CN104323003A - Black porgy immunopotentiator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of feed additives and specifically discloses a black sea bream immune enhancer. The immune enhancer is composed of ginseng polysaccharide. According to the breeding characteristics of black sea bream, the present invention researches an immune enhancer suitable for black sea bream. After research, the inventor finds that only ginseng polysaccharide is used as a feed additive in the black sea bream compound feed, and the added amount is only 0.02-0.04%. , can significantly enhance the body immunity of black sea bream, promote growth, and the added ginseng polysaccharide has no adverse effect on the palatability of the feed. The most important thing is that the raw material source of ginseng polysaccharide is stable, the price is low, the production process is simple, and it can really be widely used. Applied to the cultivation of black sea bream.

Description

A black sea bream immune enhancer

technical field

The invention relates to the field of feed additives, in particular to a black sea bream immune enhancer.

Background technique

Polysaccharides are a class of natural macromolecular polymers linked by glycosidic bonds between aldoses or ketoses. Polysaccharides are widely sourced in nature, especially in higher plants, animals, microorganisms, and seaweeds. Since the 1960s, polysaccharides have been considered as an ideal biological response modifier (Biological Response Modifiers, BRM). An extremely important decisive role, active polysaccharides can directly activate immune cells, or activate macrophages, T, B lymphocytes, and neutrophils through the mediation of receptors. Enhance the phagocytosis and killing of animal immune cells, activate the complement system, promote the production of antibodies, and the synthesis and secretion of cytokines. At present, active polysaccharides have been widely used in human and animal immune regulation.

Ginseng polysaccharides have strong immune enhancing activity. It can significantly enhance the phagocytic function of peritoneal macrophages and activate the reticuloendothelial system. Studies have found that ginseng polysaccharides can enhance the phagocytic function of the reticuloendothelial system, promote the formation of antibodies, increase the content of mouse IgG and guinea pig complement, and also have a significant stimulating effect on the production of mouse hemolysin. Ginseng polysaccharides can significantly increase the NK activity of normal mouse splenocytes and the levels of IL-2 and IFN after ConA stimulation, and the co-culture of ginseng polysaccharides and normal mouse splenocytes can also significantly increase the levels of IL-2 and IFN in splenocytes. level.

Mariculture fish is delicate in meat, delicious in taste and rich in nutrition. It is deeply loved by consumers, and its economic value is generally higher than that of freshwater fish and shrimp. With the occurrence of excessive breeding density and deterioration of the breeding environment, fish diseases are becoming more and more serious. At present, chemical drugs such as antibiotics are widely used in the prevention and control of aquaculture diseases. Due to the long-term use and abuse of drugs, the immune function of fish has declined, and the strains resistant to antibiotics have continued to increase. More importantly, drug residues in aquatic products have seriously affected food safety and human health. In aquaculture, prevention is more important than cure. How to improve the immunity of aquatic animals and improve the resistance of animals to diseases has become a research hotspot.

Contents of the invention

In order to improve the immune function of black sea bream and promote growth, the invention provides an immune enhancer which is cheap and can be widely used in black sea bream cultivation.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving immune function and promoting growth of black sea bream.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following schemes.

An immune enhancer for black sea bream, the immune enhancer is only composed of ginseng polysaccharides.

Preferably, the ginseng polysaccharide is extracted from ginseng stems and leaves.

A method for improving the immune function and promoting growth of black sea bream. Ginseng polysaccharide is used as a feed additive in the compound feed of black sea bream in an amount of 0.02-0.04%.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

It was previously reported that combining ginseng polysaccharides with lentinan and Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides as feed additives to aquatic or livestock feed can improve animal disease resistance and promote animal growth. However, the production cost of lentinan and Flammulina velutipes is relatively high, which will inevitably bring great economic pressure to aquatic or livestock farmers. Therefore, this compound feed additive cannot be widely used in aquatic or livestock farming. , especially some animal farming with relatively low cost and profit.

