CN104372350B - Automatic temperature control long-acting reference electrode - Google Patents
Automatic temperature control long-acting reference electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN104372350B CN104372350B CN201310356536.2A CN201310356536A CN104372350B CN 104372350 B CN104372350 B CN 104372350B CN 201310356536 A CN201310356536 A CN 201310356536A CN 104372350 B CN104372350 B CN 104372350B
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- 238000004210 cathodic protection Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic temperature control long-acting reference electrode used in an oil and gas transmission station field in a low-temperature environment and a cathode protection system of a distribution valve chamber along the line. The reference electrode (5) is connected with a reference electrode terminal of a constant potential rectifier (1) through a cathode output cable (4); an anode output terminal of the potentiostat (1) is connected with a buried anode ground bed (2) through an anode cable (3), a cathode output terminal of the potentiostat (1) is connected with an outer end pipeline (6) through a zero-potential cathode connecting cable (9), and the zero-potential cathode connecting terminal of the potentiostat (1) is connected with the outer end pipeline (6) through a cathode output cable (10); the outer end pipeline (6) and the station inner pipeline (8) are electrically insulated through an insulating joint (7). The invention is used in oil and gas transmission station fields and valve chamber cathode protection systems along the line in low temperature environment, has stable performance, is environment-friendly and is convenient for temperature control.
Description
Technical field
The present invention be a kind of for pump station field under low temperature environment and along the line in point defeated valve chamber cathodic protection system from
The long effective reference electrode of dynamic temperature control, is related to corrosion protection and the tubing technical field of common metal material.
Background technology
Pipeline transportation relies on that its freight volume is big, continuous, economy and safety coefficient high the advantages of, always as oil, natural
The main trafficking pathways of gas equal energy source goods and materials.In order to reduce the corrosion rate of pipeline, anticorrosive coat and impressed cathodic is generally adopted to protect
The Combined Protection method of shield.The output of long effective reference electrode, predominantly pipeline potential measurement and potentiostat provides reference potential.Its
Whether stable working state, and whether direct relation pipeline cathodic protection potential along the line is normal.Reference electrode current potential unstable or
Lost efficacy, easily caused pipe protection deficiency or overprotection.Land embedded metal pipeline and ground metal structures current potential prison at present
Survey and generally adopt cu/cuso4Reference electrode, this is because this electrode has corrosion-resistant, is difficult to polarize, the advantages of current potential is stablized.
In engineer applied, this electrode is broadly divided into following two types: portable and long-acting solid-state cu/cuso4Reference
Electrode.Generally adopt being provided with the environment of oil and gas pipes point defeated station, rtu valve chamber of potentiostat etc. require continuous sampling test
With long-acting solid-state cu/cuso4Reference electrode, its operation principle be using ceramic package micro- ooze characteristic and environment carry out two-way
Electrolysis mass transter realizes potential measurement.
The cu/cuso of current techique4Reference electrode is that fine copper electrode is placed in pure copper/saturated copper sulphate solution, occurs such as
Bottom electrode reacts:
cu—cu2++2e
Copper electrode positively charged, solution is negatively charged, and interface forms potential difference, when course of reaction reaches poised state, as
Cu/cuso4Electrode potential.Electrode potential value is calculated by nernst equation:
In formula: e0For the normal potential of copper, v；αcu2+It is gas constant for copper ion activities r in solution, 8.31j/ DEG C；t
For absolute temperature, k；F is faraday constant, 96500c.
Result of calculation after course of reaction balance:
E=0.337+0.03log α cu2+(1)
Can be calculated by formula, stable rear cu/cuso4Electrode potential is+0.33v (with respect to standard hydrogen electrode, 25 DEG C),
From formula (1), cu/cuso4Electrode potential and cu2+Activity is closely related, only when saturation cuso4
When solution keeps pure, technical requirement could be met and ensure that reference potential is stable.
