CN104358527A - Large plunger type reducing centralizer - Google Patents
Large plunger type reducing centralizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104358527A CN104358527A CN201410543135.2A CN201410543135A CN104358527A CN 104358527 A CN104358527 A CN 104358527A CN 201410543135 A CN201410543135 A CN 201410543135A CN 104358527 A CN104358527 A CN 104358527A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1014—Flexible or expansible centering means, e.g. with pistons pressing against the wall of the well
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于大尺寸井段定向钻井的柱塞式大变径扶正器。它解决大尺寸井段定向钻井技术起下作业次数多的问题。其技术方案是：主筒体上部与上接头丝扣连接，主筒体下部与下接头丝扣连接，六个柱塞安装在柱塞座上，主筒体台阶面轴向设置六个柱塞孔，六个柱塞分别置入主筒体六个柱塞孔，主筒体径向设置六个通孔，六个扶正筒和六个扶正筒芯轴分别安装在主筒体六个径向通孔内，扶正体与周向相同相位的两个扶正筒用螺钉a固接，上连杆一端与上滑套铰接，另一端与扶正体上端铰接，下连杆一端与下滑套铰接，另一端与扶正体下端铰接，主筒体内部设置六个进油流道，三个排油流道，六个钻井液分支流道。本发明变径范围大，结构可靠。
The invention relates to a plunger type large-diameter centralizer used for directional drilling of large-scale well section. It solves the problem of many trips in directional drilling technology for large-scale well sections. The technical solution is: the upper part of the main cylinder is connected with the upper joint thread, the lower part of the main cylinder is connected with the lower joint thread, six plungers are installed on the plunger seat, and six plungers are arranged axially on the step surface of the main cylinder. The six plungers are respectively inserted into the six plunger holes of the main cylinder, and the main cylinder is provided with six through holes in the radial direction. In the through hole, the centralizing body and two centralizing cylinders with the same phase in the circumferential direction are fixedly connected with screws a, one end of the upper connecting rod is hinged with the upper sliding sleeve, the other end is hinged with the upper end of the centralizing body, one end of the lower connecting rod is hinged with the lowering sleeve, and the other end is hinged with the upper sliding sleeve. One end is hinged with the lower end of the centralizing body, and six oil inlet passages, three oil discharge passages and six drilling fluid branch passages are arranged inside the main cylinder. The invention has large variable diameter range and reliable structure.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种用于大尺寸井段定向钻井的柱塞式大变径扶正器。The invention relates to a plunger type large-diameter centralizer used for directional drilling of large-scale well section.
背景技术Background technique
随着石油工业的发展，油气藏开发越来越多是采用定向钻井技术来完成的，采用定向钻井技术可以使地面和地下条件受到限制的油气资源得到经济、有效的开发，能够大幅度提高油气产量和降低钻井成本，有利于保护自然环境，具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。With the development of the petroleum industry, more and more oil and gas reservoirs are developed using directional drilling technology. Using directional drilling technology can economically and effectively develop oil and gas resources with limited surface and underground conditions, and can greatly increase oil and gas production capacity. It is beneficial to protect the natural environment and has significant economic and social benefits.
在定向钻井技术中，造斜、稳斜和降斜是主要的工艺过程，工程上采用起下钻具，改变钻具组合来实现该工艺过程。扶正器是该钻具组合中的核心部件，每次起出钻具安装不同的扶正器会耗费大量的时间和经济成本。近年来，在深井和超深井中，大尺寸井段越来越长，扶正器尺寸也越来越大，相比常规井段，在大尺寸井段采用定向钻井技术的工艺更加复杂。本发明设计一种大变径扶正器，通过控制泵压改变大尺寸井段钻具组合，大大减少定向钻井过程中的起下作业次数。In directional drilling technology, deflection build-up, deflection stabilization and deflection reduction are the main technological processes. In engineering, drilling tools are tripped and drilling tool assemblies are changed to realize this process. The centralizer is the core part of the drilling tool assembly, and it will consume a lot of time and economic cost to install different centralizers every time the drilling tool is pulled out. In recent years, in deep and ultra-deep wells, large-scale well sections have become longer and larger, and the size of centralizers has also become larger and larger. Compared with conventional well sections, the process of using directional drilling technology in large-scale well sections is more complicated. The invention designs a large-diameter-variable centralizer, which changes the drilling tool assembly of a large-sized well section by controlling the pump pressure, and greatly reduces the number of tripping operations in the directional drilling process.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是：为了实现改变大尺寸井段钻具组合，减少定向钻井过程中的起下作业次数，特提供一种柱塞式大变径扶正器。The object of the present invention is to provide a plunger-type large-diameter centralizer in order to change the drilling tool assembly of a large-sized well section and reduce the number of tripping operations in the directional drilling process.
