CN104399591B - Method and device for separating pyrolysis carbon black and ash content of tire - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method and device for separating tire pyrolysis carbon black and ash. After the separation, the ash content in the carbon black can be controlled below 1%. The technical solution is to crush tire pyrolysis carbon black particles, control the particle size below 15 μm to separate the carbon black from the ash, and use the difference in specific resistance between the carbon particles and the inorganic ash to achieve effective static electricity in the state of suspension carried by the airflow. sorting. The invented carbon black and ash separation device is mainly composed of a crushing chamber, an electrostatic separation chamber and a dust collecting bag. In the crushing chamber, copper powder is used as the crushing medium and charging strengthening medium to improve the subsequent electrostatic separation efficiency; the electrode plate in the electric separation chamber is a circular structure, driven by the rotating air flow, the contact between the charged particles and the electrode plate is sufficient, The separation efficiency is high, and the carbon black particles after releasing the charge are quickly taken away by the airflow, which can effectively avoid the secondary mixing with the ash. The device operates continuously, has large processing capacity and high separation efficiency.

Description

Method and device for separating tire pyrolysis carbon black and ash

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste tire pyrolysis carbon black treatment, in particular to a method and device for separating tire pyrolysis carbon black and ash.

Background technique

Pyrolytic carbon black is the key product of waste tire pyrolysis, its quality and market application value directly restrict the economy of waste tire pyrolysis process. However, because waste tire pyrolysis carbon black contains recycled carbon black fillers, inorganic ash (such as ZnO and ZnS, etc.) and carbonaceous deposits generated during pyrolysis, its surface activity is poor and its commercial value is very low, making it Practical applications are greatly limited.

Usually, the ash content in carbon black prepared by direct pyrolysis of waste tires is about 20%, and the process of separating ash from carbon black is relatively difficult. Untreated pyrolytic carbon black can only be used as a reinforcing filler for low-grade rubber products or directly as a fuel. Most of the inorganic matter in the ash will also have an adverse effect on the practical application of pyrolytic carbon black. Therefore, a reasonable method must be adopted to reduce the ash content in pyrolytic carbon black, so that its performance is equivalent to that of commercial carbon black, or to make some properties better, or to discover new high added value, so as to make the best use of renewable resources. Use to maximize the regeneration value.

At present, the chemical method of pickling is mostly used to separate carbon black and ash, but its economy is poor.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and device for separating pyrolytic carbon black and ash from tires. The high-ash carbon black particles are crushed to separate carbon black from ash. The difference in specific resistance between them enables effective electrostatic separation in the state of suspension carried by the airflow. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:

The invention provides a tire pyrolysis carbon black and ash separation device, which is characterized in that the carbon black and ash separation device is mainly composed of a crushing chamber, an electrostatic separation chamber, a fan and a dust collection bag. The outlet of the crushing chamber is connected with the inlet of the electrostatic separation chamber, and the outlet of the electrostatic separation chamber is connected with the dust bag through the fan. The top of the crushing chamber has a material inlet and a material outlet, and the outlet is provided with a corona electrode connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage DC power supply; the lower part of the crushing chamber is provided with an air inlet in the tangential direction; the crushing chamber is equipped with a main shaft connected to the motor. There is a crushing cylinder connected to the main shaft, and a certain amount of copper particles are filled in the cylinder, and there are many round holes in the upper part of the crushing cylinder. The inner wall of the lower part of the crushing tube is equipped with multiple layers of crushing teeth, and the crushing teeth of each layer are arranged in a staggered manner; the main shaft of the lower part of the crushing tube is equipped with 3-6 layers of moving blades; the side inclination angle of the crushing tube is 45°~60°; The opening ratio of the circular holes on the side of the crushing cylinder is 10% to 30%, and the diameter of the circular holes is between 2 and 4mm; the filling volume of copper particles in the crushing cylinder accounts for 10% to 15% of the volume of the cylinder;

The electrostatic separation chamber is cylindrical and consists of inner, middle and outer layers. The upper part of the outer layer is provided with an air powder mixture inlet in the tangential direction, and the bottom is provided with an ash outlet; the middle layer is connected to the positive electrode of high-voltage direct current, and the bottom of the middle layer is equipped with a The blowing device; the bottom of the inner layer is the outlet of the air powder mixture, and the top is connected to the fan through a pipe; the insulating material is filled between the outer layer and the middle layer of the electrostatic separation;

