CN104343389A - Directional rotating guide drilling tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pointing rotary steerable drilling tool, which comprises an upper section of an outer cylinder and an outer cylinder. A drill string and a mandrel connected sequentially from top to bottom are arranged inside the upper section of the outer cylinder and the outer cylinder. The drill string is connected to the mandrel through a hollow universal joint, the drill string is rotationally connected to the upper joint of the outer cylinder through a cylindrical roller bearing, and a The pressure relief chamber communicates with the drainage hole provided on the drill string, and the upper end and middle part of the mandrel are respectively provided with a biasing mechanism and a joint located in the outer cylinder The bearing assembly, the pressure relief chamber and the biasing mechanism communicate through a conduit, and a drill bit is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mandrel. The invention realizes the offset of the mandrel by using the integrated hydraulic cylinder, so that the tool has the characteristics that it is not affected by the geological layer, so it can obtain a stable build-up rate and a larger build-up rate, and can realize various drilling without lifting the drill. working status.

Description

Pointing Rotary Steering Drilling Tools

technical field

The invention relates to a drilling tool in the field of oil, natural gas and other drilling, in particular to a pointing rotary steerable drilling tool.

Background technique

At present, drilling technology has been developed in the direction of ultra-deep wells, extended-reach wells and directional wells. Traditional sliding drilling tools can no longer meet the current drilling needs. Rotary steerable drilling technology has gradually been applied and developed as a high-tech drilling technology.

Rotary steerable tools currently on the market mainly include Schlumberger's Power Drive, Baker Hughes' Auto Track and Halliburton's Geo-Pilot, etc. The first two belong to the push-by rotary steerable drilling tools, and the characteristic of these two drilling tools is that they can obtain a large bias force at the drill bit. However, due to different geological conditions and changes in drilling fluid pressure, the build-up rate of tools will be affected, resulting in unsmooth wellbore trajectory, poor wellbore quality and wellbore conditions, and downhole accidents are prone to occur.

Halliburton's Geo-Pilot system is a pointing rotary steerable drilling tool. It uses the control of the drill string bending characteristics to achieve effective guidance and control of the drill bit axis. The effect is obvious in soft and heterogeneous formations, but the core bearing is subjected to high-intensity alternating stress, and the mandrel is prone to fatigue damage, which affects the tool life.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the known technology, the present invention provides a pointing rotary steerable drilling tool, which is not affected by geological layers, and can realize precise control of wellbore trajectory.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems in the known technology is: a pointing rotary steerable drilling tool, including an outer cylinder and a biasing mechanism fixed inside it, and the biasing mechanism includes a top-to-bottom The upper plate valve end cover and the integrated hydraulic cylinder are sequentially set on the mandrel; the motor is fixed on the top of the upper plate valve end cover, and the high pressure cavity is fixed on the bottom of the upper plate valve end cover. There is an upper plate valve in the high-pressure chamber which is connected to it in a rotational and sealed manner. The upper plate valve is rotatably connected to the end cover of the upper plate valve through a bearing. The lower surface of the upper plate valve is connected to the upper surface of the integrated hydraulic cylinder. Rotating and sealed connection; the high-pressure chamber communicates with the drilling fluid conduit, and a liquid inlet through hole and a plurality of overflow holes are arranged on the same circumference of the upper disc valve, and the outlet of the overflow hole is set on the On the outer circular surface of the upper disc valve, the inlet of the overflow hole is arranged on the lower surface of the upper disc valve, and the liquid inlet through hole is an arc-shaped long hole; A preset number of hydraulic cylinders are arranged, and the center line of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged along the radial direction of the integrated hydraulic cylinder; A liquid passage hole, the liquid passage hole is opposite to the liquid inlet through hole and the overflow hole, and a passage hole communicating with the overflow hole is provided on the side wall of the high pressure chamber, and the liquid passage hole is connected to the overflow hole. The outer cylinder is provided with a discharge hole communicating with the flow hole; an outer ring gear is fixedly connected to the upper disc valve, and the outer gear ring is rotatably connected to the end cover of the upper disc valve. The outer ring gear meshes with the gear shaft, and the gear shaft is driven by the motor; the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the positioning block through a V-shaped surface, and the positioning block rotates with the mandrel through a joint bearing connection, an upper anti-rotation plate and a lower anti-rotation plate are respectively provided on both sides of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the upper anti-rotation plate and the lower anti-rotation plate are fixedly connected to the positioning block.

