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CN104365510A - Regulation and control method for improving efficiency of converting female ricefield eel into male ricefield eel - Google Patents

Regulation and control method for improving efficiency of converting female ricefield eel into male ricefield eel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104365510A
CN104365510A CN201410466436.XA CN201410466436A CN104365510A CN 104365510 A CN104365510 A CN 104365510A CN 201410466436 A CN201410466436 A CN 201410466436A CN 104365510 A CN104365510 A CN 104365510A
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eel
feed
water
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body weight
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CN104365510B (en
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龚世园
何绪刚
储张杰
袁汉文
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种提高黄鳝雌性转化为雄性效率的调控方法，本发明通过选择最适调控环境，合理选择黄鳝规格，合理实施放养密度，适宜降低饲料中蛋白含量、科学饲喂、严格管理和及时加强春季调控等，获得大批量高质量的雄性亲本，黄鳝雌性转化为雄性的转化率达到78％以上，雄性个体体重与雌性相匹配，满足了人工苗种繁育对雄性亲本的需求。The invention discloses a control method for improving the conversion efficiency of eel females into males. The invention selects the most suitable control environment, reasonably selects the specifications of the rice field eels, reasonably implements the stocking density, suitably reduces the protein content in the feed, scientifically feeds, strictly manages and Timely strengthen spring regulation, etc., to obtain a large number of high-quality male parents, the transformation rate of eel females into males has reached more than 78%, and the body weight of males matches that of females, which meets the needs of artificial seed breeding for male parents.

Description

A kind ofly improve the female regulate and control method being converted into male efficiency of swamp eel
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, be specifically related to a kind ofly improve the female regulate and control method being converted into male efficiency of swamp eel.
Background technology
Swamp eel is one of important aquatic products of domestic and international market consumption, and supply exceed demand, but seed becomes the bottleneck problem of restriction swamp eel industry.At present, wild seed cannot meet the demand of culture of swamp eel, must solve artificial seed's problem.And solve the sex reversal that first artificial seed must solve swamp eel.Swamp eel birth was all female in 1 year, and more than 2 ages and 2 ages progressively change into male, it is male that some even needs 6-8 just can change into.Therefore, male is large, and do not match with female, production cost is high, becomes one of key factor that its artificial seed of restriction breeds.In swamp eel seed breeding is produced, be badly in need of solving swamp eel male parent problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly improve the female regulate and control method being converted into male efficiency of swamp eel, method of the present invention comprises the suitableeest Regulate Environment of selection, choose reasonable swamp eel specification, reasonable implementation breeding density, be suitable for reducing protein content in feed, science fed, strict control and strengthen in time regulation and control in spring etc., obtain high-quality male parent in enormous quantities, meet artificial seed and breed demand to male parent.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Improve the female regulate and control method being converted into male efficiency of swamp eel, it comprises the following steps:
1) water body and water quality: pond, irrigation canals and ditches, lake, reservoir, rivers, size is not limit, more than depth of water 1m, and water quality meets national fishery standard;
2) water body disinfection: 2-3 month carries out disinfection to pond, irrigation canals and ditches with quicklime, injected new water after 7 days; Lake, reservoir, rivers need not be sterilized;
3) net cage is arranged: in water body, arrange length and width, be the net cage of 2m × 2m × 1m deeply, polyethylene mesh sheet, square mesh, length of side 1.4mm, uncovered, is fixed in pond with bamboo or wood, and net cage upper end exceeds water surface 0.4-0.5m;
4) pasture and water are planted: in net cage, plant water peanut, area is 80% of net cage;
5) eel kind source: the swamp eel of wild or artificial propagation;
6) specification and time is thrown in: be that the healthy swamp eel of 80g is put in net cage by specification, the release time is annual 4-7 month;
7) density is thrown in: throwing in density is 1.5-3kg/ ㎡, during input, sterilizes 15 minutes with the iodine solution that weight concentration is 1/50000;
8) feed: feed kind is expanded pellet feed, earthworm, fish gruel, and the protein content of expanded pellet feed is 35-38%;