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种柱塞式大变径扶正器，是由上接头、卡簧、柱塞座、柱塞、上滑套、上连杆、扶正筒芯轴、扶正筒、主筒体、扶正体、切削齿、螺钉a、下连杆、浮动活塞、下滑套、弹簧、封隔塞、下接头、螺钉b、封油座组成；其结构特征是：主筒体上部设置有一台阶，台阶面轴向设置六个柱塞孔，六个柱塞孔在圆周方向均匀分布，六个柱塞分别置入主筒体六个柱塞孔内，柱塞上部设置有一小直径段，小直径段设置有环形凹槽，柱塞座为一环形圆板，柱塞座圆周方向均匀设置六个通孔，六个柱塞的小直径段分别插入柱塞座六个通孔，卡簧安装在柱塞小直径段的环形凹槽内；上接头下部与主筒体丝扣连接，上部与钻井管柱丝扣连接；主筒体径向设置有六个通孔，六个径向通孔轴向错位，相邻两个通孔圆周方向呈120°分布，径向通孔内部设置有两级台阶，扶正筒一端封闭，该端面设置有螺纹盲孔，另一端外侧设置有凸起台阶，扶正筒芯轴一端外侧设置有凸起台阶，另一端插入扶正筒内腔，扶正筒芯轴和扶正筒的接触面用密封圈密封，六个扶正筒和六个扶正筒芯轴分别安装在主筒体六个径向通孔内，扶正筒与主筒体通孔的接触面用密封圈密封，扶正筒芯轴与主筒体通孔的接触面用密封圈密封，主筒体径向通孔大端与封油座丝扣连接，封油座设置有一通孔，通孔一端设置有丝扣，封油座通孔与螺钉b丝扣连接；主筒体下端外缘设置一环形台阶，台阶内侧设置有丝扣与下接头连接，主筒体与下接头的接触面用密封圈密封，主筒体设置有六个进油流道分别连通六个柱塞孔底面和六个径向通孔的大端，主筒体轴向设置三个排油流道连通主筒体上部台阶面和下端面，三个排油流道分别穿过相同相位径向通孔的小直径段，主筒体设置六个钻井液分支流道连通主筒体下端环形台阶端面和上部内腔，六个钻井液分支流道的截面面积之和等于中心流道截面面积，六个钻井液分支流道空间上和六个径向通孔不相交；下接头下部与钻井管柱丝扣连接，下接头上部设置有一台阶，台阶端面设置有一圈环形凹槽，下接头设置六个钻井液分支流道连通环形凹槽和下部内腔；浮动活塞与下接头内腔间隙配合，配合面用密封圈密封，弹簧置入下接头内腔，呈压缩状态安装在浮动活塞上，封隔塞与下接头内腔丝扣连接，下接头径向设置有三个通孔连通下接头内外腔空间，三个通孔周向均匀分布，三个通孔和下接头六个钻井液分支流道不相交；扶正体分别与周向相同相位的两个扶正筒用螺钉a固定连接，上滑套外壁设置有三个铰链支座，三个铰链支座空间位置分布与主筒体上部三个径向通孔空间位置分布一致，上滑套与上接头间隙配合，上滑套可在上接头表面自由滑动，三个上连杆一端分别与上滑套三个铰链支座铰接，另一端分别与三个扶正体上端铰接，下滑套外壁设置有三个铰链支座，三个铰链支座空间位置分布与主筒体下部三个径向通孔空间位置分布一致，下滑套与下接头间隙配合，下滑套可在下接头表面自由滑动，三个下连杆一端分别与下滑套三个铰链支座铰接，另一端分别与三个扶正体下端铰接；上连杆，扶正体和下连杆均镶嵌有切削齿。In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a plunger-type large-diameter centralizer, which is composed of an upper joint, a retaining spring, a plunger seat, a plunger, an upper sliding sleeve, an upper connecting rod, and a centering shaft , centralizing cylinder, main cylinder, centralizing body, cutting tooth, screw a, lower connecting rod, floating piston, sliding sleeve, spring, packing plug, lower joint, screw b, oil sealing seat; its structural features are: main There is a step on the upper part of the cylinder, six plunger holes are arranged in the axial direction of the step surface, and the six plunger holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The six plungers are respectively placed in the six plunger holes of the main cylinder, and the upper part of the plunger is set There is a small diameter section, the small diameter section is provided with an annular groove, the plunger seat is an annular disc, and six through holes are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the plunger seat, and the small diameter sections of the six plungers are inserted into six plunger seat respectively. The through hole, the circlip is installed in the annular groove of the small diameter section of the plunger; the lower part of the upper joint is connected with the threaded thread of the main cylinder, and the upper part is connected with the threaded thread of the drilling string; the main cylinder is radially provided with six through holes, Six radial through holes are axially misaligned, and the circumferential direction of two adjacent through holes is distributed at 120°. There are two steps inside the radial through holes. One end of the centralizing cylinder is closed, and the end face is provided with threaded blind holes. A raised step is provided, and a raised step is provided on the outside of one end of the mandrel of the centralizing cylinder, and the other end is inserted into the inner cavity of the centralizing cylinder, and the contact surface between the mandrel of the centralizing cylinder and the centralizing cylinder is sealed with a sealing ring, six centralizing cylinders and six centralizing cylinders The mandrels are respectively installed in the six radial through holes of the main cylinder. The contact surface between the centralizing cylinder and the through hole of the main cylinder is sealed with a sealing ring, and the contact surface between the centralizing cylinder mandrel