The biasing mechanism is arranged on the upper end of the mandrel, the middle part of the mandrel is supported in the outer cylinder by a joint bearing assembly, and a drill bit is fixedly connected to the lower end of the mandrel; The upper end is connected to the lower end of the drill string through a hollow universal joint, the drill string is connected to the upper joint of the outer cylinder in rotation, the lower end of the upper joint of the outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer cylinder, and the upper joint An upper end cover is affixed to the upper end of the outer cylinder, and a lower end cover is affixed to the lower end of the outer cylinder; a drainage hole is provided at the lower end of the drill string, and the drainage hole is located in the pressure relief cavity, and the pressure relief cavity Fixed in the outer cylinder, the drill string passes through the pressure relief cavity, and the two form a rotating and sealed connection; the drilling fluid conduit is connected with the pressure relief cavity.

The biasing mechanism is fixed inside the outer cylinder through the upper disc valve end cover or the high-pressure chamber or the integrated hydraulic cylinder.

The biasing mechanism is fixed inside the outer cylinder through the integrated hydraulic cylinder.

The drill string is rotationally connected with the upper section of the outer cylinder through cylindrical roller bearings.

The hollow universal joint includes a universal joint fork I, an intermediate shaft and a universal joint fork II arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the upper end of the universal joint fork I and the intermediate shaft passes through the cross shaft I and is installed on the The bearing I on the cross shaft I is rotationally connected, and the lower end of the intermediate shaft is rotationally connected to the universal joint fork II through the cross shaft II and the bearing II installed on the cross shaft II.

The joint bearing assembly includes a self-aligning bearing installed on the mandrel, and a thrust bearing is provided at both ends of the self-aligning bearing.

The advantages and positive effects that the present invention has are:

1) By using the integrated hydraulic cylinder to realize the offset of the mandrel, the tool is not affected by the geological layer, so it can obtain a stable build-up rate and realize precise control of the wellbore trajectory.

2) By adopting the integrated hydraulic cylinder to realize the offset of the mandrel, the control of the integrated hydraulic cylinder is realized by driving the upper plate valve through the motor, so that different build-up rates and azimuths can be obtained, so that it can be realized without lifting the drill during the application process A variety of working states can achieve the purpose of increasing slope, decreasing slope and stabilizing slope.

3) By adopting the integrated hydraulic cylinder to realize the offset of the mandrel, the drilling fluid pressure is fully utilized, so that the tool can obtain a large deflection force.

4) The application of the hollow universal joint can effectively reduce the alternating stress of the mandrel and improve the service life of the guide tool.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a side view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a C-C sectional view of Fig. 2 of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Drill string; 2. Cylindrical roller bearing; 3. Outer cylinder; 4. Pressure relief chamber; 5. Hollow universal joint; 6. Drilling fluid conduit; 9. High pressure cavity; 10. Integrated hydraulic cylinder; 11. Piston rod; 12. Mandrel; 13. Joint bearing assembly; 14. Drill bit; 15. Drainage hole; 16. Upper plate valve end cover; 17. Gear shaft ; 18, outer ring gear; 19, bearing; 20, liquid inlet through hole; 21, overflow hole; 22, positioning block; 23, joint bearing; 24, upper end cover; 25, lower end cover; 26, liquid outlet; 27, the flow hole; 28, the discharge hole; 29, the upper anti-rotation plate; 30, the lower anti-rotation plate, 31, the upper section of the outer cylinder.

Detailed ways

In order to further understand the invention content, characteristics and effects of the present invention, the following examples are given, and detailed descriptions are as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Please refer to Figures 1 to 6, a pointing rotary steerable drilling tool, including an outer cylinder 3 and a biasing mechanism fixed inside it. Disc valve end cover 16 and integrated hydraulic cylinder 10; motor 8 is affixed to the top of the upper disc valve end cover 16, and a high-pressure chamber 9 is affixed below the upper disc valve end cover 16, and the high-pressure chamber The body 9 is provided with an upper disc valve 7 which is rotationally and sealingly connected with it. The upper disc valve 7 is set on the upper disc valve end cover 16. On the end cover 16, the lower surface of the upper disc valve 7 is in rotational and sealed connection with the upper surface of the integrated hydraulic cylinder 10; A liquid inlet through hole 20 and a plurality of overflow holes 21 are arranged on the circumference, the outlet of the overflow hole 21 is arranged on the outer circular surface of the upper disc valve 7, and the inlet of the overflow hole 21 is arranged on On the lower surface of the upper disc valve 7, the liquid inlet through hole 20 is an arc-shaped long hole; inside the integrated hydraulic cylinder 10, there are a predetermined number of hydraulic cylinders evenly distributed along the circumference, and the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders The centerline of the rod 11 is arranged along the radial direction of the integrated hydraulic cylinder 10 . The integrated hydraulic cylinder 10 is provided with a liquid passage hole 26 corresponding to the hydraulic cylinder one by one, and the liquid passage hole 26 is opposite to the liquid inlet through hole 20 and the overflow hole 21. In this embodiment, one liquid inlet hole 20 can cover three liquid outlet holes 26 and supply pressurized liquid to three hydraulic cylinders at the same time. A flow hole 27 communicating with the overflow hole 21 is provided on the side wall of the high-pressure chamber 9 , and a discharge hole 27 communicating with the flow hole 27 is provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder 3 . Hole 28. An outer gear ring 18 is fixedly connected to the upper disc valve 7, and the outer gear ring 18 is located in the chamber of the high-pressure chamber 9, and is sleeved on the end cover 16 of the upper disc valve, and the outer gear ring 18 is rotatably connected to the On the upper disc valve end cover 16 , the outer ring gear 18 meshes with the gear shaft 17 , and the gear shaft 17 is driven by the motor 8 . The piston rod 11 of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the positioning block 22 through a V-shaped surface, and the positioning block 22 is rotatably connected to the mandrel 12 through a joint bearing 23. The upper anti-rotation plate 29 and the lower anti-rotation plate 30 are respectively fixed on the positioning block 22 .

