CN104402997A - 在人中具有降低的免疫原性的抗体 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及在人中具有降低的免疫原性的抗体。本发明涉及工程化抗体,当施用于人时,该工程化抗体在人中表现出低水平的免疫原性。本公开还涉及用于产生抗体的方法。工程化抗体可以源自例如非人(例如鼠)供体抗体、或源自嵌合的或人源化的抗体,当长期施用于人时,所述抗体已知、预测或预期在人中引起中和性抗-抗体反应。
Description
相关申请
本申请是国际申请日为2011年4月29日的国际申请PCT/US2011/034598进入中国、申请号为201180031672.3的题为“在人中具有降低的免疫原性的抗体”的发明专利申请的分案申请。本申请要求2010年4月30日提交的美国临时申请号61/330,261的权益。上述引用的申请的全部教导都在此处引入作为参考。
序列表
本申请包含已经通过EFS-Web提交的序列表,该序列表在此处被完整地引入作为参考。所述ASCII拷贝在2011年4月29日生成,名为ALXN155W.txt,大小为29,908字节。
技术领域
本发明的领域是医学、免疫学、分子生物学和蛋白质化学。
背景技术
将啮齿动物抗体(例如,小鼠、大鼠或兔)施用于人通常导致人中抗啮齿动物免疫球蛋白抗体的产生。抗啮齿动物抗体可以中和治疗性抗体的任何可能的治疗作用。对于施用于人的其它类型的非人抗体(例如,猿类抗体),发生同样的过程。为了克服这个问题,可以将非人抗体再工程化(re-engineered)为,例如,嵌合人抗体或CDR-嫁接(grafted)的人抗体。在人嵌合抗体中,可变区是非人来源的(例如,小鼠来源),恒定区是人来源的。通常被称为人源化抗体的CDR-嫁接的抗体的产生是更复杂的过程,其中,用非人供体抗体的CDR替换完全人受体抗体的CDR。然而,对于这些再工程化抗体变体中的每一种,仍然报道了人抗人抗体(HAHA)反应。例如,Welt等.[(2003) Clin Cancer Res 9:1338-1346]描述了人源化的抗-A33抗体,当施用于人结肠癌患者时,在73%的患者中引起了HAHA反应。在另一个例子中,已经显示,嵌合的抗-TNF抗体Remicade? (Johnson & Johnson) 在单一治疗的最高达53%的类风湿关节炎患者中和当与甲氨喋呤联合治疗的高达15%的患者中引起了HAHA反应。(见,例如,Aarden等.(2008) Curr Opin Immunol 20:431-435。) 发现高达26%的强直性脊柱炎患者在重复施用药物后产生针对Remicade?的抗体。Anderson [(2005) Semin Arthritis Rheum 34:19-22]报道,在接受完全人源化抗体阿达木单抗(adalimumab ,HUMIRA?)的患者中,人抗阿达木单抗抗体的发生率约为6%。如同Remicade?,当阿达木单抗与甲氨喋呤联合施用时,观察到了针对阿达木单抗的较低发生率的HAHA反应(见Aarden等(2008),同上)。然而,Aarden等发现,近20%的针对阿达木单抗的HAHA反应是中和的。因此,对于人源化治疗性抗体以降低人类患者中的免疫原性、尤其对于要长期施用的治疗性抗体的改进的方法显然仍然有需要。
发明内容
本公开至少部分基于发明人的发现,即人源化抗-C5抗体依库丽单抗(eculizumab)在人中表现出非常低水平的免疫原性。正如随附的工作实施例中所详述的,在数年期间,超过130个治疗剂量的依库丽单抗施用于患有阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿(PNH)的个体患者。患者没有同时施用免疫抑制剂如甲氨喋呤。从患者获得血液样品,并分析以确定样品是否包含结合于依库丽单抗的抗体。这种抗体的存在表明针对依库丽单抗的人抗-人抗体反应。结果发现,仅有1.2%的患者(2/161)具有低、但可检测水平的结合于依库丽单抗的抗体。然而,进一步的分析验证了两份血液样品都不包含能够中和依库丽单抗的治疗作用的抗体。因此,发明人推测,可以将依库丽单抗用作产生额外的治疗性抗体的支架,该额外的治疗性抗体在人中也表现出低水平的免疫原性。因此,本公开的特征在于工程化的抗体,其包含嫁接于免疫原性降低的受体抗体支架上的供体抗体的CDR,与供体抗体在人中的免疫原性相比,其在人中的免疫原性更低。工程化的抗体可以源自已知、预测或预期在人中,尤其当它们长期施用时,引起中和性抗-抗体反应的供体抗体。如此处所述,供体抗体可以是,例如,非人抗体(例如,啮齿动物抗体或非人类灵长类抗体)或者被发现产生人抗-人抗体( HAHA)反应(例如,在人中中和供体抗体的治疗作用的HAHA反应)的人源化的或完全的人抗体。供体抗体和/或获得的工程化抗体可以是用于治疗或诊断人受试者中任何各种疾病的抗体,所述疾病包括但不限于,癌症、感染、代谢紊乱、炎症状况、自身免疫性疾病、神经病症、血液病症和心血管病症。
正如工作实施例中所讨论的,依库丽单抗是人源化的抗体,其具有一组源自I.23 Ig轻链分子的轻链框架区域和一组源自H20C3 Ig重链分子的重链框架区域。Weng等.(1992) J Immunol 149(7):2518-2529提供了H20C3重链多肽的氨基酸序列,该序列也可根据NCBI登录号AAA52985获得。编码H20C3的核酸序列与对应的人种系重链免疫球蛋白基因约98%相似。Klein等.(1993) Eur J Immunol 23(12):3248-3262部分描述了I.23轻链多肽的氨基酸序列,其完整序列也可根据NCBI登录号CAA51145.1而公开获得。I.23编码序列源自人种系Vκ和Jκ基因,但是在第38位包含来自种系序列的单一氨基酸改变。因此,来自依库丽单抗的框架区(依库丽单抗的轻链或重链可变区),I.23和/或H20C3可用于产生在人中表现出低水平免疫原性的工程化抗体。工作实施例描述了额外的功能性的人源化抗体的构建,该抗体包括来自依库丽单抗的轻链框架区1-3和重链框架区1-3。在一些实施方案中,一个或多个但不是所有的依库丽单抗的CDR,I.23和/或H20C3也可用于产生工程化抗体。
在一个方面,本公开的特征在于多肽(例如,轻链多肽),其包含下列顺序的氨基酸序列区段:LFR1-LCDR1-LFR2-LCDR2-LFR3-LCDR3-LFR4。从具有SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:8所述的氨基酸序列的轻链可变区获得一个或多个轻链框架区LFR1、LFR2和LFR3,从供体抗体获得一个或多个轻链互补决定区LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3,条件是该多肽不包含SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:8所述的完整氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,可以从具有SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:8所述的氨基酸序列的轻链可变区获得LFR4。
在一些实施方案中,可以从具有SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:8所述的氨基酸序列的轻链可变区获得一个CDR。在一些实施方案中,可以从具有SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:8所述的氨基酸序列的轻链可变区获得两个CDR。在一些实施方案中,至少两个CDR可以来自同样的供体抗体。在一些实施方案中,所有的CDR可以来自同样的供体抗体。
在一些实施方案中,根据Kabat定义框架区和CDR。在一些实施方案中,根据Chothia定义框架区和CDR。在一些实施方案中,根据组合的Kabat-Chothia定义来定义框架区和CDR。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:9所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,LFR2包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:10或SEQ ID NO:18所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,LFR3包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:11所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,LFR4包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:12所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:9所述的氨基酸序列;LFR2包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:10所述的氨基酸序列;LFR3包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:11所述的氨基酸序列;以及LFR4包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:12所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:9所述的氨基酸序列;LFR2包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:18所述的氨基酸序列;LFR3包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:11所述的氨基酸序列;以及LFR4包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:12所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:20或SEQ ID NO:24所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,LFR2包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:21或SEQ ID NO:25所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,LFR3包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:22或SEQ ID NO:26所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,LFR4包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:23所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:20所述的氨基酸序列;LFR2包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:21所述的氨基酸序列;LFR3包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:22所述的氨基酸序列;以及LFR4包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:23所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:24所述的氨基酸序列;LFR2包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:25所述的氨基酸序列;LFR3包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:26所述的氨基酸序列;以及LFR4包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:23所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,多肽(例如,轻链多肽)包含全部或部分的免疫球蛋白轻链多肽恒定区,例如多肽可以包含SEQ ID NO:3所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,轻链多肽恒定区包含人氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,轻链恒定区是λ轻链恒定区或κ轻链恒定区。
在另一个方面,本公开的特征在于多肽(例如,重链多肽),其包含或组成为下列顺序的氨基酸序列区段:HFR1-HCDR1-HFR2-HCDR2-HFR3-HCDR3-HFR4。可以从具有SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所述的氨基酸序列的重链可变区获得重链框架区HFR1、HFR2和HFR3中的一个或多个,从供体抗体获得重链互补决定区HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3中的一个或多个,条件是该多肽不包含SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所述的完整氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,可以从具有SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所述的氨基酸序列的重链可变区获得LFR4。
在一些实施方案中,可以从具有SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所述的氨基酸序列的重链可变区获得一个CDR。在一些实施方案中,可以从具有SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所述的氨基酸序列的重链可变区获得两个CDR。在一些实施方案中,至少两个CDR可以来自同样的供体抗体。在一些实施方案中,所有的CDR可以来自同样的供体抗体。
在一些实施方案中,根据Kabat定义框架区和CDR。在一些实施方案中,根据Chothia定义框架区和CDR。在一些实施方案中,根据组合的Kabat-Chothia定义来定义框架区和CDR。
在一些实施方案中,HFR1包含或组成为SEQ ID NO: 13、17或19中任一个所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,HFR2包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:14所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,HFR3包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:15所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,HFR4包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:16所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,HFR1包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:13所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:14所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:15所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:16所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,HFR1包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:17所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:14所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:15所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:16所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,HFR1包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:19所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:14所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:15所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:16所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,HFR1包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:17所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,HFR2包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:27或SEQ ID NO:30所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,HFR3包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:28或SEQ ID NO:31所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,HFR4包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:29或SEQ ID NO:32所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,HFR1包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:17所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:27所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:28所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:29所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,HFR1包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:17所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:30所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:31所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:32所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,多肽(例如,重链多肽)包含全部或部分的免疫球蛋白重链多肽恒定区,例如多肽可以包含SEQ ID NO:6所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,多肽(例如,重链多肽)可以包含免疫球蛋白分子的Fc部分。在一些实施方案中,免疫球蛋白重链多肽恒定区是IgG、IgA、IgE、IgD或IgM重链多肽恒定区。