and the through hole of the main cylinder is sealed with a sealing ring. The large end of the radial through hole of the main cylinder is connected with the threaded thread of the oil sealing seat, and the oil sealing seat is provided with a through hole, and one end of the through hole is provided with a threaded thread, and the through hole of the oil sealing seat is connected with the screw b threaded; the outer edge of the lower end of the main cylinder is provided with A ring-shaped step, the inner side of the step is provided with a screw to connect with the lower joint, the contact surface between the main cylinder body and the lower joint is sealed with a sealing ring, and the main cylinder body is provided with six oil inlet passages respectively connected to the bottom surface of the six plunger holes and six At the large end of a radial through hole, the main cylinder is axially provided with three oil discharge passages connected to the upper step surface and the lower end surface of the main cylinder, and the three oil discharge passages pass through the small diameter of the same phase radial through hole respectively. section, the main cylinder is provided with six drilling fluid branch flow channels to connect the lower annular step end surface of the main cylinder body and the upper inner cavity, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the six drilling fluid branch flow channels is equal to the cross-sectional area of the central flow channel, and the six drilling fluid branch channels The tributary flow space does not intersect with the six radial through holes; the lower part of the lower joint is connected with the drilling string screw, the upper part of the lower joint is provided with a step, and the end face of the step is provided with a circle of annular grooves, and the lower joint is provided with six drilling fluid branch flows The channel communicates with the annular groove and the lower inner cavity; the floating piston fits with the inner cavity of the lower joint, and the mating surface is sealed with a sealing ring. The spring is placed in the inner cavity of the lower joint, and is installed on the floating piston in a compressed state. The inner cavity is threaded, and the lower joint is radially provided with three through holes connecting the inner and outer cavity spaces of the lower joint. The three through holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the three through holes and the six drilling fluid branch channels of the lower joint do not intersect; The two centralizing tubes that are in the same phase as the circumferential direction are fixedly connected with screws a, and the outer wall of the upper sliding sleeve is provided with three hinge supports. seat, the spatial distribution of the three hinge supports is consistent with the spatial distribution of the three radial through-holes on the upper part of the main cylinder, the upper sliding sleeve and the upper joint are in clearance fit, the upper sliding sleeve can slide freely on the surface of the upper joint, and the three upper joints One end of the rod is respectively hinged with the three hinge supports of the upper sliding sleeve, and the other end is respectively hinged with the upper ends of the three centralizers. The outer wall of the lower sleeve is provided with three hinge supports. The spatial positions of the radial through holes are uniformly distributed, the sliding sleeve and the lower joint are in clearance fit, and the sliding sleeve can slide freely on the surface of the lower joint. The lower end of the body is hinged; the upper connecting rod, the centralizing body and the lower connecting rod are all inlaid with cutting teeth.
