CN104349290A - Methods and equipment for sending and receiving paging message in MTC (machine type communication) - Google Patents
Methods and equipment for sending and receiving paging message in MTC (machine type communication) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种在机器类型通信(MTC)中发送寻呼消息的方法,包括:计算寻呼消息的循环冗余校验(CRC)码,其中所述寻呼消息包括一个目标MTC设备的标识;将计算得出的CRC码附加至所述寻呼消息中;从所述寻呼消息中移除所述目标MTC设备的所述标识的至少一部分;发送所述寻呼消息。本发明还提供了一种在机器类型通信(MTC)中接收寻呼消息的方法,以及对应上述方法的基站和MTC设备。本发明简化了用于覆盖增强的低成本MTC UE的寻呼消息,寻呼消息的有效载荷大小被减小,并且特定UE的覆盖增强需求被很好地支持,从而改进了用于低成本MTC UE的频谱效率。
The present invention provides a method for sending a paging message in machine type communication (MTC), comprising: calculating a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code of the paging message, wherein the paging message includes a target MTC device identification; appending the calculated CRC code to the paging message; removing at least a part of the identification of the target MTC device from the paging message; sending the paging message. The present invention also provides a method for receiving a paging message in machine type communication (MTC), as well as a base station and an MTC device corresponding to the above method. The present invention simplifies the paging message for low-cost MTC UE with coverage enhancement, the payload size of paging message is reduced, and the coverage enhancement requirement of specific UE is well supported, thereby improving the paging message for low-cost MTC UE. UE spectral efficiency.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明的实施例总体上涉及发送和接收寻呼消息的方法和设备。更具体地,本发明的实施例涉及一种在机器类型通信中发送和接收寻呼消息的方法、基站和机器类型通信设备。Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to methods and apparatus for sending and receiving paging messages. More particularly, embodiments of the present invention relate to a method of transmitting and receiving a paging message in machine type communication, a base station, and a machine type communication device.
背景技术Background technique
机器类型通信(MTC)设备是一种由用于特定应用的机器使用的用户设备(UE)。这样的MTC设备的一个示例是智能公用仪表。这些智能仪表中的一些位于地下室,它们遭受高穿透损耗,并且因此MTC设备与网络进行通信是困难的。因此,3GPP中通过了用于低成本MTC UE和覆盖增强的新工作项目。覆盖增强方面的目标在于将这样的MTC UE的覆盖扩展15dB。本发明中将这些UE称为CE-MTC(覆盖增强的MTC)UE。A Machine Type Communication (MTC) device is a type of User Equipment (UE) used by a machine for a specific application. One example of such an MTC device is a smart utility meter. Some of these smart meters are located in basements, they suffer from high penetration loss, and therefore it is difficult for MTC devices to communicate with the network. Therefore, a new work item for low-cost MTC UE and coverage enhancement has been approved in 3GPP. The goal of coverage enhancement is to extend the coverage of such MTC UEs by 15dB. These UEs are referred to as CE-MTC (Coverage Enhanced MTC) UEs in the present invention.
重复被确认为增强覆盖的主要技术。需要的重复数量被预期为是非常大的(几十次甚至上百次),这对频谱效率具有显著的影响。在实际的蜂窝网络中,对于在覆盖盲点中的不同MTC设备,所需要的覆盖扩展的量很可能在0dB和15dB的范围内变化。为了减轻由重复发射所引起的频谱效率损失,有必要对于具有不同覆盖要求的MTCUE配置不同的覆盖增强级别。通过广播用于跟踪区域内所有小区中的UE的寻呼消息,寻呼被用来通知处于空闲模式的UE。在已有的寻呼消息中,多个UE被复用进入一个寻呼消息,该寻呼消息在跟踪区域内所有小区中广播。寻呼消息因此被设计为到达小区中具有最差无线状况的UE。然而,这个机制对于CE-MTC变得非常低效,因为具有最弱无线状况(即15dB覆盖盲点)的CE-MTC UE与人们可以接受的无线状况(例如5dB覆盖盲点)之间的重复数量的差异是显著的。因此,待解决的技术问题是找到一种有效率的方式来发射用于CE-MTC UE的寻呼消息。Repetition was identified as the main technique to enhance coverage. The number of repetitions required is expected to be very large (tens or even hundreds), which has a significant impact on spectral efficiency. In an actual cellular network, for different MTC devices in coverage blind spots, the required amount of coverage extension is likely to vary between 0 dB and 15 dB. In order to alleviate the spectrum efficiency loss caused by repeated transmission, it is necessary to configure different coverage enhancement levels for MTC UEs with different coverage requirements. Paging is used to notify UEs in idle mode by broadcasting a paging message for UEs in all cells within the tracking area. In the existing paging message, multiple UEs are multiplexed into one paging message, and the paging message is broadcast in all cells in the tracking area. Paging messages are therefore designed to reach UEs in the cell with the worst radio conditions. However, this mechanism becomes very inefficient for CE-MTC because the number of repetitions between CE-MTC UEs with the weakest radio conditions (i.e. 15dB coverage holes) and acceptable radio conditions (e.g. 5dB coverage holes) The difference is significant. Therefore, the technical problem to be solved is to find an efficient way to transmit paging messages for CE-MTC UEs.
