CN104385613A - Rapid forming system and method for continuous long-fiber reinforced composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid prototyping system and method for continuous long fiber reinforced composite materials, comprising a material box containing continuous long fibers, a guiding device for pulling long fibers, a resin pool for preparing resin-based fiber composite materials, A 3D printing system for making resin-based fiber composite materials into structural parts, a light source and a control system for controlling each component. The material box, the guiding device and the resin pool are provided with several groups correspondingly. The long fibers are wound into rolls Sealed in the material box; the long fiber reinforced composite material is obtained by continuously impregnating the long fiber with resin material, and then cured and formed by the 3D printing system to obtain the long fiber reinforced composite material structural part. The system layout of the present invention is compact, not only simple and fast It realizes the replacement of long fiber and resin materials, and also realizes the synchronous synthesis of various materials in the 3D printing system 3; the overall device is simple and highly automated, and is especially suitable for industrial production.

Description

Rapid Prototyping System and Method for Continuous Long Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of rapid prototyping, and relates to a rapid prototyping system and method for continuous long fiber reinforced composite materials.

Background technique

Stereolithography (SLA) is the earliest practical rapid prototyping technology, which uses liquid photosensitive resin as raw material. After solidifying the surface sequentially, the drawing operation of one layer is completed, and then the lifting platform moves the height of one layer in the vertical direction, and then solidifies another layer. In this way, layers are superimposed to form a three-dimensional entity. Its process has successively gone through the routes of "CAD 3D solid model-model slicing-path planning-laser scanning-superposition molding-development-final curing-sample". Stereolithography technology is mainly used to manufacture a variety of molds, models, etc.; it can also be added to the raw materials by adding other components to replace the wax model in investment precision casting with stereolithography prototype mold. The stereolithography technology has a faster forming speed and higher precision, but due to shrinkage during the curing process of the resin, it will inevitably cause stress or deformation. It is the development trend to develop photosensitive materials with small shrinkage, fast curing and high strength.

Although SLA has 30 years of technological development, due to the strong sense of plastic and poor mechanical properties of the product, the current product is still at the stage of printing a toy and model, and cannot be used in high-performance markets such as aerospace, automotive racing, robots and Applications in medical and other fields. Doping high-strength and high-performance fibers into light-curable resins to make composite materials is expected to improve the performance of light-cured products, which is one of the important directions for the development of SLA additive manufacturing technology. The current fiber 3D printing system usually disperses short fibers into a resin system to make composite materials, and then prepares structural parts by layer-by-layer solidification and molding. This method has low production efficiency and the size of the structural parts is limited by the resin. limited. Therefore, the development of 3D printing technology for continuous long fiber reinforced composites is an inevitable trend.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a rapid prototyping system and method for continuous long fiber reinforced composite materials with strong mechanical properties and simple forming process.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: comprising a material box containing continuous long fibers, a guiding device for drawing long fibers, a resin pool for preparing resin-based fiber composite materials, and a resin pool for compounding resin-based fibers A 3D printing system for making materials into structural parts, a light source and a control system for controlling each component; the control system includes a detection module that is correspondingly arranged in the material box and the resin pool, and a control terminal that receives, processes and outputs the control information of each component ; The material box, the guiding device and the resin pool are provided with several groups correspondingly, and the long fibers are wound into rolls and sealed in the material box.

Further, the guiding device also includes a plurality of guiding rollers for changing the direction of the long fibers.

Further, the resin pool is a light-proof airtight container, in which there is a photocurable resin material; the photocurable resin material is composed of a monomer, a prepolymer, a crosslinking agent, a photoinitiator and a solvent; the main substance and the special Substance classification includes: epoxy acrylate, urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, polyether acrylate, pure acrylate, silicone oligomer, photocurable polybutadiene oligomer and organic-inorganic hybrid resin.

Further, the long fibers in the material box are continuous long fiber filaments or continuous long fiber tapes or continuous long fiber sheets.

Further, the long fibers in the material box are one or more of plant fibers, viscose fibers, animal fibers, mineral fibers, synthetic fibers and inorganic fibers.

Further, the plant fiber includes one or more of cotton, hemp and bamboo; the animal fiber includes one or more of wool and silk; the mineral fiber includes one of silica, alumina and magnesia or several; the synthetic fibers include ester (polyester), polyamide (nylon or nylon), polyvinyl alcohol (vinylon), polyacrylonitrile (acrylic), polypropylene (polypropylene) and polyvinyl chloride (chlorine) One or more; one or more of the inorganic fiber glass, metal and carbon fiber.