本发明的有益效果是：(1)本扶正器变径范围大，变径后最大直径是变径前最大直径的两倍以上；(2)该扶正器六个扶正筒运动同步，变径过程扶正力稳定；(3)该扶正器采用液压驱动方式，井下控制简单可靠；(4)起下作业过程中，对井壁有切削作用，有效避免卡埋事故。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) the centralizer has a wide range of diameter reduction, and the maximum diameter after the diameter reduction is more than twice the maximum diameter before the diameter reduction; (2) the six centralizing cylinders of the centralizer move synchronously, and the diameter reduction process The centralizing force is stable; (3) The centralizer adopts hydraulic drive mode, and the downhole control is simple and reliable; (4) During the lifting operation, it has a cutting effect on the well wall, effectively avoiding stuck accidents.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一种柱塞式大变径扶正器扶正筒撑开状态的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a centralizing cylinder of a plunger-type large-diameter centralizer of the present invention in a stretched state;
图2是本发明一种柱塞式大变径扶正器扶正筒收回状态的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the retracted state of the centralizing cylinder of a plunger-type large-diameter centralizer of the present invention;
图3是图1A-A截面剖视图；Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 1A-A;
图4是图2B-B截面剖视图；Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 2B-B;
图5是图2C-C截面剖视图；Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 2C-C;
图6是图2D-D截面剖视图；Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 2D-D;
图7是图2E-E截面剖视图；Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 2E-E;
图中：1.上接头、2.卡簧、3.柱塞座、4.柱塞、5.上滑套、6.上连杆、7.扶正筒芯轴、8.扶正筒、9.主筒体、10.扶正体、11.切削齿、12.螺钉a、13.下连杆、14.浮动活塞、15.下滑套、16.弹簧、17.封隔塞、18.下接头、19.螺钉b、20.封油座In the figure: 1. Upper joint, 2. Circlip, 3. Plunger seat, 4. Plunger, 5. Upper sliding sleeve, 6. Upper connecting rod, 7. Centralizing cylinder mandrel, 8. Centralizing cylinder, 9. Main cylinder, 10. Centralizing body, 11. Cutting tooth, 12. Screw a, 13. Lower connecting rod, 14. Floating piston, 15. Sliding sleeve, 16. Spring, 17. Packing plug, 18. Lower joint, 19. Screw b, 20. Oil seal seat
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图1和图2所示，本发明一种柱塞式大变径扶正器，包括上接头1、卡簧2、柱塞座3、柱塞4、上滑套5、上连杆6、扶正筒芯轴7、扶正筒8、主筒体9、扶正体10、切削齿11、螺钉a12、下连杆13、浮动活塞14、下滑套15、弹簧16、封隔塞17、下接头18、螺钉b19、封油座20；其结构特征是：主筒体9上部设置有一台阶，台阶面轴向设置六个柱塞孔，六个柱塞孔在圆周方向均匀分布，六个柱塞4分别置入主筒体9六个柱塞孔内，柱塞4上部设置有一小直径段，小直径段设置有环形凹槽，柱塞座3为一环形圆板，柱塞座3圆周方向均匀设置六个通孔，六个柱塞4的小直径段分别插入柱塞座3六个通孔，卡簧2安装在柱塞4小直径段的环形凹槽内；上接头1下部与主筒体9丝扣连接，上部与钻井管柱丝扣连接；主筒体9径向设置有六个通孔，六个径向通孔轴向错位，相邻两个径向通孔圆周方向呈120°分布，扶正筒8一端封闭，该端面设置有螺纹盲孔，另一端外侧设置有凸起台阶，扶正筒芯轴7一端外侧设置有凸起台阶，另一端插入扶正筒8内腔，扶正筒芯轴7和扶正筒8的接触面用密封圈密封，六个扶正筒8和六个扶正筒芯轴7分别安装在主筒体9六个径向通孔内，扶正筒8与主筒体9径向通孔的接触面用密封圈密封，扶正筒芯轴7与主筒体9径向通孔的接触面用密封圈密封，主筒体9径向通孔大端与封油座20丝扣连接，封油座20设置有轴向通孔，通孔一端设置有丝扣，封油座20通孔与螺钉b19丝扣连接；主筒体9下端外缘设置一环形台阶，台阶内侧设置有丝扣与下接头18连接，主筒体9与下接头18的接触面用密封圈密封，主筒体9设置有六个进油流道9a分别连通六个柱塞孔底面和六个径向通孔的大端，主筒体9轴向设置三个排油流道9b连通主筒体9上部台阶面和下端面，三个排油流道9b分别穿过相同相位径向通孔的小直径段，主筒体9设置六个钻井液分支流道9c连通主筒体9下端环形台阶端面和上部内腔，六个钻井液分支流道9c的截面面积之和等于中心流道截面面积，六个钻井液分支流道9c空间上和六个径向通孔不相交；下接头18下部与钻井管柱丝扣连接，下接头18上部设置有一台阶，台阶端面设置有一圈环形凹槽，下接头18设置六个钻井液分支流道18a连通环形凹槽和下部内腔；浮动活塞14与下接头18内腔间隙配合，浮动活塞14和下接头18内腔的配合面用密封圈密封，弹簧16置入下接头18内腔，呈压缩状态安装在浮动活塞14上，封隔塞17与下接头18内腔丝扣连接，下接头18径向设置有三个通孔连通下接头18内外腔空间，三个通孔周向均匀分布；扶正体10分别与周向相同相位的两个扶正筒8用螺钉a12固定连接，上滑套5外壁设置有三个铰链支座，三个铰链支座空间位置分布与主筒体9上部三个径向通孔空间位置分布一致，上滑套5与上接头1间隙配合，三个上连杆6一端分别与上滑套5三个铰链支座铰接，另一端分别与三个扶正体10上端铰接，下滑套15外壁设置有三个铰链支座，三个铰链支座空间位置分布与主筒体9下部三个径向通孔空间位置分布一致，下滑套15与下接头18间隙配合，三个下连杆13一端分别与下滑套15三个铰链支座铰接，另一端分别与三个扶正体10下端铰接；上连杆6，扶正体10和下连杆13均镶嵌有切削齿11。