CN104330719A - Test method of train insulated filth - Google Patents
Test method of train insulated filth Download PDFInfo
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- CN104330719A CN104330719A CN201410674060.1A CN201410674060A CN104330719A CN 104330719 A CN104330719 A CN 104330719A CN 201410674060 A CN201410674060 A CN 201410674060A CN 104330719 A CN104330719 A CN 104330719A
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test method of train insulated filth, the test method includes: step 1, configuring dirty objects used for detection; step 2, applying the dirty objects on insulted object to be detected; step 3, performing insulation detection to the insulted object to be detected; step 4, determining the insulativity of the insulted object according to the insulation detection result in the condition of contaminated environment. The test method of the present disclosure has the advantages of good analysis effect and fast analysis speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to train Insulation monitoring field, particularly relate to a kind of train and to insulate filthy method of testing.
Background technology
Along with the development in epoch, use the demand of transportation by railroad personnel and goods also increasing, and the main flow of train is electric locomotive now.
Because train operation scope is large, the geographical conditions difference between different geographical is large, and has plains region, region, hills and various river basins.In addition sea level elevation change is also different, and climbing situation is also a lot.
After train operation, all need to carry out Insulation monitoring, and the Insulation monitoring effect that existing insulation detection device detects is all very poor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the defect for prior art, provide a kind of train to insulate filthy method of testing, effectively can realize train defilement and insulation and detect and analyze.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of train and to insulate filthy method of testing, described method comprises:
Step 1, configuration detection dunghill;
Step 2, is coated on insulation thing to be detected by described dunghill;
Step 3, carries out Insulation monitoring to described thing to be detected;
Step 4, judges the insulativity of described thing to be detected in filthy situation according to Insulation monitoring result.
Further, described step 1 specifically comprises:
Step 11, being dissolved in the water by zeyssatite potpourri becomes the first solution;
Step 12, be dissolved into NaCl at identical temperature water again in become the second solution;
Step 13, detect the first conductance of the first solution and the second conductance of the second solution;
Step 14, when the conductivity of the second solution of the first volume is just in time equal to the conductivity of the first solution, show that conducting objects quantity in the first solution is equivalent in the amount of this NaCl;
Step 15, calculating the quality of the NaCl of the first volume second solution, is the value of equivalent salt density with the surface area ratio of determinand.
Further, described step 11 specifically comprises: by 100g zeyssatite, the silicon dioxide of the grain size 2 μm ~ 20 μm of 10g high degree of dispersion, and 1000g water dissolves, and forms the first solution.
Train of the present invention insulate filthy method of testing, and analytical effect is good, and analysis speed is fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of train Insulation Inspection System;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of roof of train insulation detection device;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of train Insulation monitoring control device;
Fig. 4 is train Insulation monitoring schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that train of the present invention insulate the schematic diagram of filthy method of testing.
Embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of train Insulation Inspection System, and as shown in the figure, train Insulation Inspection System comprises train Insulation monitoring control device 1 and roof of train insulation detection device 2.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of roof of train insulation detection device, and as shown in the figure, roof of train insulation detection device comprises: epoxy casting cylinder 21, vacuum interrupter 22, static contact 23, moving contact 24 and permanent magnet mechanism 25.
Epoxy casting cylinder 21 utilizes insulating material to make, such as epoxy resin.Vacuum interrupter 22 is contained in epoxy casting cylinder 21, and is that sealing is in epoxy casting cylinder 21.Static contact 23 is positioned at vacuum interrupter 22, and stretches out from epoxy casting cylinder 21; Moving contact 24 is positioned at epoxy casting cylinder 21, is connected with the high pressure generator 10 of outside, receives and detects high-voltage signal; Permanent magnet mechanism 25 has driving stem 250, be connected with moving contact 24 by insulated tension pole 26, when permanent magnet mechanism 25 receives connection signal rear drive driving stem 250, moving contact 24 is contacted with static contact 23 in vacuum interrupter 23, detects high-voltage signal and be loaded on determinand by moving contact 24 and static contact 23; When permanent magnet mechanism 25 receives cut-off signal rear drive driving stem 250, moving contact 24 and static contact 23 are disconnected in vacuum interrupter 22.