The present invention also provides a method for tire pyrolysis carbon black and ash separation, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

(1) After the tire pyrolysis product carbon black is crushed in the crushing chamber, the particle size is controlled below 15 μm to achieve sufficient separation of carbon black and ash;

(2) Under the action of air flow, the mixture of carbon black and ash enters the corona discharge area, making the particles negatively charged;

(3) The negatively charged carbon black and ash mixture enters the electrostatic separation chamber driven by the airflow, fully contacts with the positively charged plate under the action of the rotating airflow, and adheres to the surface of the plate;

(4) The carbon black particles with strong conductivity will quickly release the charge, become the same as the plate, and then repel each other, return to the airflow, and enter the bag dust collector with the airflow; After the plate is not easy to release its charge, it is attached to the surface of the plate and can be separated from the plate through plate vibration, so as to realize the separation of carbon black particles and ash.

Compared with prior art, advantage and positive effect of the present invention are:

(1) Use the difference in specific resistance between carbon black particles and inorganic ash for sorting, which greatly reduces the production cost compared with the traditional chemical method of carbon black deashing;

(2) The crushing and particle charging process of carbon black and ash are realized simultaneously in the crushing chamber, the equipment structure is compact, the investment is low, the whole process has continuous production, large processing capacity and high separation efficiency;

(3) Copper powder is used as the crushing medium and charging medium. On the one hand, the crushing efficiency is improved, and on the other hand, the surface charge of the particles is increased, which improves the subsequent electrostatic separation efficiency, and the copper powder does not enter the electrostatic separation chamber, which can be continuously use;

(4) The electrode plate in the electrostatic separation chamber has a circular structure, the contact between the charged particles and the electrode plate is sufficient, and the separation efficiency is high;

(5) And the carbon black particles after the charge is released are quickly taken away by the airflow, and the carbon black particles and ash are collected in the electrostatic separation chamber and the dust bag respectively, which can effectively avoid the secondary mixing of the two.

Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become clearer after reading the detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a tire pyrolysis carbon black and ash separation device.

detailed description

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a device for producing low-ash and low-sulfur carbon black by pyrolysis of waste tires, which mainly consists of a crushing chamber 1 , an electrostatic separation chamber 2 , a fan 3 and a dust-collecting bag 4 . The outlet 1-1 of the crushing chamber 1 is connected with the inlet 2-4 of the electrostatic separation chamber 2, and the outlet 2-7 of the electrostatic separation chamber is connected with the dust collecting bag 4 through the fan 3. The top of the crushing chamber 1 is provided with an inlet 1-2 and an outlet 1-1, and the outlet 1-1 is provided with a corona electrode 1-3 connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage DC power supply; There are air inlets 1-4; the crushing chamber 1 is equipped with a main shaft 1-5 connected to the motor, and a crushing cylinder 1-6 is connected to the main shaft 1-5, and a certain amount of copper particles are added in the crushing chamber 1-6. The upper part is provided with a plurality of circular holes 1-7. The inner wall of the lower part of the crushing cylinder 1-6 is equipped with multi-layer crushing teeth 1-8, and the crushing teeth of each layer are arranged in a staggered manner; the main shaft 1-5 of the lower part of the crushing cylinder 1-6 is equipped with 3-6 layers of movable blades 1-9 The side inclination angle α of the crushing cylinder is 45°~60°; the opening rate of the round holes 1-7 on the side of the crushing barrel is 10%~30%, and the diameter of the round holes 1-7 is between 2~4mm; The filling volume of copper particles in the crushing cylinder 1-6 accounts for 10%~15% of the cylinder volume;

The electrostatic separation chamber 2 is cylindrical and consists of three layers: inner 2-1, middle 2-2, and outer 2-3. The upper part of the outer layer 2-3 is provided with an air powder mixture inlet 2-4 in the tangential direction, and the bottom is provided with The ash outlet 2-5; the middle layer 2-2 is connected to the positive pole of the high-voltage direct current, and the bottom of the middle layer 2-2 is provided with a rapping device 2-6; The fan 3 is connected; the electrostatic separation chamber 2 is filled with insulating material between the middle layer 2-2 and the outer layer 2-3;