9) feeding method: after eel kind inlet, wild eel the 3rd day, artificial eel to throw something and feed earthworm the same day, feeding volume is 0.5% of swamp eel body weight; It is rotten that wild eel increased fish the 5th day, manually eel at the 3rd day, and earthworm, the total feeding volume of fish Mi are 1% of swamp eel body weight; Wild eel starts to increase expanded pellet feed in earthworm and fish gruel at the 4th day the 6th day, manually eel, the feeding volume of expanded pellet feed is 0.5% of swamp eel body weight and progressively increases, after the feeding volume of expanded pellet feed is increased to 1% of swamp eel body weight, depending on Monopterus Albus Feeding and weather actual conditions, earthworm, fish gruel, expanded pellet feed are thrown something and fed by 1-1.5%, 1-1.5% and 1-2% of swamp eel body weight respectively, and every day threw something and fed once before darkness;
10) daily management: between property transition phase, monthly splashes once with quicklime water, and quicklime consumption is 0.01kg/m 3, late September, the feeding volume of 3 kinds of feeds controls in 3% of swamp eel body weight, until end of throwing something and feeding by the end of October;
11) overwinter management: directly survive the winter in cultivation net cage, the water body depth of water remains on more than 1m, if freeze in water body and net cage, punching oxygenation of all should opening ice, guarantees that swamp eel normally survives the winter in net cage;
12) cultivate spring in next year: after surviving the winter, at late March or early April in next year, when water temperature rises to 18 DEG C, should throw something and feed immediately, start in 4 days after throwing something and feeding, to throw something and feed earthworm by the 0.5-1% of swamp eel body weight; 5th day, increase fish gruel and expanded pellet feed, earthworm, fish feeding volume that is rotten, expanded pellet feed are respectively 0.5%, 0.5%, 0.25% of swamp eel body weight; From the 6th day, proceed to and normally throw something and feed, ingest and weather concrete condition depending on eel kind, earthworm, fish gruel, expanded pellet feed are progressively increased to respectively and throw something and feed by 1-1.5%, 1-1.5%, 1-2% of swamp eel body weight, still throw something and feed once before darkness in every day.
Adopting regulate and control method of the present invention to make, swamp eel is female is converted into male conversion ratio and reaches more than 78%, male whose body weight and femalely to match, and is applicable to large-scale production.
Embodiment
Followingly the present invention to be further elaborated in conjunction with the embodiments.
Embodiment 1
1. Regulate Environment
1) water body and area: pond, irrigation canals and ditches, lake, reservoir, rivers, size is not limit, more than depth of water 1m, and water source meets national water quality standard for fishery.
2) water body disinfection: the small size pond such as pond, irrigation canals and ditches 2-3 month lime disinfection, injected new water after 7 days.The large water body such as lake, reservoir, rivers need not be sterilized.
3) net cage is arranged: in various water body, arrange net cage, length and width are 2m × 2m × 1m deeply, and polyethylene mesh sheet square mesh, length of side 1.4mm, uncovered, is fixed in pond with bamboo or wood.Net cage upper end exceeds water surface 0.4-0.5m.
4) pasture and water are planted: in net cage, plant water peanut, area is about 80% of net cage.
2. regulate and control specification and density
1) eel kind source: the swamp eel of wild or artificial propagation.
2) specification and time is thrown in: be that the healthy swamp eel of about 80g is put in net cage by specification, the release time is annual 4-7 month.
3) throw in density: throwing in density is 1.5-3kg/ ㎡, during input, sterilizes 15 minutes with iodine solution, the concentration of iodine solution is that every 50000g solution is containing 1g iodine.
3. regulation feedstuff kind and rate of throwing something and feeding
1) feed: feed kind is expanded pellet feed, earthworm, fish gruel, and the protein content of expanded pellet feed is 35-38%;
2) to throw something and feed rate: after eel kind inlet, wild eel the 3rd day, artificial eel to throw something and feed earthworm the same day, feeding volume is 0.5% of swamp eel body weight; It is rotten that wild eel increased fish the 5th day, manually eel at the 3rd day, and earthworm, the total feeding volume of fish Mi are 1% of swamp eel body weight; Wild eel starts to increase expanded pellet feed in earthworm and fish gruel at the 4th day the 6th day, manually eel, the feeding volume of expanded pellet feed is 0.5% of swamp eel body weight and progressively increases, after the feeding volume of expanded pellet feed is increased to 1% of swamp eel body weight, depending on Monopterus Albus Feeding and weather actual conditions, earthworm, fish gruel, expanded pellet feed are thrown something and fed by 1-1.5%, 1-1.5% and 1-2% of swamp eel body weight respectively, and every day threw something and fed once before darkness.