The measurement process of reference electrode is to be led to by the micro ion exchange oozing out formation of reference electrode internal electrolyte solution
Road is realized, and reference electrode is electrolysed mass transter depending on the osmotic pressure inside and outside electrode with measuring environment, and available following formula illustrates:
V=k (p1-p2) (2)
In formula: v is infiltration capacity (quality or volume)；K is infiltration coefficient, and by ceramic material and structure, (porosity 0 determines；
P1 is infiltration in electrode；P2 is electrode exosmosis pressure
From formula (2), during general land surveying, p1 > p2, that is, in electrode, osmotic pressure is higher than electrode exosmosis
Pressure, electrode internal electrolyte solution is only micro to ooze out, and the outer electrolyte solution of electrode does not penetrate into electrode, and reference electrode is not got dirty
Dye, using reliability；When measuring in water it may occur however that measurement process reference electrode floods in water, cause p1 < p2, that is, environment oozes
Thoroughly pressure is higher than osmotic pressure in reference electrode, environment electrolyte solution can micro- infiltration reference electrode, reference electrode is potentially contaminated.
Existing at present long-acting cu/cuso4Reference electrode is mainly for long distance pipeline cathodic protection buried under normal temperature environment
Need and develop, at low ambient temperatures using necessarily being limited to, this is because temperature is relatively low causes buried solid long-term-effective ginseng
Freeze at micro- seepage hole gap than electrode ceramic shell, hinder, between electrolyte ion and environment, two-way friendship is carried out by ceramic package
Change, thus directly affecting the control of Electric potentials of cathodic protection system and the accurate measurement of pipe to soil potential.Additionally, existing long-acting cu/
cuso4Reference electrode shell is ceramic structure, cu in tank body2+Run off too fast and be easy to and ion present in surrounding
(as ca2+、mg2+、cl-、oh-Deng) carry out ion exchange so that long effective reference electrode electrolyte environment is contaminated, cause electrode
Current potential deviates, and brings certain error to potential measurement.Typically, the approach reducing electrolyte condensation point has two kinds:
Add difficulty and ionize to obtain anti-icing fluid and temperature control is carried out to reference surrounding.The patent of the applications such as Xu Chengwei is (a kind of new
Anti-freeze type long effective reference electrode system, number of patent application: once designed a kind of new reference electrode in 201220447247.4), should
Electrode periodically adds, using moisturizing conduit, the exchange that anti-icing fluid to ensure electrolyte inside and outside reference into reference electrode.This reference electricity
Extremely simple and practical, but the minimizing with anti-icing fluid, need personnel's periodic maintenance, use in unattended yard (valve chamber), pipe
Reason is relatively costly.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that design is a kind of is used for pump station field and point defeated valve chamber cathodic protection along the line under low temperature environment
Stable performance, environmental friendliness in system, it is easy to temperature controlled temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode.
Temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode proposed by the present invention, is a kind of long-acting cu/cuso of temperature control type4Reference electrode.
This reference electrode can be the major part of cathodic protection system, provide stable reference potential letter for measurement pipe protection current potential
Number, can be applicable to the cathodic protection in the cold unattended yard in area (valve chamber).
Temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode is installed and is illustrated as shown in Figure 1.It includes potentiostat 1, anode ground bed 2, sun
Pole output cable 3, negative electrode output cable 4, reference electrode 5, outer end pipeline 6, insulating joint 7, interior conduit 8 of standing, cathodic protection station electricity
Cable 9 and negative electrode output cable 10.Reference electrode 5 connects the reference electrode terminal of potentiostat 1 by negative electrode output cable 4；Permanent
Potentiometer 1 anode output end is connected with buried anode ground bed 2 by anode cable 3, and potentiostat 1 cathode end passes through
Cathodic protection station cable 9 and outer end pipeline 6 connect, and potentiostat 1 cathodic protection station terminal passes through negative electrode output cable 10 and outer end pipe
Road 6 connects.Outer end pipeline 6 and station interior conduit 8 are electrically insulated by insulating joint 7, and described insulating joint 7 adopts insulation method
Orchid, because avoiding cathodic protection current to run off by grounded screen in station.
Temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode structure is as shown in Figure 2.This reference electrode by upper end cover 11, electrode shell 12,
Bottom end cover 13, cu electrode 14, osmotic ceramic module 15, heating coil 16, temperature sensor 17, macromolecule resin water accepting layer 18,
Pva aquifer 19, filtration sealing coat 20, solid cuso4·5h2O crystal 21, moisturizing conduit 22, liquid injection hole 23, shielded conductor 24,
Electrode end-blocking 25 and temperature controller 26 form.