The biasing mechanism can be fixed inside the outer cylinder 3 through the upper disc valve end cover 16 or the high-pressure chamber 9 or the integrated hydraulic cylinder 10 . The best effect is to fix the integrated hydraulic cylinder 10 inside the outer cylinder 3 .

In this embodiment, the biasing mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the mandrel 12, and the middle part of the mandrel 12 is supported in the outer cylinder 3 by a joint bearing assembly 13, and the center of the mandrel 12 is The lower end is fixed with a drill bit 14; the upper end of the mandrel 12 is connected to the lower end of the drill string 1 through the hollow universal joint 5, and the drill string 1 is rotationally connected with the upper section 31 of the outer cylinder, and the upper section 31 of the outer cylinder The lower end is affixed to the upper end of the outer cylinder 3, an upper end cover 24 is affixed to the upper end of the upper section 31 of the outer cylinder, and a lower end cover 25 is affixed to the lower end of the outer cylinder 3; The lower end of the drill string 1 is provided with a drainage hole 15, and the drainage hole 15 is located in the pressure relief cavity 4, and the pressure relief cavity 4 is fixed in the outer cylinder 3, and the drill string 1 passes through the pressure relief cavity body 4, the two form a rotationally sealed connection; the drilling fluid conduit 6 is connected to the pressure relief chamber 4.

In the above solution, the drill string 1 is rotatably connected in the upper section 31 of the outer cylinder through the cylindrical roller bearing 2, and the cylindrical roller bearing 2 can also be replaced by a combination of several bearings. For the structure of the hollow universal joint 5, please refer to the patent document CN103132926A. The upper end of the shaft is rotationally connected through the cross shaft I and the bearing I installed on the cross shaft I, and the lower end of the intermediate shaft is connected with the universal joint fork II through the cross shaft II and the bearing II installed on the cross shaft II Turn to connect. For the structure of the joint bearing assembly 13, please refer to the patent document CN102900364A, which includes a self-aligning bearing installed on the mandrel, and a thrust bearing is provided at both ends of the self-aligning bearing.

Working principle of the present invention:

The torque generated by the rotation of the drill string 1 acts on the drill bit 14 through the hollow universal joint 5 and the mandrel 12 to realize cutting of the rock formation, and the drilling fluid passes through the hollow drill string 1, the hollow universal joint 5, the hollow mandrel 12 and the drill bit 14 Transported to the bottom of the well, the joint bearing assembly 13 is the rotational fulcrum of the mandrel 12 when the biasing mechanism drives it.

The drilling fluid in the drill string 1 enters the high-pressure chamber 9 through the drainage hole 15, the pressure relief chamber 4, the drilling fluid conduit 6 and the upper plate valve end cover 16 in turn, and the motor 8 drives the outer ring gear meshed with the gear shaft 17 18 drives the upper disc valve 7 to rotate, and by changing the position of the fluid inlet hole 20 on the upper disc valve 7, the drilling fluid is controlled to be input into the target hydraulic cylinder in the integrated hydraulic cylinder 10, so that the piston rod 11 of the target hydraulic cylinder is stretched out, and the non-target hydraulic pressure The piston rod 11 of the cylinder retracts to control the output direction of the integrated hydraulic cylinder 10. Under the action of the piston rod 11, the mandrel 12 rotates around the joint bearing assembly 13 to realize the offset of the drill bit 14. The non-target hydraulic cylinder is on the piston rod 11 When retracted, the drilling fluid therein is transported to the borehole annulus through the liquid passage hole 26, the overflow hole 21, the passage hole 27 and the discharge hole 28 in sequence.