在另一个方面,本公开的特征在于工程化抗体,其包含:(i)轻链多肽和(ii)重链多肽,其中所述轻链多肽包含下列顺序的氨基酸序列区段:LFR1-LCDR1-LFR2-LCDR2-LFR3-LCDR3-LFR4,其中从具有SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:8所述的氨基酸序列的轻链可变区获得轻链框架区LFR1、LFR2和LFR3,其中从供体抗体获得轻链互补决定区LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3中的一个或多个,条件是该轻链多肽不包含SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:8所述的完整氨基酸序列。重链多肽包含下列顺序的氨基酸序列区段:HFR1-HCDR1-HFR2-HCDR2-HFR3-HCDR3-HFR4,其中可以从具有SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所述的氨基酸序列的重链可变区获得重链框架区HFR1、HFR2和HFR3,其中从供体抗体获得重链互补决定区HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3中的一个或多个,条件是该重链多肽不包含SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所述的完整氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,根据Kabat定义来定义轻链框架区、重链框架区、轻链CDR和重链CDR。在一些实施方案中,根据Chothia定义来定义轻链框架区、重链框架区、轻链CDR和重链CDR。在一些实施方案中,根据组合的Kabat-Chothia定义来定义轻链框架区、重链框架区、轻链CDR和重链CDR。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含SEQ ID NO:9所述的氨基酸序列;LFR2包含SEQ ID NO:10所述的氨基酸序列;LFR3包含SEQ ID NO:11所述的氨基酸序列;LFR4包含SEQ ID NO:12所述的氨基酸序列,HFR1包含SEQ ID NO:13所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含SEQ ID NO:14所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含SEQ ID NO:15所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含SEQ ID NO:16所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含SEQ ID NO:9所述的氨基酸序列;LFR2包含SEQ ID NO:18所述的氨基酸序列;LFR3包含SEQ ID NO:11所述的氨基酸序列;LFR4包含SEQ ID NO:12所述的氨基酸序列,HFR1包含SEQ ID NO:19所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含SEQ ID NO:14所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含SEQ ID NO:15所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含SEQ ID NO:16所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含SEQ ID NO:9所述的氨基酸序列;LFR2包含SEQ ID NO:18所述的氨基酸序列;LFR3包含SEQ ID NO:11所述的氨基酸序列;LFR4包含SEQ ID NO:12所述的氨基酸序列,HFR1包含SEQ ID NO:13所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含SEQ ID NO:14所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含SEQ ID NO:15所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含SEQ ID NO:16所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含SEQ ID NO:9所述的氨基酸序列;LFR2包含SEQ ID NO:10所述的氨基酸序列;LFR3包含SEQ ID NO:11所述的氨基酸序列;LFR4包含SEQ ID NO:12所述的氨基酸序列,HFR1包含SEQ ID NO:19所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含SEQ ID NO:14所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含SEQ ID NO:15所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含SEQ ID NO:16所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含SEQ ID NO:9所述的氨基酸序列;LFR2包含SEQ ID NO:10所述的氨基酸序列;LFR3包含SEQ ID NO:11所述的氨基酸序列;LFR4包含SEQ ID NO:12所述的氨基酸序列,HFR1包含SEQ ID NO:17所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含SEQ ID NO:14所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含SEQ ID NO:15所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含SEQ ID NO:16所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含SEQ ID NO:9所述的氨基酸序列;LFR2包含SEQ ID NO:18所述的氨基酸序列;LFR3包含SEQ ID NO:11所述的氨基酸序列;LFR4包含SEQ ID NO:12所述的氨基酸序列,HFR1包含SEQ ID NO:17所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含SEQ ID NO:14所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含SEQ ID NO:15所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含SEQ ID NO:16所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含SEQ ID NO:20所述的氨基酸序列;LFR2包含SEQ ID NO:21所述的氨基酸序列;LFR3包含SEQ ID NO:22所述的氨基酸序列;LFR4包含SEQ ID NO:23所述的氨基酸序列,HFR1包含SEQ ID NO:17所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含SEQ ID NO:27所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含SEQ ID NO:28所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含SEQ ID NO:29所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含SEQ ID NO:20所述的氨基酸序列;LFR2包含SEQ ID NO:21所述的氨基酸序列;LFR3包含SEQ ID NO:22所述的氨基酸序列;LFR4包含SEQ ID NO:23所述的氨基酸序列,HFR1包含SEQ ID NO:17所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含SEQ ID NO:30所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含SEQ ID NO:31所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含SEQ ID NO:32所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含SEQ ID NO:24所述的氨基酸序列;LFR2包含SEQ ID NO:25所述的氨基酸序列;LFR3包含SEQ ID NO:26所述的氨基酸序列;LFR4包含SEQ ID NO:23所述的氨基酸序列,HFR1包含SEQ ID NO:17所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含SEQ ID NO:27所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含SEQ ID NO:28所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含SEQ ID NO:29所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含SEQ ID NO:24所述的氨基酸序列;LFR2包含SEQ ID NO:25所述的氨基酸序列;LFR3包含SEQ ID NO:26所述的氨基酸序列;LFR4包含SEQ ID NO:23所述的氨基酸序列,HFR1包含SEQ ID NO:17所述的氨基酸序列;HFR2包含SEQ ID NO:30所述的氨基酸序列;HFR3包含SEQ ID NO:31所述的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4包含SEQ ID NO:32所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体包含表5中所述的配对的一组重链框架区和轻链框架区。
在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体可以是,例如,抗体片段,例如,选自Fd片段、Fab片段、Fab’ 片段和F(ab’)2片段的抗体片段。
在此处所述的任一工程化抗体的一些实施方案中,重链多肽和轻链多肽可以彼此共价结合。
在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体结合于补体组分蛋白。补体组分蛋白可以是选自C1q、C1r、C1s、C4、C4a、C4b、C3、C3a、C3b、C2、C2a、C2b、C5、C5a、C5b、C6、C7、C8、C9、备解素、补体因子D、补体因子B、MBL、MASP1、MASP2和MASP3的一种。
在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体结合细胞表面受体,例如,G蛋白偶联受体、趋化因子受体、细胞因子受体或受体酪氨酸激酶。
在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体结合于:(i)死亡受体或(ii)死亡受体的配体。在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体结合生长因子、趋化因子或细胞因子。在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体结合免疫球蛋白分子,例如,IgE分子。
在又一个方面中,本公开的特征在于核酸,其编码:(i)任意一种此处所述的多肽(例如,轻链多肽或重链多肽),或(ii)任意此处所述的工程化抗体。其特征还在于包含该核酸的载体。载体可以是表达载体。此外,本公开的特征在于,包含所述核酸或载体的细胞。在另一个方面中,本公开的特征在于用于产生多肽或工程化抗体的方法。该方法包括在适合允许上述包含载体的细胞表达由载体中包含的核酸编码的多肽或工程化抗体的条件下培养所述细胞。该方法还包括从培养的细胞或其中培养细胞的培养基中分离多肽或工程化抗体。其特征还在于通过上述方法产生的分离的多肽或分离的工程化抗体。
在另一个方面,本公开的特征在于用于产生工程化的轻链抗体可变区的方法,与供体轻链可变区的免疫原性相比,该抗体轻链抗体可变区在人中免疫原性更低。该方法包括:提供信息,该信息包括:(i)包含SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:8所述的氨基酸序列的受体轻链抗体可变区氨基酸序列或 (ii)编码受体轻链抗体可变区氨基酸序列的核酸序列;提供信息,该信息包括:(ⅲ)至少一种供体抗体轻链可变区氨基酸序列或(iv)编码供体抗体轻链可变区氨基酸序列的核酸序列;以来自供体抗体轻链可变区的一个或多个CDR替换受体轻链抗体可变区的一个或多个CDR,从而产生工程化的轻链抗体可变区,与供体抗体轻链可变区的免疫原性相比,该工程化的轻链抗体可变区在人中免疫原性更低,条件是该工程化的轻链可变区不包含含有SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:8所述的完整氨基酸序列的轻链多肽。该方法可以包括获得重链抗体可变区,或编码重链抗体可变区的核酸,该重链抗体可变区与工程化的轻链抗体可变区互补,从而产生工程化抗体。
在上述方法的一些实施方案中,使用定向选择获得重链抗体可变区。
在上述方法的一些实施方案中,重链抗体可变区是工程化的重链抗体可变区。
在上述方法的一些实施方案中,工程化的重链抗体可变区的产生包括:提供信息,该信息包括:(i)包含SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所述的氨基酸序列的受体重链抗体可变区氨基酸序列或 (ii)编码受体重链抗体可变区氨基酸序列的核酸序列;提供信息,该信息包括:(ⅲ)至少一种供体抗体重链可变区氨基酸序列或(iv)编码供体抗体重链可变区氨基酸序列的核酸序列;以来自供体抗体重链可变区的一个或多个CDR替换受体重链抗体可变区的一个或多个CDR,从而产生工程化的重链抗体可变区,与供体抗体重链可变区的免疫原性相比,该工程化的重链抗体可变区在人中免疫原性更低,条件是该工程化的抗体可变区不包含含有SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所述的完整氨基酸序列的重链多肽可变区。
在另一个方面,本公开的特征在于用于产生工程化的重链抗体可变区的方法,与供体重链可变区的免疫原性相比,该抗体重链抗体可变区在人中免疫原性更低。该方法包括:提供信息,该信息包括:(i)包含SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所述的氨基酸序列的受体重链抗体可变区氨基酸序列或 (ii)编码受体轻链抗体可变区氨基酸序列的核酸序列;提供信息,该信息包括:(ⅲ)至少一种供体抗体重链可变区氨基酸序列或(iv)编码供体抗体重链可变区氨基酸序列的核酸序列;以来自供体抗体重链可变区的一个或多个CDR替换受体重链抗体可变区的一个或多个CDR,从而产生工程化的重链抗体可变区,与供体抗体重链可变区的免疫原性相比,该工程化的重链抗体可变区在人中免疫原性更低,条件是该工程化的重链可变区不包含含有SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所述的完整氨基酸序列的重链多肽可变区。该方法可以包括获得与工程化的重链抗体可变区互补的轻链抗体可变区,从而产生工程化抗体。
在上述方法的一些实施方案中,使用定向选择获得工程化的轻链抗体可变区。
在上述方法的一些实施方案中,轻链抗体可变区是工程化的轻链抗体可变区。
在上述方法的一些实施方案中,工程化的轻链抗体可变区的产生包括:提供信息,该信息包括:(i)包含SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:8所述的氨基酸序列的受体轻链抗体可变区氨基酸序列或 (ii)编码受体轻链抗体可变区氨基酸序列的核酸序列;提供信息,该信息包括:(ⅲ)至少一种供体抗体轻链可变区氨基酸序列或(iv)编码供体抗体轻链可变区氨基酸序列的核酸序列;以来自供体抗体轻链可变区的一个或多个CDR替换受体轻链抗体可变区的一个或多个CDR,从而产生工程化的轻链可变区,与供体抗体轻链可变区的免疫原性相比,该工程化的轻链可变区在人中免疫原性更低,条件是该工程化的轻链可变区不包含含有SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:8所述的完整氨基酸序列的轻链多肽。
在一些实施方案中,该方法包括产生工程化的抗体轻链可变区和/或工程化的抗体重链可变区(在一些实施方案中,轻链和重链可变区可以包含此处所述的恒定区)。在一些实施方案中,在细胞中或使用无细胞系统产生工程化的抗体轻链可变区。
在一些实施方案中,该方法包括从细胞或其中培养细胞的培养基中分离工程化的抗体轻链可变区和/或工程化的重链可变区。
在一些实施方案中,该方法包括产生工程化抗体。可以在细胞中或使用无细胞系统产生工程化的抗体。在一些实施方案中,该方法包括从细胞或其中培养细胞的培养基中分离工程化抗体。
在一些实施方案中,该方法包括确定工程化抗体是否结合与供体抗体相同的抗原。在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体对于目标抗原可以具有与供体抗体对于相同抗原的亲和力相比更大的亲和力。
在一些实施方案中,该方法包括在工程化抗体施用于人后确定是否产生结合工程化抗体的抗体。
在一些实施方案中,该方法包括改造(reshaping)工程化抗体。在一些实施方案中,改造包括取代框架区域的至少一个氨基酸。在一些实施方案中,改造包括取代框架区域的至少两个氨基酸。在一些实施方案中,改造包括取代至少两个不同的框架区域中的至少一个氨基酸。在一些实施方案中,改造不包括取代框架区域中的一个或多个氨基酸。
在一些实施方案中,改造包括取代至少一个CDR中的至少一个氨基酸。在一些实施方案中,改造包括取代至少一个CDR中的至少两个氨基酸。在一些实施方案中,改造包括取代CDR的至少一个氨基酸位置,其中根据Kabat或组合的Kabat-Chothia定义来定义CDR。
在一些实施方案中,改造包括取代重链可变区的第28和30位(根据Kabat编号)的一个或两个位置处的氨基酸。在一些实施方案中,改造包括取代至少两个不同的CDS中的至少一个氨基酸。在一些实施方案中,改造包括取代重链可变区的第27、28、30、71或78位(根据Kabat编号)处的至少一个氨基酸。
在一些实施方案中,改造包括将至少一个间隔子氨基酸序列引入工程化抗体的轻链可变区和重链可变区的一个或全部两个。
在上述方法的一些实施方案中,框架或CDR的一个或多个氨基酸在替换之前被取代。在一些实施方案中,框架或CDR的一个或多个氨基酸在替换之后被取代。
在一些实施方案中,受体抗体轻链可变区包含此处所述的轻链多肽的任一个的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,受体抗体重链可变区氨基酸序列包含此处所述的重链多肽的任一个的氨基酸序列。在上述方法的一些实施方案中,受体抗体轻链可变区氨基酸序列包含此处所述的轻链多肽的任一个的氨基酸序列,受体抗体重链可变区氨基酸序列包含此处所述的重链多肽的任一个的氨基酸序列。
在另一个方面,本公开的特征在于工程化抗体,其包含(i)轻链多肽和(ii)重链多肽,其中轻链多肽包含下列顺序的氨基酸序列区段:LFR1-LCDR1-LFR2-LCDR2-LFR3-LCDR3-LFR4。在一些实施方案中,LFR1包含SEQ ID NO:9所述的氨基酸序列,但是具有0-3个氨基酸取代;LFR2包含SEQ ID NO:10或SEQ ID NO:18所述的氨基酸序列,但是具有0-3个氨基酸取代;LFR3包含SEQ ID NO:11所述的氨基酸序列,但是具有0-3个氨基酸取代;以及LFR4包含SEQ ID NO:12所述的氨基酸序列,但是具有0-3个氨基酸取代;LCDR1包含供体抗体的轻链CDR1的氨基酸序列,LCDR2包含供体抗体的轻链CDR2的氨基酸序列,以及LCDR3包含供体抗体的轻链CDR3的氨基酸序列。轻链多肽不包含SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:8所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,重链多肽包含下列顺序的氨基酸序列区段:HFR1-HCDR1-HFR2-HCDR2-HFR3-HCDR3-HFR4,其中HFR1包含SEQ ID NO: 13、17或19所述的氨基酸序列,但是具有0-3个氨基酸取代;HFR2包含SEQ ID NO: 14所述的氨基酸序列,但是具有0-3个氨基酸取代;HFR3包含SEQ ID NO: 15所述的氨基酸序列,但是具有0-3个氨基酸取代;以及HFR4包含SEQ ID NO: 16所述的氨基酸序列,但是具有0-3个氨基酸取代;其中HCDR1包含来自供体抗体的重链CDR1的氨基酸序列,HCDR2包含来自供体抗体的重链CDR2的氨基酸序列,HCDR3包含来自供体抗体的重链CDR3的氨基酸序列。重链多肽不包含SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所述的氨基酸序列。与一种或多种供体抗体相比,工程化抗体在人中的免疫原性更低,工程化抗体结合与一种或多种供体抗体相同的抗原。
在一些实施方案中,符合以下中的一个或两个:(a)LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3来自单一的供体抗体,(b)HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3来自单一的供体抗体。在一些实施方案中,所有轻链CDR和重链CDR来自相同的供体抗体。
除非另有定义,此处所用的所有技术和科学术语和本公开所属领域普通技术人员通常理解的含义具有相同含义。在冲突的情况下,以本文件、包括定义为准。下面描述了优选的方法和材料,尽管与此处所述的那些相同或相等的方法或材料也可以用于本发明的方法和组合物的操作或测试中。此处提到的所有出版物、专利申请、专利和其它参考文献被完整地引入作为参考。
本公开的其它特征和优势,例如,用于产生在人中具有降低的免疫原性的治疗性抗体的方法从下列描述、实施例以及权利要求来看将是显而易见的。
附图说明
图1表示依库丽单抗(“Ecu”)的轻链可变区的氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:2)和I.23免疫球蛋白轻链可变区(“I.23”)的氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:8)的比对。三个互补决定区(CDR) – LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3(根据Kabat和Chothia)定义用括号表示。还标明轻链可变区框架区域。在比对的序列的上面标明关于依库丽单抗序列的氨基酸位置(通过Kabat编号定义)。
图2表示依库丽单抗(“Ecu”)的重链可变区的氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:5)和H20C3免疫球蛋白重链可变区(“H20C3”)的氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:7)的比对。三个互补决定区(CDR) – HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3(根据Kabat和Chothia定义)用括号表示。还标明重链可变区框架区域。在比对的序列的上面标明关于依库丽单抗序列的氨基酸位置(通过Kabat编号定义)。还具体标明了位置52a、82a、82b、82c、100a、100b、100c、100d和100e。
具体实施方式
本公开提供了工程化抗体,与该工程化抗体来源的各自的供体抗体的免疫原性相比,该工程化抗体在人中表现出更低的免疫原性。虽然绝不旨在限制,下面详细说明示例性的组合物以及用于它们的制备方法和用途。
工程化抗体
此处所用的“工程化抗体”是包含嫁接于受体抗体支架的可变区上的供体抗体的一个或更多??个(例如,两个、三个、四个、五个或六个)CDR,其中与人中供体抗体的免疫原性相比,该工程化抗体在人中免疫原性更低。工程化抗体的结构如下。
工程化抗体包含轻链多肽,该轻链多肽具有包含或组成为下列顺序的氨基酸区段:LFR1-LCDR1-LFR2-LCDR2-LFR3-LCDR3-LFR4的序列。LFR1对应轻链可变区的框架1(FR1)的氨基酸序列;LFR2对应轻链可变区的框架2(FR2)的氨基酸序列;LFR3对应轻链可变区的框架3(FR3)的氨基酸序列;以及LFR4对应轻链可变区的框架4(FR4)的氨基酸序列。LCDR1对应轻链可变区的互补决定区1(CDR1)的氨基酸序列;LCDR2对应轻链可变区的互补决定区2(CDR2)的氨基酸序列;LCDR3对应轻链可变区的互补决定区3(CDR3)的氨基酸序列。工程化抗体的LFR1、LFR2、LFR3和LFR4氨基酸序列中的一个或多个(例如,一个、两个、三个或所有四个)由受体抗体所提供。在一些实施方案中,仅仅LFR1、LFR2或LFR3由受体抗体提供。在一些实施方案中, LFR1和LFR2由受体抗体提供。在一些实施方案中, LFR2和LFR3由受体抗体提供。在一些实施方案中,LFR1和LFR3由受体抗体提供。在一些实施方案中, LFR4不是由受体抗体提供。LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3氨基酸序列中的一个或更多个由至少一种(例如,一种、两种或三种)供体抗体提供。例如,可以从单一的供体抗体获得轻链CDR,或者,在一些实施方案中,可以从两种或更多种不同的供体抗体(例如,结合相同的抗原但具有不同的轻链CDR序列的两种抗体)获得轻链CDR。在一些实施方案中,从受体抗体获得至少一个(例如,一个、两个或者甚至所有三个)LCDR。例如,工程化抗体可以具有来自供体抗体的LCDR3和来自受体抗体的LCDR1和LCDR2。在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体可以具有来自供体抗体的LCDR2和来自受体抗体的LCDR1和LCDR3。此处详细描述了合适的受体抗体和供体抗体。
