CN104384504B - A kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104384504B CN104384504B CN201410594765.2A CN201410594765A CN104384504B CN 104384504 B CN104384504 B CN 104384504B CN 201410594765 A CN201410594765 A CN 201410594765A CN 104384504 B CN104384504 B CN 104384504B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof.This material is made up of the raw material of following weight: copper powder 60-64 part, iron powder 6-10 part, carborundum powder 3-6 part, sulfuration manganese powder 3-6 part, fused alumina zirconia powder 4-7 part, graphite powder 10-14 part, nikel powder 1-4 part, cobalt powder 2-5 part, alumina powder 2-5 part, feldspar in powder 2-5 part, silicon powder 1-4 part.Its preparation method includes: dispensing and batch mixing, compressing, sintering processes and cooling process.The coefficient of friction of the copper based powder metallurgy friction material that the method prepares is high, can quickly absorb kinetic energy, and braking, transmission speed is fast, it is little to wear and tear；Intensity is high, and high temperature resistant, heat conductivity is good；Seizure resistance is good, corrosion-resistant, little by oils and fats, moisture effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite, particularly to a kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Powder metallurgy is to produce metal dust or with metal dust (or mixture of metal dust and non-metal powder) as raw material, through shaping and sintering, produces the industrial technology of metal material, composite and all kinds goods.Powder metallurgy has chemical composition and machinery, the physical property of uniqueness, and these performances are cannot to obtain with traditional casting method.Use PM technique can be directly prepared into porous, half fine and close or full dense material and goods, such as oiliness bearing, gear, cam, guide rod, cutter etc., be a kind of few without Cutting Process.Powder metallurgy, compared with tradition casting method, has the following characteristics that
(1) PM technique can reduce alloying component segregation to greatest extent, eliminates thick, uneven cast sturcture.Preparing high-performance rare-earth permanent magnet material, rare earth hydrogen storage material, rare earth luminescent material, rare earth catalyst, high temperature superconducting materia, new metallic material (such as Al-Li alloy, heat-resisting Al alloy, superalloy, powder corrosion resisting stainless steel, Powder High-speed Steels, intermetallic compound high-temperature structural material etc.) have important effect.
(2) can preparing the non-equilibrium materials of a series of high-performance such as amorphous, crystallite, accurate brilliant, nanocrystalline and supersaturated solid solution, these materials have the electricity of excellence, magnetics, optics and mechanical property.
(3) polytype compound can be easily achieved, give full play to the respective characteristic of each group element material, be the Technology of a kind of low-cost production high-performance metal base and ceramic composite.
(4) material with special construction and performance and goods that common smelting process cannot produce can be produced, such as novel porous biomaterial, porous diffusion barrier material, high performance structure ceramic grinding tool and ceramic material etc..
(5) near-net shaping and automatic batch production can be realized, it is thus possible to be effectively reduced resource and the energy resource consumption of production.
(6) can make full use of Ore, mine tailing, steel-smelting sewage sludge, steel scale of steel rolling, recovery waste metal makes raw material, is a kind of new technique that can effectively carry out material regeneration and comprehensive utilization.
Various advantages due to powder metallurgy, powder metallurgy relevant enterprise has been applicable to the spare and accessory parts in the fields such as automobile industry, equipment manufacture, metal industry, Aero-Space, war industry, instrument and meter, hardware & tools, electronic appliance and has produced and research, related raw material, adjuvant produce, all kinds of powder preparation equipment, agglomerating plant manufacture.Product includes bearing, gear, carbide tool, mould, friction goods etc..In military enterprise, heavy weaponry such as armor-piercing bullet, torpedo etc., the brake assemblage such as aircraft tank is both needed to adopt PM technique to produce.Automobile metal powder sintered parts has become as the maximum market of China's Powder Metallurgy Industry in recent years, and the auto parts and components of about 50% are powder metallurgy parts.
At present, global manufacturing is just being accelerated to shift to China, the fast developments such as automobile industry, machine-building, metal industry, Aero-Space, instrument and meter, hardware & tools, engineering machinery, electronic appliance and high-tech industry, bring rare opportunity to develop and the huge market space for Powder Metallurgy Industry.PM technique possesses the series of advantages such as significantly energy-conservation, province's material, excellent performance, Product Precision height and good stability, is very suitable for producing in enormous quantities.It addition, the material that cannot prepare of part conventional casting methods and machining process and complex parts also available powders metallurgical technology manufacture, thus enjoy the attention of industrial quarters.It addition, powder metallurgy industry is listed in by China first develops and encourage foreign-invested project, development prospect is wide.