As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a plunger-type large-diameter centralizer of the present invention includes an upper joint 1, a retaining spring 2, a plunger seat 3, a plunger 4, an upper sliding sleeve 5, an upper connecting rod 6, Centralizing cylinder core shaft 7, centralizing cylinder 8, main cylinder body 9, centralizing body 10, cutting tooth 11, screw a12, lower connecting rod 13, floating piston 14, sliding sleeve 15, spring 16, packing plug 17, lower joint 18 , screw b19, oil seal seat 20; its structural features are: there is a step on the upper part of the main cylinder 9, six plunger holes are arranged axially on the step surface, the six plunger holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the six plunger 4 Put them into the six plunger holes of the main cylinder body 9 respectively, the upper part of the plunger 4 is provided with a small diameter section, the small diameter section is provided with an annular groove, the plunger seat 3 is an annular disc, and the circumferential direction of the plunger seat 3 is uniform Set six through holes, the small diameter sections of the six plungers 4 are respectively inserted into the six through holes of the plunger seat 3, the circlip 2 is installed in the annular groove of the small diameter sections of the plunger 4; the lower part of the upper joint 1 and the main cylinder The body 9 is connected by thread, and the upper part is connected with the drilling string by thread; the main cylinder 9 is radially provided with six through holes, the six radial through holes are axially misaligned, and the circumferential direction of two adjacent radial through holes is 120°. ° distribution, one end of the centralizing cylinder 8 is closed, the end surface is provided with a threaded blind hole, and a raised step is provided on the outside of the other end. The contact surfaces of the mandrel 7 and the centralizing cylinder 8 are sealed with sealing rings, and the six centralizing cylinders 8 and the six centralizing cylinder mandrels 7 are respectively installed in the six radial through holes of the main cylinder body 9, and the centralizing cylinder 8 and the main cylinder body 9 The contact surface of the radial through hole is sealed with a sealing ring, the contact surface of the centralizing cylinder mandrel 7 and the radial through hole of the main cylinder 9 is sealed with a sealing ring, and the big end of the radial through hole of the main cylinder 9 is threaded with the oil sealing seat 20 connection, the oil sealing seat 20 is provided with an axial through hole, and one end of the through hole is provided with a screw thread, and the through hole of the oil sealing seat 20 is connected with the screw b19 thread; The screw thread is connected with the lower joint 18, and the contact surface between the main cylinder body 9 and the lower joint 