Permanent magnet mechanism 25 is by controlling energized action, on push away with drop-down: when above pushing away, in pressing switch body, insulated tension pole 26 makes the moving contact 24 in vacuum interrupter 22 close with moving contact spring and driving member, and with constant pressure compression, moving contact 24 and static contact 23 is compressed; Time drop-down, pulled open the moving contact 24 of arc-chutes equally by insulated tension pole in switch body 26, make switch opens; While switch motion, the proximity switch be arranged on permanent magnet mechanism 25 moves up and down simultaneously, opens or closes.
Self-evident as Insulation Inspection System roof device for the importance of Insulation Inspection System reliability service.For high-pressure vacuum switch (general switch is also like this), ensure that the key of its reliability design is: the application of arc-chutes, insulating Design, operating mechanism and transmission, controller and attachment design.
Vacuum interrupter 22 is as disconnector, and actual dropout current is only milliampere level, and much smaller than specified switching current (630A), therefore its life-span and security will improve further.The closing force that vacuum interrupter 22 needs is 600-800N, and permanent magnet mechanism 25 closing force is designed to 2200N, even if some demagnetization occurs after using long-time and also can normally use by assurance device.Insulated tension pole 26 fully protects positive reliability and synchronism as drive disk assembly.Moving contact 24 pull bar have employed epoxy resin sealing and makes, and decreases the quality of motion parts, for divide-shut brake provides certain facility.
Epoxy insulation material is widely applied in High-Voltage Electrical Appliances field due to its excellent insulation, physicochemical property.Have employed the major insulation part that outdoor epoxy resin is switch, it has better electrically, and mechanical integrated performance, is conducive to the volume and weight alleviating top of car.It has ultra-violet resistance, hydrophobic nature and self-cleaning, and the operational maintenance of device is simplified greatly.
27.5kV electric pressure, under air humidity 100% saturated conditions, safety air insulation distance >=360mm, can meet relevant requirements.
According to the relevant regulations of 27.5kV contact net electrical equipment intensity, design that outer creep distance is 1.1m, interior creep distance is 0.6m, withstand voltage is over the ground 100kV/1 minute.
Controller adopts low-power microprocessor, exports and adopts device for high-power power electronic, and main components adopts army's grade element, and current/voltage leaves nargin, and whole control circuit strengthens electromagnetic compatibility immunity design.Power supply supply is provided by electric capacity.Proximity switch adopts the proximity switch in 1,000,000 life-spans, and reliability is high.
Vacuum interrupter 22 directly waters in epoxy insulation upper end (static contact) and accesses motor train unit roof bus, and lower end (moving contact) connects the output terminal rising high pressure generator 10.Permanent magnet mechanism is installed below axis be used for disconnecting and moving contact in closed vacuum interrupter and static contact.Vacuum interrupter rated operational voltage 40.5kV, short duration power frequency withstand voltage reaches 100kV, rated current 630A, opens apart from 14mm, mechanical life 20000 times.Vacuum interrupter replaces traditional switch to not only increase security, improves stability.And stopped charged point, close a floodgate time arcing, electric discharge phenomena.
Permanent magnet mechanism 25 adopts symmetrical expression bistable structure, and no matter at closing position and open position, its confining force provides by neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet.Permanent magnet mechanism is made up of seven critical parts: be fixed core, and for mechanism provides magnetic circuit passage, generally adopt silicon steel sheet stack shape structure for square structure, circular configuration then adopts electrical pure iron; Dynamic iron core is topmost moving component in whole mechanism, general employing electrical pure iron structure; Permanent magnet is power required when mechanism provides maintenance; For switching winding and closing coil; For driving stem, it is the connection tie between operating mechanism and switch drive.For driving stem, it is the connection tie between operating mechanism and switch drive.Drive motion unshakable in one's determination to produce electromagnetic attraction, must give permanent magnet mechanism point, closing coil energising, make it reach certain exciting watts, could meet like this vacuum switch point, closing speed requirement.Adopt large value capacitor as power supply in pick-up unit, have that pulse current is large, the duration of charging is short, excessive danger of not charging, can in parallelly use, volume is little, the life-span is long, the advantage such as economical and practical.
Again as shown in Figure 2, described device also comprises mechanism case 27 and cover plate 28, and permanent magnet mechanism 25 and external high pressure generator 10 are contained in mechanism case 27, and cover plate 28 covers on structure case 27.