已经根据不同的方法不同地定义了CDR和框架区的准确边界。在一些实施方案中,可以如Kabat等.[(1991) “Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest.”NIH Publication No. 91-3242, U.S.Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD]定义轻或重链可变结构域内的CDR或框架区的位置。在这种情况下,CDR可以被称为“Kabat CDR”(例如,“Kabat LCDR2”或“Kabat HCDR1”),框架区可以被称为“Kabat框架区”(例如,“Kabat LFR1”或“Kabat HFR3”)。在一些实施方案中,可以如Chothia等.(1989) Nature 342:877-883定义轻或重链可变区的CDR或框架区的位置。因此,这些区域可以分别被称为“Chothia CDR”(例如“Chothia LCDR2”或“Chothia HCDR3”)或“Chothia框架区域”(例如,“Chothia LFR1”或“Chothia LFR3”)。在一些实施方案中,可以由Kabat-Chothia组合的定义来定义轻和重链可变区的CDR或框架区的位置。在这种实施方案中,这些区域可以分别被称为“组合的Kabat-Chothia CDR”或“组合的Kabat-Chothia框架区”。Thomas等.[(1996) Mol Immunol 33(17/18):1389-1401]例举了根据Kabat和Chothia定义的CDR和框架区边界的鉴定。图1和2中也显示了用上述三种定义中的每一种鉴定CDR和框架。
在一些实施方案中,可以如Honnegger和Plückthun [(2001) J Mol Biol 309:657-670]定义具有轻或重链可变结构域的CDR和/或框架区的位置。
如此处所述以及工作实施例中所例举的,通过将鼠抗-C5抗体的LCDR嫁接到I.23 Ig κ轻链分子的框架区支架上而产生依库丽单抗的轻链可变区。依库丽单抗的轻链可变区的氨基酸序列如下:DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCGASENIYGALNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYGATNLADGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQNVLNTPLTFGQGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO:2)。I.23的轻链可变区的氨基酸序列如下:DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQSISNYLNWYQRKPGKAPKLLIYAASSLQSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQSYNTPWTFGQGTKVEIK (SEQ ID NO:8)。依库丽单抗的LFR2氨基酸序列与对应的I.23 LFR2的氨基酸序列不同在于一个氨基酸:第38位的谷氨酰胺代替了精氨酸。
不被任何具体理论或作用机制所束缚,据信来自依库丽单抗或I.23的轻链框架区序列(即,LFR1、LFR2、LFR3和/或LFR4)可用于制备工程化抗体,与供体抗体的免疫原性相比,该工程化抗体在人中表现出降低水平的免疫原性。因此,在一些实施方案中,LFR1、LFR2、LFR3和/或LFR4可以是源自依库丽单抗和/或I.23的对应的轻链框架区。由Kabat、Chothia或Kabat-Chothia定义的用于依库丽单抗和I.23轻链框架区的氨基酸序列如表1中所述。
因此,在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体的轻链多肽包含或组成为:包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:9所述的氨基酸序列的LFR1元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:10所述的氨基酸序列的LFR2元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:11所述的氨基酸序列的LFR3元件;以及包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:12所述的氨基酸序列的LFR4元件。
在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体的轻链多肽包含或组成为:包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:9所述的氨基酸序列的LFR1元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:18所述的氨基酸序列的LFR2元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:11所述的氨基酸序列的LFR3元件;以及包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:12所述的氨基酸序列的LFR4元件。
在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体的轻链多肽包含或组成为:包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:20所述的氨基酸序列的LFR1元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:21所述的氨基酸序列的LFR2元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:22所述的氨基酸序列的LFR3元件;以及包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:23所述的氨基酸序列的LFR4元件。
在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体的轻链多肽包含或组成为:包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:24所述的氨基酸序列的LFR1元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:25所述的氨基酸序列的LFR2元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:26所述的氨基酸序列的LFR3元件;以及包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:23所述的氨基酸序列的LFR4元件。
在一些实施方案中,轻链多肽不包含SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:8所述的氨基酸序列或不由该序列组成。
轻链多肽可以包括恒定区。例如,轻链恒定区可以是λ轻链多肽恒定区或κ轻链恒定区。用于许多人λ 和 κ轻链恒定区的氨基酸序列是本领域已知的,在,例如,Kabat等.(1991);同上)中描述。工程化抗体的轻链多肽可以包含具有如下氨基酸序列的轻链恒定区:RTVAAPSVFIFPPSDEQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYPREAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLSSTLTLSKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNRGEC (SEQ ID NO:3)。SEQ ID NO:3是依库丽单抗的轻链的恒定区。
此处所述的工程化抗体还包含重链多肽,该重链多肽具有包含或组成为下列顺序的氨基酸序列区段:HFR1-HCDR1-HFR2-HCDR2-HFR3-HCDR3-HFR4的氨基酸序列。HFR1对应重链可变区的框架1(FR1)的氨基酸序列;HFR2对应重链可变区的框架2(FR2)的氨基酸序列;HFR3对应重链可变区的框架3(FR3)的氨基酸序列;以及HFR4对应重链可变区的框架4(FR4)的氨基酸序列。HCDR1对应重链可变区的互补决定区1(CDR1)的氨基酸序列;HCDR2对应重链可变区的互补决定区2(CDR2)的氨基酸序列;以及HCDR3对应重链可变区的互补决定区3(CDR3)的氨基酸序列。HFR1、HFR2、HFR3和HFR4氨基酸序列由受体抗体提供,而HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3氨基酸序列由至少一种(例如,一种、两种或三种)供体抗体提供。例如,可以从单一的供体抗体获得重链CDR,或者,在一些实施方案中,可以从两种或更多种不同的供体抗体(例如,结合相同的抗原但具有不同的重链CDR序列的两种抗体)获得CDR。在一些实施方案中,从受体抗体保留(或提供)至少一个HCDR。例如,HCDR3可以来自供体抗体(例如,其中已经确定HCDR3为供体抗体贡献对于供体抗体结合的抗原的最大结合能),HCDR1和HCDR2可以从受体抗体保留。在一些实施方案中,HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3各自从单一的供体抗体提供。此处详细描述了合适的受体抗体和供体抗体。
如此处所述以及实施例中所例举的,通过将鼠抗-C5抗体的HCDR嫁接到H20C3 Ig分子的重链框架区支架上而产生依库丽单抗的重链可变区。依库丽单抗的重链可变区的氨基酸序列如下:QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYIFSNYWIQWVRQAPGQGLEWMGEILPGSGSTEYTENFKDRVTMTRDTSTSTVYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARYFFGSSPNWYFDVWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:5)。H20C3的重链可变区的氨基酸序列如下:QVQLVQSGAEVKKPGASVKVSCKASGYTFTSYYIHWVRQAPGQGLEWMGIINPSGGSTNYAQKFQGRVTMTRDTSTSTVYMELSSLRSEDTAVYYCARAPHQRTRIAARPGEGDSWGQGTLVTVSS (SEQ ID NO:7)。如Kabat所定义的,依库丽单抗 的HFR1的氨基酸序列与H20C3的HFR1的对应的氨基酸序列的不同在于两个氨基酸。具体而言,在依库丽单抗 Kabat FR1序列中,H20C3 VH区(Kabat FR1)的第28位的苏氨酸和第30位的苏氨酸分别为异亮氨酸和丝氨酸。根据Kabat定义,在依库丽单抗和H20C3之间的剩余的框架区(HFR2、HFR3和HFR4)是相同的。根据组合的Kabat-Chothia定义,对于任何框架区,依库丽单抗的氨基酸序列和H20C3的氨基酸序列之间没有差别。(见图2)。
不被任何具体理论或作用机制所束缚,据信来自依库丽单抗或H20C3的重链框架区序列可用于制备工程化抗体,与供体抗体的免疫原性的水平相比,该工程化抗体在人中表现出降低水平的免疫原性。因此,在一些实施方案中,HFR1、HFR2、HFR3和/或HFR4可以是源自依库丽单抗和/或H20C3的对应的重链框架区。由Kabat、Chothia或Kabat-Chothia定义的用于依库丽单抗和H20C3重链框架区的氨基酸序列如表2中所述。
因此,在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体的HFR1可以包含或者是,例如,SEQ ID NO: 13、17或19所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体的HFR2可以包含或者是,例如,SEQ ID NO: 14所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体的HFR3可以包含或者是,例如,SEQ ID NO: 15所述的氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体的HFR4可以包含或者是,例如,SEQ ID NO: 16所述的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体的重链多肽包含或组成为:包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:13所述的氨基酸序列的HFR1元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:14所述的氨基酸序列的HFR2元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:15所述的氨基酸序列的HFR3元件;以及包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:16所述的氨基酸序列的HFR4元件。
在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体的重链多肽包含或组成为:包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:19所述的氨基酸序列的HFR1元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:14所述的氨基酸序列的HFR2元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:15所述的氨基酸序列的HFR3元件;以及包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:16所述的氨基酸序列的HFR4元件。
在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体的重链多肽包含或组成为:包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:17所述的氨基酸序列的HFR1元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:14所述的氨基酸序列的HFR2元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:15所述的氨基酸序列的HFR3元件;以及包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:16所述的氨基酸序列的HFR4元件。
在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体的重链多肽包含或组成为:包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:17所述的氨基酸序列的HFR1元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:27所述的氨基酸序列的HFR2元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:28所述的氨基酸序列的HFR3元件;以及包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:29所述的氨基酸序列的HFR4元件。
在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体的重链多肽包含或组成为:包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:17所述的氨基酸序列的HFR1元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:30所述的氨基酸序列的HFR2元件;包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:31所述的氨基酸序列的HFR3元件;以及包含或组成为SEQ ID NO:32所述的氨基酸序列的HFR4元件。
在一些实施方案中,重链多肽不包含SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所述的氨基酸序列或不由该序列组成。
重链多肽可以包括恒定区(例如,重链恒定区(CH1)、重链恒定区2(CH2)、重链恒定区3(CH3)、重链恒定区4(CH4)或任何前述的组合)。重链多肽可以包含免疫球蛋白分子的Fc部分。Fc区域可以是,例如,来自IgGl、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgA、IgM、IgE或IgD免疫球蛋白分子的Fc区域或者是这些中的每一个的部分的组合。用于许多人重链恒定区的氨基酸序列是本领域已知的,并描述在,例如,Kabat等(1991)中,同上。
在一些实施方案中,重链多肽可以包含杂合恒定区或其部分,如G2/G4杂合恒定区(见例如,Burton等.(1992) Adv Immun.51:1-18; Canfield等.(1991) J Exp Med 173:1483-1491;和Mueller等.(1997) Mol.Immunol.34(6):441-452)。例如(以及根据Kabat编号),IgG1和IgG4恒定区包括G249G250残基,而IgG2恒定区不包括残基249,但包括G250。在G2/G4杂合恒定区中,其中249-250区域来自G2序列,恒定区可以被进一步修饰以便在第249位引入甘氨酸残基以产生具有G249/G250的G2/G4融合体。包含G249/G250的其它恒定结构域杂合体也可以是本公开的工程化抗体的部分。
在一些实施方案中,重链多肽包含恒定区,该恒定区包含或组成为下列氨基酸序列:ASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSNFGTQTYTCNVDHKPSNTKVDKTVERKCCVECPPCPAPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSQEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPSSIEKTISKAKGQPREPQVYTLPPSQEEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSRLTVDKSRWQEGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSLGK(SEQ ID NO:6)。SEQ ID NO:6描述了依库丽单抗的重链恒定区的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,此处所述的工程化抗体包含轻链框架区和重链框架区的具体示例性配对。例如,此处所述的工程化抗体可以包含含有源自依库丽单抗的“Kabat”轻链框架区的轻链多肽和含有源自依库丽单抗的“Kabat”重链框架区的重链多肽。在另一个例子中,此处所述的工程化抗体可以包含含有源自I.23轻链的“Kabat-Chothia”轻链框架区的轻链多肽和含有源自H20C3重链的“Kabat-Chothia”重链框架区的重链多肽。在另一个例子中,此处所述的工程化抗体可以包含含有源自I.23轻链的“Kabat”轻链框架区的轻链多肽和含有源自依库丽单抗的“Kabat”重链框架区的重链多肽。用于工程化抗体的制备中的轻链和重链框架区的示例性配对如表3中所述,该区域根据Kabat或Kabat-Chothia组合的定义来定义。
表3. 示例性重链和轻链框架区配对。
*表3中所述的“SEQ ID”是指“SEQ ID NO”。
用于工程化抗体的制备中的轻链和重链框架区的示例性配对如表4中所述,该区域根据Chothia定义。
表4. 示例性重链和轻链框架区配对,该区域由Chothia方法定义(部分I)。
用于工程化抗体的制备中的轻链和重链框架区的额外的示例性配对如表5中所述,该区域根据Chothia定义。
表5. 示例性重链和轻链框架区配对,该区域由Chothia方法定义(部分II)。
Ecu*是指根据Chothia定义的依库丽单抗重链多肽的FR1氨基酸序列,或者是根据Chothia定义的H20C3重链多肽的FR1氨基酸序列,其中FR1区域彼此相同。
Ecu*是指根据Chothia定义的依库丽单抗轻链多肽的FR4氨基酸序列,或者是根据Chothia定义的I.23轻链多肽的FR4氨基酸序列,其中FR4区域彼此相同。
在一些实施方案中,可以改变工程化抗体的上述框架区的一个或多个(例如,一个、两个、三个、四个、五个、六个、七个或所有八个)以便包含一个或多??个(例如,二个、三个、四个、五个、六个、七个、八个、九个或10个或更多个)氨基酸取代。包含这些一个或多个取代的工程化抗体有时被称为“变体工程化抗体”。可以引入这种取代,如果,例如,该工程化抗体结合被供体抗体以一定亲和力识别的抗体,该亲和力与供体抗体对于该抗原的结合力相比更低。在一些实施方案中,变体工程化抗体的框架区中的一个或多个包含少于10个(例如,少于九个、八个、七个、六个、五个、四个、三个、二个或一个)取代。在一些实施方案中,仅仅一个框架区包含氨基酸取代。在一些实施方案中,超过一个框架区包含氨基酸取代。所有需要的是,获得的工程化抗体,当施用于人时,在人中比对应的供体抗体免疫原性更低。在一些实施方案中,上述框架区氨基酸序列没有被取代。
氨基酸取代可以是保守取代或非保守取代。保守取代通常包括在下列组内的取代:甘氨酸和丙氨酸;缬氨酸、异亮氨酸和亮氨酸;天冬氨酸和谷氨酸;天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、丝氨酸和苏氨酸;赖氨酸、组氨酸和精氨酸;以及苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸。