The electrode body inner surface ecto-entad of the sealing that upper end cover 11, electrode shell 12 and bottom end cover 13 are constituted covers successively
Macromolecule resin water accepting layer 18, pva aquifer 19 and filtration sealing coat 20, fill cuso in confined space4·5h2O crystal 21；
Macromolecule resin water accepting layer 18 and pva aquifer 19 collectively constitute draws the system assembling electrolyte aqueous solution, forms reference electricity
Extremely interior unified electrode reaction environment, can the at utmost maximum stability of holding electrode current potential；Cu electrode 14 is along electricity
Polar body axis is fixed on the centre bore of upper end cover electrode end-blocking 25；The lower end of cu electrode 14 is connected with ceramic percolation module 15, pottery
Osmosis module 15 is exposed at outside electrode body case, and the upper end of cu electrode 14 is connected with shielded conductor 24, and shielded conductor 24 blocks through wiring
Sealing is drawn；Reserve liquid injection hole 23 on the upper end cover 11 of electrode body case, reserved liquid injection hole 23 outer end is connected with moisturizing conduit
22, under the environment being dried, pass through can moisturizing conduit 22 to reference electrode 5 internal moisturizing by storage tank or manually, with
Ensure the moistening between reference electrode and environment.
Described reference electrode agent structure is made up of upper end cover 11, electrode shell 12, bottom end cover 13, and material therefor is high-strength
The insulant such as degree pvc, engineering plastics abs or lucite；Entered using epoxy resin between end cap and insulant up and down
It is ensured that solution is non-leakage, introduced contaminants does not enter inside electrode body for row sealing；
Described reference electrode 5 is temperature control long effective reference electrode；
Described macromolecule resin water accepting layer 18 is made by absorbent polymer resin, and main component is sodium polyacrylate；
Described pva aquifer 19 uses high-performance pva water-absorbing sponge to make；
Described filtration sealing coat 20 uses detailed catalogue terylene gauze to make, both real with good permeability, compactness and insulating properties
Show isolation and the protection of inter-electrode space, in turn ensure that the free motion of electrolyte ion；
Described cu electrode 14 is more than 99.9% high-purity cu for copper content；
Described shielded conductor 24 adopts rvp type or rvvp type shielding line, is subject to electricity for convenience of in suppression measurement signal transmission
Magnetic disturbance.
For precise control reference electrode operating temperature, special installation one temperature controller 26, temperature controller is divided into three
Part, temperature control modules, heating module (heating coil 16) and temperature collect module (temperature sensor 17) composition.Heater wire
Circle 16 is located at the bottom of electrode body, for heating in electrode body.Temperature collect module is located in the middle part of electrode body, for supervising
Survey the temperature in electrode body.Temperature control modules are located at the top of upper end cover 11, and the wire of extraction connects temperature heater wire respectively
Circle 16 and temperature sensor 17.
Compared with conventional reference electrode, anti-freeze type reference electrode has the advantage that, is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 anti-freeze type long effective reference electrode and conventional long effective reference electrode Performance comparision
In sum, novel temperature control type reference electrode stable performance, suitable low temperature and dry environment, rational in infrastructure, meet
The requirement of the associated specifications such as electrochemical principle and country and petroleum industry cathode protection technology, and meet existing reference electrode
Site operation and application habit.Correctly bury, install, use the long-acting cu/cuso of anti-freeze type in alpine meadow region4Reference electrode
Existing long effective reference electrode can be overcome cannot to be applied to the problem of low temperature environment it is also possible to solution prior art temperature cannot essence
The problem really controlling, be both avoid existing pottery tank structure long effective reference electrode electrolyte loss speed too fast it is easy to be subject to
The electrode potential causing to environmental pollution is unstable, and error is big to wait deficiency, cloudy to improving the buried long-distance oil ＆ gas pipeline of permafrost region
Pole conservative management level and technical merit, improve the quality of maintenance and repair work and efficiency plays good action.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode scheme of installation
Fig. 2 is temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode structure semi-section view
Wherein 1 potentiostat 2 anode ground bed
3 anode output cable 4 negative electrode output cable
5 reference electrode 6 outer end pipeline
7 insulating joint 8 station interior conduit
9 cathodic protection station cable 10 negative electrode output cable
11 upper end cover 12 electrode shell
13 bottom end cover 14 cu electrode
15 ceramic percolation module 16 heating coil
17 temperature sensor 18 macromolecule resin water accepting layer
19 pva reservoir bed 20 filter layer
21 cuso4 5h2o crystal 22 moisturizing conduit
23 liquid injection hole 24 shielded conductor
25 electrodes block 26 temperature controllers
Specific embodiment
Embodiment. Fig. 1 is a kind of temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode scheme of installation, to be used for carrying out further
Explanation.Target pipe is located at northeast high latitude area, and the winter ground lowest temperature is -53 DEG C, and pipe material x65 steel is a diameter of
φ 713mm, buried depth is 2.8m.In work progress, reference electrode 5 is positioned over directly over yard (valve chamber) energising point at the scene, and to the greatest extent
May place near energising point place, to reduce the measurement error of soil ir extraction during pipeline potential measurement.