Concrete, roof of train insulation detection device is positioned at the roof of train, vacuum interrupter 22 sealing, in epoxy casting cylinder 21, is installed a permanent magnet mechanism 25 in structure case 27, is linked the driving stem 250 of vacuum interrupter moving contact 24 and permanent magnet mechanism 25 with insulated tension pole 26 immediately below it.Vacuum interrupter moving contact 24 by being flexible coupling, external high pressure generator 10 output terminal received by wire, high pressure generator 10 obtains the 0-190V industrial-frequency alternating current sent here of pressure regulator from aviation plug, and boosts to 0-35kV.Permanent magnet mechanism 25 is divided by aviation plug acquisition, conjunction signal drives the indoor moving contact 24 of vacuum extinction, static contact 23 closes or disconnection, and when closing, high pressure detection signal is carried on high voltage bus.The detection voltage sensed and Leakage Current are delivered to controller by aviation plug and are processed analysis by measuring junction.
1, top of car electric Field Calculation and analysis
In order to make roof of train insulation detection device, volume is little as far as possible, numerical analysis and optimal design have been carried out to its Electric Field Distribution, maximum field intensity under actual motion voltage is 30kV in air is less than 3kV/mm, and the maximum field strength in insulating material is much smaller than its breakdown field strength.Therefore these device section insulating property are safe and reliable.
2, top of car aerodynamic air resistance calculates and analyzes
Insulation monitoring top of car is expert at during car runs, by a kind of opposition being subject to air and being formed it, i.e. and air resistance F
w, it is expressed as:
Wherein: V is speed, unit: m/s;
According to motor-car maximum row vehicle velocity V
1=350km/h=97.2m/s, considers maximum wind velocity V
2=30m/s, 127.2=V
1+ V
2=97.2+30=127.2m/s;
A is Insulation monitoring top of car cross-sectional area, unit: m
2;
C
wfor air resistance coefficient, its dimensionless, it only depends on the shape of mobile object usually.Different according to the profile of object, C
wvalue is general between 0.3-0.6.For plane C
wvalue is 1.1, and for the C of a spheroid
wvalue is 0.45.Be the face of cylinder for its windward side of top of car, C
wget 0.45.
Roof of train insulation detection device is positioned over roof, and exposed part is top (epoxy casting cylinder) and bottom (mechanism case) these two parts.Calculate this two parts air resistance below respectively.
The air resistance F on roof of train insulation detection device top (epoxy casting cylinder)
wcalculate
A
max＝π·R·h＝3.14x150x346mm
2＝0.16m
2
Its maximum bending strength is:
And the bending strength of this material is 110-120N/mm
2as can be seen here, the bending strength that roof of train insulation detection device top (epoxy casting cylinder) is born in train traveling process is far smaller than the bending strength that epoxy casting cylinder can bear itself, can find out that to meet the deformation caused because of air resistance in the operational process of top of car top very little.
The air resistance F of roof of train insulation detection device bottom (mechanism case)
wcalculate.
A
max＝π·R·h＝3.14x200x350mm
2＝0.22m
2；
Its maximum bending strength is:
It is arranged on roof with 10 M10 bolts, and it meets the demands completely.
Mechanism case adopt stainless steel welded, above cover plate be epoxy material, surface lacquer process, casing integral sealing.Mechanism case casing bottom is arranged on the roof with pantograph compartment by the through hole that 10 diameters are 12mm.
During concrete process, obtain 24V direct-current drive processor from train accumulator and run, simultaneously as inverter input power.Direct current 24V electricity is reverse into alternating current 220V by inverter, then recalls 0V-190V alternating current through pressure regulator, gives step-up transformer by aviation plug.Use a Switching Power Supply alternating current 220V to be converted to the capacitor that 110V direct current is permanent magnet mechanism in addition and fill energy.Processor carries out make and break permanent magnet mechanism automatically according to steward's instruction, regulates stepper motor to drive rotating shaft on pressure regulator to export suitable test voltage, controls cabinet and be contained in the rack with pantograph compartment adjacent compartment.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of train Insulation monitoring control device, and as shown in the figure, train Insulation monitoring control device specifically comprises: inverter 11, processor 12, pressure regulator 13, high pressure generator 10, voltage sensor 14 and current sensor 15.