轻链和重链多肽的氨基酸序列可以包括在各个区段之间(例如,工程化抗体的供体CDR和受体框架区之间)作为“间隔子”插入的一个或多个(例如,一个、二个、三个、四个、五个、六个、七个、八个、九个或10个或更多个)氨基酸。间隔子序列的插入可以对于,例如恢复可能在CDR嫁接过程期间已经丢失的抗原结合亲和力是有用的(见下文)。见,例如,Maynard和Georgiou (2001) Ann Rev Biomed Engineering 2:339-376。例如,可以在LFR1和LCDR1之间插入间隔子氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,在LCDR1和LFR2之间插入间隔子氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,在LFR2和LCDR2之间插入间隔子氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,在LCDR2和LFR3之间插入间隔子氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,在LFR3和LCDR3之间插入间隔子氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,在LCDR3和LFR4之间插入间隔子氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,在HFR1和HCDR1之间插入间隔子氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,在HCDR1和HFR2之间插入间隔子氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,在HFR2和HCDR2之间插入间隔子氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,在HCDR2和HFR3之间插入间隔子氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,在HFR3和HCDR3之间插入间隔子氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,在HCDR3和HFR4之间插入间隔子氨基酸序列。在一些实施方案中,在轻链多肽的所有区段和/或重链多肽的所有区段之间插入间隔子序列。在一些实施方案中,在轻链或重链可变区的任何组分元件之间不引入任何间隔子。包含一个或多个间隔子序列的工程化抗体的所有需要的是,该抗体:(a)保留与供体抗体相同的抗原结合的能力,以及(b)与供体抗体在人中的免疫原性相比,在人中免疫原性更低。
此处所用的术语“抗体”是指整个或完整的抗体分子(例如,IgM、IgG(包括IgG1、IgG2、IgG3和IgG4)、IgA、IgD或IgE)或其任何抗原结合片段。术语抗体包括,例如,嵌合化的或嵌合的抗体、人源化的抗体、去免疫化的抗体和完全人抗体。抗体的抗原结合片段包括,例如,单链抗体、单链Fv片段(scFv)、Fd片段、Fab片段、Fab'片段,或F(ab’)2片段。scFv片段是包括scFv衍生而来的抗体的重链和轻链可变区的单多肽链。此外,胞内抗体(intrabodies)、小分子抗体(minibodies)、三抗体(triabodies)和双抗体(diabodies)(见,例如,Todorovska等.(2001) J Immunol Methods 248(1):47-66; Hudson和Kortt (1999) J Immunol Methods 231(1):177-189; Poljak (1994) Structure 2(12):1121-1123; Rondon和Marasco (1997) Annual Review of Microbiology 51:257-283,其中每份公开在此处被完整地引入作为参考)也被包含在抗体的定义中,并且对于此处所述的方法中的用途是相容的。术语“抗体”也包括双特异性抗体。双特异性抗体是对于至少两种不同的抗原有结合特异性的单克隆的,优选人的或人源化的,抗体。
本公开还包括双特异性抗体的变体形式,如Wu等.(2007) Nat Biotechnol 25(11):1290-1297中所述的四价双重变异结构域免疫球蛋白(DVD-Ig)分子。设计DVD-Ig分子以便通过重组DNA技术将来自两种不同亲本抗体的两个不同的轻链可变结构域(VL)以直接串联或者通过短连接子连接,随后是轻链恒定结构域。在,例如,PCT公开号WO 08/024188和WO 07/024715中进一步描述用于从两个亲本抗体产生DVD-Ig分子的方法,其中每份公开在此处被完整地引入作为参考。
此处所用的“供体抗体”是使用者希望用此处所述的方法用于获得抗体的变体(工程化抗体)的抗体,所述抗体的变体:(i)与供体抗体结合相同的抗原;(ii)与供体抗体相比,具有一种或多种(例如,一种、两种、三种、四种、五种、六种或七种或更种)改进的特性-尤其是与供体抗体的免疫原性相比,在人中的免疫原性的水平降低。供体抗体可以源自或由任何以下各种物种制造,例如,哺乳类如非人灵长类(例如,猴、狒狒、猕猴、狐猴、猿、猩猩、大猩猩或黑猩猩)、马、牛、猪、绵羊、山羊、狗、猫、兔、豚鼠、沙鼠、仓鼠、大鼠和小鼠。在一些情况下,供体抗体可以是人源化的或完全的人抗体,当施用于人时,该抗体在人中引起中和性HAHA反应。人源化的抗体可以是包含一个或多个非人种系框架区的改变的抗体。完全的人抗体可以是包含一个或多个非种系人框架区的抗体。例如,人供体抗体可以包含一个或多个经受体细胞超突变(somatic hypermutation)的框架区,并因此本身不再是生殖细胞。(见, 例如, Abbas, Lichtman和Pober (2000) “Cellular and Molecular Immunology,” 4th Edition, W.B. Saunders Company (ISBN:0721682332))。在一些实施方式中,供体抗体不是人源化的或完全的人抗体。
工程化抗体可以源自与抗原特异性结合的任何供体抗体,这种供体抗体与其抗原的结合导致或预期导致在人中的治疗作用。例如,供体抗体可以结合微生物病原体(例如,病毒、细菌、原生动物或寄生虫)蛋白,如,例如,破伤风毒素;白喉毒素;或多种病毒表面蛋白中的任一(例如,巨细胞病毒(CMV)糖蛋白B 、H和gCIII;人类免疫缺陷病毒1(HIV-I)包膜糖蛋白;Rous肉瘤病毒(RSV)包膜糖蛋白;单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)包膜糖蛋白; Epstein Barr病毒(EBV)包膜糖蛋白;水痘带状疱疹病毒(VZV)包膜糖蛋白;人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)包膜糖蛋白;流感病毒糖蛋白;和肝炎病毒家族表面抗原)。预计从这种供体抗体产生的工程化抗体可用于在人中治疗微生物感染。在一些实施方案中,抗体可以结合感染性蛋白,如,但不限于,蛋白酶抗性蛋白(PrPSc)。在一些实施方案中,供体抗体可以结合生长因子、细胞因子或趋化因子。生长因子可以包括,例如,血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)、骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)、粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)、粒细胞 - 巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM -CSF)、神经生长因子(NGF);神经营养蛋白、血小板衍生的生长因子(PDGF)、促红细胞生成素(EPO)、血小板生成素(TPO)、肌生成抑制蛋白(GDF-8)、生长分化因子-9(GDF9)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF或FGF2)、表皮生长因子(EGF)、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)和神经调节因子(例如、NRG1、NRG2、NRG3或NRG4)。细胞因子包括,例如,干扰素(例如,IFNγ)、肿瘤坏死因子(例如,TNFα或TNFβ)和白介素(例如,IL-1至IL-33(例如,IL-1、IL-2、IL-3、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-7、IL-8、IL-9、IL-10、IL-12、IL-13或IL-15))。趋化因子包括,例如,I-309、TCA-3、MCP-I、MIP-1α、MIP-1β、RANTES、Cl0、MRP-2、MARC、MCP-3、MCP-2、MRP-2、CCF18、嗜酸细胞活化趋化因子、MCP-5、MCP-4、NCC-I、HCC-I、leukotactin-1、LEC、NCC-4、CCL21、TARC、PARC或嗜酸细胞活化趋化因子-2。在一些实施方案中,供体抗体可以结合补体组分蛋白如C1、C1q、C1r、C1s、C4、C4a、C4b、C3、C3a、C3b、C2、C2a、C2b、C5、C5a、C5b 、C6、C7、C8、C9、备解素、补体因子B、补体因子D、MBL、MASP1、MASP2或MASP3。在一些实施方案中,供体抗体结合抗体的Fc部分如,例如,IgM、IgG(包括IgG1、IgG2、IgG3和IgG4)、IgA、IgD或IgE的Fc部分。供体抗体可以结合细胞表面蛋白。细胞表面蛋白包括,例如,G蛋白偶联的受体(GPCR)、趋化因子受体、细胞因子受体或受体酪氨酸激酶(RTK)。趋化因子受体可以是,例如,CCR1、CCR2、CCR3、CCR4、CCR5、CCR6、CCR7、CCR8、CXCR1、CXCR2、CXCR3、CXCR4或CCX-CKR2。细胞因子受体包括,例如,IL-1R、IL-2R、IL-3R、IL-4R、IL-5R、IL-6R、IL-8R、TNFβR1、TNFβR2、c-kit受体、干扰素(IFNα 或 IFNβ)受体、IFNγ受体、粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子受体(GM-CSF)、粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)受体和催乳素受体。RTKs包括,例如,EGF受体、胰岛素受体、PDGF受体、FGF受体、VEGF受体和HGF受体。在一些实施方式中,供体抗体结合HER2/neu/ErbB2、HER3或HER4。
在一些实施方案中,供体抗体结合癌抗原(例如,癌抗原的突变形式),如,但不限于,MART-1/Melan-A、gpl00、腺苷脱氨酶-结合蛋白(ADAbp)、 FAP、亲环素B、结肠直肠相关抗原(CRC)C017-lA/GA733、癌胚抗原(CEA)、CAP-I、CAP-2、etv6、AMLI、前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)、PSA-1、PSA-2、 PSA-3、前列腺特异性膜抗原(PSMA)、T细胞受体/CD3-θ链、CD20、MAGE-A1、MAGE-A2、MAGE-A3、MAGE-A4、MAGE-A5、MAGE-A6、MAGE-A7、MAGE-A8、MAGE-A9、 MAGE-A10、MAGE-A11、MAGE-A12、MAGE-Xp2(MAGE-B2)、MAGE-Xp3(MAGE B3)、MAGE-Xp4(MAGE-B4)、MAGE--C1、MAGE-C2、MAGE-C3、MAGE-C4、MAGE-C5、GAGE-1、GAGE-2、GAGE-3、GAGE-4、GAGE-5、GAGE-6、GAGE-7、GAGE-8和GAGE-9。
在一些实施方案中,供体抗体可以结合选自如下的人蛋白:ABCFl; ACVRl; ACVRlB; ACVR2; ACVR2B; ACVRLl; ADORA2A; Aggrecan; AGR2; AICDA; AIF1; AIGl; AKAPl; AKAP2; AMH; AMHR2; ANGPTl; ANGPT2; ANGPTL3; ANGPTL4; ANPEP; APC; APOCl; AR; AZGPl (锌-α-糖蛋白); B7.1; B7.2; BAD; BAFF; BAGl; BAIl; BCL2; BCL6; BDNF; BLNK; BLRl (MDR15); BIyS; 骨形态发生蛋白(BMP) l; BMP2; BMP3B (GDFl0); BMP4; BMP6; BMP8; BMPRlA; BMPRlB; BMPR2; BPAGl (网蛋白); BRCAl; BRCA2; C19orfl0 (IL27w); 补体组分C3; 补体组分C3a; 补体组分C3b; 补体组分C4a; 补体组分C4b; 补体组分C5; 补体组分C5a; 补体组分C5b; 补体组分C6; 补体组分C7; 补体组分C8; 补体组分C9;补体因子D; 补体因子B; C5aR1; CANTl; CASPl; CASP4; CAVl; CCBP2 (D6/JAB61); CCLl (1-309); CCL11 (嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子); CCL13 (MCP-4); CCL15 (MIP-1d); CCL16 (HCC-4); CCL17 (TARC); CCL18 (PARC); CCL19 (MIP-3b); CCL2 (MCP-1); MCAF; CCL20 (MIP-3a); CCL21 (MEP-2); SLC; exodus-2; CCL22 (MDC/STC-I); CCL23 (MPIF-1); CCL24 (MPIF-2/嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子-2); CCL25 (TECK); CCL26 (嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子-3); CCL27 (CTACK/ILC); CCL28; CCL3 (MIP-1a); CCL4 (MIP-1b); CCL5 (RANTES); CCL7 (MCP-3); CCL8 (mcp-2); CCNAl; CCNA2; CCNDl; CCNEl; CCNE2; CCRl (CKRl/HM145); CCR2 (mcp-lRB); CCR3 (CKR3/CMKBR3); CCR4; CCR5 (CMKBR5/ChemR13); CCR6 (CMKBR6/CKR-L3/STRL22/DRY6); CCR7 (CKR7/EB11); CCR8 (CMKBR8/TER1/CKR-Ll); CCR9 (GPR-9-6); CCRLl (VSHKl); CCRL2 (L-CCR); CD164; CD19; CDlC; CD20; CD200(OX-2); CD200R; CD-22; CD24; CD28; CD3; CD37; CD38; CD3E; CD3G; CD3Z; CD4; CD40; CD40L; CD44; CD45RB; CD52; CD69; CD72; CD74; CD79A; CD79B; CD8; CD80; CD81; CD83; CD86; CDHl (E-钙粘蛋白); CDHl0; CDH12; CDH13; CDH18; CDH19; CDH20; CDH5; CDH7; CDH8; CDH9; CDK2; CDK3; CDK4; CDK5; CDK6; CDK7; CDK9; CDKNlA (p21Wapl/Cipl); CDKNlB (p27Kipl); CDKNlC; CDKN2A (pl6INK4a); CDKN2B; CDKN2C; CDKN3; CEBPB; CERl; CHGA; CHGB; 几丁质酶; CHSTl0; CKLFSF2; CKLFSF3; CKLFSF4; CKLFSF5; CKLFSF6; CKLFSF7; CKLFSF8; CLDN3; CLDN7 (claudin-7); CLN3; CLU (簇集蛋白); CMKLRl; CMKORl (RDCl); CNRl; COL18A1; COLlAl; COL4A3; COL6A1; CR2; CRP; CSFl (M-CSF); CSF2 (GM-CSF); CSF3 (GCSF); CTLA4; CTNNBl (β-联蛋白); CTSB (组织蛋白酶B); CX3CL1 (SCYDl); CX3CR1 (V28); CXCLl (GROl); CXCLl0; CXCL1l (I-TAC/IP-9); CXCL12 (SDFl); CXCL13; CXCL14; CXCL16; CXCL2 (GRO2); CXCL3 (GRO3); CXCL5 (ENA-78/LIX); CXCL6 (GCP-2); CXCL9 (MIG); CXCR3 (GPR9/CKR-L2); CXCR4; CXCR6 (TYMSTR /STRL33/Bonzo); CYB5; CYCl; CYSLTRl; DAB2IP; DES; DKFZp451J0118; DNCLl; DPP4; DR6; E2F1; ECGFl; EDGl; EFNAl; EFNA3; EFNB2; EGF; EGFR; ELAC2; endocan; ENG; ENOl; ENO2; ENO3; EPHB4; EPG; EPO; ERBB2 (Her-2); EREG; ERK8; ESRl; ESR2; F3 (TF); FADD; FasL; FASN; fFCERlA; FCER2; FCGR3A; FGF; FGFl (aFGF); FGFl0; FGFl1; FGF12; FGF12B; FGF13; FGF14; FGF16; FGF17; FGF18; FGF19; FGF2 (bFGF); FGF20; FGF21; FGF22; FGF23; FGF3 (int-2); FGF4 (HST); FGF5; FGF6 (HST-2); FGF7 (KGF); FGF8; FGF9; FGFR3; FIGF (VEGFD); FILl (EPSILON); FILl (ZETA); FLJ12584; FLJ25530; FLRTl (纤连蛋白); FLTl; FOS; FOSLl (FRA-I); FY (DARC); GABRP (GABAa); GAGEBl; GAGECl; GALNAC4S-6ST; GATA3; GDF5; GFIl; GGTl; GM-CSF; GNASl; GNRHl; GPR2 (CCRl0); GPR31; GPR44; GPR81 (FKSG80); GRCCl0 (Cl0); GRP; GSN (凝溶胶蛋白); GSTPl; HAVCR1; HAVCR2; HDAC4; HDAC5; HDAC7A; HDAC9; HGF; HIFlA; HIPl; 组胺与组胺受体; HLA-A; HLA-DRA; HM74; HMOXl; HUMCYT2A; ICEBERG; ICOSL; ID2; IFN-α; IFNAl; IFNA2; IFNA4; IFNA5; IFNA6; IFNA7; IFNBl; IFNγ; IFNWl; IGBPl; IGFl; IGFlR; IGF2; IGFBP2; IGFBP3; IGFBP6; IL-1; IL-l0; IL-10RA; IL-10RB; IL1l; IL11RA; IL-12; IL12A; IL12B; IL12RB1; IL12RB2; DL13; IL13RA1; IL13RA2; IL14; IL15; IL15RA; IL16; IL17; IL17B; IL17C; IL17R; IL18; IL18BP; IL18R1; IL18RAP; IL19; IL1A; ILlB; IL1F10; IL1F5; IL1F6; IL1F7; IL1F8; IL1F9; ILlHYl; ILlRl; IL1R2; ILlRAP; ILlRAPLl; IL1RAPL2; IL1RL1; IL1RL2; ILlRN; IL2; IL20; IL20RA; IL21R; IL22; IL22R; IL22RA2; IL23; IL24; IL25; IL26; IL27; IL28A; IL28B; IL29; IL2RA; IL2RB; IL2RG; IL3; IL30; IL3RA; IL4; IL4R; IL5; IL5RA; IL6; IL6R; IL6ST (糖蛋白130); IL7; IL7R; IL8; IL8RA; IL8RB; IL8RB; IL9; IL9R; ILK; INHA; INHBA; INSL3; INSL4; IRAKI; IRAK2; ITGAl; ITGA2; ITGA3; ITGA6 (α6整合素); ITGAV; ITGB3; ITGB4 (β4整合素); JAGl; JAKl; JAK3; JUN; K6HF; KAIl; KDR; KITLG; KLF5 (GC Box BP); KLF6; KLKl0; KLK12; KLK13; KLK14; KLK15; KLK3; KLK4; KLK5; KLK6; KLK9; KRTl; KRT19 (角蛋白19); KRT2A; KRTHB6 (发-特异性II型角蛋白); LAMA5; LEP (瘦素); Lingo-p75; Lingo-Troy; LPS; LTA (TNF-β); LTB; LTB4R (GPR16); LTB4R2; LTBR; MACMARCKS; MAG or Omgp; MAP2K7 (c-Jun); MDK; MIBl; 中期因子; MIF; MIP-2; MKI67 (Ki-67); MMP2; MMP9; MS4A1; MSMB; MT3 (金属硫粘连蛋白(metallothionectin)-III); MTSSl; MUCl (黏蛋白); MYC; MYD88; NCK2; 神经聚糖; NFKBl; NFKB2; NGFB (NGF); NGFR; NgR-Lingo; NgR-Nogo66 (Nogo); NgR-p75; NgR-Troy; NMEl (NM23A); NOX5; NPPB; NR0Bl; NR0B2; NRlDl; NR1D2; NR1H2; NR1H3; NR1H4; NR1I2; NR1I3; NR2C1; NR2C2; NR2E1; NR2E3; NR2F1; NR2F2; NR2F6; NR3C1; NR3C2; NR4A1; NR4A2; NR4A3; NR5A1; NR5A2; NR6A1; NRPl; NRP2; NT5E; NTN4; ODZl; OPRDl; P2RX7; PAP; PARTl; PATE; PAWR; PCA3; PCNA; PDGFA; PDGFB; PECAMl; PF4 (CXCL4); PGF; PGR; 磷酸聚糖(phosphacan); PIAS2; PIK3CG; PLAU (uPA); PLG; PLXDCl; PPBP (CXCL7); PPID; PRl; PRKCQ; PRKDl; PRL; PROC; PROK2; 备解素; PSAP; PSCA; PTAFR; PTEN; PTGS2 (COX-2); PTN; RAC2 (P21Rac2); RARB; RGSl; RGS13; RGS3; RNF110 (ZNF144); ROBO2; S100A2; SCGB1D2 (亲脂素B); SCGB2A1 (乳腺球蛋白(mammaglobin) 2); SCGB2A2 (乳腺球蛋白(mammaglobin)1); SCYEl (内皮单核细胞活化因子); SDF2; SERPINA1; SERPINA3; SERPINB5 (乳腺丝抑蛋白); SERPINEl (PAI-1); SERPINFl; SHBG; SfcAZ; SLA2; SLC2A2; SLC33A1; SLC43A1; SLIT2; SPPl; SPRRlB (Sprl); ST6GAL1; STABl; STAT6; STEAP; STEAP2; TB4R2; TBX21; TCPl0; TDGFl; TEK; TGFA; TGFBl; TGFBlIl; TGFB2; TGFB3; TGFBI; TGFBRl; TGFBR2; TGFBR3; THlL; THBSl (血小板反应蛋白-1); THBS2; THBS4; THPO; TIE (Tie-1); TIMP3; 组织因子; TLRl0; TLR2; TLR3; TLR4; TLR5; TLR6; TLR7; TLR8; TLR9; TNF; TNF-α; TNFAIP2 (B94); TNFAIP3; TNFRSF1lA; TNFRSFlA; TNFRSFlB; TNFRSF21; TNFRSF5; TNFRSF6 (Fas); TNFRSF7; TNFRSF8; TNFRSF9; TNFSFl0 (TRAIL); TNFSF11 (TRANCE); TNFSF12 (APO3L); TNFSF13 (April); TNFSF13B; TNFSF14 (HVEM-L); TNFSF15 (VEGI); TNFSF18; TNFSF4 (OX40配体); TNFSF5 (CD40配体); TNFSF6 (FasL); TNFSF7 (CD27配体); TNFSF8 (CD30配体); TNFSF9 (4-1BB配体); TOLLIP; a Toll样受体; TOP2A (拓扑异构酶IIa); p53; TPMl; TPM2; TRADD; TRAFl; TRAF2; TRAF3; TRAF4; TRAF5; TRAF6; TREMl; TREM2; TRPC6; TSLP; TWEAK; VEGF; VEGFB; VEGFC;多功能蛋白聚糖; VHL C5; VLA-4; XCLl (淋巴细胞趋化因子(lymphotactin)); XCL2; XCRl (GPR5/CCXCRl); YYl;和ZFPM2。
