and y direction
Projection value, then obtains the Two dimensional Distribution of radiator beta-ray by filter back-projection algorithm, which solves in the case of point source,
Detector one-shot measurement only has the problem of one-dimensional resolution, and the present invention obtains second by second measurement after translation
The position resolution of dimension.
Particular embodiments described above, has been carried out further in detail to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect
Describe in detail bright, should be understood that and the foregoing is only specific embodiment of the invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., should be included in guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of β ray positions detection device, it is characterised in that the device includes：Collimater and position sensitive detector, its
In：
The collimater is used for by perpendicular to the incident β rays of the position sensitive detector in-plane so that only hang down
The β rays of the straight incident position sensitive detector can hit the flash fiber in the position sensitive detector；
The position sensitive detector is located at the rear of the collimater, for for the vertical incidence by the collimater
β rays carry out position sensing；
Wherein, the position sensitive detector includes detector array and multianode position sensitive photo-multiplier tube, the array
Detector is formed by a plurality of flash fiber band weaving, and the two ends of same flash fiber band are bundled together, and formation one is whole
Body, is coupled on the corresponding assistant anode of multianode position sensitive photo-multiplier tube；The spirit of the position sensitive detector
Quick area is that a plurality of flash fiber interlocks the woven areas worked out.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the collimater is made of copper product.
3. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the collimater is loose structure.
4. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the detector array is with the sensitive battle array of two-dimensional position
Row detector, for transmitting the fluorescent photon that β rays are excited；
The multianode position sensitive photo-multiplier tube is connected with the detector array, defeated for collecting the detector array
The optical signal for going out, converts optical signals to electric signal, and determined by distinguishing the source position of optical signal the β rays with it is described
The position that detector array interacts.
5. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the flash fiber band is suitable by one or more flash fiber
Sequence dense arrangement is formed, and the termination of the flash fiber is combined, integrated a branch of by the way of solid matter.
6. a kind of method for carrying out β ray position detections using β ray positions detection device described in claim 1, its feature exists
In the described method comprises the following steps：
Step 1, on certain the flash fiber band that beta ray source is irradiated in position sensitive detector by collimater, the β rays
Ionization is produced in the flash fiber band, fluorescence signal is excited, by glimmering for the flash fiber band in a time of measuring
The measurement of optical signal, obtains the positional information that the β rays are acted on the flash fiber band；
Step 2, translates described one unit distance of position sensitive detector, according to the step 1, β rays is measured again and is dodged
The positional information of bright fibre ribbon effect；
Step 3, merges for position measurements twice, obtains the positional information of the beta ray source.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in the step 1, repeatedly occur in the time of measuring
It is recordable to obtain the integrated value that beta ray source intensity is projected in the x-direction and the z-direction during β radiation exposures.
8. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in the step 3, carried out for position measurements twice
It is superimposed, the projection value in x and y direction of the beta ray source intensity after being superimposed, by filter back-projection algorithm, you can obtain β
The positional information of radiographic source.
9. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：
Step 4, scale is carried out by standard β irradiation fields for position measurements.
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| CN201410809649.8A CN104407372B (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2014-12-23 | A kind of β ray positions detection device and method based on flash fiber |
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| CN201410809649.8A CN104407372B (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2014-12-23 | A kind of β ray positions detection device and method based on flash fiber |
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| CN105093260B (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2018-08-28 | 北京师范大学 | Rectangular multiple capillary X-ray regulation and control device and preparation method thereof |
| CN109188501B (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2021-03-26 | 华中科技大学 | PET imaging system detector based on scintillation optical fiber |
| US12320930B2 (en) | 2020-03-19 | 2025-06-03 | Duke University | Localized radiation sensing and reporting surfaces |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 《β 射线光纤成像系统》;汪晓莲等;《核技术》;19971031;第20卷(第10期);第583-584页、图1-3 * |
| 《新型β表面污染位置分辨探测器设计》;曲延涛等;《中国原子能科学研究院年报》;20101231;第334页 * |
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Inventor after: Liu Junhui Inventor after: Hu Yuxin Inventor after: Zhou Wenping Inventor after: Wang Chunan Inventor after: Xu Rongzheng Inventor after: Fu Yongsheng Inventor after: Cheng Jinxing Inventor after: Xu Jincao Inventor after: Zhao Fengtao Inventor after: Zhang Bin Inventor after: Lu Xiaopeng Inventor after: Wen Weiwei Inventor after: Wu Youpeng Inventor after: Zhu Zuoming Inventor before: Liu Junhui Inventor before: Cheng Jinxing Inventor before: Zhao Fengtao Inventor before: Wen Weiwei Inventor before: Wu Youpeng Inventor before: Hu Yuxin Inventor before: Zhou Wenping Inventor before: Wang Chunan |
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