Inverter 11 is for being converted to alternating voltage by the locomotive received DC voltage; Processor 12 is for generation of control signal; Pressure regulator 13 is connected with inverter 11 with processor 12, under the control of the processor 12 alternating voltage being converted to continuous variable alternating voltage; High pressure generator 10 is connected with pressure regulator 13, and for continuous variable alternating voltage is converted into detection high-voltage signal, the earth terminal of high pressure generator 10 is connected with train body; Voltage sensor 14 is connected with processor 12, for when detecting high-voltage signal and being loaded on the determinand of train body, produces detectable voltage signals and sends to processor 12; Current sensor 15, is connected with processor 12, and for when detecting high-voltage signal and being loaded on the determinand of train body, produce sensed current signal and send to processor 12, processor 12 judges insulativity according to detectable voltage signals and sensed current signal.
The monitoring of the pressure regulation in system, boosting, electric current and voltage, measure all have employed transformer principle of work, namely for desirable transformer, according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, if U
1, I
1, N
1and U
2, I
2, N
2be former limit and marginal voltage, electric current and the number of turn of these equipment respectively, then have:
And the design of control circuit and the selection of parameter, the needs realized primarily of system determined, also be applied to embedded scm, digital circuit, AD conversion, manipulation Software for Design etc. simultaneously, mainly complete the collection, breakdown judge, execute-in-place guidance etc. of man-machine mutual, signal.
High pressure generator 10 no-load voltage ratio is the dry testing transformer of 1:200, the 0-190V industrial-frequency alternating current of output voltage regulator can be faded to 0-35kV industrial-frequency alternating current.Transformer rated power 4kW, meets the maximum output requirement of pick-up unit.Compare mutual inductor boosting mode, use special step-up transformer can provide the test voltage of larger output power and Geng Gao, more easily can detect the insulation defect of roof high voltage equipment insulation system.Compare oily formula transformer and SF6 transformer, it is little that dry-type transformer has volume, and fire line is good, non-maintaining, pollution-free, anti-short circuit capability is strong, and temperature capacity is good, freedom from vibration is strong, some row advantages of grade easy for installation, is the optimal selection that motor train unit and electric locomotive are selected
The whole circuit of inverter is divided into two large divisions: first part adopts High-Accuracy PWM (width modulation) chip and MCU (micro processor) composition control circuit, utilize the on-off circuit of metal-oxide-semiconductor and high-frequency transformer composition, the 24V direct current provided by storage battery, converts the high-frequency alternating current of about 40kHz to by high-frequency PWM switch power technology; Part II circuit be then utilize bridge rectifier, filtering circuit high-frequency alternating current is transferred to about 400V direct current, 400V direct current is transferred to 220 industrial-frequency alternating currents of standard by the output circuit that the SPWM modulation technique utilizing MCU program to produce and IGBT power tube form, this circuit peak power output 3000W, power factor (PF) is up to more than 90%.Direct-flow input end adopts advanced anti-filling noise suppression technology, and the antinoise flowing backward device of built-in precision and wave filter, meet electromagnetic compatibility standard, do not interfere with each other when sharing accumulator with other equipment, avoids producing interference to accumulator.Workload-adaptability is strong simultaneously, in rated power, no matter be capacitive load, or inductive load all can normally use, not fear of damage.Possess volume little, lightweight, protection is complete, and precision is high, responds the features such as fast.
Again as shown in Figure 3, train Insulation monitoring control device also comprises storer 16, display 17, usb 18 and clock chip 19, and is connected with processor 12 respectively.
Storer 16 can the signal that detects of storage voltage sensor 14 and current sensor 15, and display 17 is for display, and usb 18 then can be connected with peripheral hardware, and clock chip 19 is for providing clock signal.
Concrete, the principle process of train insulation detecting method:
The 24V DC voltage of locomotive is converted to 220V alternating voltage by application inverter 11, with pressure regulator 13,220 alternating voltages are converted into the alternating voltage (needing to adjust at any time according to systems axiol-ogy) of 0 ~ 250V continuous variable again, again this voltage is converted to high pressure (the highest be no more than 30KV) through high pressure generator 10, and is connected with insulator power connection end through permanent magnetism high-voltage switch gear.High pressure generator 10 earth terminal is then held (car body) to be connected with the earth that connects of insulator and is connected in series the elementary of current transformer betwixt.Current sensor 15 utilizes current transformer to realize, and the secondary coil of current transformer is connected to control system, for signals collecting.After system electrification, first control system carries out self-inspection, confirm each parts of detection system self and entirety all working properly after, be in wait command state.According to order, adjustment control is carried out to relevant parts (pressure regulator, switch etc.), finally, by the collection to leakage current signal, compare, warning is made in judgement etc., normal etc. point out and notice leakage current value; This is detected data preserve or circulate a notice of superior system in order to inquiry later simultaneously.