合适的供体抗体还包括被批准用于临床试验中或者在开发中用于临床用途的各种治疗性抗体。这种抗体包括,例如,利妥昔单抗(Rituxan?,IDEC/Genentech/Roche),批准用于治疗非霍奇金淋巴瘤的嵌合的抗-CD20抗体;HuMax-CD20,目前由Genmab正在开发的抗-CD20;AME-133 (Applied Molecular Evolution); hA20 (Immunomedics公司); HumaLYM (Intracel); PRO70769(国际专利申请号PCT/US2003/040426);曲妥珠单抗(Herceptin?, Genentech),批准用于治疗乳腺癌的人源化的抗-Her2/neu抗体;目前由Genentech正在开发的帕妥珠单抗(rhuMab-2C??4,Omnitarg?);西妥昔单抗(Erbitux?, Imclone); 目前由Abgenix-Immunex-Amgen正在开发的ABX-EGF;目前由Genmab正在开发的 HuMax-EGFr;425、EMD55900、EMD62000和EMD72000 (Merck KGaA) (见美国专利号5,558,864; Murthy等.(1987) Arch Biochem Biophys 252(2):549-60; Rodeck等.(1987) J Cell Biochem 35(4):315-20;和Kettleborough等.(1991) Protein Eng 4(7):773-83); ICR62 (Institute of Cancer Research) (国际公开号WO 95/20045; Modjtahedi等.(1993) J Cell Biophys 22(1-3):129-46; Modjtahedi等.(1993) Br J Cancer 67(2):247-53; Modjtahedi等.(1996) Br J Cancer 73(2):228-35; Modjtahedi等.(2003) Int J Cancer 105(2):273-80);TheraCIM hR3 (YM Biosciences, Canada和Centro de Immunologia Molecular, Cuba (美国专利号5,891,996;美国专利号6,506,883; Mateo等.(1997) Immunotechnology 3(1):71-81)); mAb-806 (Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering) (Jungbluth等.(2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100(2):639-44); KSB-102 (KS Biomedix); MRl-I (IVAX, National Cancer Institute) (PCT WO 0162931A2); 阿仑单抗(Campath?, Millenium),目前被批准用于治疗B细胞慢性淋巴细胞白血病的人源化单克隆抗体;莫罗单抗-CD3(Orthoclone OKT3?),由Ortho Biotech/Johnson & Johnson开发的抗-CD3抗体;替伊莫单抗(ibritumomab)tiuxetan(Zevalin?),由IDEC/Schering AG开发的抗-CD20抗体;吉妥单抗奥唑米星(Mylotarg?),由Celltech/Wyeth开发的抗-CD33抗体(p67蛋白);alefacept (Amevive?),由Biogen开发的抗-LFA-3 Fc融合蛋白;由Centocor/Lilly开发的阿昔单抗(ReoPro?);由Novartis开发的巴利昔单抗(Simulect?);由Medimmune开发的帕利珠单抗(Synagis?);英夫利昔单抗??(Remicade?),由Centocor开发的抗-TNFα抗体;阿达木单抗(Humira?),由Abbott开发的抗-TNFα抗体;Humicade?,由Celltec开发的抗-TNFα抗体;戈利木单抗(CNTO-148),由Centocor开发的完全人源抗-TNF抗体;由Abgenix正在开发的抗-CD147抗体;ABX-IL8,由Abgenix正在开发的抗-IL8抗体;ABX-MAl,由Abgenix正在开发的抗-MUC18抗体;pemtumomab (Rl 549, 90Y-muHMFGl),由Antisoma开发中的抗-MUCl;Therex (R155O),由Antisoma开发的抗-MUCl抗体;由Antisoma正在开发的AngioMab (AS1405);由Antisoma正在开发的HuBC-I;由Antisoma正在开发的Thioplatin (AS 1407);由Biogen Idec和Elan正在开发的ANTEGREN?(那他珠单抗);CAT-152,由Cambridge Antibody Technology正在开发的抗-TGF-β2抗体;ABT 874 (J695),由Abbott正在开发的抗-IL-12 p40抗体;CAT-192,由Cambridge Antibody Technology和Genzyme正在开发的抗-TGFβl抗体;CAT-213,由Cambridge Antibody Technology正在开发的抗-嗜酸性细胞活化趋化因子1抗体;LymphoStat-B?,由Cambridge Antibody Technology和Human Genome Sciences Inc.正在开发的抗-Blys抗体;TRAIL-RI mAb,由Cambridge Antibody Technology和Human Genome Sciences, Inc.正在开发的抗-TRAIL-Rl抗体;Avastin?(贝伐单抗,rhuMAb-VEGF)由Genentech正在开发的抗-VEGF抗体;Xolair? (奥马珠单抗),由Genentech正在开发的抗-IgE抗体;Raptiva?(依法珠单抗),由Genentech和Xoma正在开发的抗-CD11a抗体;由Genentech和Millennium Pharmaceuticals正在开发的MLN-02抗体(以前为LDP-02);HuMax CD4,由Genmab正在开发的抗-CD4抗体;HuMax-EL15,由Genmab和Amgen正在开发的抗-IL-15抗体;由Genmab和Medarex、HuMax-Cancer正在开发的HuMax-Inflam;由Genmab和Amgen正在开发的HuMax-Lymphoma;由Genmab正在开发的HuMax-TAC;DDEC-131,由IDEC Pharmaceuticals正在开发的抗-CD40L抗体;IDEC-151(克立昔单抗)由IDEC Pharmaceuticals正在开发的抗-CD4抗体;BDEC-114,由IDEC Pharmaceuticals正在开发的抗-CD80抗体;IDEC-152,由IDEC Pharmaceuticals正在开发的抗-CD23抗体;BEC2,由Imclone正在开发的抗-个体基因型抗体;IMC-1Cl1,由Imclone正在开发的抗-KDR抗体;DCl01,由Imclone正在开发的抗-flk-1抗体;由Imclone正在开发的抗-VE钙粘蛋白抗体;CEA-Cide? (labetuzumab),由Immunomedics正在开发的抗癌胚抗原(CEA)抗体;LymphoCide?(依帕珠单抗),由Immunomedics正在开发的抗-CD22抗体;由Immunomedics正在开发的AFP-Cide;由Immunomedics正在开发的MyelomaCide;由Immunomedics正在开发的LkoCide;由Immunomedics正在开发的ProstaCide;MDX-010,由Medarex正在开发的抗-CTLA4抗体;MDX-060,由Medarex正在开发的抗-CD30抗体;由Medarex正在开发的MDX-070;由Medarex正在开发的MDX-018;Osidem? (IDM-I),由Medarex和Immuno-Designed Molecules正在开发的抗-Her2抗体;HuMax?-CD4,由Medarex和Genmab正在开发的抗-CD4抗体;HuMax-IL15,由Medarex和Genmab正在开发的抗-EL15抗体;CNTO 148,由Medarex和Centocor/Johnson & Johnson正在开发的抗- TNFα抗体;CNTO 1275,由Centocor/Johnson & Johnson正在开发的抗-细胞因子抗体;MOR101和MOR102,由MorphoSys正在开发的抗细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-I)(CD54)抗体;MOR201,由MorphoSys正在开发的抗-成纤维细胞生长因子受体(FGFR-3)抗体;Nuvion? (visilizumab),由Protein Design Labs正在开发的抗-CD3抗体;HuZAF?,由Protein Design Labs正在开发的抗-γ干扰素抗体1抗体;由Protein Design Labs正在开发的抗-α5β1整合素抗体;ING-I,由Xoma正在开发的抗-EpCAM抗体;Xolair?(奥马珠单抗),由Genentech和Novartis正在开发的人源化的抗-IgE抗体;和MLNOl,由Xoma正在开发的抗-β2整合素抗体。
可以理解的是,供体抗体和其对应的工程化抗体的形式可以是相同的或不同的。例如,在一些实施方案中,供体抗体和其对应的工程化抗体是完整抗体。在一些实施方案中,供体抗体是抗体片段(例如,抗体的Fab或scFv片段),其对应的工程化抗体也是抗体片段(例如,抗体的Fab或scFv片段)。然而,在一些实施方案中,供体抗体是完整抗体,其对应的工程化抗体是抗体的片段,或者反之亦然。
下面描述了用于产生工程化抗体的方法。
用于产生工程化抗体的方法
用于产生工程化抗体的方法需要供体抗体的CDR氨基酸序列和受体抗体的至少可变区框架区。如上所述,任选地,工程化抗体可以包括一个或多个恒定区(例如,受体抗体的恒定区如SEQ ID NO:6所述的重链氨基酸序列的Fc区)。受体抗体可以包含具有下列顺序的氨基酸序列区段:LFR1-LCDR1-LFR2-LCDR2-LFR3-LCDR3-LFR4的轻链可变结构域。LFR1、LFR2、LFR3和LFR4可以是从具有SEQ ID NO:2或SEQ ID NO:8所述的氨基酸序列的轻链可变结构域获得的框架区。此处描述了用于轻链框架区的示例性氨基酸序列以及框架区的示例性组。(见,例如,表1和3-5)。
受体抗体重链可变结构域可以具有下列顺序的氨基酸序列区段:HFR1-HCDR1-HFR2-HCDR2-HFR3-HCDR3-HFR4。HFR1、HFR2、HFR3和HFR4可以是从具有SEQ ID NO:5或SEQ ID NO:7所述的氨基酸序列的重链可变区多肽获得的框架区。此处描述了用于重链框架区的示例性氨基酸序列以及框架区的示例性组。(见,例如,表2-5)。
该方法包括替换受体抗体的CDR(例如,LCDR1、LCDR2、LCDR3、HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3)与一组来自供体抗体的CDR。抗体工程领域的技术人员能够容易地确定供体和受体抗体中每一个的CDR和框架区的位置和氨基酸序列。如上所述,可以通过参照,例如,Kabat等.(1991),同上,Chothia等.(1989),同上或组合的Kabat-Chothia定义描述抗体的CDR和框架区。在图1和2中和在Thomas等.(1996,同上)中也例举了根据Kabat、Chothia和组合的Kabat-Chothia定义鉴定抗体的CDR和框架区。
用于将来自供体抗体的CDR序列嫁接到受体抗体的框架区的方法是本领域公知的,并描述于,例如,Jones等.(1986) Nature 321:522-525; Verhoeyen等. (1988) Science 239(4847):1534-1536; Riechmann等. (1988) Nature 332:323-327; Queen等. (1989) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:10029-10033; PCT公开号WO 93/011237; Kettleborough等. (1991) Protein Engineering, Design and Selection 4:773-783; Benny K. C. Lo (2004) “Antibody Engineering:Methods and Protocols,” Humana Press (ISBN:1588290921); Borrebaek (1992) “Antibody Engineering, A Practical Guide,” W.H. Freeman and Co., NY;以及Borrebaek (1995) “Antibody Engineering,” 第二版, Oxford University Press, NY, Oxford. 例如,可以用重叠延伸聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术将来自供体抗体的CDR嫁接到受体抗体的框架区,如描述于,例如,Daugherty等. (1991) Nucleic Acids Res 19(9):2471-2476; Roguska等. (1996) Protein Engineering 9(10):895-904;以及Yazaki等. (2004) Protein Engineering, Design & Selection 17(5):481-489。Thomas等. (1996), 同上中也描述了用于将一组供体CDR嫁接到受体抗体的合适方法。
在一些实施方案中,其中选择的CDR氨基酸序列是短序列(例如,长度少于10-15个氨基酸),如Shiraishi等.(2007) Nucleic Acids Symposium Series 51(1):129-130和美国专利号6,995,259中所述可化学合成编码CDR的核酸。对于给定的编码受体抗体的核酸序列,可以用标准的分子生物学技术以化学合成的核酸替换编码CDR的核酸序列的区域。可以合成化学合成的核酸的5'和3'末端以包含粘性末端的限制性内切酶位点,该位点用于将核酸克隆进编码供体抗体的可变区的核酸。用于表达和纯化工程化抗体的方法是本领域中已知的并在此处描述。
在工程化抗体的CDR嫁接和表达(见下文)后,可以测试工程化抗体结合到与供体抗体相同的抗原的能力。用于确定抗体是否结合蛋白的合适方法是本领域已知的。例如,可以用各种技术检测和/或定量抗体与蛋白抗原的结合,这些技术如,但并不限于,Western印迹、斑点印迹、表面等离子共振(SPR)方法(例如,BIAcore系统;Pharmacia Biosensor AB, Uppsala, Sweden和Piscataway, N.J.)、Octet或酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)。
在一些实施方案中,可以确定工程化抗体和其同源抗原之间的结合亲和力。用于确定工程化抗体对于蛋白抗原的亲和力的方法是本领域已知的。例如,可以用各种技术定量抗体与蛋白抗原的结合,这些技术如,但并不限于,Western印迹、斑点印迹、SPR、Octet或ELISA技术。见,例如,Harlow和Lane (1988),同上;Benny K. C. Lo (2004),同上;Borrebaek (1992),同上;Johne等. (1993) J Immunol Meth 160:191-198; Jonsson等. (1993) Ann Biol Clin 51:19-26; 和Jonsson等. (1991) Biotechniques 11:620-627。
优选地,工程化抗体将特异性地结合与供体抗体相同的抗原。当结合常数(Ka) 高于106 M-1时,认为抗体与抗原的结合是特异性的。因此,抗体可以以至少(或大于)106的(例如,至少或大于107、108、109、1010、1011、1012、1013、1014或1015 或更高) M-1的Ka特异性地结合蛋白。
可以经常进行CDR嫁接使得与供体抗体对于相同抗原的的亲和力相比,工程化抗体对于抗原将具有大约相同的亲和力。见,例如,Jones等. (1986),同上;Verhoeyen等. (1988),同上;和Yazaki等. (2004),同上。在一些实施方案中,与供体抗体对于抗原的亲和力相比,工程化抗体对于抗原具有改进的亲和力。
在一些实施方案中,与供体抗体对于相同抗原的亲和力相比,工程化抗体对于抗原具有更低的亲和力。在这种情况下,可以用,例如,Gram等. (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89(8):3576-3580; 美国专利号7,432,063; 和PCT公开号WO 02/036738和WO 04/055182中所述的CDR序列的亲和力成熟部分地或完全地恢复丢失的亲和力。
可以用,例如,Kettleborough等. (1991) Protein Engineering4( 7):773-783; Tempest et al. (1991) BioTechnol 9:266-271; Hale等. (1988) Lancet 2:1394-1399;和Gorman等. (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:4181-4185中所述的抗体改造技术部分地或完全地恢复(或者甚至有时超过)丢失的亲和力。例如,Padlan (1991) Mol Immunol 28:489-498中描述了用于抗体改造的计算机方法。已经鉴定了一个重链可变框架残基 - 第71位(Kabat等所定义的)对于抗原结合是重要的。见,例如,Tramontano等. (1990) J Mol Biol 215:175-182。用来自一系列免疫球蛋白分子的结构数据,作者观察到CDR2的构象部分地依赖于它与残基71的相互作用。在改造的抗-EGF受体抗体中残基71的保留显示了对于获得可接受的亲和力是重要的(Kettleborough等.(1991),同上,和Krauss等.(2004) Br J Cancer 90:1863-1870)。已经显示,重链可变区框架残基48、66和67(由Kabat等所定义)对于CDR嫁接和改造期间抗体亲和力的保留是重要的。(出处同上) 而且,Riechmann等.(1988,同上)公开了重链可变区框架残基27和30(由Kabat等所定义)对于恢复CDR-嫁接的抗CAMPATH-1抗体的亲和力的贡献。Saldanha等.((1999) Mol Immunol 36(11-12):709-719)表明,在人κ IV轻链FR1的第9位引入的回复突变恢复了以前未成功的人源化抗体的结合亲和力,并发现突变也增加了抗体在COS细胞中的分泌水平。Thomas等.(1996),同上,讨论了VH框架区第78位对于保持人抗体的功能的重要性。也可以见,例如,Foote和Winter (1992) J Mol Biol 224:487-499。如工作实施例和Thomas等.(1996),同上中所述,VH第28和30位对于抗体的稳定性和功能也可以是重要的。因此,可以理解的是,任何上述修饰可对此处所述的工程化抗体作出或可存在于此处所述的工程化抗体,只要与最初的供体抗体在人中的免疫原性相比,该工程化抗体在人中保持较低的免疫原性。
例如,美国专利号6,180,370; 6,350,861;和5,693,762中也描述了用于恢复在抗体的改造期间丢失的抗原结合亲和力的合适的方法,其中每一份公开在此处被完整地引入作为参考。例如,美国专利号6,180,370(授予Queen等)描述了通过用供体抗体可变区中存在的对应的氨基酸替换工程化抗体可变区(例如,工程化抗体框架区)的至少一个(例如,一个、两个、三个、四个、五个、六个或更多个)氨基酸(所谓的“回复突变”)而用于恢复工程化抗体的亲和力的方法。该方法包括,例如,比较(比对)工程化抗体的框架区与供体抗体中对应的构架区,并鉴定是:(a)在该位置上罕见的,(b)与CDR紧紧相邻的,和/或(c)在三维空间中在CDR的约3 ?之内的一个或多个氨基酸的氨基酸。鉴定的氨基酸可以尤其适合回复突变以便将丢失的亲和力恢复给工程化抗体。可以将一个或多个(例如,一个、两个、三个、四个、五个或六个或更多个)回复突变引入工程化抗体的单一框架区域或工程化抗体的多于一个(例如,二个、三个、四个、五个、六个、七个或八个)框架区。在一些实施方案中,可以以足够数量引入回复突变而使得工程化抗体框架区与对应的供体抗体框架区大于65(例如,66、67、68、69、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、77、 78、79、80、81、82、83、84、85、86、87、88、89、90、91、92、93、94或95或更多)%相同。在一些实施方案中,可以以足够数量引入一个或更多个回复突变而使得工程化抗体可变区(例如,轻链可变区或重链可变区)与供体抗体的对应的可变区大于65(例如,66、67、68、69、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、77、 78、79、80、81、82、83、84、85、86、87、88、89、90、91、92、93、94或95或更多)%相同。包含一个或多个回复突变的工程化抗体所有需要的是,与供体抗体在人中的免疫原性相比,工程化抗体的免疫原性更低。
如上所讨论的,可以用改造或亲和力成熟技术将一个或多个(例如,两个、三个、四个、五个、六个、七个、八个、九个或10个或更多)氨基酸取代(例如,保守的或非保守的取代)引入工程化抗体框架区(例如,HFR1、HFR2、HFR3、HFR4、LFR1、LFR2 LFR3、或LFR4)的一个或多个(例如,一个、二个、三个、四个、五个、六个、七个或所有八个)。在一些实施方案中,框架区总共包含少于10个(例如,少于九个、八个、七个、六个、五个、四个、三个、二个或一个)取代。在一些实施方案中,在改造期间仅仅改变一个框架区(例如,将一个或多个氨基酸取代引入该区域)。在一些实施方案中,多于一个(例如,两个、三个、四个、五个或所有六个)框架区被改变以包含一个或多个氨基酸取代。所有需要的是,获得的工程化抗体,当施用于人时,在人中比对应的供体抗体免疫原性更低。在一些实施方案中,在嫁接过程之前进行氨基酸取代。在一些实施方案中,在嫁接过程之后进行氨基酸取代。