在最近一次RAN1#73会议中,3GPP刚刚讨论并同意了为低成本MTC UE支持多个覆盖增强级别的一般策略,以减轻覆盖增强的MTC的频谱效率。传统的寻呼消息不支持这样的特征,并且引起资源的浪费。就发明人所知,当前没有关于特定UE覆盖增强级别支持,以及使得寻呼消息的发射有效率的用于寻呼消息简化的实质性讨论。In a recent RAN1#73 meeting, 3GPP has just discussed and agreed on a general strategy to support multiple coverage enhancement levels for low-cost MTC UEs to mitigate the spectrum efficiency of coverage-enhanced MTC. Traditional paging messages do not support such features and cause waste of resources. As far as the inventors are aware, there is currently no substantive discussion regarding UE-specific coverage enhancement level support, and for paging message simplification to make transmission of paging messages efficient.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此,本发明实施方式的技术方案的基本思想将针对特定CE-MTC UE的寻呼消息作为目标,并且简化寻呼消息。In view of this, the basic idea of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention takes the paging message for a specific CE-MTC UE as the target, and simplifies the paging message.
因此,根据本发明实施方式的第一方面,提供了一种在机器类型通信(MTC)中发送寻呼消息的方法。该方法包括:计算寻呼消息的循环冗余校验(CRC)码,其中所述寻呼消息包括一个目标MTC设备的标识;将计算得出的CRC码附加至所述寻呼消息中;从所述寻呼消息中移除所述目标MTC设备的所述标识的至少一部分;发送所述寻呼消息。Therefore, according to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for sending a paging message in Machine Type Communication (MTC) is provided. The method includes: calculating a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code of a paging message, wherein the paging message includes an identifier of a target MTC device; appending the calculated CRC code to the paging message; removing at least a part of the identity of the target MTC device from the paging message; and sending the paging message.
根据本发明实施方式的第二方面,提供了一种在机器类型通信(MTC)中接收寻呼消息的方法。该方法包括:MTC设备接收寻呼消息;所述MTC设备将自身的标识的至少一部分附加至所接收的寻呼消息中;对附加所述MTC设备的标识的寻呼消息进行CRC校验;如果所述CRC校验通过,则所述MTC设备确定所述寻呼消息是发给自己的;如果所述CRC校验不通过,则所述MTC设备丢弃所述寻呼消息。According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method of receiving a paging message in Machine Type Communication (MTC). The method includes: the MTC device receives a paging message; the MTC device attaches at least a part of its own identity to the received paging message; performs a CRC check on the paging message to which the MTC device identity is added; if If the CRC check passes, the MTC device determines that the paging message is sent to itself; if the CRC check fails, the MTC device discards the paging message.
根据本发明实施方式的第三方面,提供了一种基站,包括:计算模块,被配置为计算寻呼消息的循环冗余校验(CRC)码,其中所述寻呼消息包括一个目标机器类型通信(MTC)设备的标识;寻呼消息处理模块,被配置为将计算得出的CRC码附加至所述寻呼消息中,并且从所述寻呼消息中移除所述目标MTC设备的所述标识的至少一部分;发送模块,被配置为发送所述寻呼消息。According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a base station, including: a calculation module configured to calculate a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code of a paging message, wherein the paging message includes a target machine type An identification of a communication (MTC) device; a paging message processing module configured to attach the calculated CRC code to the paging message, and remove all of the target MTC device from the paging message at least a part of the identification; a sending module configured to send the paging message.
根据本发明实施方式的第四方面,提供了一种机器类型通信(MTC)设备,包括:接收模块,被配置为接收寻呼消息;计算模块,被配置为将所述MTC设备的标识的至少一部分附加至所接收的寻呼消息中,并对附加所述MTC设备的标识的寻呼消息进行CRC校验;判断模块,被配置为:如果所述CRC校验通过,则所述MTC设备确定所述寻呼消息是发给自己的;如果所述CRC校验不通过,则所述MTC设备丢弃所述寻呼消息。According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a machine type communication (MTC) device, including: a receiving module configured to receive a paging message; a computing module configured to convert at least Part of it is added to the received paging message, and a CRC check is performed on the paging message with the identifier of the MTC device; the judging module is configured to: if the CRC check passes, the MTC device determines The paging message is sent to itself; if the CRC check fails, the MTC device discards the paging message.
根据本发明实施方式的第五方面,提供了一种通信系统,包括上述基站和机器类型通信设备。According to a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a communication system is provided, including the foregoing base station and a machine type communication device.