It is defeated that this temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode includes potentiostat 1, anode ground bed 2, anode output cable 3, negative electrode
Go out cable 4, reference electrode 5, outer end pipeline 6, insulating joint 7, interior conduit 8 of standing, cathodic protection station cable 9 and negative electrode output cable
10.Concrete installation steps are: reference electrode 5 connects the reference electrode terminal of potentiostat 1 by negative electrode output cable 4；Permanent electricity
Position instrument 1 anode output end is connected with buried anode ground bed 2 by anode cable 3, and potentiostat 1 cathode end passes through zero
Position connects negative electricity cable 9 and outer end pipeline 6 connects, and potentiostat 1 cathodic protection station terminal passes through negative electrode output cable 10 and outer end pipeline 6
Connect.Outer end pipeline 6 and station interior conduit 8 are electrically insulated by insulating joint 7, and described insulating joint 7 adopts insulating flange, because
Cathodic protection current is avoided to run off by grounded screen in station.As drier in reference electrode 5 burial place environment, can be using ginseng
It is connected by fluid infusion conduit 22 than between electrode catheter interface 23 and reserving liquid tank.Between fluid infusion conduit and reference electrode, reserving liquid tank
Fastened by sealing cap, prevented leakage.Fluid reservoir can be imbedded underground according to field condition or be placed on ground.
This temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode structure is as shown in Figure 2.This reference electrode is by upper end cover 11, electrode shell
12nd, bottom end cover 13, cu electrode 14, osmotic ceramic module 15, heating coil 16, temperature sensor 17, macromolecule resin water accepting layer
18th, pva aquifer 19, filtration sealing coat 20, solid cuso4·5h2O crystal 21, moisturizing conduit 22, liquid injection hole 23, shielded conductor
24th, electrode end-blocking 25 and temperature controller 26 form.
The electrode body inner surface ecto-entad of the sealing that upper end cover 11, electrode shell 12 and bottom end cover 13 are constituted covers successively
Macromolecule resin water accepting layer 18, pva aquifer 19 and filtration sealing coat 20, fill cuso in confined space4·5h2O crystal 21；
Macromolecule resin water accepting layer 18 and pva aquifer 19 collectively constitute draws the system assembling electrolyte aqueous solution, forms reference electricity
Extremely interior unified electrode reaction environment, can the at utmost maximum stability of holding electrode current potential；Cu electrode 14 is along electricity
Polar body axis is fixed on the centre bore of upper end cover electrode end-blocking 25；The lower end of cu electrode 14 is connected with ceramic percolation module 15, pottery
Osmosis module 15 is exposed at outside electrode body case, and the upper end of cu electrode 14 is connected with shielded conductor 24, and shielded conductor 24 blocks through wiring
Sealing is drawn；Reserve liquid injection hole 23 on the upper end cover 11 of electrode body case, reserved liquid injection hole 23 outer end is connected with moisturizing conduit
22, under the environment being dried, pass through can moisturizing conduit 22 to reference electrode 5 internal moisturizing by storage tank or manually, with
Ensure the moistening between reference electrode and environment.