如上所讨论的,本领域普通技术人员会认识到,可变结构域CDR和框架区的准确边界可以根据如何定义它们而不同。例如,根据Chothia定义或组合的Kabat-Chothia定义,VH第28和30位落在重链CDR1区域。因此,在一些实施方案中,可以将一个或多个氨基酸取代引入工程化抗体VH区和/或VL区的CDR,但不引入抗体的框架区。这种取代可以影响抗体改造或亲和力成熟。因此,在一些实施方案中,抗体改造或成熟技术可以包括将一个或多个(例如,两个、三个、四个、五个、六个、七个、八个、九个或10个或更多个)氨基酸取代(例如,保守的或非保守的取代)引入工程化抗体CDR区(例如,HCDR1、HCDR2、HCDR3、LCDR1、LCDR2或LCDR3)的一个或多个(例如,一个、二个、三个、四个、五个或所有六个),例如,如Kabat、Chothia或组合的Kabat-Chothia定义所定义的。在一些实施方案中,CDRs总共包含少于10个(例如,少于九个、八个、七个、六个、五个、四个、三个、二个或一个)取代。一些实施方案中,在CDRs嫁接于受体支架之前或之后,没有任何供体CDR经受氨基酸取代。所述取代所有需要的是:(a)获得的工程化抗体,当施用于人时,在人中比对应的供体抗体免疫原性更低;以及(b)与取代之前工程化抗体对于抗原的亲和力相比,取代改进了工程化抗体对于目标抗原的亲和力。
一些实施方案中,可以使用此处所述的方法产生工程化的轻链多肽和工程化的重链多肽。在一些实施方案中,使用者可以选择产生仅仅工程化的轻链多肽或工程化的重链多肽,并使用,例如,定向选择来鉴定互补的多肽链(轻链或重链多肽),从而产生在人中具有降低的免疫原性的工程化抗体。例如,已经产生工程化的轻链多肽的使用者可以采用定向选择技术来鉴定同源的人重链多肽序列,从而产生工程化抗体,与供体抗体相比,该抗体在人中免疫原性更低。例如,美国专利号5,565,332 (授予Hoogenboom等.), Guo-Qiang和Xian-Li (2009) Methods Mol Biol 562:133-142, Klimka等. (2000) Br J Cancer 83(2):252-260和Beiboer等. (2000) JMol Biol 296(3):833-849详细描述了定向选择技术。简而言之,定向选择涉及将感兴趣的抗体轻链多肽或抗体重链多肽与全部(a repertoire of )人互补的(轻的或重的)可变结构域配对。例如,使用噬菌体展示技术询问(interrogate)杂合配对。可以选择对于感兴趣的抗原保留亲和力的特异性杂交配对。
在一些实施方案中,此处所述的人源化方法可以包括,例如询问各种人可变区的文库或人可变区的部分,如,例如,美国专利号7,087,409; Rader等. (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:8910-8915;和Steinberger等. (2000) J Biol Chem 275(46):36073-36078中所述。例如,使用者可以产生包含依库丽单抗轻链可变区的FR3和FR4以及供体抗体的CDR3的中间的工程化的轻链多肽盒。(可以理解的是,起始盒可以是连续的框架区和CDR序列的任意组合,例如:FR1-CDR1、FR1-CDR1-FR2、FR1-CDR1-FR2-CDR2、FR1-CDR1-FR2-CDR2-FR3、CDR1-FR2-CDR2-FR3-CDR3-FR4、FR2-CDR2-FR3-CDR3-FR4、CDR2-FR3-CDR3-FR4、FR3-CDR3-FR4、CDR3-FR4、FR2-CDR2-FR3、CDR1-FR2-CDR2等。) 然后,使用者可以产生中间的工程化的轻链多肽的多种文库,其中上述FR3-CDR3-FR4盒加入人FR1-CDR1-FR2-CDR2盒的文库。可以将中间的轻链多肽的文库与工程化抗体重链多肽,例如,包含至少一个此处所述的框架区和来自供体抗体的一个或多个CDR的工程化抗体配对。可以询问(例如,使用噬菌体展示技术)杂合配对来鉴定保留与供体抗体相同的抗原结合的能力并且在人中显示出与供体抗体相比免疫原性降低的一个或多个单个杂交配对。例如,美国专利申请公开号 20060134098和20050255552中描述了与此处所述的方法一致的用于使用交换盒以使抗体人源化的额外方法。
在一些实施方案中,可以使用PCR-定向诱变来将随机突变引入工程化抗体的框架区,从而产生变体工程化抗体的文库。在一些实施方案中,可以使用PCR产生变体工程化抗体的文库,其中将目标突变引入工程化抗体的一个或多个框架区。可以筛选至少部分的变体工程化抗体文库以鉴定具有一种或多种所需特征如在人中与供体抗体相比对于抗原的改进的亲和力和/或降低的或进一步降低的免疫原性的变体工程化抗体。用于筛选抗体文库的方法是抗体工程领域中公知的,包括,例如,噬菌体展示、细菌展示、酵母表面展示、真核病毒展示、哺乳细胞展示和无细胞(例如,核糖体展示)抗体筛选技术(见,例如,Etz等. (2001) J Bacteriol 183:6924-6935; Cornelis (2000) Curr Opin Biotechnol 11:450-454; Klemm等. (2000) Microbiology 146:3025-3032; Kieke等. (1997) Protein Eng 10:1303-1310; Yeung等. (2002) Biotechnol. Prog. 18:212-220; Boder等. (2000) Methods Enzymology 328:430-444; Grabherr等. (2001) Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 4:185-192; Michael等. (1995) Gene Ther 2:660-668; Pereboev等. (2001) J Virol 75:7107-7113; Schaffitzel等. (1999) J Immunol Methods 231:119-135;和Hanes等. (2000) Nat Biotechnol 18:1287-1292)。噬菌体展示抗体筛选涉及表达展示在噬菌体(例如,M13丝状噬菌体或λ、T4或T7噬菌体)表面的抗体蛋白。见,例如,Sidhu (2001) Biomol Eng 18:57-63; Maruyama等. (1994) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:8273-8277; Ren和Black (1998) Gene 215:439-444; Rosenberg等. (1996) InNovations 6:1-6; 和Castagnoli等. (2001) Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 4:121-133。简而言之,用标准的分子生物学技术产生多种噬菌粒载体,每种编码噬菌体外壳蛋白(例如,M13噬菌体的pIII或pVIII)和不同的工程化抗体的融合蛋白,然后引入一群细菌(例如,大肠杆菌)。在一些实施方案中,在细菌中噬菌体的表达需要使用辅助噬菌体。在一些实施方案中,不需要辅助噬菌体(Chasteen等.(2006) Nucleic Acids Res 34(21):e145)。从细菌回收产生的噬菌体,然后接触到,例如,结合于固体支持物的目标抗原。通过洗涤固体支持物去除未结合的噬菌体。在洗涤步骤之后,然后,例如,使用游离的目标抗原竞争剂从固体支持物洗脱结合的噬菌体。通常,任何洗脱的噬菌体都可以被视为包括结合目标抗原的抗体(或其片段)。可以通过,例如,以1个噬菌体/孔的感染复数感染生长在多孔试验板的孔中的细菌而分离群体的单个噬菌体。
为了富集噬菌体群体而获得包含对于目标抗原具有更高亲和力的抗体的噬菌体颗粒(同时减少可能非特异性结合抗原的噬菌体的比例),可以使用洗脱的噬菌体(如上所述)重新感染一群细菌宿主细胞。然后从细菌获得表达的噬菌体,再次接触到结合于固体支持物的目标抗原(例如,珠子或柱子的表面)。通过洗涤固体支持物去除未结合的噬菌体。在洗涤步骤之后,然后,例如,使用游离的目标抗原竞争剂从固体支持物洗脱结合的噬菌体。噬菌体颗粒经受的感染-结合-洗脱循环的数量通常与富集包含对于目标抗原具有更高的亲和力的噬菌体水平相关。
例如,O’Brien和Aitken (2002) “Antibody Phage Display:Methods and Protocols,” Humana Press (ISBN 0896037118); Barbas等. (2004) “Phage Display:A Laboratory Manual,” Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (ISBN:0879697407);和Figini等. (1998) Cancer Res 58:991-996中还描述了用于抗体噬菌体展示的方法, 其中每一个的公开内容在此处被完整地引入作为参考。例如,Konthur和Walter (2002) TARGETS 1(1):30-36中描述了将用于高通量筛选活动中的抗体噬菌体展示的各个步骤自动化的方法。
可以获得用于鉴定结合与供体抗体相同的抗原的工程化抗体的额外的筛选方法。例如,方法的使用者可以使用各种过滤筛选方法中的任一,例如,其中分泌抗体片夹带获在膜上,然后将其与可溶的目标抗原接触。见,例如,Skerra等. (1991) Anal Biochem 196:151-5。在这种情况下,具有引导Fab片段分泌到细菌周质中的质粒载体的细菌生长在膜或滤膜上。允许分泌的片段扩散到用抗体包被的第二“捕获”膜,该抗体可以结合抗体片段(例如,抗-免疫球蛋白抗血清),用特异性抗原探测捕获滤膜。可以使用抗体-酶偶联物检测捕获膜上作为色斑的抗原结合的抗体片段。菌落重新生长在第一膜上,并回收表达所需抗体片段的克隆。
方法的使用者也可以使用ELISA技术筛选结合与供体抗体相同的抗原的工程化抗体。可以如,例如,Watkins等. (1997) Anal. Biochem. 253:37-45中所述测试从单一的克隆表达的单个工程化抗体或者由多个克隆产生的多个工程化抗体的库。使用者也可以使用菌落转移结合试验,其中允许所述抗体直接扩散到抗原包被的膜上。例如,Giovannoni等. (2001) Nucleic Acids Research 29(5):e27描述了这样一种方法。
用于确定工程化抗体在人中是否是免疫原性的方法是本领域公知的。例如,作为0期临床研究的部分,可以将工程化抗体施用于人受试者。见,例如,Kinders等. (2007) Molecular Interventions 7:325-334。可以口服地或经皮地,或静脉内注射地(或输注)、皮下地、肌肉内地、腹膜内地、直肠内地、阴道内地、鼻内地、胃内地、气管内地或肺内地施用工程化抗体。可以将抗体直接递送至适当的淋巴组织(例如,脾脏、淋巴结或粘膜相关的淋巴组织(MALT))。如果需要,可以在不同时间(例如,间隔分开的一周)一次或数次(例如两次、三次、四次、八次或十二次)给予加强免疫。然后可以通过使用本领域技术人员熟悉的体外测试,例如,ELISA测试这种抗体的全身性(例如,在血清中)或者,例如,在不同的粘膜部位(例如唾液中或胃和支气管肺泡灌洗液)的存在而测定对于工程化抗体特异性的抗体(例如,IgG、IgM或IgA)反应。可以获得商业的基于ELISA的试剂盒,包括,例如,HAHA ELISA ELPCO? Immunoassay (ALPCO Diagnostics, Salem, NH)。用于检测由受试者(例如,人受试者)产生结合并抑制治疗性抗体的活性的中和抗体的合适的方法(例如,ELISA或SPR方法)是本领域中已知的并在实施例中例举。例如,Welt等. (2003) Clin Cancer Res 9(4):1338-46; Aarden等. (2008),同上; Szolar等. (2006) J Pharm Biomed Anal 41(4):1347-1353; Lofgren等. (2007) J Immunol 178(11):7467-7472; Ritter等. (2001) Cancer Res 61:6851-6859;和Buist等. (1995) Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy 40(1):24-30中也描述了合适的方法。另外,或者此外,由于对于抗体反应通常需要CD4+ T细胞反应,可以使用本领域已知的方法测定体外CD4+ T细胞对工程化抗体的反应。这种方法包括CD4+ T细胞增殖或淋巴因子(例如,白细胞介素-2、白细胞介素-4或干扰素-γ)产生测试。
在一些实施方案中,此处所述的方法可以包括确定供体抗体(例如,人源化的供体抗体)是否可能或预期在人中是免疫??原性的。在一些实施方案中,此处所述的方法可以包括在计算机芯片上确定工程化抗体在人中的可能的免疫原性。用于预测给定抗体或抗体可变区的可能的免疫原性的合适的基于计算机的方法/算法是本领域中已知的,非限制性地包括SYFPEITHI、TEPITOPE、BEPITOPE、RANKPEP (Harvard University)、MMPred、PREDICT、MHCBench和ABCpred。见Rammensee等. (1999) Immunogenetics 50:213; Saha和Raghava (2007) Methods Mol Biol 409:387-394; El-Manzalawy等. (2008) J Mol Recognit 21(4):243-255; Sturniolo等. (1999) Nat Biotechnol 17:555; Bhasin和Raghava (2004) Bioinformatics 20(3):421-423;和van de Weert and M?ller (2008), “Immunogenicity of Biopharmaceuticals,” Biotechnology:Pharmaceutical Aspects, Springer Press的第8卷(见表4.2,题为“Epitope prediction tools, databases and data sets”)。可以在工程化抗体的产生之前(例如,评价一种或多种供体抗体)和/或在工程化抗体的产生之后(例如,将工程化抗体施用于人之前)进行计算机芯片上测定。在一些实施方案中,可以在改造工程化抗体(例如,将一个或多个回复突变引入工程化抗体中)之后进行计算机芯片上测定。在一些实施方案中,可以采用计算机芯片上方法来帮助使用者确定在工程化抗体上采用哪些改造技术。例如,如果使用者在两种可比较的改造技术(例如,在框架区中的两个不同的氨基酸位置之一的回复突变)之间具有选择,使用者可以转向上述计算机芯片上方法来确定两种技术中的哪种可能导致产生在人中具有免疫原性的至少可能性的工程化抗体。
用于表达工程化抗体的方法
可以将编码工程化抗体的一个或多个核酸插入包含转录和翻译调控序列的表达载体中,其包括,例如,启动子序列、核糖体结合位点、转录起始和终止序列、翻译起始和终止序列、转录终止子信号、多聚腺苷酸化信号和增强子或激活子序列。调控序列包括启动子和转录起始和终止序列。此外,表达载体可以包括多于一个复制系统,以便它可以保持在两种不同的生物体中,例如,在用于表达的哺乳或昆虫细胞中以及在用于克隆和扩增的原核宿主中。
可以获得用于在哺乳细胞中从核酸表达克隆的工程化抗体的重链和/或轻链多肽的数种可能的载体系统。一类载体依赖于所需的基因序列整合进宿主细胞基因组中。可以通过同时引入耐药基因如大肠杆菌gpt (Mulligan和Berg (1981) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78:2072)或Tn5 neo (Southern和Berg (1982) Mol Appl Genet 1:327)而选择具有稳定整合的DNA的细胞。 可以将可选择的标记基因连接到待表达的DNA基因序列,或者通过共转染(Wigler等.(1979) Cell 16:77)引入相同的细胞。第二类载体利用将自主复制能力赋予染色体外质粒的DNA元件。这些载体可以源自动物病毒,如牛乳头状瘤病毒(Sarver等. (1982) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 79:7147)、多瘤病毒(Deans等. (1984) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81:1292)或SV40病毒(Lusky和Botchan (1981) Nature 293:79)。
可以以适合用于随后的核酸表达的方式将表达载体引入细胞中。引入的方法很大程度上取决于如下讨论的目标细胞类型。示例性方法包括CaPO4沉淀、脂质体融合、lipofectin、电穿孔、病毒感染、葡聚糖介导的转染、聚凝胺(polybrene)介导的转染和直接显微注射。
用于工程化抗体的表达的适当的宿主细胞包括,例如,酵母、细菌、昆虫和哺乳细胞。尤其感兴趣的是细菌如大肠杆菌,真菌如酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)和毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris),昆虫细胞如SF9,哺乳细胞系(例如,人细胞系)以及原代细胞系。选择的用于表达抗体的宿主细胞的类型将部分取决于待表达的抗体的具体类型以及表达的抗体的预期用途。例如,本领域技术人员可以选择细菌宿主用于表达单链抗体或抗体的Fab片段,而本领域技术人员可以选择哺乳细胞宿主用于完整抗体表达。
通过在足以使允许抗体表达的条件和一定时间下培养以表达载体转化的??宿主细胞而从细胞产生工程化抗体,该表达载体编码抗体的核酸。这种蛋白表达的条件将随着表达载体和宿主细胞的选择而变化,本领域技术人员通过常规实验可以容易确定。例如,可以从包涵体重新折叠大肠杆菌中表达的工程化抗体(见,例如,Hou等.(1998) Cytokine 10:319-30)。细菌表达系统和它们的使用方法是本领域公知的。密码子、合适的表达载体和合适的宿主细胞的选择将根据多种因素而变化,并且可以很容易根据需要而优化。工程化抗体可以在哺乳细胞或其它表达系统中表达,包括但不限于酵母、杆状病毒和体外表达系统(见,例如,Kaszubska等. (2000) Protein Expression and Purification 18:213-220)。
在一些实施方案中,工程化抗体可以在转基因动物(例如,转基因哺乳动物)中表达并从其中纯化。例如,可以在转基因非人哺乳动物(例如,啮齿类)产生工程化抗体并从乳中分离,如在,例如,Houdebine (2002) Curr Opin Biotechnol 13(6):625-629; van Kuik-Romeijn等.(2000) Transgenic Res 9(2):155-159;和Pollock等.(1999) J Immunol Methods 231(1-2):147-157中所述。
Thomas等.(1996),同上中也描述了合适的抗体表达方法。
表达之后,可以分离工程化抗体。应用于此处所述的任何多肽(例如,工程化抗体)的术语“分离的”或“纯化的”是指已经从表达蛋白的原核生物中与之天然相伴的组分中分离或纯化的多肽(例如,蛋白或其它天然存在的生物或有机分子),该组分例如,其它蛋白、脂质和核酸。通常,当多肽根据重量构成样品中的总蛋白至少60(例如,至少65、70、75、80、85、90、92、95、97或99)%时,该多肽是纯化的。
可以根据何种其它组分存在于样品中而以本领域技术人员已知的多种方式分离或纯化工程化抗体。标准的纯化方法包括电泳的、分子的、免疫学的和色谱的技术,包括离子交换、疏水性的、亲和力以及反相HPLC色谱。例如,可以使用标准的抗-抗体柱(例如,蛋白-A或蛋白-G柱)纯化工程化抗体。超滤和渗滤技术,连同蛋白浓缩,也是有用的。见,例如,Scopes (1994) “Protein Purification, 3rd edition,” Springer-Verlag, New York City, New York。必要的纯化程度将根据所需的用途而不同。在一些情况下,不需要纯化表达的工程化抗体。
用于确定分离的工程化抗体的产量或纯度的方法是本领域已知的,包括,例如,Bradford测定、UV光谱学,缩二脲蛋白测定、Lowry蛋白测定、酰氨基黑蛋白测定、高效液相色谱(HPLC)、质谱(MS)和凝胶电泳方法(例如,使用蛋白染色如考马斯亮蓝或胶体银染色)。
在一些实施方案中,可以从表达的工程化抗体中去除内毒素。用于从蛋白样品中去除内毒素的方法是本领域已知的。例如,可以用商业上获得的试剂从蛋白样品中去除内毒素,该试剂非限制性地包括,ProteoSpin?内毒素去除试剂盒(Norgen Biotek Corporation)、Detoxi-Gel内毒素去除凝胶(Thermo Scientific; Pierce Protein Research Products)、MiraCLEAN?内毒素去除试剂盒(Mirus)或Acrodisc? - Mustang? E膜 (Pall Corporation)。
用于检测和/或测定样品(纯化之前和之后)中存在的内毒素的量的方法是本领域已知的,商业试剂盒是可以获得的。例如,可以用QCL-1000 Chromogenic kit (BioWhittaker)、基于鲎变形细胞溶解物(LAL)的试剂盒如从Associates of Cape Cod Incorporated获得的Pyrotell?、Pyrotell?-T、Pyrochrome?、Chromo-LAL和CSE试剂盒,测定蛋白质样品中内毒素的浓度。
药物组合物
可以将此处所述的包含工程化抗体的组合物配制为药物组合物。药物组合物将通常包括药学上可接受的载体。此处所用的“药学上可接受的载体”是指并包括,任何及所有溶剂、分散介质、包被层、抗细菌剂和抗真菌剂、等渗和吸收延迟剂以及生理上相容的载体。组合物可以包括药学上可接受的盐,例如,酸加成盐或碱加成盐(见,例如,Berge等.(1977) J Pharm Sci 66:1-19)。
可以根据标准方法配制组合物。药物配制是完善确立的领域,其进一步描述于,例如,Gennaro (2000) “Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy,” 20th Edition, Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins (ISBN:0683306472); Ansel等. (1999) “Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems,” 7th Edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers (ISBN:0683305727); 和Kibbe (2000) “Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients American Pharmaceutical Association,” 3rd Edition (ISBN:091733096X)。在一些实施方案中,可以将组合物配制为,例如,以合适的浓度并适合贮存在2-8℃(例如,4℃)的缓冲溶液。在一些实施方案中,可以将组合物配制用于存储在低于0℃(例如,-20℃或-80℃)的温度。在一些实施方案中,可以将组合物配制用于在2-8℃(例如,4℃)存储最长达2年(例如,一个月、两个月、三个月、四个月、五个月、六个月、七个月、八个月、九个月、10个月、11个月、1年、1?年或2年)。因此,在一些实施方案中,此处所述的组合物在2-8℃(例如,4℃)贮存至少1年是稳定的。