根据本发明的实施方式的技术方案,简化了用于覆盖增强的低成本MTC UE的寻呼消息。寻呼消息的有效载荷大小被减小,并且特定UE的覆盖增强需求被很好地支持。作为结果,改进了用于低成本MTCUE的频谱效率。According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the paging message for the low-cost MTC UE with enhanced coverage is simplified. The payload size of paging messages is reduced and the coverage enhancement needs of specific UEs are well supported. As a result, spectral efficiency for low-cost MTC UEs is improved.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1示出根据本发明实施方式的一种在机器类型通信(MTC)中发送寻呼消息的方法的流程图。Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a method for sending a paging message in Machine Type Communication (MTC) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图2示出根据本发明实施方式的一种在机器类型通信(MTC)中接收寻呼消息的方法的流程图。Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a method for receiving a paging message in Machine Type Communication (MTC) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图3示出根据本发明实施方式的一种基站的结构框图。Fig. 3 shows a structural block diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图4示出根据本发明实施方式的一种机器类型通信(MTC)设备的结构框图。Fig. 4 shows a structural block diagram of a machine type communication (MTC) device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图5示出根据本发明的一个实施例,直接移除全部或部分UE标识的用于MTC的简单寻呼消息的处理流程图。Fig. 5 shows a flow chart of directly removing all or part of UE-identified simple paging messages for MTC according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图6示出根据本发明的实施例,UE的寻呼消息接收流程图。Fig. 6 shows a flowchart of receiving a paging message by a UE according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面,将对本发明的实施例进行详细地描述。在以下描述中,一些具体的实施例仅用于描述的目的,而不应当理解为对办发明的限制,这些实施例只是本发明的示例。需要指出的是,实施例中仅描述了本发明与现有技术之间的区别,而省略了对常规结构或手段的描述,以免导致对本发明的理解不清楚。Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. In the following description, some specific embodiments are only used for the purpose of description, and should not be construed as limiting the invention, and these embodiments are only examples of the present invention. It should be pointed out that the embodiments only describe the differences between the present invention and the prior art, and omit descriptions of conventional structures or means, so as not to cause unclear understanding of the present invention.
首先,发明人认识到CE-MTC UE不具有移动性,并且因此在空闲模式期间将被附接至单个小区。应当意识到,很多CE-MTC UE仅在一天中的非忙碌时间(例如,1am至3am)可以操作,其中它将发送/接收较短的信息后进入idle状态。这样频谱是非常低效的,并且因此CE-MTC UE将很可能被关闭。因此,在空闲模式期间,小区中将存在任何改变是非常不可能的。这允许寻呼消息使用适合于特定CE-MTC UE的无线状况的重复数量,以特定的CE-MTC UE为目标。First, the inventors realized that a CE-MTC UE has no mobility and thus will be attached to a single cell during idle mode. It should be realized that many CE-MTC UEs are only operational during non-busy hours of the day (eg, 1am to 3am), where it will enter the idle state after sending/receiving short messages. Such spectrum is very inefficient and therefore CE-MTC UEs will most likely be switched off. Therefore, it is very unlikely that there will be any change in the cell during idle mode. This allows paging messages to be targeted to specific CE-MTC UEs using a repetition number appropriate to the radio conditions of the specific CE-MTC UE.
进一步,发明人认识到使用已有的寻呼消息以单个UE为目标的第一方面,将降低复用增益并且增加平均有效载荷大小。若每个寻呼消息只对应一个特定用户的消息,则该寻呼消息可按照特定用户的需求确定合适的重复数量,避免不必要的冗余重复;而且寻呼消息可通过另外的简化抵消复用增益的损失,甚至带来频谱效率的提高。这通过仅发射消息中的部分用户标识,并且剩余部分与传输块的CRC一起被掩码,通过减小寻呼消息中的用户标识的大小而完成,例如IMSI或S-IMSI。应当注意,对于这样的寻呼消息,传统P-RNTI不再被使用并且因此不被掩码至CRC。Further, the inventors realized that the first aspect of using existing paging messages to target a single UE would reduce the multiplexing gain and increase the average payload size. If each paging message only corresponds to a specific user's message, then the paging message can determine the appropriate number of repetitions according to the needs of the specific user to avoid unnecessary redundant repetition; and the paging message can be repeated through additional simplification. With the loss of gain, it even brings about the improvement of spectral efficiency. This is done by reducing the size of the user identity in the paging message, eg IMSI or S-IMSI, by transmitting only part of the user identity in the message and the remaining part is masked together with the CRC of the transport block. It should be noted that for such paging messages the legacy P-RNTI is no longer used and thus not masked to the CRC.
在3GPP的讨论中,一个候选方案是,PDCCH不用于向CE-MTCUE指出可能的寻呼消息,由预定义的PDSCH资源(例如,在SIB中或在说明书中所指出的)用于携带寻呼消息。本发明完全支持这种候选方案的应用。这个PDSCH资源将被重复,并且将开始于寻呼消息被预期的寻呼场合的子帧中的开始。应当注意,如果没有寻呼消息,这个PDSCH资源能够被用于其他发射,并且尝试为寻呼消息解码它的CE-MTC UE将会失败。In the 3GPP discussion, one alternative is that the PDCCH is not used to indicate possible paging messages to the CE-MTC UE, and the predefined PDSCH resource (eg, indicated in the SIB or in the specification) is used to carry the paging message information. The present invention fully supports the application of this alternative. This PDSCH resource will be repeated and will start at the beginning in the subframe of the paging occasion where the paging message is expected. It should be noted that if there is no paging message, this PDSCH resource can be used for other transmissions and a CE-MTC UE attempting to decode it for a paging message will fail.