The upper anti-rotation plate 29 and the lower anti-rotation plate 30 on both sides of the piston rod 11 are used to limit the rotation of the piston rod, and the V-shaped surface of the positioning block 22 can cooperate with the V-shaped surface on the piston rod 11 in the integrated hydraulic cylinder 10 Prevent the occurrence of piston rod interference during offset.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. The above-mentioned specific embodiments are only illustrative and not restrictive. Those of ordinary skill in the art Under the enlightenment of the present invention, people can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present invention and the scope of protection of the claims, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a guiding type rotary steering drilling tool, comprises urceolus and fixing biasing mechanism therein, it is characterized in that, described biasing mechanism comprises and is sleeved on upper moushroom valve end cap on mandrel and integrated hydraulic cylinder from top to bottom successively;

Motor is connected with above described upper moushroom valve end cap, high-pressure chamber is connected with below described upper moushroom valve end cap, the upper moushroom valve be connected with its rotary seal is provided with in described high-pressure chamber, described upper moushroom valve is rotatably connected on described upper moushroom valve end cap by bearing, and the soffit of described upper moushroom valve is connected with the upper surface rotary seal of described integrated hydraulic cylinder;

Described high-pressure chamber is communicated with conduits for drilling fluid, the same of moushroom valve is circumferentially provided with a feed liquor through hole and multiple spout hole on described, the outlet of described spout hole is arranged on the periphery of described upper moushroom valve, the import of described spout hole is arranged on the soffit of described upper moushroom valve, and described feed liquor through hole is circular arc elongated hole; Circumferentially be evenly equipped with the hydraulic cylinder of predetermined number at described integrated hydraulic cylinder interior, the center line of the piston rod of described hydraulic cylinder is arranged along the radial direction of described integrated hydraulic cylinder;

The liquid pass hole be communicated with described hydraulic cylinder one_to_one corresponding is provided with on described integrated hydraulic cylinder, described liquid pass hole is relative with described spout hole with described feed liquor through hole, the sidewall of described high-pressure chamber is provided with the flowing hole communicated with described spout hole, described urceolus is provided with the discharge orifice communicated with described flowing hole;

Moushroom valve is connected with external toothing on described, described external toothing is rotatably connected on described upper moushroom valve end cap, and described external toothing engages with described gear shaft, and described gear shaft is driven by described motor;

The piston rod of described hydraulic cylinder is connected by V-type face with locating piece, described locating piece is rotationally connected by oscillating bearing and described mandrel, be respectively equipped with torsional stop and lower torsional stop in the piston rod both sides of described hydraulic cylinder, described upper torsional stop and described lower torsional stop are fixed on described locating piece.

2. guiding type rotary steering drilling tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described biasing mechanism is arranged on the upper end of described mandrel, and the middle part of described mandrel adopts oscillating bearing assembly to be bearing in described urceolus, and the lower end of described mandrel is connected with drill bit; The upper end of described mandrel is connected with the lower end of drill string by hollow universal joint, described drill string and urceolus save and is rotationally connected, the upper end of the lower end that described urceolus saves and described urceolus is affixed, and the upper end that described urceolus saves is connected with upper end cover, is connected with bottom end cover in the lower end of described urceolus; Be provided with conduction hole in the bottom of described drill string, described conduction hole is positioned at pressure release cavity, and described pressure release cavity is fixed in described urceolus, and described drill string is through described pressure release cavity, and the two forms rotary seal and connects; Described conduits for drilling fluid is connected with described pressure release cavity.

3. guiding type rotary steering drilling tool according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described biasing mechanism is fixed in described outer barrel by described upper moushroom valve end cap or described high-pressure chamber or described integrated hydraulic cylinder.

4. guiding type rotary steering drilling tool according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described biasing mechanism is fixed in described outer barrel by described integrated hydraulic cylinder.

5. guiding type rotary steering drilling tool according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described drill string is rotationally connected by cylinder roller bearing and urceolus save.

6. guiding type rotary steering drilling tool according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described hollow universal joint comprises universal-joint fork I, jackshaft and the universal-joint fork II set gradually from top to bottom, described universal-joint fork I and described jackshaft upper end are rotationally connected by cross axle I and the bearing I be arranged on described cross axle I, and described jackshaft lower end and described universal-joint fork II are rotationally connected by cross axle II and the bearing II be arranged on described cross axle II.

7. guiding type rotary steering drilling tool according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described oscillating bearing assembly comprises the self-aligning bearing be arranged on described mandrel, and the two ends of described self-aligning bearing are respectively provided with a thrust bearing.