CN104320462B - The configurable information collecting method of smart grid-oriented and electric network information acquisition terminal - Google Patents

Abstract

A smart grid-oriented configurable information collection method, setting an interface protocol, defining and numbering the number of channels of each of the interface protocols, setting and numbering sensors on each of the channels, and defining the number of sampling bytes of each of the sensors And numbers, using the hardware description language VHDL to achieve parameter configuration. A power grid information collection terminal constructed by adopting a smart grid-oriented configurable information collection method. According to the characteristics and application requirements of the connected sensor, the present invention can perform four-level configuration by changing parameters to realize reconfiguration, and can realize a special interface connection mode and a bus sharing connection mode. It also provides a variety of communication methods, and supports a single communication mode and multiple communication modes. It can take into account the requirements of parameters such as cost, performance, and reliability, and has strong flexibility. It is especially suitable for smart grids and solves technical problems caused by a large number of terminals and heterogeneous characteristics.

Description

Configurable information collection method and power grid information collection terminal for smart grid

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of power system equipment, and more specifically, to a smart grid-oriented configurable information collection method and a power grid information collection terminal.

Background technique

Compared with the traditional grid, the sensor network of the smart grid has: a high degree of digitization, more sensors connected to more assets and equipment; a more intelligent data integration system and collection system; more decision-making and analysis capabilities, based on the collected The relevant analysis of the data, the implementation of optimized operation and management and other characteristics. Therefore, the theories and technologies applicable in the traditional grid have encountered technical bottlenecks in the smart grid.

The smart level of the smart grid requires the support of a large number of information collection devices, and the diversification of applications leads to different devices with heterogeneous characteristics.

(1) Quantity

The smart grid contains a large number of T nodes (from the busbar to the branch line), switch contacts, insulators and other components. Their temperature, insulation level and other parameters are related to the normal operation of the power grid, and the operating status of electrical equipment needs to be checked. Real-time detection requires tens of millions of sensors to be installed on transmission and distribution lines. The number of sensors is unmatched by traditional power grids.

(2) Heterogeneous features

1. Collection of power equipment status information

Power equipment is mainly divided into two categories: power generation equipment and power supply equipment. Power generation equipment mainly includes power plant boilers, steam turbines, gas turbines, water turbines, generators, transformers, etc. Power supply equipment mainly includes transmission lines of various voltage levels, transformers, contactors, etc.

2. Acquisition of environmental information on power lines

Install sensors on the transmission line to monitor the distance between trees and vegetation near the line gallery and the power line. These data help to predict possible failures and dispatch workers to possible accident locations.

3. User information collection terminal

In order to grasp the detailed user load situation, it is necessary to collect more real-time operation data of the power grid. User metering data mainly includes:

① AC analog quantity: including voltage, current, active power, reactive power, power factor, etc.;

② Statistical data of power quality violations: including voltage, current, power, power factor, harmonics, etc.;

③ Electric energy data: including total electric energy indication value, electric energy indication value of each tariff rate, total electric energy, electric energy of each tariff rate, maximum demand, etc.;

④Event record data: including event record data recorded by terminals and electric energy meters;

⑤ Working condition data: including working condition information of collection terminals and metering equipment;

⑥Other data: including fee control information, etc.

The information collection terminal in the traditional power grid is specially designed for different applications. When the equipment in the application is changed or upgraded, the hardware circuit or communication protocol needs to be modified or even redesigned, resulting in poor flexibility; the smart grid requires more than the traditional power grid The information collection terminal realizes information support, and the use of a customized information collection terminal point will lead to higher development costs and later maintenance costs.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a smart grid-oriented configurable information collection method and a power grid information collection terminal to solve the above problems.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A configurable information collection method for smart grid,

Set the interface protocol, and define the value range of the number of types of the interface protocol as 1 to NP, NP is a natural number, and number the protocol standards of each of the interface protocols: P ₁ , P ₂ , ..., P _NP ;

Define the value range of the number of channels of each interface protocol as 1 to NI, NI is a natural number, and number the number of sub-interfaces under each interface protocol channel: I ₁ , I ₂ , ..., I _NI ;

Set sensors on each of the channels, the number of sensors ranges from 1 to NS, NS is a natural number, numbering the number of sensors: S ₁ , S ₂ , ..., S _NS ;

Define the value range of the number of sampling bytes of each sensor as 1 to NB, NB is a natural number, and number the number of sampling bytes: B ₁ , B ₂ , ..., B _NB ;

Using P _i , I _j , S _k , and B _m to represent the attribute information of the sensor;

Setting: NP≤8, NI≤8, NS≤8, NB≤8;

The hardware description language VHDL is used to build the model and realize the parameter configuration.

Preferably, by configuring the parameters of the acquisition terminal, the sensors in the system are connected in an independent interface mode or a bus sharing connection mode.