最近,3GPP提出了对于低成本MTC UE将覆盖改进15dB,来为MTC销售商和运营商带来企业效益。需要增强的所有物理信道基于最小耦合损耗(MCL)计算。为了完成这个目标,时域重复被考虑为最重要的方法。Recently, 3GPP proposed to improve the coverage of low-cost MTC UE by 15dB to bring enterprise benefits to MTC vendors and operators. All physical channels that need to be enhanced are based on minimum coupling loss (MCL) calculations. To accomplish this goal, temporal repetition is considered as the most important method.
根据最近的仿真结果,需要几十至上百次的重复以满足最苛刻的要求。然而,注意15dB只是一种极端情形,并且由于不同的部署位置,大多数的MTC UE可能并不需要这样的巨大改进,由于频谱效率的损失,对于所有MTC UE重复最多的次数频谱不是有效率的。在最近的3GPP RAN1#73会议中,提出了并且支持了一种更有效率的方式。其关键思想是在一个小区中支持多个覆盖增强级别。对于每个个体的UE,根据基于它的信道状况的最佳匹配覆盖增强级别,将信息重复适当的次数。According to recent simulation results, tens to hundreds of repetitions are required to satisfy the most demanding requirements. However, note that 15dB is only an extreme case, and due to different deployment locations, most MTC UEs may not need such a huge improvement, due to the loss of spectral efficiency, it is not efficient for all MTC UEs to repeat the spectrum the most times . In the recent 3GPP RAN1#73 meeting, a more efficient way was proposed and supported. The key idea is to support multiple levels of coverage enhancement in one cell. For each individual UE, the information is repeated an appropriate number of times according to the best matching coverage enhancement level based on its channel conditions.
然而,当发射寻呼消息时,灵活地支持不同的特定UE覆盖增强级别并不容易。理由是,对于多个UE的寻呼信息通常复用在一个寻呼消息中。因此,为了确保所有相关UE的成功接收,寻呼消息必须支持最坏的UE覆盖增强级别。作为结果,对于其他UE的寻呼信息被过度地重复。这是一种资源的浪费,尤其是考虑到不同覆盖增强级别之间所需发射次数的显著差距。However, it is not easy to flexibly support different UE-specific coverage enhancement levels when paging messages are transmitted. The reason is that paging information for multiple UEs is usually multiplexed in one paging message. Therefore, to ensure successful reception by all relevant UEs, the paging message must support the worst UE coverage enhancement level. As a result, paging information for other UEs is excessively repeated. This is a waste of resources, especially considering the significant difference in the number of transmissions required between different levels of coverage enhancement.
本发明的实施方式提出了一种有效率的方案,以对于寻呼消息支持特定UE覆盖增强级别。本发明的实施方式设定每个寻呼消息仅服务一个特定的UE。在这样的情景中,本发明的实施方式简化了寻呼消息,通过至少部分地移除UE标识域,极大地减小了寻呼消息的有效载荷大小。UE标识的被移除部分通过CRC校验获得。总之,本发明的实施方式至少可以获得两个优点:减小了用于寻呼一个UE的平均有效载荷大小,并且很好地支持了特定UE覆盖增强级别。Embodiments of the present invention propose an efficient scheme to support specific UE coverage enhancement levels for paging messages. Embodiments of the present invention set each paging message to serve only one specific UE. In such a scenario, embodiments of the present invention simplify the paging message, greatly reducing the payload size of the paging message by at least partially removing the UE identity field. The removed part of the UE identity is obtained by CRC check. In a word, the embodiments of the present invention can obtain at least two advantages: the average payload size for paging a UE is reduced, and the UE-specific coverage enhancement level is well supported.
下面结合附图对本发明的示例性实施方式进行具体描述。Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
图1示出根据本发明实施方式的一种在机器类型通信(MTC)中发送寻呼消息的方法的流程图。Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a method for sending a paging message in Machine Type Communication (MTC) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
在步骤110中,首先计算寻呼消息的循环冗余校验(CRC)码,其中寻呼消息包括一个目标MTC设备的标识。根据本发明的一个优选的实施例,MTC设备的标识可以是IMSI或S-TMSI。根据本发明另一个优选的实施例,寻呼消息中的比特位图(bit map)中的1比特用于指示所述标识是IMSI还是S-TMSI。根据本发明的其他实施例,MTC设备的标识也可以是其他用于识别用户设备的标识。根据本发明另一个优选的实施例,MTC设备可以是覆盖增强的MTC(CE-MTC)设备。In step 110, a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code of the paging message is first calculated, wherein the paging message includes an identifier of a target MTC device. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the identifier of the MTC device may be IMSI or S-TMSI. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, 1 bit in the bit map (bit map) in the paging message is used to indicate whether the identifier is IMSI or S-TMSI. According to other embodiments of the present invention, the identifier of the MTC device may also be other identifiers used to identify the user equipment. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the MTC device may be a coverage-enhanced MTC (CE-MTC) device.
在步骤120中,将计算得出的CRC码附加至寻呼消息中。In step 120, the calculated CRC code is appended to the paging message.
在步骤130中,从寻呼消息中移除目标MTC设备标识的至少一部分。根据本发明的一个实施例,可以从寻呼消息中移除目标MTC设备标识的全部。根据本发明的另一个实施例,也可以从寻呼消息中移除目标MTC设备标识的一部分。In step 130, at least a part of the target MTC device identity is removed from the paging message. According to an embodiment of the present invention, all of the target MTC device identity can be removed from the paging message. According to another embodiment of the present invention, part of the identity of the target MTC device may also be removed from the paging message.