18 is sealed with a sealing ring. The main cylinder body 9 is provided with six oil inlet passages 9a respectively connected to the bottom surface of the six plunger holes and six radial At the large end of the through hole, the main cylinder body 9 is axially provided with three oil discharge channels 9b to communicate with the upper step surface and the lower end surface of the main cylinder body 9, and the three oil discharge channels 9b pass through the small holes of the same phase radial through hole respectively. In the diameter section, the main cylinder body 9 is provided with six drilling fluid branch flow channels 9c to communicate with the lower annular step end surface of the main cylinder body 9 and the upper inner cavity, and the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the six drilling fluid branch flow channels 9c is equal to the cross-sectional area of the central flow channel. The six drilling fluid branch flow channels 9c do not intersect with the six radial through holes in space; the lower part of the lower joint 18 is connected with the drilling string thread, and the upper part of the lower joint 18 is provided with a step, and the end surface of the step is provided with a circle of annular grooves. The joint 18 is provided with six drilling fluid branch channels 18a to communicate with the annular groove and the lower inner cavity; the floating piston 14 is in clearance fit with the inner cavity of the lower joint 18, and the mating surface of the floating piston 14 and the inner cavity of the lower joint 18 is sealed with a sealing ring, and the spring 16 is placed in the inner cavity of the lower joint 18, and is installed on the floating piston 14 in a compressed state, and the packing plug 17 It is connected with the inner cavity thread of the lower joint 18. The lower joint 18 is provided with three through holes in the radial direction to communicate with the inner and outer cavity space of the lower joint 18. The three through holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction; The cylinder 8 is fixedly connected with the screw a12, and the outer wall of the upper sliding sleeve 5 is provided with three hinge supports. The upper joint 1 is clearance fit, one end of the three upper connecting rods 6 is respectively hinged with the three hinge supports of the upper sliding sleeve 5, and the other end is respectively hinged with the upper ends of the three centralizers 10, and the outer wall of the lower sleeve 15 is provided with three hinge supports. The spatial position distribution of each hinge support is consistent with the spatial position distribution of the three radial through holes in the lower part of the main cylinder body 9. The sliding sleeve 15 is in clearance fit with the lower joint 18, and one end of the three lower connecting rods 13 is respectively connected with the three hinge supports of the sliding sleeve 15. The seat is hinged, and the other end is respectively hinged with the lower ends of three centralizers 10; the upper connecting rod 6, the centralizer 10 and the lower connecting rod 13 are all inlaid with cutting teeth 11.