药物组合物可以是各种形式。这些形式包括,例如,液体、半固体和固体剂型,如液体溶液(例如,可注射的和不溶的溶液)、分散体或悬浮液、片剂、丸剂、粉剂、脂质体和栓剂。优选的形式部分取决于期望的施用模式和治疗应用。例如,期望用于全身或局部递送的包含抗体或其片段的组合物可以是可注射的或难溶的溶液的形式。因此,可以配制组合物用于通过肠胃外的模式(例如,静脉内、皮下、腹膜内或肌肉内注射)而施用。此处所用的 “肠胃外施用”、“肠胃外地施用”和其它语法等同的短语是指肠内和局部施用以外的施用模式,通常通过注射,包括不限于,静脉内、鼻内、眼内、肺部、肌肉内、动脉内、鞘内、囊内、眼眶内、心脏内、皮内、腹膜内、经气管、皮下、表皮下、关节内、囊下、蛛网膜下、脊柱内、硬膜外、脑内、颅内、颈动脉内和胸骨内注射和输注(见下文)。
在一些实施方案中,可以将此处所述的工程化抗体配制在适合用于肺内施用于人(例如,用于通过雾化器或吸入器施用)的组合物中。用于制备这种组合物的方法是本领域公知的,描述在,例如,美国专利申请公开号20080202513;美国专利号7,112,341和6,019,968;PCT申请公开号WO 00/061178和WO 06/122257,其中每一份公开在此处被完整地引入作为参考。干粉吸入器制剂和用于施用制剂的合适的系统描述在,例如,美国专利申请公开号20070235029,PCT公开号WO 00/69887和美国专利号5,997,848。
可以将组合物配制为溶液、微乳液、分散体、脂质体或适合在高浓度稳定储存的其它有序的结构。通过将所需量的此处所述的抗体(或抗体的片段)和需要的上面所举的成分中的一种或组合并入合适的溶剂中,随后无菌过滤而制备无菌的可注射的溶液。通常,通过将此处所述的抗体或片段并入包含基本分散介质和选自上面所举的成分的所需的其它成分的无菌介质中而制备分散体。在用于制备无菌可注射的溶液的无菌粉末的情况下,用于制备的方法包括真空干燥和冷冻干燥,它们从前面无菌过滤的其溶液产生的此处所述的工程化抗体和任何其它所需的成分(见下文)的粉末。可以例如通过使用包被层如卵磷脂、在分散的情况下通过保持所需颗粒大小和通过使用表面活性剂而维持溶液的合适的流动性。可以通过在组合物中包括延迟吸收的试剂如单硬脂酸铝和明胶而产生可注射的组合物的延长吸收。
在某些实施方案中,可以用保护化合物免于快速释放的载体制备工程化抗体,如控释制剂,包括移植物和微胶囊包封的递送系统。可以使用生物可降解的、生物相容的聚合物,如乙烯乙酸乙烯酯、聚酐、聚乙醇酸、胶原、聚原酸酯和聚乳酸。用于制备这种制剂的许多方法是本领域已知的。见,例如,J.R. Robinson (1978) “Sustained and Controlled Release Drug Delivery Systems,” Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York。
可以将编码工程化抗体的核酸引入基因构建体,用作基因治疗操作步骤的一部分来递送核酸,该核酸可用于在细胞内表达并产生试剂(见下文)。这种组分的表达构建体可以在任何治疗有效的载体中施用,例如,能够在体内将组分基因有效地递送至细胞的任何制剂或组合物。方法包括将主题基因插入病毒载体或重组的细菌或真核质粒中,病毒载体包括重组逆转录病毒、腺病毒、腺相关病毒、慢病毒和单纯疱疹病毒-1(HSV-1)。病毒载体可以直接转染细胞;可以在,例如,阳离子脂质体(lipofectin)或衍生的(例如,偶联的抗体)、聚赖氨酸偶联物、短杆菌肽S、人工病毒薄膜或其它这种胞内载体,以及基因构建体的直接注射或体内进行的CaPO4沉淀(见,例如,WO04/060407)的帮助下递送质粒DNA。(也可见,下面的“先体内后体外方法” ) 合适的逆转录病毒的例子包括本领域技术人员已知的pLJ、pZIP、pWE和pEM(见,例如,Eglitis等. (1985) Science 230:1395-1398; Danos和Mulligan (1988) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:6460-6464; Wilson等. (1988) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:3014-3018; Armentano等. (1990) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87:6141-6145; Huber等. (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:8039-8043; Ferry等. (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:8377-8381; Chowdhury等. (1991) Science 254:1802-1805; van Beusechem等. (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:7640-7644; Kay等. (1992) Human Gene Therapy 3:641-647; Dai等. (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:10892-10895; Hwu等. (1993) J Immunol 150:4104-4115; 美国专利号4,868,116和4,980,286; PCT公开号WO89/07136、WO89/02468、WO89/05345和WO92/07573)。另一种病毒基因递送系统采用腺病毒衍生的载体(见,例如,Berkner等. (1988) BioTechniques 6:616; Rosenfeld等. (1991) Science 252:431-434;和Rosenfeld等. (1992) Cell 68:143-155). 合适的衍生自腺病毒株5型Ad dl324或其它腺病毒株(例如,Ad2、Ad3、Ad7等)的腺病毒载体是本领域技术人员已知的。另一种用于主题基因的递送的病毒载体系统是腺相关病毒(AAV)。见,例如,Flotte等. (1992) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 7:349-356; Samulski等. (1989) J Virol. 63:3822-3828;和McLaughlin等. (1989) J Virol 62:1963-1973。
应用
如上所述,此处所述的工程化抗体的特征在于,与该工程化抗体来源的供体抗体的免疫原性相比,在人中尤其具有降低的免疫原性。因此,工程化抗体可用于广泛的各种各样的诊断和/或治疗的应用,例如,其中将工程化抗体长期施用于人。虽然绝不旨在限制,下面详细说明了其中可以产生和/或使用工程化抗体的数种示例性应用。
治疗性抗- TNFα抗体
医疗人员发现长期施用于人患者的治疗性人源化的抗-TNFα抗体在所有治疗的患者中的很大比例引起人抗-人抗体(HAHA)反应。而且,在这些患者中产生的抗体基本上中和抗-TNFα抗体的治疗活性。因此,可以确定的是,连续地将抗-TNFα抗体施用于这些患者将提供很少或不提供治疗益处。病人具有各种严重的自身免疫性疾病,包括类风湿关节炎、克罗恩病(Crohn’s disease)、溃疡性结肠炎和强直性脊柱炎,他们依靠抗-TNFα抗体来有效管理他们的疾病。
将供体抗-TNFα抗体的CDR嫁接到此处所述的免疫原性降低的抗体受体支架中。测试新的工程化的抗-TNFα抗体的结合TNFα的能力,发现其对于TNFα具有与供体抗-TNFα抗体大约相同的亲和力。在0期研究中,每个月一次将工程化抗体施用于一群人患者,持续六个月。在临每个月施用之前从每位患者获得血液样品,使用该样品确定患者是否产生针对工程化抗体的抗体。可以预期的是,与用最初的人源化抗-TNFα抗体治疗的患者的百分比相比,基本上更低百分比的用工程化抗体治疗的患者发生HAHA反应。因此,也可以预期的是,与最初的人源化的抗-TNFα抗体相比,工程化抗体在更大数量的患者中对于严重的自身免疫性疾病的长期治疗是有效的。
治疗性抗-VEGF抗体
医疗人员发现多于一次施用于人患者的治疗性人源化的抗-抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)抗体在很大比例的治疗的患者中引起中和性HAHA反应。患者患有结肠直肠癌,在每种情况下,他们依靠抗-VEGF治疗来管理他们的癌症。
将供体抗-VEGF抗体的CDR嫁接到此处所述的免疫原性降低的受体抗体支架中。测试新的工程化的抗- VEGF抗体的结合VEGF的能力,发现其对于VEGF具有与供体抗- VEGF抗体大约相同的亲和力。在0期研究中,每两周一次将工程化抗体施用于一群人患者,持续两个月。在临每次施用之前从每位患者获得血液样品,使用该样品确定患者是否产生针对工程化抗体的抗体。可以预期的是,与用最初的人源化抗-VEGF抗体治疗的患者的百分比相比,基本上更低百分比的用工程化抗体治疗的患者发生HAHA反应。也可以预期的是,与最初的人源化的抗- VEGF抗体相比,工程化抗体在更大数量的患者中对于结肠直肠癌的治疗是有效的。
治疗性抗-CD20抗体
许多医疗人员发现多于一次静脉内施用于人患者的治疗性人源化的抗- CD20抗体在很大比例的治疗的患者中引起中和性HAHA反应。患者患有非霍奇金淋巴瘤,在每种情况下,他们依靠抗- CD20治疗来帮助治疗他们的病症。
将供体抗- CD20抗体的CDR嫁接到此处所述的免疫原性降低的受体抗体支架中。测试新的工程化的抗-CD20抗体的结合CD20的能力,发现,与供体抗-CD20抗体对于CD20蛋白的亲和力相比,其对于CD20具有降低的亲和力。抗体经受改造技术以鉴定对于CD20具有改进的亲和力的变体工程化的抗-CD20抗体。将取代突变引入两个重链可变区框架氨基酸残基27和30(如由Kabat等所定义;见Riechmann等(1988),同上)。再次测试变体工程化的抗-CD20抗体对于CD20的亲和力,发现其对于CD20蛋白具有改进的亲和力,该亲和力与供体抗-CD20抗体对于CD20蛋白的亲和力至少相等。
在0期研究中,每周一次将变体工程化抗体施用于一群人患者,持续两个月。在临每次施用之前从每位患者获得血液样品,使用该样品确定患者是否产生针对变体工程化抗体的抗体。可以预期的是,与用最初的人源化抗- CD20抗体治疗的患者的百分比相比,基本上更低百分比的用变体工程化抗体治疗的患者发生HAHA反应。也可以预期的是,与最初的人源化的抗-CD20抗体相比,变体工程化抗体在更大数量的患者中对于非霍奇金淋巴瘤的治疗是有效的。
治疗性抗- IgE抗体
医疗人员发现通过肺内施用多于一次递送于人患者的治疗性人源化的抗-IgE抗体在很大比例的治疗的患者中引起中和性HAHA反应。患者患有哮喘(中度至高度严重度)。
将供体抗-IgE抗体的CDR嫁接到此处所述的免疫原性降低的受体抗体支架中。测试新的工程化的抗-IgE抗体的结合IgE重链恒定区的能力,发现其对于IgE具有与供体抗-IgE抗体大约相同的亲和力。在0期研究中,每两周一次通过喷雾器将工程化抗体施用于一群人患者,持续两个月。在临每次施用之前从每位患者获得血液和痰样品。使用该样品确定患者是否产生针对工程化抗体的抗体。可以预期的是,与用最初的人源化抗-IgE抗体治疗的患者的百分比相比,基本上更低百分比的用工程化抗体治疗的患者发生HAHA反应。也可以预期的是,与最初的人源化的抗-IgE抗体相比,工程化抗体在更大数量的患者中对于哮喘的治疗是有效的。
下列实施例是用来说明而非限制本发明的。
实施例
实施例1. 产生具有低免疫原性的人源化的受体抗体
如下对特异性结合补体组分C5的鼠单克隆抗体(“mαC5抗体”)人源化以生成已知为依库丽单抗的抗体。将mαC5抗体的CDRs嫁接到具有与mαC5抗体的框架高度的序列同源性的人框架区上。采用小鼠可变重链(VH)和可变轻链(VL)序列作为查询序列通过用程序TFASTA (NCBI)扫描Genbank子目录GB-PR而选择被选作mαC5抗体的CDRs的受体序列的人可变区。从搜索鉴定的人VH区是克隆H20C3H(Genbank基因座号HUMIGHRL;登录号L02325)。见,例如,Weng等. (1992) J Immunol 149(7):2518-2529。这种人VH区源自人基因组VH基因HG3和人基因组JH5基因,来自这些基因组基因的框架区中没有包含变化。从搜索鉴定的人VL区是克隆I.23(Genbank登录号X72477)。见,例如, Klein等. (1993) Eur J Immunol 23:3248-3271。这种人VL区源自人基因组Vκ基因012和基因组Jκ1基因,与012基因组基因中的被编码的谷氨酰胺(Q)残基相比,在成熟的可变区的第38位处引入了框架区2(FR2)的精氨酸(R)残基。对于H20C3 VH和I.23 VL序列的氨基酸序列此处分别描述为SEQ ID NO:7和8。使用重叠-延伸PCR技术进行CDR-框架嫁接(基于Kabat定义的CDRs)。将氨基酸取代引入H20C3 VH序列的第28和30位中。具体而言,第28位的苏氨酸和第30位的苏氨酸分别被异亮氨酸和丝氨酸取代。第28位的异亮氨酸和第30位的丝氨酸存在于鼠抗-C5抗体序列中,从该抗体序列获得依库丽单抗的CDR。依库丽单抗的轻链可变区和I.23的轻链可变区的氨基酸序列示于图1中。依库丽单抗的重链可变区和H20C3的重链可变区的氨基酸序列示于图2中。依库丽单抗的整个轻链的氨基酸序列示于SEQ ID NO:1中。依库丽单抗的整个重链的氨基酸序列示于SEQ ID NO:4中。发明人注意到,第28和30位落入Chothia CDR中,如果组合的Kabat-Chothia CDR 已经被嫁接,在不需要在第28和30位进行取代的情况下获得相同的最终结果。
实施例2.检测人抗-依库丽单抗抗体的测试
使用下面的测试检测来自用依库丽单抗治疗的患者的生物样品中人抗-依库丽单抗抗体的存在。测试涉及两个阶段:筛选阶段和验证阶段。筛选阶段测试涉及在阴性对照(正常的人血清;对照样品)和阳性对照参考标准的情况下评价患者血液样品(试验样品)。通过将25 μL来自用依库丽单抗治疗的患者的血清的2%溶液(v/v)加入96孔圆底丙烯测试板的孔中而评价患者血清或测试样品。在这种情况下,对于阴性对照样品,将25 μL 2% (v/v)正常的人血清(NHS)合并物加入板的孔中。还制备一系列阳性对照标准样品,标准品包括不同的预先确定量(400、100、50、25、10、5、2、0 ng/mL)的针对依库丽单抗的抗体。将25 μL标准样品加入板的一组孔中。一式三份评价每份测试、对照和标准样品。
接下来,将25 μL包含2 μg/mL 的(ⅰ)偶联至生物素的依库丽单抗和(ii)偶联至钌(TAG)的依库丽单抗中的每一种的溶液加入板的每个孔中。添加之后,将板密封,避光,并在室温下振荡孵育18小时。孵育之后,将25 μL等份的链霉亲和素包被的DynaBeads (Invitrogen; Carlsbad, California)的0.5 mg/mL溶液加入板的每个孔中。再次将板密封,避光,并在室温下振荡孵育3小时。孵育之后,将包含磷酸盐缓冲盐水中1%牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和0.5%Tween-20的150 mL缓冲液加入每个孔中。用BioVeris M-384 Detection System (Roche)测定从板的每个孔产生的光的量(光发射)。
为了确定样品是否是阳性的以及是否应该在验证阶段向前进一步测试,进行下面的筛选试验。将从包含测试样品的孔产生的平均光发射除以从包含对应的对照样品的孔产生的平均光发射。如果获得的数量少于或等于1.2,测试样品被视为阴性的。如果获得的数量大于1.2,测试样品被视为筛选测试阳性的,向前至验证测试阶段。
验证测试涉及药物测试之后的样品(从依库丽单抗治疗的患者获得的血液)和依库丽单抗施用之前来自患者的对应的血液样品(以下称为“药物之前的样品”)之前的直接比较。测定药物测试之后的样品中存在的依库丽单抗的量。然后将该确定浓度的依库丽单抗加入药物之前的样品以产生“药物之前++ec 样品(predrug+ec sample)”。将依库丽单抗加入药物之前的样品而使由于未标记的药物干扰的血清基质效应的程度标准化。此外,验证测试还涉及在作为测试信号抑制剂的过量的依库丽单抗存在的情况下评价药物之后测试样品和药物之前+ec样品,它在本文中称为“测试+抑制剂”和“用药之前+ ec+抑制剂”样品。加入过量依库丽单抗是用来评价测试信号是否是药物特异性的。
将25 μL测试样品(2% v/v)加入96孔测试板的6个孔中。相似地,将25 μL药物之前+ec样品(2% v/v)加入测试板的另外的6个孔中。为了产生测试+抑制剂条件,将25 μL 依库丽单抗 的50 μg/mL溶液加入包含测试样品的六个孔中的三个。同样,为了产生药物之前+ec+抑制剂条件,将25 μL 依库丽单抗 的50 μg/mL溶液加入包含药物之前+ec样品的六个孔中的三个。如上所述,将25 μL包含2 μg/mL 的(ⅰ)偶联至生物素的依库丽单抗和(ii)依库丽单抗-TAG中的每一种的溶液加入板的每个孔中。添加之后,将板密封,避光,并在室温下振荡孵育18小时。孵育之后,将25 μL等份的链霉亲和素包被的DynaBeads的0.5 mg/mL溶液加入板的每个孔中。再次将板密封,避光,并在室温下振荡孵育3小时。孵育之后,将包含磷酸盐缓冲盐水中1%牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和0.5%Tween-20的150 mL缓冲液加入每个孔中。用BioVeris M-384 Detection System (Roche)测定从板的每个孔产生的光发射。
为了测定测试样品是否是阳性的(即,样品包含人抗-依库丽单抗抗体),如下评价来自孔的组中每一个的平均光发射。首先,将比值A确定为从包含药物之前+ec样品的孔产生的平均光发射除以从包含药物之前+ec+抑制剂样品的孔产生的平均光发射。比值A表明在抑制剂存在的情况下,背景血清中降低的非特异性信号变化。
接下来,将比值B计算为从包含测试样品的孔产生的平均光发射除以从包含测试+抑制剂样品的孔产生的平均光发射。比值B反映在抑制剂存在的情况下,测试样品中降低的任何光发射变化。
将第三个比值,比值C确定为比值B除以比值A。因此,比值C反映了由于获得测试样品的患者中人抗-依库丽单抗抗体反应的产生而导致的光发射的增加(如果存在增加)。如果比值C小于1.3,测试样品在验证测试中被视为阴性的。如果比值C大于1.3,测试样品被视为对于人抗-依库丽单抗抗体的可能存在是阳性的。
实施例3.检测中和性人抗-依库丽单抗抗体的测试
然后分析在筛选和确证测试(HAHA阳性的测试样品)中被认为是阳性的测试样品以确定存在于测试样品中的人抗-依库丽单抗抗体是否能够中和依库丽单抗。
为了准备用于检测的样品,还测定药物之前样品和HAHA阳性测试样品中补体组分C5的量。用该结果来确定加入药物之前或HAHA阳性测试样品而使它们的C5浓度相同的C5的量。测定HAHA阳性测试样品中依库丽单抗的量。将确定量的依库丽单抗加入对应的均一化的药物之前样品以产生药物之前+ec 样品(predrug+ec sample)。
为了准备测试板,将150 μL封闭缓冲液[磷酸盐缓冲盐水中的3%BSA]加入链霉亲和素包被的96孔测试板的每个孔中。将板密封并在室温下振荡孵育1小时。孵育之后,去除每个孔的内容物并用150 μL洗涤缓冲液[磷酸盐缓冲盐水中的0.05% Tween-20]将孔洗涤三次。最终洗涤后,去除缓冲液并将25 μL包含偶联于生物素的依库丽单抗 的1 μg/mL溶液加入每个孔。将板密封并在37℃暗处振荡孵育3小时。孵育之后,去除孔的内容物并用洗涤缓冲液将孔洗涤三次。
将孔洗涤之后,将25 μL测试样品(2% v/v)加入板的3个孔中。相似地,将25 μL药物之前+ec样品(2% v/v)加入测试板的3个孔中。此外,还制备一系列阳性对照标准溶液,将25 μL标准品加入板的一组孔中,该标准品包含不同的预先确定量(50、25、10、5、2和0 ng/mL)的已知结合并中和依库丽单抗的抗体。再次将板密封并在37℃暗处振荡孵育1小时。孵育之后,去除孔的内容物,在不洗涤的情况下将25 μL偶联于钌的C5的250 ng/mL溶液加入每个孔。然后将板密封并在室温下振荡孵育1小时。孵育之后,用150 μL洗涤缓冲液将板洗涤三次。接下来,将150 μL 2X Read Buffer T (包含表面活性剂; MSD?,目录号R92TC-1)加入每个孔。用MSD? Workbench Software 及MSD? Sector Imager 2400测定从板的每个孔产生的光发射。
为了分析数据,进行以下计算。将从包含药物之前+ec样品的孔产生的平均光发射除以从包含HAHA阳性的测试样品的孔产生的平均光发射。获得的数值,如果小于1.3,被视为表明测试样品中的HAHA反应是非中和性的。大于1.3的数值表明,HAHA阳性的测试样品可能包含中和性的抗-依库丽单抗抗体。进一步分析对于HAHA阳性的测试样品的数据以确定患者样品中存在的抗-依库丽单抗抗体的中和程度,或依库丽单抗结合活性的“%抑制”。%抑制被计算为100% - [(用其中不存在抗-依库丽单抗抗体的样品在Nab测试中获得的信号)/(用包含一种或多种抗-依库丽单抗抗体的验证测试阳性的样品在Nab测试中获得的信号)]×100。在该分析中的截止值为23%,等于或高于该值代表有意义的%信号抑制。
实施例4. 人患者中的低水平的免疫原性
在临床研究中,以每周600 mg持续4周,一周以后900 mg,自此以后随后每两周900 mg的维持剂量的剂量将依库丽单抗静脉内施用于人患者。每位患者在2.5年接受至少68个治疗剂量的依库丽单抗。许多患者在至少5年接受治疗浓度的依库丽单抗(超过130个剂量)。测试来自161位患者的总共793份血清样品以确定患者中是否发生人抗-人抗体(HAHA)反应。49份血清样品在上述筛选测试中被确定为阳性。那49份样品中,20份是在施用依库丽单抗之前获得的患者样品(药物之前样品),在施用依库丽单抗之后从患者获得29份样品(药物之后样品)。仅仅在药物之后样品上进行验证测试。
用上述验证测试检测29份药物之后样品中的七(7)份是阳性的(验证测试阳性样品),这表明抗-依库丽单抗抗体可能存在于这7份样品中。
验证测试阳性的样品连同对应于确证测试阳性的样品的药物之前样品经受上述中和性抗体测试(Nab测试)。如上所述,用依库丽单抗和补体组分C5补充药物之前样品到药物之后对应样品中测定的浓度。
仅仅三(3)份验证测试阳性的样品在Nab测试中被测定具有略高于截止值的 “%抑制水平”值。(三份样品中的一份从第一位患者获得,其它两份样品从第二位患者获得。) 对于三份样品的“%抑制”值分别被确定为25.7%、27.5%和36.2%。值得注意的是,样品中存在的低水平的抗-依库丽单抗抗体没有影响抗体的药代动力学(PK)和药效动力学(PD)特征。
这些数据表明,依库丽单抗抗体,当以治疗剂量长期施用于人患者时,通常是弱免疫原性的,在免疫原性测试中可检测到抗-依库丽单抗抗体反应的少数患者(161位患者中的2位)中,该反应没有中和抗体的治疗效率。
实施例5. 使用此处所述的支架以产生新的人源化治疗性抗体
鼠抗-人C5a抗体的可变区经受人源化。鼠轻链和重链可变区的氨基酸序列示于下面表6中。
表6. 鼠抗-C5a抗体的氨基酸序列
表中的“SIN”指“SEQ ID NO.”