4. regulation and administration with survive the winter
1) daily management: between property transition phase, monthly splashes once with quicklime water, and quicklime consumption is 0.01kg/m 3, late September, the feeding volume of 3 kinds of feeds controls in 3% of swamp eel body weight, until end of throwing something and feeding by the end of October;
2) overwinter management: directly survive the winter in cultivation net cage, the pond depth of water remains on more than 1.5m.If freeze in pond and net cage, punching oxygenation of all should opening ice, guarantees that swamp eel normally survives the winter in net cage.
5. strengthen regulation and control in spring in next year
1) regulation and control start Feeding time: after surviving the winter, and at late March or early April in next year, when water temperature rises to 18 DEG C, should throw something and feed immediately.
2) regulation feedstuff kind with to throw something and feed rate: start in 4 days after throwing something and feeding, to throw something and feed earthworm by the 0.5-1% of swamp eel body weight; 5th day, increase fish gruel and expanded pellet feed, earthworm, fish feeding volume that is rotten, expanded pellet feed are respectively 0.5,0.5,0.25% of swamp eel body weight; From the 6th day, proceed to and normally throw something and feed, ingest and weather concrete condition depending on eel kind, earthworm, fish gruel, expanded pellet feed are progressively increased to respectively and throw something and feed by 1-1.5%, 1-1.5%, 1-2% of swamp eel body weight, still throw something and feed once before darkness in every day.
Through this method regulation and control of 1 year, swamp eel is female to be converted into male conversion ratio and to reach 78%, male body weight and femalely to match, and is applicable to large-scale production.

Claims (1)

1.一种提高黄鳝雌性转化为雄性效率的调控方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：1. a method for regulating and controlling the conversion of eel females into male efficiency is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1)水体与水质：池塘、沟渠、湖泊、水库、江河均可，面积大小不限，水深1m以上，水质符合国家渔业标准；1) Water body and water quality: Ponds, ditches, lakes, reservoirs, and rivers are all acceptable, with any area and size, with a water depth of more than 1m, and the water quality meets the national fishery standards; 2)水体消毒：2-3月份用生石灰对池塘、沟渠进行消毒，7天后注入新水；湖泊、水库、江河不用消毒；2) Disinfection of water bodies: Disinfect ponds and ditches with quicklime from February to March, and inject new water after 7 days; lakes, reservoirs and rivers do not need to be disinfected; 3)网箱设置：在水体中设置长、宽、深为2m×2m×1m的网箱，聚乙烯网片，正方形网目，边长1.4mm，无盖，用竹或木头固定在池塘中，网箱上端高出水面0.4-0.5m；3) Set up cages: set up cages with a length, width and depth of 2m×2m×1m in the water body, polyethylene mesh, square mesh, side length 1.4mm, no cover, and fix them in the pond with bamboo or wood , the upper end of the cage is 0.4-0.5m above the water surface; 4)种植水草：在网箱内种植水花生，面积为网箱的80％；4) Plant aquatic plants: plant aquatic peanuts in the net cage, and the area is 80% of the net cage; 5)鳝种来源：野生或人工繁殖的黄鳝；5) Source of eel species: wild or artificially bred eel; 6)投放规格与时间：将规格为80g的健康黄鳝投入到网箱中，投放时间为每年的4-7月份；6) Putting specifications and time: Put 80g healthy eels into the cages, and the putting time is from April to July every year; 7)投放密度：投放密度为1.5-3kg/㎡,投放时,用重量浓度为1/50000的碘溶液消毒15分钟；7) Feeding density: feeding density is 1.5-3kg/㎡, when feeding, disinfect with iodine solution with a weight concentration of 1/50000 for 15 minutes; 