If the insulating property of the insulator of roof are fine, then current transformer is elementary does not form loop, and current sensor secondary coil should not have signal.If the insulating property of top insulation are deteriorated, cause elementary formation loop, the leakage current in loop is at the secondary generation induction current of inductance sensor.Operation control system gathers this current signal (changing size of current into voltage) according to manipulation order, according to the large small intensity of electric current (voltage), judges the damaged condition of the insulating property of top insulation.Electric current is larger, and insulating property are poorer.According to default, the magnitude range can surveying insulating end leakage current is at present not more than 100mA.
Insulation detection device adopts the insulation status of the method detection insulation system insulation system of roof high-tension apparatus being applied to power frequency 30kV withstand voltage test.The principle of work of device is as follows:
Fig. 4 is train Insulation monitoring schematic diagram, in figure:
R: protective resistance,
K: switch,
Z
0: the equiva lent impedance of device self,
Z
x: the equiva lent impedance of top insulation,
Record according to milliammeter the situation that Leakage Current value judges insulation system in actual measurement process.
The present invention carries out qualitative detection to the insulating property of the feature of motor train unit metering system, and can report to the police.There is automatic storing data function, these data are that device provides science, accurately insulating property basis for estimation, simultaneously also for the insulating Design of roof high-tension apparatus provide truly, reliable reference data, these data are that later insulated on-line monitoring provides reference.To the high voltage equipment insulation hydraulic performance decline caused because of filthy and haze, there is repair function, and then reduce the flashover fault because filthy and haze cause.For roof high-tension apparatus provides independently High-Voltage Experimentation source, facilitate the withstand voltage test of other high-tension apparatus, the maintenance for locomotive provides conveniently.
Train Insulation monitoring detailed process is as follows:
Step 1, the mainframe box air switch below that closes closes, press the self-lock switch of front panel, inverter has DC 24V to input, AC 220V exports, now " main inversion 220V " lamp, " main+5V " lamp, " main+12V " lamp light, and " system combined floodgate " lamp, " system separating brake " lantern festival light according to current vacuum on off state or extinguish.
Step 2, detects because unexpected midway stops if last, now will show last analysis result.Then vacuum switch (" system combined floodgate " lamp goes out, and " system separating brake " lamp goes out) is disconnected, pressure regulator back to zero.If last time carries out complete detection, can not this step be carried out, then directly carry out next step.
Step 3, presses " detection " PBU pushbutton unit and will detect pantograph and main disconnected state, if the display of pantograph state is still in rising bow state or main disconnected state display is still in closure state, can not carries out next step and detect.If pantograph state is in fall arciform state and lead to break be in off-state, " bow falls in No. one, pantograph " lamp, " main disconnected separating brake " lamp light.Device will once close a floodgate to permanent magnet mechanism and separating brake test voluntarily respectively, and test mode be shown on a display screen.
Step 4, if pantograph state and main disconnected state meet testing conditions in previous step, and permanent magnet mechanism closes a floodgate, a point brake test passes through, then can first time Hi-pot test automatically.First, permanent magnet mechanism promotes insulated tension pole and closes vacuum interrupter, and pick-up unit is accessed high-pressure system; Then, the 220V industrial-frequency alternating current furnishing 0V-150V that processor control step driven by motor automatic coupling voltage regulator axis of rotation makes pressure regulator be exported by inverter, export 0V-30kV alternating current at Hi-pot test end simultaneously, and stop 10s at 30kV, the state of insulation of roof high-tension apparatus is tested.
Step 5, pass through if test in step, then processor can control once to test to confirm again.If there is flashover in test process, or leakage current values exceedes preset security threshold values, then the ceiling voltage before display screen display detects unsuccessfully and tests flashover, otherwise display detection is passed through.
Step 6, presses " time adjustment " button, can the system time of top insulation pick-up unit adjust.Can select adjusting respectively year, month, day, hour, min, second by left-right arrow, press "+" key numerically to add 1 and (if former numeral is 9, presses "+" key, be adjusted to 0 original, "-" key is reserved to other functions and uses, and should not be used to carry out time adjustment).