如图3和图6所示，本发明一种柱塞式大变径扶正器的主筒体9径向通孔内部设置有两级台阶，扶正筒8一端封闭，该端部用螺钉a12与扶正体10固定连接，另一端外侧设置有凸起台阶，台阶外缘设置有通油槽，扶正筒芯轴7一端外侧设置有凸起台阶，另一端插入扶正筒8内腔，扶正筒芯轴7和扶正筒8的接触面用密封圈密封，扶正筒8和扶正筒芯轴7安装在主筒体9径向通孔内，扶正筒8与主筒体9径向通孔的接触面用密封圈密封，扶正筒芯轴7与主筒体9径向通孔的接触面用密封圈密封，主筒体9径向通孔大端与封油座20丝扣连接，封油座20设置有轴向通孔，通孔一端设置有丝扣，封油座20通孔与螺钉b19丝扣连接。As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 6, a plunger-type large-diameter centralizer of the present invention has two steps inside the radial through hole of the main cylinder 9, and one end of the centralizing cylinder 8 is closed, and the end is connected with a screw a12 The centralizing body 10 is fixedly connected, and the other end is provided with a raised step outside, and the outer edge of the step is provided with an oil passage groove, and one end of the centralizing cylinder mandrel 7 is provided with a raised step outside, and the other end is inserted into the inner cavity of the centralizing cylinder 8, and the centralizing cylinder mandrel 7 The contact surface with the centralizing cylinder 8 is sealed with a sealing ring, the centralizing cylinder 8 and the mandrel 7 of the centralizing cylinder are installed in the radial through hole of the main cylinder 9, and the contact surface between the centralizing cylinder 8 and the radial through hole of the main cylinder 9 is sealed with a sealing ring. ring seal, the contact surface between the mandrel shaft 7 of the centralizing cylinder and the radial through hole of the main cylinder body 9 is sealed with a seal ring, and the big end of the radial through hole of the main cylinder body 9 is connected with the oil seal seat 20 with a screw thread, and the oil seal seat 20 is provided with an axial A through hole, one end of the through hole is provided with a threaded thread, and the through hole of the oil sealing seat 20 is connected with the screw b19 threaded.
如图4、图5和图6所示，本发明一种柱塞式大变径扶正器的主筒体9的台阶面轴向设置六个柱塞孔，六个柱塞孔在圆周方向均匀分布，主筒体9设置有六个进油流道9a分别连通六个柱塞孔底面和六个径向通孔的大端，主筒体9轴向设置三个排油流道9b连通主筒体上部台阶面和下端面，三个排油流道9b分别穿过相同相位径向通孔的小直径段，主筒体9设置六个钻井液分支流道9c连通主筒体9下端环形台阶端面和上部内腔，六个钻井液分支流道9c的截面面积之和等于中心流道截面面积，六个钻井液分支流道9c空间上和六个径向通孔不相交。As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the step surface of the main cylinder body 9 of a plunger-type large-diameter centralizer of the present invention is provided with six plunger holes in the axial direction, and the six plunger holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. distribution, the main cylinder body 9 is provided with six oil inlet passages 9a respectively connected to the bottom surfaces of six plunger holes and the large ends of six radial through holes, and the main cylinder body 9 is axially provided with three oil discharge passages 9b connected to the main The upper step surface and the lower end surface of the cylinder body, three oil discharge flow channels 9b pass through the small diameter sections of the radial through holes of the same phase respectively, and the main cylinder body 9 is provided with six drilling fluid branch flow channels 9c to communicate with the lower end of the main cylinder body 9 The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the six drilling fluid branch flow channels 9c on the step end surface and the upper inner cavity is equal to the central flow channel cross-sectional area, and the six drilling fluid branch flow channels 9c do not intersect with the six radial through holes in space.