8)饲料：饲料种类为膨化颗粒饲料、蚯蚓、鱼糜，膨化颗粒饲料的蛋白质含量为35-38％；8) Feed: The types of feed are extruded pellet feed, earthworms, minced fish, and the protein content of the extruded pellet feed is 35-38%; 9)投喂方法：鳝种进箱后，野生鳝在第3天、人工鳝当天投喂蚯蚓，投喂量为黄鳝体重的0.5％；野生鳝在第5天、人工鳝在第3天增加鱼糜，蚯蚓、鱼糜总投喂量为黄鳝体重的1％；野生鳝在第6天、人工鳝在第4天开始在蚯蚓和鱼糜中增加膨化颗粒饲料，膨化颗粒饲料的投喂量为黄鳝体重的0.5％并逐步增加，当膨化颗粒饲料的投喂量增加至黄鳝体重的1％以后，视黄鳝摄食和天气实际情况，蚯蚓、鱼糜、膨化颗粒饲料分别按黄鳝体重的1-1.5％、1-1.5％和1-2％投喂，每天在天黑之前投喂一次；9) Feeding method: After the eel species are put into the box, the wild eel is fed with earthworms on the third day and the artificial eel is fed with earthworms, and the feeding amount is 0.5% of the body weight of the eel; the wild eel is increased on the fifth day, and the artificial eel is increased on the third day. The total feeding amount of surimi, earthworms and surimi is 1% of the body weight of the eel; the wild eel starts to increase the puffed pellet feed in the earthworm and surimi on the 6th day and the artificial eel on the 4th day, and the feeding amount of the puffed pellet feed It is 0.5% of the body weight of the rice field eel and gradually increased. When the feeding amount of the extruded pellet feed increases to 1% of the body weight of the rice field eel, depending on the food intake of the rice field eel and the actual weather conditions, the feed of earthworms, surimi, and expanded pellets is 1-1% of the body weight of the rice field eel. 1.5%, 1-1.5% and 1-2% feeding, once a day before dark; 10)日常管理：性转化期间，每月用生石灰化水泼洒一次，生石灰用量为0.01kg/m3，9月下旬，3种饲料的投喂量控制在黄鳝体重的3％，直到10月底投喂结束；10) Daily management: during the sexual conversion period, sprinkle with quicklime water once a month, the amount of quicklime is 0.01kg/m 3 , in late September, the feeding amount of the three kinds of feed is controlled at 3% of the eel's body weight, until the end of October. hello over; 11)越冬管理：直接在培育网箱中越冬，水体水深保持在1m以上，倘若水体和网箱内结冰，均应破冰打孔增氧，确保黄鳝在网箱内正常越冬；11) Overwintering management: Overwinter directly in the cultivation net cage, and the water depth is kept above 1m. If the water body and the net cage freeze, all should break the ice and punch holes to increase oxygen, so as to ensure the normal overwintering of the rice field eel in the net cage; 12)翌年春季培育：越冬后，在翌年3月下旬或4月上旬，当水温上升至18℃时，应立即投喂，开始投喂后的4天内，按黄鳝体重的0.5-1％投喂蚯蚓；第5天，增加鱼糜和膨化颗粒饲料，蚯蚓、鱼糜、膨化颗粒饲料的投喂量分别为黄鳝体重的0.5％、0.5％、0.25％；从第6天起，转入正常投喂，视鳝种摄食和天气具体情况，蚯蚓、鱼糜、膨化颗粒饲料分别逐步增加至按黄鳝体重的1-1.5％、1-1.5％、1-2％投喂，仍然在每天天黑之前投喂一次。12) Cultivation in the spring of the next year: After overwintering, in late March or early April of the next year, when the water temperature rises to 18°C, it should be fed immediately. Within 4 days after the start of feeding, it should be fed at 0.5-1% of the eel’s body weight. Earthworms; on the 5th day, increase surimi and extruded pellet feed, the feeding amount of earthworms, surimi, and extruded pellet feed were 0.5%, 0.5%, and 0.25% of the body weight of the eel; Hey, depending on the specific conditions of the eel species and the weather, gradually increase the feed of earthworms, surimi, and puffed pellets to 1-1.5%, 1-1.5%, and 1-2% of the weight of the eel, and still before dark every day Feed once.
CN201410466436.XA 2014-09-12 2014-09-12 A kind of improve the female regulation and control method being converted into male efficiency of swamp eel Expired - Fee Related CN104365510B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109197692A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-01-15 王欣 A kind of three-dimensional polyculture method of swamp eel loach

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