在步骤140中,发送寻呼消息。根据本发明的一个优选的实施方式,寻呼消息在被发送前进行信道编码。根据本发明的另一个优选的实施例,可以根据目标MTC设备的信道环境,确定寻呼消息的重复发送次数,并对寻呼消息进行重复发送。In step 140, a paging message is sent. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the paging message is channel-coded before being sent. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, according to the channel environment of the target MTC device, the number of repeated transmissions of the paging message can be determined, and the repeated transmission of the paging message can be performed.
图2示出根据本发明的一种在机器类型通信(MTC)中接收寻呼消息的方法的流程图。FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of a method for receiving a paging message in Machine Type Communication (MTC) according to the present invention.
在步骤210中,MTC设备接收寻呼消息。根据本发明一个优选的实施例,MTC设备可以是覆盖增强的MTC(CE-MTC)设备。根据本发明的另一个优选实施例,寻呼消息在接收后进行信道解码。In step 210, the MTC device receives a paging message. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the MTC device may be a coverage-enhanced MTC (CE-MTC) device. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the paging message is subjected to channel decoding after reception.
在步骤220中,MTC设备将自身的标识的至少一部分附加至所接收的寻呼消息中。根据本发明的一个实施例,MTC设备可以只将自身标识的一部分附加至所接收的寻呼消息中。根据本发明的另一个实施例,MTC设备也可以将自身标识的全部附加至所接收的寻呼消息中。根据本发明的一个实施例,MTC设备的所述标识是IMSI或S-TMSI。根据本发明的另一个实施例,寻呼消息中的比特位图中的1比特用于指示所述标识是IMSI还是S-TMSI。根据本发明的其他实施例,MTC设备的标识也可以是其他用于识别用户设备的标识。In step 220, the MTC device appends at least a part of its identity to the received paging message. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the MTC device may only add a part of its identity to the received paging message. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the MTC device may also add all of its own identity to the received paging message. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the identifier of the MTC device is IMSI or S-TMSI. According to another embodiment of the present invention, 1 bit in the bitmap in the paging message is used to indicate whether the identifier is an IMSI or an S-TMSI. According to other embodiments of the present invention, the identifier of the MTC device may also be other identifiers used to identify the user equipment.
在步骤230中,对附加MTC设备的标识的寻呼消息进行CRC校验。In step 230, a CRC check is performed on the paging message with the identifier of the MTC device attached.
在步骤240中,如果CRC校验通过,则MTC设备确定寻呼消息是发给自己的;如果CRC校验不通过,则MTC设备丢弃寻呼消息。In step 240, if the CRC check passes, the MTC device determines that the paging message is sent to itself; if the CRC check fails, the MTC device discards the paging message.
图3示出根据本发明的一种基站300的结构框图。Fig. 3 shows a structural block diagram of a base station 300 according to the present invention.
如图3所示,基站300包括计算模块310。计算模块310被配置为计算寻呼消息的循环冗余校验(CRC)码,其中寻呼消息包括一个目标机器类型通信(MTC)设备的标识。根据本发明的一个优选的实施例,MTC设备的标识可以是IMSI或S-TMSI。根据本发明另一个优选的实施例,寻呼消息中的比特位图中的1比特用于指示所述标识是IMSI还是S-TMSI。根据本发明的其他实施例,MTC设备的标识也可以是其他用于识别用户设备的标识。根据本发明另一个优选的实施例,MTC设备可以是覆盖增强的MTC(CE-MTC)设备。As shown in FIG. 3 , the base station 300 includes a calculation module 310 . The calculation module 310 is configured to calculate a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code of a paging message, wherein the paging message includes an identification of a target machine type communication (MTC) device. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the identifier of the MTC device may be IMSI or S-TMSI. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, 1 bit in the bitmap in the paging message is used to indicate whether the identifier is an IMSI or an S-TMSI. According to other embodiments of the present invention, the identifier of the MTC device may also be other identifiers used to identify the user equipment. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the MTC device may be a coverage-enhanced MTC (CE-MTC) device.
此外,基站300还包括寻呼消息处理模块320。寻呼消息处理模块320被配置为将计算得出的CRC码附加至寻呼消息中,并且从寻呼消息中移除目标MTC设备的标识的至少一部分。根据本发明的一个实施例,寻呼消息处理模块320可以从寻呼消息中移除目标MTC设备标识的全部,也可以从寻呼消息中移除目标MTC设备标识的一部分。In addition, the base station 300 also includes a paging message processing module 320 . The paging message processing module 320 is configured to append the calculated CRC code to the paging message, and remove at least a part of the identity of the target MTC device from the paging message. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the paging message processing module 320 may remove all of the target MTC device ID from the paging message, and may also remove a part of the target MTC device ID from the paging message.