The present invention also provides a power grid information collection terminal. According to the characteristics and application requirements of the connected sensors, the interface protocol, the number of channels under the interface protocol, the number of connected sensors, and the sampling word of each sensor are performed on the information collection terminal. The number of nodes is defined independently, which can realize independent interface connection mode or bus sharing connection mode;

Four communication methods are adopted: ① wireless communication method; ② power line communication method; ③ optical fiber communication method; ④ IP network communication method, supporting single communication mode and multiple communication mode combined working mode;

Use the VHDL hardware description language to realize the configurable information collection method, multi-communication mode protocol and related control functions, complete the FPGA implementation of the information collection terminal, connect the required sensors to the information collection terminal by independent interface or bus sharing connection, and apply in the smart grid.

The information collection terminal provided by the present invention can be reconfigured in four levels by changing parameters according to the characteristics and application requirements of the connected sensors, and the information collection terminal can be reconfigured. It also provides a variety of communication methods, supports a single communication mode and multiple communication modes, and can be easily transplanted to occasions that use different communication modes. The information collection terminal can take into account the requirements of parameters such as cost, performance, and reliability, and has strong flexibility. It is especially suitable for smart grids and solves the technical problems caused by the large number and heterogeneity of terminals in smart grids.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

FIG. 1 is a hierarchical structure diagram of an information collection terminal constructed based on a smart grid-oriented configurable information collection method in an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a hierarchical structure diagram of an information collection terminal constructed based on a smart grid-oriented configurable information collection method in an embodiment of the present invention.

In order to solve the problems caused by the large number of smart grid information collection terminals and heterogeneous features, the present invention specifically proposes a configurable sensor network information collection terminal and method configured according to specific applications. The concept provided by this method can realize Using the same hardware circuit, by modifying the configuration parameters, the structure can be easily reconfigured without changing the hardware circuit to realize the requirements of the smart grid information collection system, which can be expanded, cut down, and plug-and-play, and can be installed on the main board The selection of different communication modes is realized by using different communication expansion boards.

The present invention can realize four levels of configuration: ①Interface protocol: configure the type of protocol standard, which can be configured as SPI protocol, I2C protocol, CAN bus protocol; ②The number of channels of the interface protocol: configure the number of channels for each protocol standard; ③ Number of sensors in a channel: configure the number of sensors in each channel; ④ sensor sampling bytes: configure the sampling bytes of each sensor.

The present invention also has four communication modes, including: ① wireless communication mode; ② power line communication mode; ③ optical fiber communication mode; ④ IP network communication mode.

The combination of multi-mode communication modes supported by the present invention includes:

(1) Single communication mode, choose one of four communication methods; it can be applied to occasions that require different communication methods.

(2) A variety of communication modes are used in combination, and two or more communication methods are selected; the advantage of multiple communication modes is that the reliability of communication can be realized through the backup channel.

The combination of modes is controlled by the communication mode selection control unit. This unit has a 2-layer selection function, first select the communication mode, and then select the communication method according to the communication mode.

The main board of the information collection terminal has dedicated interfaces for 4 different communication methods, and different communication expansion boards can be selected according to different usage occasions to realize different communication methods and communication modes.

In the smart grid-oriented configurable information collection method, the interface protocol needs to be set first, and the value range of the number of types of interface protocols is defined as 1 to NP, NP is a natural number, and the protocol standards of each interface protocol are numbered: P ₁ , P ₂ , ..., P _NP . Then, the value range of the number of channels of each interface protocol is defined as 1 to NI, and NI is a natural number, and the number of sub-interfaces under each interface protocol channel is numbered: I ₁ , I ₂ , ..., I _NI ; Set sensors on each channel, the number of sensors ranges from 1 to NS, NS is a natural number, number the number of sensors: S ₁ , S ₂ ,..., S _NS ; define the number of sampling bytes of each sensor The value range of NB is from 1 to NB, NB is a natural number, numbering the number of sampling bytes: B ₁ , B ₂ ,..., B _NB ; using P _i , I _j , S _k , B _m to represent the attribute information of the sensor . In the above operation, set: NP≤8, NI≤8, NS≤8, NB≤8; use the hardware description language VHDL to establish the model and implement parameter configuration.

Special attention should be paid to: in the above, if the value of i is zero, it means that the interface protocol of this number is not used. If j takes a value of zero, it means that the channel is not used. If k takes a value of zero, it means that the sensor number is not used. m is generally not zero, because the k value indicates the use of the sensor, if m is zero, it is meaningless. The configurable parameters of the information collection terminal are NP, NI, NS, and NB. The range of the number of sensors that can be connected to the information collection terminal is (1, NP×NI×NS). The value range of the number of sensors that can be connected to a certain type of interface protocol standard is: (1, NI×NS). The value range of the number of bytes sampled by each sampling period of the information collection terminal is: (1, NP×NI×NS×NB).

If the sensors S ₁ ~S _NS belong to the same interface protocol standard, without loss of generality, take NP=NS=NB=1, and NI increases sequentially within the value range of (1, 8), the configuration method in Table 1 can be adopted.

Table 1 Dedicated connection configuration with different communication numbers for the same interface protocol

If the sensors S ₁ -S _NS belong to different protocol standards, without loss of generality, take NI=NS=NB=1, and NP increases sequentially within the value range of (1, 8), and the configuration method in Table 2 can be adopted.