如图7所示，本发明一种柱塞式大变径扶正器的的下接头18设置六个钻井液分支流道18a连通环形凹槽和下部内腔，下接头18径向设置有三个通孔连通下接头18内外腔空间，三个通孔周向均匀分布，三个通孔和下接头18六个钻井液分支流道18a不相交。As shown in Figure 7, the lower joint 18 of a plunger-type large-diameter centralizer of the present invention is provided with six drilling fluid branch channels 18a to communicate with the annular groove and the lower inner cavity, and the lower joint 18 is radially provided with three channels. The holes communicate with the inner and outer cavity spaces of the lower joint 18, the three through holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the three through holes do not intersect with the six drilling fluid branch channels 18a of the lower joint 18.
本发明一种柱塞式大变径扶正器的工作原理是：本发明下入井下初始状态扶正筒8收回，加大钻井泵排量，由于钻井液分支流道9c的节流降压作用，使得作用在柱塞座3上的推力增加，，达到足够排量后，柱塞座3向下运动，柱塞4压缩主筒体9柱塞孔内液压油，液压油经过主筒体9进油流道9a向主筒体9径向通孔大端运动，扶正筒8和扶正筒芯轴7在液压油的作用下向外撑出；柱塞座3向下运动过程中，主筒体9上部台阶端面与柱塞座3之间的液压油经过主筒体9排油通道9b进入下接头18内腔，浮动活塞14向下运动，压缩弹簧16；停泵后，钻井液压力下降，在弹簧16弹力作用下，浮动活塞14向上运动，下接头18内腔液压油经过主筒体9排油通道9b推动柱塞座3向上运动，主筒体9径向通孔大端液压油经过主筒体9进油通道9a进入主筒体9柱塞孔内，扶正筒8和扶正筒芯轴7径向收回；再次开泵并增加泵的排量，达到一定排量后可再次实现扶正筒8和扶正筒芯轴7在液压油的作用下向外撑出，从而实现了采用泵的启停方式实现稳定器的大范围变径的目的。The working principle of a plunger-type large-diameter centralizer of the present invention is: the centralizing cylinder 8 of the present invention is retracted in the initial state when it is lowered into the well, and the displacement of the drilling pump is increased. The thrust acting on the plunger seat 3 increases, and when the sufficient displacement is reached, the plunger seat 3 moves downward, the plunger 4 compresses the hydraulic oil in the plunger hole of the main cylinder body 9, and the hydraulic oil enters through the main cylinder body 9 The oil channel 9a moves toward the large end of the radial through hole of the main cylinder 9, and the centralizing cylinder 8 and the mandrel 7 of the centralizing cylinder are pushed out under the action of hydraulic oil; during the downward movement of the plunger seat 3, the upper part of the main cylinder 9 The hydraulic oil between the end surface of the step and the plunger seat 3 enters the inner cavity of the lower joint 18 through the oil discharge channel 9b of the main cylinder 9, and the floating piston 14 moves downward to compress the spring 16; Under the action of the elastic force of 16, the floating piston 14 moves upward, the hydraulic oil in the lower joint 18 passes through the oil discharge channel 9b of the main cylinder 9 to push the plunger seat 3 to move upward, and the hydraulic oil at the large end of the radial through hole of the main cylinder 9 passes through the main cylinder 9 The oil inlet channel 9a enters the plunger hole of the main cylinder body 9, and the centralizing cylinder 8 and centralizing cylinder mandrel 7 are retracted radially; the pump is turned on again and the displacement of the pump is increased. The barrel mandrel 7 is stretched out under the action of the hydraulic oil, thereby achieving the purpose of realizing the large-scale diameter reduction of the stabilizer by using the start-stop mode of the pump.
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| CN106930698A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-07-07 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of tool-face positioner |
| CN110924876A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-03-27 | 无棣荣业网具有限公司 | A but, reducing centralizer for pneumatic drill spraying |
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| CN113389494A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-14 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Variable-diameter type straightening drilling tool assembly and hole forming method |
| CN115613968A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-01-17 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | High build rate rotary steering drilling tool assembly with reducing centralizer and use method thereof |
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| CN113389494A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-14 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Variable-diameter type straightening drilling tool assembly and hole forming method |
| CN115613968A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-01-17 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | High build rate rotary steering drilling tool assembly with reducing centralizer and use method thereof |
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