The present invention also discloses a rapid prototyping method using the continuous long fiber reinforced composite material rapid prototyping system, which mainly includes the following steps:

(1) Establish the geometric model of the three-dimensional structure, slice and layer the geometric model, and transmit the data information to the 3D printing system;

(2) Set the walking path of the guiding device;

(3) The control terminal outputs a control signal, and the guiding device pulls the long fiber out of the material box. When passing through the resin pool, the long fiber is infiltrated with light-curable resin or thermosetting resin, and the guiding device will The composite material is fed into the print head in the 3D printing system;

(4) Under the traction of the print head, the resin-based fiber composite material is laid in sections according to the model slices. After the laying is completed, the sections are light-cured to form a thin-layer section; layer-by-layer stacking and curing, and post-cleaning treatment to obtain the final structural parts .

Further, step (5) is further included, and the obtained structural member is further thermally cured.

Further, in the step (4), the photocuring of the cross-section and the laying of the cross-section are carried out simultaneously.

Further, the light source for photocuring is laser or ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 400-190nm.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) Realized the moldless manufacturing of continuous long fiber composite materials, greatly reducing the production period and cost;

(2) Several sets of material boxes, guiding devices and resin pools can be set correspondingly, which can not only realize the renewal and replacement of long fibers and resin materials simply and quickly, but also realize the synchronous synthesis of various materials in the 3D printing system;

(3) The conveying process is continuous and compact, the airtightness of the equipment is good, and the mechanical properties of the obtained composite material are good;

(4) Each component is equipped with detection and control equipment, which realizes real-time monitoring of raw material status, has a high degree of automation, reduces the number of staff, and is especially suitable for industrial production.

Description of drawings

In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the present invention clearer, the present invention provides the following drawings for illustration:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system deformation of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in the figure, the rapid prototyping system of continuous long fiber reinforced composite material according to the present invention includes a material box 1 equipped with continuous long fiber, a guiding device for pulling long fiber, and a tool for preparing resin-based fiber composite material. Resin pool 2, a 3D printing system 3 for making resin-based fiber composite materials into structural parts 7, a light source 8, and a control system 4 for controlling each component; The detection module inside and the control terminal 4 that receives, processes and outputs the control information of each component; the material box 1, the guiding device and the resin pool 2 are provided with several groups correspondingly, and the long fibers are wound into rolls and sealed in the material box 1 Medium; Classified storage and synthesis of different long fibers and resin materials, not only simple and fast replacement of long fibers and resin materials, synchronous synthesis of multiple materials in the 3D printing system, but also the realization of moldless structural parts Manufacturing, especially suitable for the preparation of ultra-light and high-strength structural parts.

In this embodiment, two groups of material boxes 1, guiding devices and resin pools 2 are arranged in parallel, long fibers of different materials are housed in the two material boxes 1, resin materials with different components are housed in the two resin pools, two The long fibers are respectively drawn into the respective corresponding resin pools 2 through the corresponding guide devices, and then sent into the 3D printing system 3 by the guide devices for curing and molding. The number of pool 2 is adjusted.

The structure of this system also has a second deformation form. As shown in Figure 2, the resin pool 2 is integrated on the print head 6. This structure can reduce the transmission distance of the fiber after infiltration, and avoid the impact of the resin on the equipment and the environment during the transmission process. pollution, more suitable for some demanding environments.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the guiding device further includes a plurality of guide rollers 5 for reversing the long fibers, which facilitates the pulling, guiding and reversing of the long fibers.

In this embodiment, the resin pool 2 is a light-proof airtight container, in which a resin material is provided; the resin resin material is composed of a monomer, a prepolymer, a crosslinking agent, a photoinitiator and a solvent; the main substance And special substance classification includes: epoxy acrylate, urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, polyether acrylate, pure acrylate, silicone oligomer, photocurable polybutadiene oligomer and organic-inorganic hybrid Resin, can be adjusted according to specific requirements.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the long fibers in the material box 1 are continuous long fiber filaments or continuous long fiber tapes or continuous long fiber sheets, and this embodiment uses long fiber filaments.

As a further improvement of the above scheme, the long fibers in the material box are one or more of plant fibers, viscose fibers, animal fibers, mineral fibers, synthetic fibers and inorganic fibers; the plant fibers include cotton, hemp and one or more of bamboo; the animal fiber includes one or more of wool and silk; the mineral fiber includes one or more of silica, alumina and magnesia; the synthetic fiber includes ester One or more of (polyester), polyamide (nylon or nylon), polyvinyl alcohol (vinylon), polyacrylonitrile (acrylic), polypropylene (propylene) and polyvinyl chloride (chlorine); the inorganic fiber One or more of glass, metal and carbon fiber; the fiber material can be selected (composition, ratio) to improve the mechanical properties of the material.