After China joined WTO, internationalize gradually in market, and powder metallurgy market will obtain the chance of expansion further；But China's Powder Metallurgy Industry has already been through the high speed development of nearly 10 years, but still suffer from very big gap with the external same industry: most enterprises lack technical support, and research and development ability falls behind, and product specification is low, being difficult to and external competition, technological equipment, auxiliary facility fall behind.Powder metallurgy classification is mainly: powder metallurgy porous material, antifriction material of powder metallurgy, powder metallurgy friction material, powder metallurgy structural parts, powder metallurgy tool die material and powder metallurgy electromagnetic material and powder metallurgy high-temperature material etc..Wherein, that the method for powder metallurgy friction material powder metallurgy is made, there is the metal of great friction coefficient and high-wearing feature and the material of nonmetal composition, also referred to as sintered friction material.This material is generally made up of parent metal (copper, ferrum or its alloy), lubricant component (lead, graphite, molybdenum bisuphide etc.), friction component (silicon dioxide, asbestos etc.) 3 part.Its tissue characteristic is: the various particles with property are evenly distributed in continuous print metallic matrix.Metallic matrix plays good heat conductivity and bears mechanical stress, and equally distributed particle ensures required frictional behaviour.Powder metallurgy friction material can be divided into cuprio and the big class of iron-based two by matrix composition.The ratio iron-based of cuprio have good heat conductivity, corrosion resistance and little abrasion.But the density of its powder metallurgy friction material is less, and the combination property of hardness, comprcssive strength, bending strength, coefficient of friction and wear extent is poor.And China at present about the composition of raw materials of antifriction material of powder metallurgy and sintering process relative to external also in falling behind the stage, thus causing that the physical property of antifriction material of powder metallurgy and processing performance are on the low side.Very big gap is there is also compared with foreign technology.So, wanting to be improved above all deficiencies and weakness, that powder metallurgy and relevant technical merit must be improved and developed.Therefore in the urgent need to find a kind of have density suitably, the copper-base powder metallurgy antifriction material of advantage and preparation method thereof such as the combination property of hardness, comprcssive strength, bending strength, coefficient of friction and wear extent is better.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that prior art exists, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to provide a kind of have density suitably, the copper-base powder metallurgy antifriction material of advantage and preparation method thereof such as the combination property of hardness, comprcssive strength, bending strength, coefficient of friction and wear extent is better.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that, a kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction material, is made up of the raw material of following weight: copper powder 60-64 part, iron powder 6-10 part, carborundum powder 3-6 part, sulfuration manganese powder 3-6 part, fused alumina zirconia powder 4-7 part, graphite powder 10-14 part, nikel powder 1-4 part, cobalt powder 2-5 part, alumina powder 2-5 part, feldspar in powder 2-5 part, silicon powder 1-4 part.
Described copper powder is 350 orders, iron powder to be 300 orders, nikel powder be 250 orders, cobalt powder are 300 orders, alumina powder is 300 orders.
Described carborundum powder, sulfuration manganese powder, fused alumina zirconia powder, graphite powder, feldspar in powder and silicon powder are 60-100 order.
A kind of preparation method of copper based powder metallurgy friction material, the method includes following preparation process:
The first step, dispensing and batch mixing, weigh raw material according to proportioning, by each component powders mix homogeneously；Second step, compressing, compound is pressed into pressed compact, pressing pressure is 4.7T/cm2；3rd step, sintering processes, normal pressure is warming up to 900-910 DEG C and starts insulation, and sintered heat insulating Stress control is 2.2MPa at sintering pressure, keeps pressure state constant temperature 3～3.5h, and sintering process carries out under passing into decomposed ammonia protective condition；4th step, cooling processes, and sintered part is cooled to after below 80 DEG C with 40-50 DEG C per minute in decomposed ammonia and comes out of the stove.
In 3rd step, sintering processes, normal pressure is warming up to 905 DEG C and starts insulation.