Black sea bream is a kind of fish with relatively low breeding cost and profit. Even if they want to improve the disease resistance of black sea bream, farmers are reluctant to use expensive compound feed additives. The present invention is based on this situation. Through a large number of experiments, it has been found that only adding ginseng polysaccharides to the black sea bream compound feed in an amount of 0.02-0.04% can achieve the effect of improving the immune function of the black sea bream and promoting growth. This greatly reduces costs. Meet the actual needs of farmers.

Moreover, the source of ginseng polysaccharide is rich, the extraction method is mature, the cost is low, it is non-toxic, improves immunity, antibacterial and antiviral, and has no residue, which meets the requirements of green feed and green breeding. It is a new natural green feed additive, so As a functional feed additive, it has broad application prospects.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 shows the effect of ginseng polysaccharides on the expression of antioxidant enzyme mRNA in black sea bream liver.

Figure 2 shows the effect of ginseng polysaccharides on the mRNA expression of immune cytokines in black sea bream liver.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the technical field.

Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.

Example 1

The ginseng polysaccharide is mixed evenly with the black sea bream feed in the amount of 0.02-0.04%, and the addition of this product will not affect the subsequent processing of the feed in other ways. Black sea bream feed is conventional breeding feed.

Select healthy and disease-free experimental fish with an initial weight of about 20g; randomly divide them into three groups, the control group, the 0.02% supplement group, and the 0.04% supplement group. The control group uses black sea bream feed without ginseng polysaccharide; It refers to adding 0.02% ginseng polysaccharide to the feed of black sea bream. The 0.04% addition group refers to adding 0.04% ginseng polysaccharide to the feed of black sea bream. The experimental fish in each group were raised with their own feed for 6 weeks. Weigh at the beginning and end of the experiment, collect blood, liver, spleen, head kidney and other organs for weighing, and store the liver at low temperature. The activities of serum liver antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were measured in the laboratory. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content; detect the mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GPX in the liver and immune cytokines TNF-α, IL-1, and study the effect of ginseng polysaccharides on the growth and immune function of black sea bream. The test results are shown in Table 1-3 and Figure 1-2.

Among them, serum liver antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content is determined by detection methods routinely used in the field or commercial kits; detection methods for detecting the expression of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GPX in the liver and immune cytokines TNF-α and IL-1 gene mRNA It is a conventional real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR method.

It can be known from the test results in Table 1-3 and Figure 1-2:

(1) Adding ginseng polysaccharides in the diet significantly increased the body weight gain and liver-to-body ratio of black sea bream, but had no significant effect on other indicators (Table 1).

(2) The activities of T-AOC, SOD, CAT, GPX in serum and liver were significantly increased after adding ginseng polysaccharides in the feed, and the content of MDA was decreased (Table 2 and Table 3).

(3) The corresponding mRNA expressions of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GPX in the liver were detected, and it was found that the addition of ginseng polysaccharides in the feed, especially 0.04%, could significantly increase the corresponding mRNA expressions of the three enzymes (Figure 1).

(4) The expression of liver immune factors TNF-α and IL-1 mRNA The research results showed that ginseng polysaccharides could significantly increase the expression of immune factors TNF-α and IL-1 mRNA in the liver of black sea bream (Figure 2).

Table 1 Effects of ginseng polysaccharides on growth indicators of black sea bream (%)

Table 2 The effect of ginseng polysaccharides on the antioxidant response of black sea bream serum

 

Table 3 Effects of ginseng polysaccharides on the antioxidant response of black sea bream liver

 

Claims (3)

1. a black sea bream immune enhancer, characterized in that the immune enhancer is only composed of ginseng polysaccharides. 2. The black sea bream immune enhancer according to claim 1, characterized in that the ginseng polysaccharide is extracted from ginseng stems and leaves. 3. A method for improving the immune function of black sea bream and promoting growth, characterized in that ginseng polysaccharide is used as a feed additive in the black sea bream compound feed in an amount of 0.02-0.04%.