Table 2 Dedicated connection configuration for different interface protocols

Realization and Application Example of Configurable Information Collection Terminal

(1) Realization of configurable information collection terminal based on FPGA

According to the principle of the configurable information collection method, the hardware description language VHDL is used to realize the 4-level configurable information collection method, and the Altera company FPGA——EP1C12Q240C8 is used as the target device, and the NP≤8, NI≤8, NS≤8, NB≤ 8 configurable information collection terminals can support connection of up to 8×8×8=512 sensors.

(2) Examples of smart grid-oriented applications

A smart grid needs to detect 360 parameters. Each parameter samples 1 byte per cycle. Among them, there are 2 interface protocols of the sensor. Standard 1 has 172 sensors and Standard 2 has 188.

When the conditions NP≤8, NI≤8, NS≤8, and NB≤8 are met, each protocol standard can only support up to 64 sensors, and this application exceeds the configurable information collection terminal implemented in the above-mentioned embodiment (1) range of use.

There are two solutions to deal with applications beyond the scope: one is to modify the information collection terminal and increase the value of NI or NS. The second is to use unused resources on the basis of the original information collection terminal. The premise of adopting the second solution is that the total number of sensors is less than 512, but it cannot be guaranteed that all situations can be realized. The second option is used here.

Because this implementation presets NP=8 standards, but the current application only has 2 protocol standards, there are vacant reserved resources. The present invention can realize redistribution of vacant reserved resources, that is, one protocol standard can occupy multiple standard interfaces. Therefore, when the number of standards is small and the number of sensors is large, the sensors of the same standard can be implemented with multiple protocol standard interfaces.

1. Map protocol standard 1 into three protocol standards: P1, P2, and P3.

①Standard P1: NI=8, NS=8, supporting 8×8=64 sensors.

②Standard P2: NI=8, NS=8, supporting 8×8=64 sensors.

③Standard P3: NI=6.

Interfaces I1-I5: NS=8, supporting 5×8=40 sensors.

Interface I6: NS=4, supports 1×4=4 sensors.

The above configuration can support 64+64+40+4=172 sensors.

2. Map protocol standard 2 into four protocol standards: P4, P5, P6, and P7.

①Standard P4: NI=8, NS=8, supporting 8×8=64 sensors.

②Standard P5: NI=8, NS=8, supporting 8×8=64 sensors.

③Standard P6: NI=7, NS=8, supporting 7×8=56 sensors.

④Standard P7: NI=1, NS=4, support 1×4=4 sensors.

The above configuration can support 64+64+56+4=188 sensors.

The information collection terminal provided by the present invention can be reconfigured in four levels by changing parameters according to the characteristics and application requirements of the connected sensors, and the information collection terminal can be reconfigured. It also provides a variety of communication methods, supports a single communication mode and multiple communication modes, and can be easily transplanted to occasions that use different communication modes. The information collection terminal can take into account the requirements of parameters such as cost, performance, and reliability, and has strong flexibility. It is especially suitable for smart grids and solves the technical problems caused by the large number and heterogeneity of terminals in smart grids.

Compared with the information collection terminal with fixed functions, the information collection terminal in the present invention can be configured according to different usage occasions, and has strong flexibility. Since the information collection terminal has the same technical features, it provides great convenience for later maintenance and upgrade work.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (2)

1. A configurable information collection method for smart grid, characterized in that, Set the interface protocol, and define the value range of the number of types of the interface protocol as 1 to NP, where NP is a natural number, and number the protocol standards of each of the interface protocols: P ₁ , P ₂ , ... . . , P _NP ; Define the value range of the number of channels of each interface protocol as 1 to NI, NI is a natural number, and number the number of sub-interfaces under each interface protocol channel: I ₁ , I ₂ ,... ., I _NI ; Set sensors on each of the channels, the value range of the number of sensors is 1 to NS, NS is a natural number, and the number of the sensors is numbered: S ₁ , S ₂ , ..., S _NS ; Define the value range of the number of sampling bytes of each sensor as 1 to NB, NB is a natural number, and number the number of sampling bytes: B ₁ , B ₂ , ..., B _NB ; Using P _i , I _i , S _k , and B _m to represent the attribute information of the sensor; Setting: NP≤8, NI≤8, NS≤8, NB≤8; Use the hardware description language VHDL to build a model and realize parameter configuration; By configuring the parameters of the acquisition terminal, the sensors in the system are connected by independent interface or bus sharing connection. 2. A power grid information collection terminal, characterized in that, According to the characteristics of the connected sensors and application requirements, the interface protocol of the information collection terminal, the number of channels under the interface protocol, the number of connected sensors, and the number of sampling bytes of each sensor are independently defined, and independent interface connection methods can be realized or bus sharing connection; Four communication methods are adopted: ① wireless communication method; ② power line communication method; ③ optical fiber communication method; ④ IP network communication method, supporting single communication mode and multiple communication mode combined working mode; Use the VHDL hardware description language to realize the configurable information collection method, multi-communication mode protocol and related control functions, complete the FPGA implementation of the information collection terminal, connect the required sensors to the information collection terminal by independent interface or bus sharing connection, and apply in the smart grid.