In 4th step, cooling processes, and sintered part is cooled to after below 80 DEG C with 45 DEG C per minute in decomposed ammonia and comes out of the stove.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the coefficient of friction of the product that the present invention prepares is high, can quickly absorb kinetic energy, and braking, transmission speed is fast, it is little to wear and tear；Intensity is high, and high temperature resistant, heat conductivity is good；Seizure resistance is good, corrosion-resistant, little by oils and fats, moisture effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction material, is made up of the raw material of following weight: copper powder 60 parts, iron powder 6 parts, carborundum powder 3 parts, sulfuration manganese powder 3 parts, 4 parts of fused alumina zirconia powder, graphite powder 10 parts, nikel powder 1 part, cobalt powder 2 parts, alumina powder 2 parts, feldspar in powder 2 parts, silicon powder 1 part.
Copper powder is 350 orders, iron powder to be 300 orders, nikel powder be 250 orders, cobalt powder are 300 orders, alumina powder is 300 orders.
Carborundum powder, sulfuration manganese powder, fused alumina zirconia powder, graphite powder, feldspar in powder and silicon powder are 60 orders.
Preparation method is as follows:
The first step, dispensing and batch mixing, weigh raw material according to proportioning, by each component powders mix homogeneously；Second step, compressing, compound is pressed into pressed compact, pressing pressure is 4.7T/cm2；3rd step, sintering processes, normal pressure is warming up to 910 DEG C and starts insulation, and sintered heat insulating Stress control is 2.2MPa at sintering pressure, keeps pressure state constant temperature 3h, and sintering process carries out under passing into decomposed ammonia protective condition；4th step, cooling processes, and sintered part is cooled to after below 80 DEG C with 40 DEG C per minute in decomposed ammonia and comes out of the stove.
Through detection, the hardness of the present embodiment product: HRF84；Comprcssive strength: 350MPa；Coefficient of friction 0.340；Density (g/m3)5.45；Wear extent (mm) 0.0050.
Embodiment 2
A kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction material, is made up of the raw material of following weight: copper powder 61 parts, iron powder 7 parts, carborundum powder 4 parts, sulfuration manganese powder 4 parts, 5 parts of fused alumina zirconia powder, graphite powder 11 parts, nikel powder 2 parts, cobalt powder 3 parts, alumina powder 3 parts, feldspar in powder 3 parts, silicon powder 2 parts.
Copper powder is 350 orders, iron powder to be 300 orders, nikel powder be 250 orders, cobalt powder are 300 orders, alumina powder is 300 orders.
Carborundum powder, sulfuration manganese powder, fused alumina zirconia powder, graphite powder, feldspar in powder and silicon powder are 70 orders.
Preparation method is as follows:
The first step, dispensing and batch mixing, weigh raw material according to proportioning, by each component powders mix homogeneously；Second step, compressing, compound is pressed into pressed compact, pressing pressure is 4.7T/cm2；3rd step, sintering processes, normal pressure is warming up to 905 DEG C and starts insulation, and sintered heat insulating Stress control is 2.2MPa at sintering pressure, keeps pressure state constant temperature 3.2h, and sintering process carries out under passing into decomposed ammonia protective condition；4th step, cooling processes, and sintered part is cooled to after below 80 DEG C with 45 DEG C per minute in decomposed ammonia and comes out of the stove.
Through detection, the hardness of the present embodiment product: HRF85；Comprcssive strength: 336MPa；Coefficient of friction 0.330；Density (g/m3)5.46；Wear extent (mm) 0.0045.
Embodiment 3
A kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction material, is made up of the raw material of following weight: copper powder 64 parts, iron powder 6-10 part, carborundum powder 6 parts, sulfuration manganese powder 6 parts, 7 parts of fused alumina zirconia powder, graphite powder 14 parts, nikel powder 4 parts, cobalt powder 5 parts, alumina powder 5 parts, feldspar in powder 5 parts, silicon powder 4 parts.
Copper powder is 350 orders, iron powder to be 300 orders, nikel powder be 250 orders, cobalt powder are 300 orders, alumina powder is 300 orders.
Carborundum powder, sulfuration manganese powder, fused alumina zirconia powder, graphite powder, feldspar in powder and silicon powder are 80 orders.