*根据组合的Kabat-Chothia定义(同上)定义的CDR氨基酸序列。
采用常规的分子生物学方法将小鼠抗体CDR嫁接到人种系框架支架上。通过用天冬酰胺替换重链的CDR2中的丝氨酸残基从而去除潜在的糖基化位点而进行额外的人源化。人源化的抗-人C5a抗体的氨基酸序列列于表7中。
表7. 人源化的抗-C5a抗体的氨基酸序列
表中的“SIN”指“SEQ ID NO.”
*根据组合的Kabat-Chothia定义(同上)定义的CDR氨基酸序列。
粗体的是与依库丽单抗的对应的FR4区不同的轻链和重链框架区4个氨基酸。
如表7中所示,人源化的抗-C5a抗体包含依库丽单抗抗体的轻链框架区1(SEQ ID NO:9)、2(SEQ ID NO:10)和3(SEQ ID NO:11)和依库丽单抗抗体的重链框架区1(SEQ ID NO:17)、2(SEQ ID NO:14)和3(SEQ ID NO:15),所有这些都根据Kabat-Chothia定义而定义。见,上面的表1和2。轻链框架4(LFR4)与依库丽单抗的LFR4的不同在于一个氨基酸(上面表7中以粗体显示)。同样,重链框架4(HFR4)与依库丽单抗的HFR4的不同在于一个氨基酸(上面表7中也以粗体显示)。
对人源化抗体进行BIAcore分析以定量其对于人C5a的亲和力,部分用于确定人源化是否影响抗体对于其抗原的结合亲和力。见,例如,Karlsson和Larsson (2004) Methods Mol Biol 248:389-415。简而言之,用捕获技术以3-4个浓度的人C5a(抗原)筛选人源化抗体。通过直接固定在CM5传感器芯片上的抗-Fc(人)抗体用范围为0.6 nM-5.9 nM的各种浓度的人C5a通过传感器芯片表面而捕获抗体。每个循环后,用20mM HCl, 0.02% P20再生表面以去除结合的抗体和抗原。使用Biacore BIAevaluation软件并用1:1 Langmuir Model Fit (Rmax:Global Fit; RI:Local Fit)评价数据。从拟合获得动力学信息如ka(结合速率常数)、kd(解离速率常数)和KD(平衡解离常数)。分析的结果如下:ka ≈1.93 x 106 M-1s-1;kd ≈ 5.76 x 10-4 s-1;和KD ≈ 2.98 x 10-10 M。在类似条件下,鼠抗-C5a抗体对应物以下列参数结合人C5a:ka ≈ 2.76 x 106 M-1s-1;kd ≈ 1.41 x 10-4 s-1;和KD ≈ 5.12 x 10-10 M。这些数据表明,鼠抗体的人源化改进了抗体对于人C5a的结合亲和力(5.12 x 10-10 M至2.98 x 10-10 M的KD)。用于测试人源化抗体的与供体抗体相比在人中免疫原性降低的方法是本领域中已知的并在此处描述。
这些结果在最低限度表明,此处所述的依库丽单抗框架区可以用于在不会不利地影响抗体对于它们的同源抗原的亲和力的情况下将其它非人抗体人源化。
尽管通过本发明的具体实施方案描述了本发明,本领域技术人员应当理解的是,可以在不脱离本发明的真正精神和公开的范围的情况下进行各种改变并以等同物取代。此外,可以进行许多修改以便使具体情况、材料、物质的组成、方法、方法步骤或步骤适应本公开的精神和范围。所有这种修改意在本公开的范围内。
序列表
<110> ROTHER, Russell P.
<120> 在人中具有降低的免疫原性的抗体
<130> ALXN-155-WO1
<140>
<141> 2011-04-29
<150> 60/330,261
<151> 2010-04-30
<160> 45
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
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<213> I.23轻链框架区2的氨基酸序列(Kabat)
<400> 18
Trp Tyr Gln Arg Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr
1 5 10 15
<210> 19
<211> 30
<212> PRT
<213> H20C3重链框架区1的氨基酸序列(Kabat)
<400> 19
Gln Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr
20 25 30
<210> 20
<211> 25
<212> PRT
<213> 依库丽单抗轻链框架区1的氨基酸序列(Chothia)
<400> 20
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Gly Ala
20 25
<210> 21
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 依库丽单抗轻链框架区2的氨基酸序列(Chothia)
<400> 21
Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
1 5 10 15
Tyr
<210> 22
<211> 38
<212> PRT
<213> 依库丽单抗轻链框架区3的氨基酸序列(Chothia)
<400> 22
Asn Leu Ala Asp Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly
1 5 10 15
Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro Glu Asp Phe Ala
20 25 30
Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Asn
35
<210> 23
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 依库丽单抗轻链框架区4的氨基酸序列(Chothia)和I.23轻链框架区4的氨基酸序列(Chothia)
<400> 23
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys
1 5 10
<210> 24
<211> 25
<212> PRT
<213> I.23轻链框架区4的氨基酸序列(Chothia)
<400> 24
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala
20 25
<210> 25
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> I.23轻链框架区2的氨基酸序列(Chothia)
<400> 25
Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Arg Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile
1 5 10 15
Tyr
<210> 26
<211> 38
<212> PRT
<213> I.23轻链框架区3的氨基酸序列(Chothia)
<400> 26
Ser Leu Gln Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly
1 5 10 15
Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro Glu Asp Phe Ala
20 25 30
Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln
35
<210> 27
<211> 20
<212> PRT
<213> 依库丽单抗重链框架区2的氨基酸序列(Chothia)
<400> 27
Trp Ile Gln Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Met
1 5 10 15
Gly Glu Ile Leu
20
<210> 28
<211> 43
<212> PRT
<213> 依库丽单抗重链框架区3的氨基酸序列(Chothia)
<400> 28
Ser Thr Glu Tyr Thr Glu Asn Phe Lys Asp Arg Val Thr Met Thr Arg
1 5 10 15
Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Val Tyr Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser
20 25 30
Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Arg Tyr
35 40
<210> 29
<211> 12
<212> PRT
<213> 依库丽单抗重链框架区4的氨基酸序列(Chothia)
<400> 29
Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser
1 5 10
<210> 30
<211> 20
<212> PRT
<213> H20C3重链框架区2的氨基酸序列(Chothia)
<400> 30
Tyr Ile His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Met
1 5 10 15
Gly Ile Ile Asn
20
<210> 31
<211> 43
<212> PRT
<213> H20C3重链框架区3的氨基酸序列(Chothia)
<400> 31
Ser Thr Asn Tyr Ala Gln Lys Phe Gln Gly Arg Val Thr Met Thr Arg
1 5 10 15
Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Val Tyr Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser
20 25 30
Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Arg Ala
35 40
<210> 32
<211> 12
<212> PRT
<213> H20C3重链框架区4的氨基酸序列(Chothia)
<400> 32
Ser Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser
1 5 10
<210> 33
<211> 112
<212> PRT
<213> 抗-人C5a抗体的鼠轻链可变区的氨基酸序列
<400> 33
Asp Ile Val Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Leu Gly
1 5 10 15
Gln Arg Ala Thr Ile Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Glu Ser Val Asp Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Gly Asn Ser Phe Met His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Pro Pro
35 40 45
Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr Arg Ala Ser Asn Leu Glu Ser Gly Ile Pro Ala
50 55 60
Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Arg Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Asn
65 70 75 80
Pro Val Glu Ala Asp Asp Val Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn
85 90 95
Glu Asp Pro Tyr Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys Arg
100 105 110
<210> 34
<211> 15
<212> PRT
<213> 鼠抗-C5a抗体的轻链CDR1的氨基酸序列(组合的Kabat-Chothia定义)
<400> 34
Arg Ala Ser Glu Ser Val Asp Ser Tyr Gly Asn Ser Phe Met His
1 5 10 15
<210> 35
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 鼠抗-C5a抗体的轻链CDR2的氨基酸序列(组合的Kabat-Chothia定义)
<400> 35
Arg Ala Ser Asn Leu Glu Ser
1 5
<210> 36
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 鼠抗-C5a抗体的轻链CDR3的氨基酸序列(组合的Kabat-Chothia定义)
<400> 36
Gln Gln Ser Asn Glu Asp Pro Tyr Thr
1 5
<210> 37
<211> 121
<212> PRT
<213> 抗-人C5a抗体的鼠重链可变区的氨基酸序列
<400> 37
Glu Val Gln Leu Gln Gln Ser Gly Pro Glu Leu Val Lys Pro Gly Ser
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Ile Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Tyr
20 25 30
Ser Met Asp Trp Val Lys Gln Ser His Gly Lys Ser Leu Glu Trp Ile
35 40 45
Gly Ala Ile Asn Pro Asn Ser Gly Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ser Gln Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Asp Lys Ala Thr Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Ala Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Glu Leu Arg Ser Leu Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Ser Ser Gly Ser Tyr Asp Gly Tyr Tyr Ala Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly
100 105 110
Gln Gly Thr Ser Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115 120
<210> 38
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 鼠抗-C5a抗体的重链CDR1的氨基酸序列(组合的Kabat-Chothia定义)
<400> 38
Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Tyr Ser Met Asp
1 5 10
<210> 39
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 鼠抗-C5a抗体的重链CDR2的氨基酸序列(组合的Kabat-Chothia定义)
<400> 39
Ala Ile Asn Pro Asn Ser Gly Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ser Gln Lys Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Asp
<210> 40
<211> 12
<212> PRT
<213> 鼠抗-C5a抗体的重链CDR3的氨基酸序列(组合的Kabat-Chothia定义)
<400> 40
Ser Gly Ser Tyr Asp Gly Tyr Tyr Ala Met Asp Tyr
1 5 10
<210> 41
<211> 111
<212> PRT
<213> 人源化的抗-人C5a抗体的轻链可变区的氨基酸序列(组合的Kabat-Chothia定义)
<400> 41
Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Glu Ser Val Asp Ser Tyr
20 25 30
Gly Asn Ser Phe Met His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro
35 40 45
Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr Arg Ala Ser Asn Leu Glu Ser Gly Val Pro Ser
50 55 60
Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser
65 70 75 80
Ser Leu Gln Pro Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn
85 90 95
Glu Asp Pro Tyr Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys
100 105 110
<210> 42
<211> 10
<212> PRT
<213> 人源化的抗-C5a抗体的轻链框架区4的氨基酸序列(组合的Kabat-Chothia定义)
<400> 42
Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys
1 5 10
<210> 43
<211> 121
<212> PRT
<213> 人源化的抗-人C5a抗体的重链可变区的氨基酸序列
<400> 43
Gln Val Gln Leu Val Gln Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala
1 5 10 15
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Asp Tyr
20 25 30
Ser Met Asp Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Met
35 40 45
Gly Ala Ile Asn Pro Asn Ser Gly Gly Thr Asn Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe
50 55 60
Lys Asp Arg Val Thr Met Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Thr Ser Thr Val Tyr
65 70 75 80
Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys
85 90 95
Ala Arg Ser Gly Ser Tyr Asp Gly Tyr Tyr Ala Met Asp Tyr Trp Gly
100 105 110
Gln Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser
115 120
<210> 44
<211> 17
<212> PRT
<213> 人源化的抗-C5a抗体的重链CDR2的氨基酸序列(组合的Kabat-Chothia定义)
<400> 44
Ala Ile Asn Pro Asn Ser Gly Gly Thr Asn Tyr Asn Gln Lys Phe Lys
1 5 10 15
Asp
<210> 45
<211> 11
<212> PRT
<213> 人源化的抗-C5a抗体的重链框架区4的氨基酸序列(组合的Kabat-Chothia定义)
<400> 45
Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser
1 5 10
Claims (8)
1.抗体或其抗原结合部分,其结合人C5a,其中所述抗体包含:
(a)重链,所述重链包含(i)SEQ ID NO: 38所述的CDR1序列;(ii)SEQ ID NO: 44所述的CDR2序列;和(iii)SEQ ID NO: 40所述的CDR3序列;和
(b)轻链,所述轻链包含(i)SEQ ID NO: 34所述的CDR1序列;(ii)SEQ ID NO: 35所述的CDR2序列;和(iii)SEQ ID NO: 36所述的CDR3序列。
2.权利要求1的抗体或其抗原结合部分,其中:
(a)所述重链进一步包含(i)SEQ ID NO: 17所述的FR1序列;(ii)SEQ ID NO: 14所述的FR2序列;SEQ ID NO: 15所述的FR3序列;和SEQ ID NO: 45所述的FR4序列;
(b)所述轻链进一步包含(i)SEQ ID NO: 9所述的FR1序列;(ii)SEQ ID NO: 10所述的FR2序列;SEQ ID NO: 11所述的FR3序列;和SEQ ID NO: 42所述的FR4序列。
3.权利要求1的抗体或其抗原结合部分,其中所述重链包含SEQ ID NO: 43所述的氨基酸序列,且所述轻链包含SEQ ID NO: 41所述的氨基酸序列。
4.权利要求1-3中任一项的抗体或其抗原结合部分,其中所述抗体或其抗原结合部分以至少109 M-1的Ka结合人C5a。
5.权利要求1-4中任一项的抗体,其中所述抗体的Fc部分选自IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgA、IgM、IgE或IgD。
6.权利要求1-5中任一项的抗体,其中所述抗原结合片段选自单链抗体、单链Fv片段、Fd片段、Fab片段、Fab'片段和F(ab’)2片段。
7.权利要求1-6中任一项的抗体,其中所述重链包含G2/G4杂合恒定区。
8.权利要求1-7中任一项的抗体,其中所述重链包含恒定区,所述恒定区包含SEQ ID NO: 6所述的氨基酸序列。
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CN2011800316723A Division CN103108885A (zh) | 2010-04-30 | 2011-04-29 | 在人中具有降低的免疫原性的抗体 |
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CN2011800316723A Pending CN103108885A (zh) | 2010-04-30 | 2011-04-29 | 在人中具有降低的免疫原性的抗体 |
CN201410537722.0A Pending CN104402997A (zh) | 2010-04-30 | 2011-04-29 | 在人中具有降低的免疫原性的抗体 |
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EP (1) | EP2563812A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2013531476A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20130098161A (zh) |
CN (2) | CN103108885A (zh) |
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CA (1) | CA2798120A1 (zh) |
CO (1) | CO6660464A2 (zh) |
EA (1) | EA201291133A1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL222691A0 (zh) |
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EP2563812A1 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
CA2798120A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
JP2013531476A (ja) | 2013-08-08 |
BR112012027917A2 (pt) | 2017-11-28 |
IL222691A0 (en) | 2012-12-31 |
WO2011137362A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
SG185107A1 (en) | 2012-12-28 |
EA201291133A1 (ru) | 2013-04-30 |
EP2563812A4 (en) | 2016-01-13 |
MX2012012689A (es) | 2013-12-16 |
US20140206849A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
CO6660464A2 (es) | 2013-04-30 |
KR20130098161A (ko) | 2013-09-04 |
CN103108885A (zh) | 2013-05-15 |
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