Train Insulation monitoring analytical approach is utilized to carry out basis that insulation characterisitic research is motor train unit top insulation pick-up unit checking and appraising foundation and core work to train Insulation Inspection System.This work can be divided into two aspects, first aspect, the characteristic of insulation system under power frequency steady state voltage; The characteristic of second aspect under switching overvoltage.But the research of insulation characterisitic under Different climate condition in Steady state and transient state state is not reported so far.Therefore in the performance history of device, first phytotron is established, to the influence factor of the insulation characterisitic of top insulation system, as temperature, humidity, filth, wind speed, drench with rain etc. is studied, have accumulated a large amount of experimental datas, in the process of experiment, have also discovered some new phenomenons simultaneously.These basic work make us have deep understanding and grasp to insulation characterisitic, simultaneously also for solid reliable basis has been laid in the development of device.
Fig. 5 is that train of the present invention insulate the schematic diagram of filthy method of testing, as shown in the figure, specifically comprises the steps:
Step 201, configuration detection dunghill;
Concrete filthy detection method specifically comprises:
Step 21, being dissolved in the water by zeyssatite potpourri becomes the first solution;
By 100g zeyssatite, the silicon dioxide of the grain size 2 μm ~ 20 μm of 10g high degree of dispersion, and 1000g water dissolves, and forms the first solution.
Filthy configuration is as follows:
Consisting of of zeyssatite potpourri: 100g zeyssatite, the silicon dioxide of 10g high degree of dispersion, grain size 2 μm ~ 20 μm; 1000g tap water; Appropriate commercially pure NaCl.
When the volume conductance of tap water is higher than 0.05s/m, recommendation softening water.In order to insulator when making test reach its benchmark pollution degree and deviation ± 15% requirement that conforms with the regulations, can by submit to test insulator itself (or its part) make the preliminary experimental Appropriate staining the volume conductance determining soiling solution to be prepared.Desired volume conductance reaches by the salt amount in adjustment soiling solution.As an approximate reference value, when table 1 below gives insulator benchmark pollution degree and temperature 20 DEG C soiling solution volume conductance between approximate corresponding relation.
Table 1, zeyssatite potpourri: corresponding relation approximate between soiling solution volume conductance when benchmark pollution degree and temperature 20 DEG C on insulator
Table 2, anti-pollution type outdoor bar-shaped support insulator artificial pollution tolerance value
Step 22, be dissolved into NaCl at identical temperature water again in become the second solution;
Step 23, detect the first conductance of the first solution and the second conductance of the second solution;
Step 24, when the conductivity of the second solution of the first volume is just in time equal to the conductivity of the first solution, show that conducting objects quantity in the first solution is equivalent in the amount of this NaCl;
Step 25, calculating the quality of the NaCl of the first volume second solution, is the value of equivalent salt density with the surface area ratio of determinand.
Pollution test according in GB/T 4585-2004 " high-tension overhead line and generating plant, the filthy classification of electric substation's environment and external insulation choice criteria " about circuit and generating plant, electric substation's filth are carried out.Wherein have employed equivalent salt density method mensuration in test, specific as follows:
Equivalent salt density method is the conductivity quantitative measurment in addition had ionisable substance, actual dunghill is dissolved in the distilled water at a certain volume and a certain temperature, again NaCl is dissolved into same solvent with in the distilled water at identical temperature, measures the conductivity of 2 kinds of solution respectively.When the conductivity of certain a certain amount of NaCl solution is just in time equal to the conductivity of soiling solution, just say that the conducting objects quantity equivalence in soiling solution is measured in this NaCl.Again by the surface area of the milligram number of this NaCl divided by insulator, be required equivalent salt density.
The feature of gradation for surface pollution is as shown in the table
Step 202, is coated on insulation thing to be detected by described dunghill;
Step 203, carries out Insulation monitoring to described thing to be detected;
For train Insulation Inspection System, utilize filthy method to detect, under the relative humidity 100% and Humid Status, as voltage 30kV, Leakage Current maximal value reaches about 40mA and 100mA respectively, and when icing and high temperature, Leakage Current is 13mA.
Concrete, carried out actual measurement by I level and the filth of IV level respectively, under the relative humidity 100% and Humid Status, as voltage 30kV, Leakage Current maximal value reaches about 40mA and 100mA respectively, and when icing and high temperature, Leakage Current is only 13mA.Therefore, it is top insulation dangerous period under filth and haze weather conditions.
Present invention employs independently high-pressure measurement mechanism, can provide and can meet capacity and the voltage that roof high-tension apparatus carries out filthy experiment.
