CN104310948B - A kind of three D print the preparation method of rapid shaping inorganic powder materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses the preparation method that a kind of three D print rapid shaping inorganic powder materials, it is characterized in that the method comprises: in shredder, vinyltriethoxysilane is added: 8% ~ 22% by mass percentage concentration, add inorganic powder materials: 78% ~ 92%, open shredder rotating speed at 200 revs/min, grinding at room temperature 4 ~ 6? h, obtains pre-treatment inorganic powder materials; Then in shredder, add pre-treatment inorganic powder materials by mass percentage concentration: 85% ~ 96%, add EVA hot-melt adhesive powder: 4% ~ 15%, open shredder rotating speed at 200 revs/min, grinding at room temperature 4 ~ 6? h, institute obtains three D and prints rapid shaping inorganic powder materials.Have preparation technology simple, condition is easy to control, and production cost is low, is easy to suitability for industrialized production.This material does not need to spray binding agent heating 140 ~ 180 DEG C, and pressure can straight forming in the scope of 2MPa ~ 6MPa, and forming operation is simple.

Description

A preparation method of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material

technical field

The invention relates to a method for preparing a 3D printing inorganic powder rapid prototyping material, which belongs to the field of rapid prototyping materials, and in particular to a preparation process for a 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material.

Background technique

Three Dimonsion Printing (Three Dimonsion Printing, referred to as Three DP) is a rapid prototyping technology that can divide the three-dimensional model data designed by the computer into layer model data, and build specific raw materials layer by layer until the entire entity is constructed. Three-DP molding has the advantages of low cost, no pollution in the working process, and fast molding speed.

Rapid prototyping technology, also known as rapid prototyping manufacturing (RPM) technology, was born in the late 1980s. It is a high-tech manufacturing technology based on material accumulation method and is considered to be a major achievement in the manufacturing field in recent years. It integrates mechanical engineering, CAD, reverse engineering technology, layered manufacturing technology, numerical control technology, material science, and laser technology, and can automatically, directly, quickly and accurately transform design ideas into prototypes with certain functions or directly manufacture parts , so as to provide a high-efficiency and low-cost realization means for parts prototype production and verification of new design ideas. That is, rapid prototyping technology is to use the data of three-dimensional CAD to accumulate layers of materials into solid prototypes through rapid prototyping machines.

3D printing technology includes three DP technology, FDM fusion lamination molding technology, SLA stereolithography technology, SLS selective laser sintering technology, DLP laser molding technology and UV ultraviolet molding technology. The materials used in different technologies are completely different, which are different from our ordinary people and families. The most common application is FDM 3D printing technology. This technology can be used in the home. It is easy to operate and the materials used are widely available. The products printed by this technology are also close to our daily necessities. The materials used are mainly environmentally friendly and high-quality. Molecular materials, such as: PLA, PCLPHAPBSPA ABSPCPS POM PVC, because this technology is generally printed on the desktop, the smell or decomposition of the molten polymer material produces harmful substances that come into direct contact with our people, which is likely to cause safety problems . Suitable materials can be selected for industrial parts and other parts that require a certain strength function.

In the field of existing molding materials, SLS rapid prototyping technology has a wide range of applications in the field of rapid prototyping because of its advantages such as diverse sources of raw materials and short construction time of parts. Chinese invention patent CN1379061A discloses a nylon powder material used for laser sintering molding products. Through chemical synthesis and process improvement, the surface of the nylon powder material is treated to obtain excellent sintering performance, high strength molding products, and good toughness. The product simplifies the preparation process of laser sintered nylon material and reduces the cost. However, there are many shortcomings in the SLS process that seriously limit the further application and popularization of SLS; thus, the use of molding materials based on the SLS process is also limited.

The three-DP process is similar to the SLS process, both of which are formed by powder material selection. The difference is that the powder materials of the three-DP process are not connected by layer-by-layer laser sintering, but under the action of the nozzle, with an adhesive (such as Silica gel) "prints" the cross-sectional information of the part on the powder material. Since the three DPs are formed by spraying the adhesive through the nozzle, the cost of using complex and expensive sintering equipment such as lasers is avoided, which is conducive to the use and promotion of rapid prototyping technology. Chinese invention patent CN102093646B discloses a preparation method for three-dimensional printing rapid prototyping materials, which is to carry out a series of modifications on the powder material to obtain the modified powder material A, and the modified powder material A is mixed with the binder B during use. use.

Due to the large particle size of the three DP rapid prototyping material powder, it is difficult to form thin-walled parts, the forming accuracy of tiny parts is not high enough, and the surface has a more obvious roughness; Low and insufficient. In addition, the three-DP molding materials currently sold in the market are basically monopolized by foreign companies, and the price is high, which seriously restricts the promotion and popularization of the three-DP molding technology in my country.