此外,基站300还包括发送模块330。发送模块330被配置为发送所述寻呼消息。根据本发明的一个优选的实施方式,基站300还可以包括一个信道编码模块,用于寻呼消息在被发送前对其进行信道编码。根据本发明的另一个优选的实施例,发送模块330可以根据目标MTC设备的信道环境,确定寻呼消息的重复发送次数,并对寻呼消息进行重复发送。In addition, the base station 300 further includes a sending module 330 . The sending module 330 is configured to send the paging message. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base station 300 may further include a channel coding module, which is used to perform channel coding on the paging message before it is sent. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sending module 330 can determine the number of repeated sendings of the paging message according to the channel environment of the target MTC device, and send the paging message repeatedly.
图4示出根据本发明的一种机器类型通信(MTC)设备400的结构框图。FIG. 4 shows a structural block diagram of a machine type communication (MTC) device 400 according to the present invention.
如图4所示,MTC设备400包括接收模块410。接收模块410被配置为接收寻呼消息。根据本发明一个优选的实施例,MTC设备可以是覆盖增强的MTC(CE-MTC)设备。根据本发明的另一个优选实施例,寻呼消息在接收后进行信道解码。As shown in FIG. 4 , the MTC device 400 includes a receiving module 410 . The receiving module 410 is configured to receive paging messages. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the MTC device may be a coverage-enhanced MTC (CE-MTC) device. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the paging message is subjected to channel decoding after reception.
此外,MTC设备400还包括计算模块420。计算模块420被配置为将MTC设备的标识的至少一部分附加至所接收的寻呼消息中,并对附加MTC设备标识的寻呼消息进行CRC校验。根据本发明的一个实施例,计算模块可以只将MTC设备标识的一部分附加至所接收的寻呼消息中。根据本发明的另一个实施例,计算模块也可以将MTC设备标识的全部附加至所接收的寻呼消息中。根据本发明的一个实施例,MTC设备的所述标识是IMSI或S-TMSI。根据本发明的另一个实施例,寻呼消息中的比特位图中的1比特用于指示所述标识是IMSI还是S-TMSI。根据本发明的其他实施例,MTC设备的标识也可以是其他用于识别用户设备的标识。根据本发明的一个实施例,MTC设备400还可以包括一个解码模块,用于在接收寻呼消息后对其进行信道解码。In addition, the MTC device 400 also includes a computing module 420 . The computing module 420 is configured to add at least a part of the identifier of the MTC device to the received paging message, and perform a CRC check on the paging message to which the identifier of the MTC device is added. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the calculation module may only add a part of the MTC device identifier to the received paging message. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the calculation module may also add all of the MTC device identifiers to the received paging message. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the identifier of the MTC device is IMSI or S-TMSI. According to another embodiment of the present invention, 1 bit in the bitmap in the paging message is used to indicate whether the identifier is an IMSI or an S-TMSI. According to other embodiments of the present invention, the identifier of the MTC device may also be other identifiers used to identify the user equipment. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the MTC device 400 may further include a decoding module, configured to perform channel decoding on the paging message after receiving it.
此外,MTC设备400还包括判断模块430。判断模块430被配置为:如果CRC校验通过,则MTC设备确定寻呼消息是发给自己的;如果CRC校验不通过,则MTC设备丢弃所述寻呼消息。In addition, the MTC device 400 also includes a judging module 430 . The judging module 430 is configured to: if the CRC check passes, the MTC device determines that the paging message is sent to itself; if the CRC check fails, the MTC device discards the paging message.
图5示出根据本发明的一个实施例,直接移除全部或者部分UE标识的用于MTC的简单寻呼消息的处理流程图。Fig. 5 shows a flow chart of directly removing all or part of UE-identified simple paging messages for MTC according to an embodiment of the present invention.
如图5所示的,最初寻呼消息中具有表示信息的比特位图,随后寻呼消息中附加目标MTC设备的用户标识;接下来CRC校验码被附加进入寻呼消息中;之后从寻呼消息中移除目标MTC设备的全部或者部分的用户标识;之后寻呼消息经过信道编码,最后被发射。As shown in Figure 5, initially there is a bit map representing the information in the paging message, and then the user identification of the target MTC device is added in the paging message; then the CRC check code is added into the paging message; then from the paging message All or part of the user identity of the target MTC device is removed from the paging message; then the paging message is channel coded and finally transmitted.
图6示出根据本发明的实施例,UE的寻呼消息接收流程图。Fig. 6 shows a flowchart of receiving a paging message by a UE according to an embodiment of the present invention.
如图6所示的,首先对空中接口中的寻呼消息进行解调;再经过信道解码处理;然后MTC设备将全部自己的IMSI(或者TMSI)的全部或者一部分附加至解码得到的信息中;再对该附加了全部或者部分IMSI(或者TMSI)的该信息进行CRC校验;如果校验通过,则寻呼消息确定是发给该MTC设备的,如果校验不通过,该MTC设备则将寻呼消息丢弃。As shown in Figure 6, the paging message in the air interface is first demodulated; then through channel decoding processing; then the MTC device adds all or part of its own IMSI (or TMSI) to the decoded information; Then the CRC check is performed on the information to which all or part of the IMSI (or TMSI) is added; if the check is passed, the paging message is determined to be sent to the MTC device; if the check is not passed, the MTC device will The paging message is discarded.