Step 204, judges the insulativity of described thing to be detected in filthy situation according to Insulation monitoring result.
Utilize the change in voltage of first and second winding of the high voltage potential transformer that locomotive is installed to realize the Insulation test of roof high-tension apparatus, its capacity is less than 300VA, and ceiling voltage is only 25kV.And according to us when the data that artificial-climate laboratory carries out level Four filth experiment show roof high-tension apparatus generation pollution flashover, High-Voltage Experimentation equipment should be able to provide the capacity of 3000VA, and the voltage of this device is 0kV-30kV.
Can simulate the switching overvoltage state that in pantograph rising bow process, insulator arrangement bears, test result is true, reliable.
Device takes two kinds of multi-form high pressure withstand voltage test modes, and wherein the first carries out the withstand voltage pressure testing of the slow rising manner of 0kV-30kV voltage, i.e. industrial frequency withstand voltage pressure testing; And the second carries out the withstand voltage test of 30kV high-pressure closing switch, i.e. the withstand voltage pressure testing of switching overvoltage.
Two kinds of phenomenons may be there are: the first phenomenon is roof high-tension apparatus generation flashover, now boosts and automatically will stop and carrying out alarm, then automatically repeats the slow boosting mode of 0kV-30kV in the first withstand voltage test process.If do not reach 30kV at this boost process mesohigh and flashover occurs again, then illustrate that serious insulation defect has appearred in top insulation equipment, must overhaul; The second phenomenon is non-flashover and is only that Leakage Current exceeds standard, and now carries out another alarm and again repeats the slow boosting mode of 0kV-30kV.Non-flashover in the process, and Leakage Current exceeds standard again, now can judge whether to proceed withstand voltage pressure testing according to withstand voltage the carrying out of twice boosting.Specific as follows: if twice is withstand voltage very close, illustrate that serious filth has appearred in top insulation, must clear up; Significantly improve if second time is withstand voltage, then can continue repetition withstand voltage test, reach 30kV until withstand voltage, this filthy material can be discharged electric-arc gasification, and insulating property are restored, and therefore power frequency withstand test has certain cleaning action.
After power frequency withstand test passes through, in order to simulate pantograph rising bow process further, carrying out second time and operating withstand voltage test.First voltage is raised to 30kV, then Closing Switch, if there is not flashover, normal rising bow, otherwise need the insulation of checkout facility.
Professional should recognize further, in conjunction with unit and the algorithm steps of each example of embodiment disclosed herein description, can realize with electronic hardware, computer software or the combination of the two, in order to the interchangeability of hardware and software is clearly described, generally describe composition and the step of each example in the above description according to function.These functions perform with hardware or software mode actually, depend on application-specific and the design constraint of technical scheme.Professional and technical personnel can use distinct methods to realize described function to each specifically should being used for, but this realization should not thought and exceeds scope of the present invention.
The software module that the method described in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein or the step of algorithm can use hardware, processor to perform, or the combination of the two is implemented.Software module can be placed in the storage medium of other form any known in random access memory (RAM), internal memory, ROM (read-only memory) (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technical field.
Above-described embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; the protection domain be not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. train insulate a filthy method of testing, and it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Step 1, configuration detection dunghill;
Step 2, is coated on insulation thing to be detected by described dunghill;
Step 3, carries out Insulation monitoring to described thing to be detected;
Step 4, judges the insulativity of described thing to be detected in filthy situation according to Insulation monitoring result.
2. train according to claim 1 insulate filthy method of testing, and it is characterized in that, described step 1 specifically comprises:
Step 11, being dissolved in the water by zeyssatite potpourri becomes the first solution;
Step 12, be dissolved into NaCl at identical temperature water again in become the second solution;
Step 13, detect the first conductance of the first solution and the second conductance of the second solution;
Step 14, when the conductivity of the second solution of the first volume is just in time equal to the conductivity of the first solution, show that conducting objects quantity in the first solution is equivalent in the amount of this NaCl;
Step 15, calculating the quality of the NaCl of the first volume second solution, is the value of equivalent salt density with the surface area ratio of determinand.
3. train according to claim 2 insulate filthy method of testing, it is characterized in that, described step 11 specifically comprises: by 100g zeyssatite, the silicon dioxide of the grain size 2 μm ~ 20 μm of 10g high degree of dispersion, dissolve with 1000g water, form the first solution.
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