In the present invention, the superfine powder material can reach the micron level or even the submicron level by performing surface dispersion modification on the powder material, and the powder material with uniform particle size is obtained; starting from the powder modification formula, the obtained powder inorganic material is It can be formed directly under temperature and pressure without spraying adhesive, which greatly simplifies the procedure. The obtained product not only has high strength, but also makes it possible to realize the molding of thin-walled tiny parts on a three-DP rapid prototyping machine; in addition, the method provided by this patent is simple and low in cost.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material, the rapid prototyping powder can be directly formed by heating without spraying binder;

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

A preparation method of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material, characterized in that the method has the following process steps:

(1) Inorganic powder material pretreatment: In the grinder, add vinyltriethoxysilane: 8%~22% according to mass percentage concentration, add inorganic powder material: 78%~92%, the sum of each component 100%, turn on the grinder at 200 rpm, and grind at room temperature for 4-6 hours to obtain pretreated inorganic powder materials;

(2) Preparation of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder materials: In the grinder, add pretreated inorganic powder materials according to mass percentage concentration: 85%~96%, add EVA hot melt adhesive powder: 4%~15%, The sum of each component is 100%, turn on the grinder at a speed of 200 rpm, grind at room temperature for 4~6 hours, and obtain the 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material, the particle size of the 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material is 100~200nm within range.

The inorganic powder material described in step (1) is pottery clay, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, silicon dioxide, glass powder, and the particle size of the powder material is within the range of 100-150 nm.

The inorganic powder material described in step (1) should be dried at 105-110°C for 2-3 hours.

The mass ratio of the vinyltriethoxysilane to the inorganic powder material in the step (1) is optimal in the range of 1:8~10.

The particle size of the EVA hot melt adhesive powder described in step (2) is less than 500nm.

The mass ratio of the EVA hot melt adhesive powder to the pretreated inorganic powder material in step (2) is optimal in the range of 1:10-12.5.

The particle size test method of the present invention is the particle size equivalent diameter measured by a laser particle size analyzer.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an application for 3D printing rapid prototyping powder material molding on a three-dimensional printer, characterized in that: take the rapid prototyping powder material and place it on the three-dimensional printing rapid prototyping machine, and spread the uniform rapid prototyping powder The material is placed in the X and Y directions of the horizontal plane (the X and Y directions represent the horizontal and vertical directions of the horizontal plane, respectively), and then descends to a certain height in the vertical Z direction of the plane. Then spread the rapid prototyping powder material on the next layer, and repeat this. After all the materials are added, the temperature rises to 140~180°C, and the pressure can be directly formed within the range of 2MPa~6MPa.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) The present invention obtains 3D printing rapid prototyping powder materials, which do not need to be sprayed with binders during the printing process, and can be directly molded when the temperature rises to 140~180°C and the pressure is within the range of 2MPa~6MPa. easy to use.

(2) The present invention obtains 3D printing rapid prototyping powder material, the particles can reach submicron or even nanometer level, and has the characteristics of small median diameter, narrow particle size distribution range, and stable properties; this rapid prototyping powder material can be manufactured Thin-walled models or tiny parts, the manufactured products have the characteristics of high surface gloss, good strength and high precision.

(3) The 3D printing rapid prototyping powder material obtained by the present invention has the advantages of simple preparation process, easy control of conditions, low production cost, and easy industrial production.

detailed description

Example 1

(1) Pretreatment of inorganic powder materials: In the grinder, add vinyltriethoxysilane: 15mL, add inorganic powder materials: 85g, turn on the grinder at 200 rpm, and grind for 5 hours at room temperature to obtain pretreatment Inorganic powder materials;

(2) Preparation of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder materials: In the grinder, add pretreated inorganic powder materials: 90g, add EVA hot melt adhesive powder: 10g, turn on the grinder at a speed of 200 rpm, and grind at room temperature 5h, the obtained 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material.

Example 2

(1) Pretreatment of inorganic powder materials: In the grinder, add vinyltriethoxysilane: 10mL, add inorganic powder materials: 90g, turn on the grinder at a speed of 200 rpm, and grind at room temperature for 6 hours to obtain pretreatment Inorganic powder materials;

(2) Preparation of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder materials: In the grinder, add pretreated inorganic powder materials: 85g, add EVA hot melt adhesive powder: 15g, turn on the grinder at a speed of 200 rpm, and grind at room temperature 4h, the obtained 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material.