The rapid prototyping method using long fiber reinforced composite rapid prototyping system mainly includes the following steps:

(1) Establish the geometric model of the three-dimensional structure, slice and layer the geometric model, and transmit the data information to the 3D printing system;

(2) Set the walking path of the guiding device;

(3) The control terminal outputs a control signal, and the guiding device pulls the long fiber out of the material box 1. When passing through the resin pool 2, the long fiber is infiltrated with a light-curable resin or a heat-curable resin to prepare a resin-based fiber composite material and then guide it. The device sends the composite material into the print head 6 in the 3D printing system 3;

(4) The resin-based fiber composite material is laid under the traction of the print head 6 according to the model slices. After the laying is completed, the cross-section is light-cured to form a thin-layer cross-section; layer by layer stacking and curing, and post-cleaning treatment to obtain the final structure Item 7.

(5) The mechanical properties of the structural member 7 can be further improved by thermally curing the obtained structural member 7 .

As a further improvement of the above process, in the step (4), the light curing of the section and the laying of the cut section are carried out simultaneously, which can significantly improve the molding efficiency.

According to the different conditions of the resin material, the light source 8 for photocuring can be laser or ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 400-190nm; in addition, according to the situation of the structural part to be formed, the light source for photocuring can also be a point light source, a line light source or a surface light source. choose between.

Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that it can be described in terms of form and Various changes may be made in the details without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A rapid prototyping system for continuous long fiber reinforced composites, characterized in that: comprising a material box with continuous long fibers, a guiding device for pulling long fibers, a resin pool for preparing resin-based fiber composites, A 3D printing system for making resin-based fiber composite materials into structural parts, a light source, and a control system for controlling each component; the control system includes a detection module that is correspondingly arranged in the material box and the resin pool, and receives, processes, and outputs each component. The control terminal of the component control information; the material box, the guide device and the resin pool are provided with several groups correspondingly, and the long fiber is wound into a roll and sealed in the material box. 2. The rapid prototyping system for continuous long fiber reinforced composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: the guiding device further comprises a plurality of guide rollers for reversing the direction of the long fibers. 3. The rapid prototyping system of continuous long fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the resin pool is a light-proof airtight container, wherein a photocurable resin material is provided; the photocurable resin material is made of Composition of monomers, prepolymers, crosslinking agents, photoinitiators and solvents; the classification of main substances and special substances includes: epoxy acrylate, polyurethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, polyether acrylate, pure acrylate, organic Silicon oligomers, photocurable polybutadiene oligomers and organic-inorganic hybrid resins. 4. The rapid prototyping system for continuous long fiber reinforced composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: the long fibers in the material box are continuous long fiber filaments or continuous long fiber tapes or continuous long fiber sheets. 5. The rapid prototyping system of continuous long fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the long fibers in the material box are plant fibers, viscose fibers, animal fibers, mineral fibers, synthetic fibers and inorganic fibers One or several types of fibers. 6. The rapid prototyping system of continuous long fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: the plant fiber includes one or more of cotton, hemp and bamboo; the animal fiber includes one of wool and silk one or more; the mineral fiber includes one or more of silica, alumina and magnesia; the synthetic fiber includes ester (polyester), polyamide (nylon or nylon), polyvinyl alcohol (vinylon) , one or more of polyacrylonitrile (acrylic fiber), polypropylene (polypropylene fiber) and polyvinyl chloride (chloride fiber); one or more of the inorganic fiber glass, metal and carbon fiber. 7. A rapid prototyping method utilizing the continuous long fiber reinforced composite material rapid prototyping system according to claims 1-6, characterized in that it mainly comprises the following steps: (1) Establish the geometric model of the three-dimensional structure, slice and layer the geometric model, and transmit the data information to the 3D printing system; (2) Set the walking path of the guiding device; (3) The control terminal outputs a control signal, and the guiding device pulls the long fiber out of the material box. When passing through the resin pool, the long fiber is infiltrated with light-curable resin or thermosetting resin, and the guiding device will The composite material is fed into the print head in the 3D printing system; (4) Under the traction of the print head, the resin-based fiber composite material is laid in sections according to the model slices. After the laying is completed, the sections are light-cured to form a thin-layer section; layer-by-layer stacking and curing, and post-cleaning treatment to obtain the final structural parts . 8. The method for rapid prototyping of continuous long fiber reinforced composite materials according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises the step (5) of thermally curing the obtained structural parts. 9. The rapid prototyping method of continuous long fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step (4), the light curing of the section and the laying of the cut section are carried out simultaneously. 10. The rapid prototyping method of continuous long fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that: the light source for photocuring is laser or ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 400-190nm.