The present invention also provides a method for separating tire pyrolytic carbon black and ash based on electrostatic separation, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

(1) After the tire pyrolysis product carbon black is crushed in the crushing chamber, the particle size is controlled below 10 μm to achieve sufficient separation of carbon black and ash;

(2) Under the action of air flow, the mixture of carbon black and ash enters the corona discharge area, making the particles negatively charged;

(3) The negatively charged carbon black and ash mixture enters the electrostatic separation chamber driven by the airflow, fully contacts with the positively charged plate under the action of the rotating airflow, and adheres to the surface of the plate;

(4) The carbon black particles with strong conductivity will quickly release the charge, become the same as the plate, and then repel each other, return to the airflow, and enter the bag dust collector with the airflow; After the plate is not easy to release its charge, it is attached to the surface of the plate and can be separated from the plate through plate vibration, so as to realize the separation of carbon black particles and ash. After separation, the ash content in carbon black is 0.6%.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art can still understand the foregoing embodiments. The recorded technical solutions are modified, or some of the technical features are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a tire pyrolysis carbon black and the device of ash separation, it is characterised in that: device is mainly made up of crushing chamber, electrostatic separation room, blower fan and dust cloth bag；Crushing chamber outlet is connected with the import of electrostatic separation room, and the outlet of electrostatic separation room is connected by blower fan with dust cloth bag；Crushing chamber top has charging aperture and discharging opening, and discharge outlet is provided with the corona electrode being connected with high-voltage DC power supply negative pole；Crushing chamber bottom tangential direction is provided with air inlet；Being provided with the main shaft being connected with motor in crushing chamber, main shaft is connected with one and crushes cylinder, dose a certain amount of shot copper in cylinder, broken cylinder middle and upper part has multiple circular hole；Described broken cylinder lower inner wall is equipped with multilamellar crushing teeth, and every layer of interlaced arrangement of broken between cog；Equipped with 3-6 layer cutting blade on the main shaft of broken cylinder bottom.

Tire pyrolysis carbon black the most according to claim 1 and the device of ash separation, it is characterised in that: inclination angle, described broken cylinder side is 45 °-60 °.

Tire pyrolysis carbon black the most according to claim 1 and the device of ash separation, it is characterised in that: described broken cylinder side circular hole percent opening is 10% ~ 30%, and Circularhole diameter is between 2 ~ 4mm.

Tire pyrolysis carbon black the most according to claim 1 and the device of ash separation, it is characterised in that: in described broken cylinder, shot copper packing volume accounts for the 10% ~ 15% of cylinder volume.

Tire pyrolysis carbon black the most according to claim 1 and the device of ash separation, it is characterised in that: described electrostatic separation room is cylindrical by up of three layers interior, domestic and abroad, and outer layer top tangential direction is provided with wind powder mixture import, and bottom is provided with ash outlet；Middle level is connected with the positive pole of high voltage direct current, is provided with rapping apparatus bottom middle level；Exporting for wind powder mixture bottom internal layer, top is connected with blower fan by pipeline.

Tire pyrolysis carbon black the most according to claim 1 and the device of ash separation, it is characterised in that: it is filled with insulant between described electrostatic separation outdoor layer and middle level.

7. utilize the method that the device described in claim 1 carries out tire pyrolysis carbon black and ash separation, it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps:

(1) tire pyrolysis product carbon black in crushing chamber after crushing, make grain diameter control below 15 μm by regulation fan delivery, to realize being sufficiently separated of carbon black and ash；

(2) under the effect of air-flow, wind powder (carbon black and ash) mixture enters corona discharge region, makes granule with negative charge；

(3) carbon black with negative charge enters electricity separation chamber with ash mixture, is fully contacted with the pole plate with positive electricity, and is attached to polar board surface under the effect of swirling eddy；

(4) carbon black granules that electric conductivity is strong can discharge rapidly institute electrically charged, become and the pole plate same sex, the most mutually exclusive, return to air-flow, with air-flow enter cloth dust collector；And the ash particles bigger than resistance is difficult to discharge its electric charge after arriving pole plate, it is attached to polar board surface, can be separated with pole plate by pole plate concussion, thus realize carbon black granules and separate with ash.