Example 3

(1) Pretreatment of inorganic powder materials: In the grinder, add vinyltriethoxysilane: 20mL, add inorganic powder materials: 80g, turn on the grinder at a speed of 200 rpm, and grind for 4 hours at room temperature to obtain pretreatment Inorganic powder materials;

(2) Preparation of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder materials: In the grinder, add pretreated inorganic powder materials: 95g, add EVA hot melt adhesive powder: 5g, turn on the grinder at a speed of 200 rpm, and grind at room temperature 6h, the obtained 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material.

Example 4

(1) Pretreatment of inorganic powder materials: In the grinder, add vinyltriethoxysilane: 8mL, add inorganic powder materials: 92g, turn on the grinder at 200 rpm, and grind for 6 hours at room temperature to obtain pretreatment Inorganic powder materials;

(2) Preparation of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder materials: In the grinder, add pretreated inorganic powder materials: 87g, add EVA hot melt adhesive powder: 13g, turn on the grinder at 200 rpm, and grind at room temperature 5h, the obtained 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material.

Example 5

(1) Pretreatment of inorganic powder materials: In the grinder, add vinyltriethoxysilane: 22mL, add inorganic powder materials: 78g, turn on the grinder at 200 rpm, and grind for 4 hours at room temperature to obtain pretreatment Inorganic powder materials;

(2) Preparation of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder materials: In the grinder, add pretreated inorganic powder materials: 92g, add EVA hot melt adhesive powder: 7g, turn on the grinder at a speed of 200 rpm, and grind at room temperature 6h, the obtained 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material.

Example 6

(1) Inorganic powder material pretreatment: In the grinder, add vinyltriethoxysilane: 10L, add inorganic powder material: 90kg, turn on the grinder at 200 rpm, and grind for 5 hours at room temperature to obtain pretreatment Inorganic powder materials;

(2) Preparation of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder materials: In the grinder, add pretreated inorganic powder materials: 92kg, add EVA hot melt adhesive powder: 8kg, turn on the grinder at a speed of 200 rpm, and grind at room temperature 5h, the obtained 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material.

Example 7

(1) Inorganic powder material pretreatment: In the grinder, add vinyltriethoxysilane: 18mL, add inorganic powder material: 82g, turn on the grinder at 200 rpm, and grind at room temperature for 6 hours to obtain pretreatment Inorganic powder materials;

(2) Preparation of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder materials: In the grinder, add pretreated inorganic powder materials: 96g, add EVA hot melt adhesive powder: 4g, turn on the grinder at a speed of 200 rpm, and grind at room temperature 6h, the obtained 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material.

Method of use: take the rapid prototyping inorganic powder material synthesized in the embodiment and place it on the three-dimensional printing rapid prototyping machine, on the horizontal plane X and Y directions of the evenly spread rapid prototyping powder material (the X and Y directions represent the transverse and longitudinal directions of the horizontal plane respectively ), and then descend to a certain height in the vertical Z direction of the plane. Then spread the rapid prototyping powder material on the next layer, and repeat this. After all the materials are added, the temperature rises to 110~180°C, and the pressure can be directly formed within the range of 2MPa~6MPa. The obtained product has high pressure resistance and good gloss.

Claims (7)

1. a preparation method of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material, is characterized in that, the method has the following processing steps: (1) Inorganic powder material pretreatment: In the grinder, add vinyltriethoxysilane: 8% to 22% according to mass percentage concentration, add inorganic powder material: 78% to 92%, the sum of each component 100%, turn on the grinder at a speed of 200 rpm, and grind at room temperature for 4-6 hours to obtain pretreated inorganic powder materials; (2) Preparation of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder materials: In the grinder, add pretreated inorganic powder materials: 85% to 96% according to mass percentage concentration, add EVA hot melt adhesive powder: 4% to 15%, The sum of each component is 100%, turn on the grinder at a speed of 200 rpm, grind at room temperature for 4-6 hours, and obtain the 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material. 2. The preparation method of a 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the particle size of the 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material is within the range of 100-200nm. 3. The preparation method of a kind of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inorganic powder material described in step (1) is pottery clay, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, Silicon oxide, glass powder, the particle size of the powder material is in the range of 100-150nm. 4. The preparation method of a 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inorganic powder material described in step (1) should be dried in the range of 105-110°C for 2-3 hours . 5. the preparation method of a kind of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass ratio of vinyltriethoxysilane described in step (1) and inorganic powder material is 1: 8-10. 6. The preparation method of a kind of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the particle diameter of the EVA hot melt adhesive powder described in step (2) is less than 500nm. 7. the preparation method of a kind of 3D printing rapid prototyping inorganic powder material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass ratio of EVA hot-melt adhesive powder described in step (2) and pretreatment inorganic powder material is 1:10～12.5.