For precise control reference electrode operating temperature, spy installs one by temperature control modules, heating coil 16 and temperature
Sensor 17 forms to obtain temperature controller 26.Heating coil 16 is located at the bottom of electrode body, and temperature sensor 17 is located at electrode body
Middle part, temperature control modules are located at the top of upper end cover 11, and the wire of extraction connects temperature heating coil 16 respectively and temperature passes
Sensor 17.
Wherein:
Reference electrode agent structure is made up of upper end cover 11, insulating material housing 12, bottom end cover 13, and material therefor is high-strength
Degree engineering plastics abs；The overall dimensions of insulating material housing 12 areWall thickness 8mm；Photomask adopts black pet
Thin film, thickness is 0.05mm；Sealed using epoxy resin it is ensured that solution is not permeable between end cap and insulating material housing up and down
While leakage, introduced contaminants does not enter inside electrode body；
Ceramic percolation module 15 is mainly by al2o3Powder fires gained after 30h, bottom after compaction at a temperature of 1150 DEG C
For cylinder, specification isTop is cone, and basal diameter is 25mm, and cone-apex angle is 60 °；
Cu electrode 14 (purity is more than 99.9%) a diameter ofLength is 225mm；
Macromolecule resin water accepting layer 18 is made by water absorption sodium polyacrylate macromolecule resin, and thickness is 1mm；
Pva aquifer 19 uses high-performance pva water-absorbing sponge to make, and thickness is 3mm；
Filtering sealing coat 20 uses detailed catalogue terylene gauze to make, and aperture is 800 mesh, about 15 μm；
Shielded conductor 24 adopts rvvp300/300v type shielded copper wire.
For precise control reference electrode operating temperature, spy installs one by temperature control modules, heating coil 16 and temperature
Sensor 17 forms to obtain temperature controller 26.Heating coil 16 is located at the bottom of electrode body, and temperature sensor 17 is located at electrode body
Middle part, temperature control modules are located at the top of upper end cover 11, and the wire of extraction connects temperature heating coil 16 respectively and temperature passes
Sensor 17.Under normal circumstances, reference electrode 5 ambient temperature is advisable at 5 DEG C -25 DEG C, northeastward certain pipeline yard, by reference
Electrode controls temperature to be set to 10 DEG C, when temperature sensor 17 detects surrounding them temperature and is less than design temperature, temperature control
Device 26 feeds back signal to heating coil, controls temperature heating coil 16 to ambient heat, until design temperature.
, through test, firmly, joint is corrosion-resistant, and microporous membrane leak rate is suitable, stable performance for electrode structure for this example, electrode electricity
Position be difficult polarized, rational in infrastructure it is adaptable to the low temperature environment such as frozen soil.Electrode design meets electrochemical principle and country and oil
The requirement of the associated specifications such as industry cathode protection technology, and meet site operation and the application habit of existing reference electrode,
It is suitable for measurement by the accurate current potential of protection structures.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode, is characterized in that it includes potentiostat (1), anode ground bed (2), anode defeated
Go out cable (3), negative electrode output cable (4), reference electrode (5), outer end pipeline (6), insulating joint (7), interior conduit of standing (8), zero
Position connects negative electricity cable (9) and negative electrode output cable (10)；Reference electrode (5) connects potentiostat (1) by negative electrode output cable (4)
Reference electrode terminal；Potentiostat (1) anode output end is connected with buried anode ground bed (2) by anode cable (3), permanent
Potentiometer (1) cathode end is connected by cathodic protection station cable (9) and outer end pipeline (6), potentiostat (1) cathodic protection station
Terminal is connected with outer end pipeline (6) by negative electrode output cable (10)；Outer end pipeline (6) and station interior conduit (8) are connect by insulation
Head (7) is electrically insulated；
Described reference electrode (5) is by upper end cover (11), electrode shell (12), bottom end cover (13), cu electrode (14), osmotic ceramic mould
Block (15), heating coil (16), temperature sensor (17), macromolecule resin water accepting layer (18), pva aquifer (19), filter every
Absciss layer (20), solid cuso4·5h2O crystal (21), moisturizing conduit (22), liquid injection hole (23), shielded conductor (24), electrode end-blocking
(25) form with temperature controller (26)；
The electrode body inner surface ecto-entad of the sealing that upper end cover (11), electrode shell (12) and bottom end cover (13) are constituted covers successively
Lid macromolecule resin water accepting layer (18), pva aquifer (19) and filtration sealing coat (20), fill cuso in confined space4·5h2o
Crystal (21)；Macromolecule resin water accepting layer (18) and pva aquifer (19) collectively constitute draw assemble electrolyte aqueous solution be
System；Cu electrode (14) is fixed on the centre bore of upper end cover electrode end-blocking (25) along electrode body axis；The lower end of cu electrode (14) is even
There is ceramic percolation module (15), ceramic percolation module (15) is exposed at outside electrode body case, and the upper end of cu electrode (14) is connected with shielding
Wire (24), shielded conductor (24) is drawn through wiring end-blocking sealing；In the upper reserved liquid injection hole of the upper end cover (11) of electrode body case
(23), reserved liquid injection hole (23) outer end is connected with moisturizing conduit (22).
2. temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode according to claim 1, is characterized in that also pacifying in described reference electrode (5)
Equipped with temperature controller (26), temperature controller (26) is divided into three parts, temperature control modules, heating coil (16) and temperature
Sensor (17)；Heating coil (16) is located at the bottom of electrode body, and temperature sensor (17) is located in the middle part of electrode body, temperature control
Module is located at the top of upper end cover (11), and the wire of extraction connects temperature heating coil (16) and temperature sensor (17) respectively.
3. temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode according to claim 1, is characterized in that described reference electrode agent structure
Be made up of upper end cover (11), electrode shell (12), bottom end cover (13), material therefor be high intensity pvc, engineering plastics abs or
The insulant such as lucite；Sealed using epoxy resin between end cap and insulant up and down.
4. temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode according to claim 1, is characterized in that described reference electrode (5) is temperature control
Property long effective reference electrode.
5. temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode according to claim 1, is characterized in that described macromolecule resin water accepting layer
(18) made by absorbent polymer resin, main component is sodium polyacrylate.
6. temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode according to claim 1, is characterized in that described pva aquifer (19) is used high
Performance pva water-absorbing sponge makes.
7. temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode according to claim 1, is characterized in that described filtration sealing coat (20) is used
Detailed catalogue terylene gauze makes.
8. temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode according to claim 1, is characterized in that described cu electrode (14) contains for copper
High-purity cu more than 99.9% for the amount.
9. temperature automatically controlled long effective reference electrode according to claim 1, is characterized in that described shielded conductor (24) adopts
Rvp type or rvvp type shielding line.
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| CN203419988U (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2014-02-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Automatic temperature control long-acting reference electrode |
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| CN203419988U (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2014-02-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Automatic temperature control long-acting reference electrode |
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| US12197238B2 (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2025-01-14 | Marathon Petroleum Company Lp | Methods and systems for inline mixing of hydrocarbon liquids |
| US12163625B2 (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2024-12-10 | Marathon Petroleum Company Lp | Scalable greenhouse gas capture systems and methods |
| US12203598B2 (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2025-01-21 | Marathon Petroleum Company Lp | Systems and methods for transporting fuel and carbon dioxide in a dual fluid vessel |
| US12203401B2 (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2025-01-21 | Marathon Petroleum Company Lp | Scalable greenhouse gas capture systems and methods |
| US12180597B2 (en) | 2021-08-26 | 2024-12-31 | Marathon Petroleum Company Lp | Test station assemblies for monitoring cathodic protection of structures and related methods |
| US12195861B2 (en) | 2021-08-26 | 2025-01-14 | Marathon Petroleum Company Lp | Test station assemblies for monitoring cathodic protection of structures and related methods |
| US12195158B2 (en) | 2023-02-18 | 2025-01-14 | Marathon Petroleum Company Lp | Exhaust vent hoods for marine vessels and related methods |
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Effective date of registration: 20211110 Address after: Room 08-10, 6 / F, block a, No. 5, Dongtucheng Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100013 Patentee after: National Petroleum and natural gas pipeline network Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100007 China Petroleum Building, No. 9, Dongzhimen North Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing Patentee before: PetroChina Company Limited |