Preparation method is as follows:
The first step, dispensing and batch mixing, weigh raw material according to proportioning, by each component powders mix homogeneously；Second step, compressing, compound is pressed into pressed compact, pressing pressure is 4.7T/cm2；3rd step, sintering processes, normal pressure is warming up to 910 DEG C and starts insulation, and sintered heat insulating Stress control is 2.2MPa at sintering pressure, keeps pressure state constant temperature 3.5h, and sintering process carries out under passing into decomposed ammonia protective condition；4th step, cooling processes, and sintered part is cooled to after below 80 DEG C with 450 DEG C per minute in decomposed ammonia and comes out of the stove.
Through detection, the hardness of the present embodiment product: HRF88；Comprcssive strength: 366MPa；Coefficient of friction 0.345；Density (g/m3)5.47；Wear extent (mm) 0.0050.
Embodiment 4
A kind of copper based powder metallurgy friction material, is made up of the raw material of following weight: copper powder 63 parts, iron powder 9 parts, carborundum powder 5 parts, sulfuration manganese powder 5 parts, 6 parts of fused alumina zirconia powder, graphite powder 13 parts, nikel powder 4 parts, cobalt powder 4 parts, alumina powder 4 parts, feldspar in powder 4 parts, silicon powder 3 parts.
Copper powder is 350 orders, iron powder to be 300 orders, nikel powder be 250 orders, cobalt powder are 300 orders, alumina powder is 300 orders.
Carborundum powder, sulfuration manganese powder, fused alumina zirconia powder, graphite powder, feldspar in powder and silicon powder are 100 orders.
Preparation method is as follows:
The first step, dispensing and batch mixing, weigh raw material according to proportioning, by each component powders mix homogeneously；Second step, compressing, compound is pressed into pressed compact, pressing pressure is 4.7T/cm2；3rd step, sintering processes, normal pressure is warming up to 900 DEG C and starts insulation, and sintered heat insulating Stress control is 2.2MPa at sintering pressure, keeps pressure state constant temperature 3h, and sintering process carries out under passing into decomposed ammonia protective condition；4th step, cooling processes, and sintered part is cooled to after below 80 DEG C with 40 DEG C per minute in decomposed ammonia and comes out of the stove.
Through detection, the hardness of the present embodiment product: HRF87；Comprcssive strength: 356MPa；Coefficient of friction 0.340；Density (g/m3)5.50；Wear extent (mm) 0.0045.
Claims (6)
1. a copper based powder metallurgy friction material, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight: copper powder 60-64 part, iron powder 6-10 part, carborundum powder 3-6 part, sulfuration manganese powder 3-6 part, fused alumina zirconia powder 4-7 part, graphite powder 10-14 part, nikel powder 1-4 part, cobalt powder 2-5 part, alumina powder 2-5 part, feldspar in powder 2-5 part, silicon powder 1-4 part.
2. copper based powder metallurgy friction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described copper powder is 350 orders, iron powder to be 300 orders, nikel powder be 250 orders, cobalt powder are 300 orders, alumina powder is 300 orders.
3. copper based powder metallurgy friction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described carborundum powder, sulfuration manganese powder, fused alumina zirconia powder, graphite powder, feldspar in powder and silicon powder are 60-100 order.
4. the preparation method of the copper based powder metallurgy friction material described in a claim 1, it is characterised in that the method includes following preparation process:
The first step, dispensing and batch mixing, weigh raw material according to proportioning, by each component powders mix homogeneously；Second step, compressing, compound is pressed into pressed compact, pressing pressure is 4.7T/cm2；3rd step, sintering processes, normal pressure is warming up to 900-910 DEG C and starts insulation, and sintered heat insulating Stress control is 2.2MPa at sintering pressure, keeps pressure state constant temperature 3～3.5h, and sintering process carries out under passing into decomposed ammonia protective condition；4th step, cooling processes, and sintered part is cooled to after below 80 DEG C with 40-50 DEG C per minute in decomposed ammonia and comes out of the stove.
5. the preparation method of copper based powder metallurgy friction material according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in the 3rd step, sintering processes, normal pressure is warming up to 905 DEG C and starts insulation.
6. the preparation method of copper based powder metallurgy friction material according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in the 4th step, cooling processes, and sintered part is cooled to after below 80 DEG C with 45 DEG C per minute in decomposed ammonia and comes out of the stove.
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| CN102605209A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2012-07-25 | 锦州捷通铁路机械制造有限公司 | High-speed train powder metallurgy brake pad friction plate and its preparation process |
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