如本说明书在前文中简要提到的,为了支持特定UE覆盖增强级别,本发明使得每个寻呼消息仅包含一个UE的寻呼信息。以这个方式,根据对应UE的信道状况,每个寻呼消息能够被配置具有适当的重复次数,并且不必要的重复能够被避免。As briefly mentioned above in this specification, in order to support a specific UE coverage enhancement level, the present invention enables each paging message to only include paging information of one UE. In this way, each paging message can be configured with an appropriate number of repetitions according to the channel condition of the corresponding UE, and unnecessary repetitions can be avoided.
此外,为了进一步改进频谱效率,简化寻呼消息以减小有效载荷的大小。对于具有寻呼列表的寻呼消息,只有一个MTC UE的标识被包含,即,每个寻呼消息针对某一个特定的MTC UE。在这样的情景中,寻呼消息中的UE标识(能够使用IMSI/S-TMSI,或者另外能够使用IMSI和1比特来指出寻呼消息是对应现有系统中正常UE的寻呼消息中的IMSI或S-TMSI)能够隐含地被发射。换言之,至少部分的UE标识没有在空中接口中被实际地发射,它由CRC校验所隐含。这能够以下面的方式完成。Furthermore, to further improve spectral efficiency, the paging message is simplified to reduce the size of the payload. For a paging message with a paging list, only one MTC UE identity is included, that is, each paging message is aimed at a specific MTC UE. In such a scenario, the UE identity in the paging message (can use IMSI/S-TMSI, or can additionally use IMSI and 1 bit to indicate that the paging message is the IMSI in the paging message corresponding to a normal UE in the existing system or S-TMSI) can be transmitted implicitly. In other words, at least part of the UE identity is not actually transmitted in the air interface, it is implied by the CRC check. This can be done in the following manner.
本公开的关键思想是利用CRC消息隐含的传输至少部分的UE标识。这能够通过在发射前简化eNodeB中的发射块中的UE标识而完成。在产生寻呼消息中有两个选择。一个选择是移除全部UE标识。这个选择的用于低成本MTC的寻呼消息的简化在下面被描述。A key idea of the present disclosure is to implicitly transmit at least part of the UE identity using CRC messages. This can be done by simplifying the UE identity in the transmission block in the eNodeB before transmission. There are two options in generating paging messages. One option is to remove all UE identities. This selected simplification of paging messages for low-cost MTC is described below.
另一种选择是移除部分的UE标识。在这个选择中,部分的UE标识被移除以减小载荷大小,并且其他部分的UE标识仍然被发射以确保可靠的发射。图5中描绘的流程图仍然可以适用。然而,更可靠的过程被图示在图6中。例如,如果IMSI的24比特被移除,剩余的8比特能够确保IMSI几乎完美的恢复。Another option is to remove part of the UE identity. In this option, part of the UE identity is removed to reduce the payload size, and other part of the UE identity is still transmitted to ensure reliable transmission. The flowchart depicted in Figure 5 may still apply. However, a more reliable procedure is illustrated in FIG. 6 . For example, if 24 bits of the IMSI are removed, the remaining 8 bits can ensure almost perfect recovery of the IMSI.
尽管UE标识被移除,但是CRC它本身包含了UE标识信息。UE将校验CRC以得知这个寻呼信息是否针对它自身。当MTC UE接收到寻呼消息时,它首先解调和解码接收到的分组。在那之后,MTC UE将它自己的标识附加至解码的数据中,以恢复完整的发射块,并且然后校验CRC。如果CRC校验通过,UE得知寻呼是针对它自身的,否则UE考虑它是其他UE的寻呼消息。UE接收的流程图被图示在图6中。Although the UE identity is removed, the CRC itself contains UE identity information. The UE will check the CRC to know if this paging message is intended for itself. When an MTC UE receives a paging message, it first demodulates and decodes the received packets. After that, the MTC UE appends its own identity to the decoded data to recover the complete transmission block, and then checks the CRC. If the CRC check passes, the UE knows that the paging is for itself, otherwise the UE considers it to be a paging message for other UEs. The flowchart of UE reception is illustrated in FIG. 6 .
接下来,将分析本公开所提出的方案在每个UE所需的比特和误码率方面的性能。Next, the performance of the scheme proposed in this disclosure in terms of bits required by each UE and bit error rate will be analyzed.
首先,将比较正常的寻呼消息的每个UE占用比特的数目和本公开所提出的寻呼消息的每个UE占用比特的数目。为了比较的方便,假设IMSI被包括在针对所有正常UE的寻呼消息中。应当提到的是,如果S-TMSI被用于寻呼正常UE,需要更多的比特。First, the number of occupied bits per UE of the normal paging message and the number of occupied bits per UE of the paging message proposed in this disclosure will be compared. For convenience of comparison, it is assumed that the IMSI is included in the paging message for all normal UEs. It should be mentioned that more bits are needed if S-TMSI is used to page normal UEs.
对于减轻了m(0<m<17)个正常用户指示的寻呼消息,它的总大小是8比特(MAC头部)+m*(2+32)比特(IMSI)+6比特(其他有效载荷)+24比特(CRC)。因此,在传统寻呼消息中每个UE占用34+38/m比特。如之前所分析的,对于具有1.4MHz PDSCH的UE种类,m=1或2。作为结果,针对每个UE的寻呼信息占用60-80比特。For the paging message that relieves m (0<m<17) normal user indications, its total size is 8 bits (MAC header)+m*(2+32) bits (IMSI)+6 bits (other effective Payload) + 24 bits (CRC). Therefore, each UE occupies 34+38/m bits in a conventional paging message. As analyzed before, m=1 or 2 for UE category with 1.4MHz PDSCH. As a result, the paging information for each UE occupies 60-80 bits.
另一方面,在本公开所提出的寻呼消息中,每个UE占用6比特(传统有效载荷;另一个选择是位映射能够被使用并且6比特是足够的)+24比特(CRC)+x=30+x比特,这里x是IMSI中没有省略的部分的比特数目。应当提到的是,大的x导致更大的有效载荷大小,但是更低的误码率。On the other hand, in the paging message proposed by this disclosure, each UE occupies 6 bits (legacy payload; another option is that a bitmap can be used and 6 bits is sufficient) + 24 bits (CRC) + x = 30+x bits, where x is the number of bits in the IMSI that are not omitted. It should be mentioned that a large x results in a larger payload size, but a lower bit error rate.
能够看出,本公开所提出的方案没有增加有效载荷大小。相反地,它减小了有效载荷大小大约30%-50%,以实现资源更有效率的使用。It can be seen that the proposed scheme of the present disclosure does not increase the payload size. Instead, it reduces the payload size by about 30%-50% for more efficient use of resources.
以下对本公开进行误码率方面的分析。The following analyzes the present disclosure in terms of bit error rate.
本公开需要关注的是,UE标识的隐含发射可能引起对可靠性的不利影响。注意到UE标识没有在空中接口被发射,发明人主张UE标识能够视为总是完美地被接收。注意到IMSI序列比CRC序列更长,当不同的UE标识产生相同的CRC序列时,附加的误码情形才发生。换言之,应当评估附加误报警可能性。因为对于直接消除方案,使用了可靠的24比特CRC以固有地包含UE标识,并且考虑到在相同的蜂窝中低成本MTC UE相当有限的数量,所以能够推断误警报可能性是相当低的。此外,如果设定x≥8,附加的误报警几乎被消除,并且寻呼消息的载荷大小是38比特,显著地低于平均载荷。A concern of this disclosure is that the implicit transmission of UE identity may cause adverse effects on reliability. Noting that the UE identity is not transmitted over the air interface, the inventors claim that the UE identity can be considered to always be perfectly received. Note that the IMSI sequence is longer than the CRC sequence, and additional bit error situations only occur when different UE identities generate the same CRC sequence. In other words, the possibility of additional false alarms should be assessed. Since for the direct cancellation scheme a reliable 24-bit CRC is used to inherently contain the UE identity, and considering the rather limited number of low-cost MTC UEs in the same cell, it can be inferred that the false alarm probability is rather low. Furthermore, if x≥8 is set, additional false alarms are almost eliminated, and the payload size of the paging message is 38 bits, which is significantly lower than the average payload.
从以上的分析能够看出,附加的误报警可能性非常小。因此,本公开所提出的方案在发射可靠性方面是令人满意的。It can be seen from the above analysis that the possibility of additional false alarms is very small. Therefore, the scheme proposed in this disclosure is satisfactory in terms of transmission reliability.
基于本公开所提出的方案以及对应的性能分析,本公开的益处是清楚的。它灵活地支持特定UE的覆盖增强级别,并且不必要的重复将不会发生。此外,寻呼消息的简化进一步改进了它的效率。Based on the solutions proposed in the present disclosure and the corresponding performance analysis, the benefits of the present disclosure are clear. It flexibly supports UE-specific coverage enhancement levels, and unnecessary duplication will not occur. Furthermore, the simplification of the paging message further improves its efficiency.
本公开简化了用于覆盖增强的低成本MTC UE的寻呼消息。寻呼消息的有效载荷大小被减小,并且特定UE的覆盖增强需求被很好地支持。作为结果,改进了用于低成本MTC UE的频谱效率。The present disclosure simplifies paging messages for coverage-enhanced low-cost MTC UEs. The payload size of paging messages is reduced and the coverage enhancement needs of specific UEs are well supported. As a result, spectral efficiency for low-cost MTC UEs is improved.
作为对比,现有技术的方案不支持特定UE覆盖增强需求,并且将寻呼消息发生不必要的重复。此外,现有技术中寻呼消息的平均有效载荷大小很大。本公开减小了平均有效载荷大小30%-50%,并且很好地支持了特定UE覆盖增强需求。In contrast, the solution in the prior art does not support the coverage enhancement requirement of a specific UE, and unnecessary repetition of paging messages occurs. Furthermore, the average payload size of paging messages in the prior art is large. The present disclosure reduces the average payload size by 30%-50% and well supports specific UE coverage enhancement needs.
尽管已经参考具体的实施例对本发明进行了说明,但是这些实施例仅用于示例目的,而不对本发明进行限定。本领域的技术人员应当理解,不背离本发明的精神和范围,可以对这些实施例进行形式和细节上的多种修改和改变。本发明的范围由附带的权利要求书所确定。Although the invention has been described with reference to specific examples, these examples are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes in form and details may be made to these embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is determined by the appended claims.
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