CN104289974B - The ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of numerical control of machine tools and the time synchronization control method completed thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic automatic detection, and in particular relates to a numerical control ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of a machine tool and a time synchronization control method thereof, which solves the problems existing in the existing ultrasonic automatic detection technology. It uses machine tools as a detection platform, including ultrasonic transmitting and receiving components, ultrasonic auxiliary detection components, ultrasonic coupling components and numerical control components. In the method, the attitude control of the probe in the attachment and the transmitting and receiving of ultrasonic waves are realized through the "time synchronization method". Coordination of machine tool work. The invention adopts the idea of product family design, and can quickly design and manufacture varieties that can meet the needs of different types and models of machine tools. The invention can be quickly installed on the machine tool, and the accessory and the machine tool can be controlled through the proposed "time synchronization method". Work, realize the online ultrasonic detection of the workpiece in the process of processing.

Description

Machine tool CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessories and its time synchronization control method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic automatic detection, and in particular relates to a CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of a machine tool and its completed time synchronization control method, which uses a machine tool as a detection platform, expands the scope of application of the machine tool, and enables different types of machine tools to have online Ultrasonic automatic detection function.

Background technique

With the continuous improvement of quality awareness in industrial production and the increasing pressure of market competition, non-destructive testing technology plays an increasingly important role in total quality control. Ultrasonic testing, the most widely used and most frequently used non-destructive testing technology, is moving towards digitization, imaging, intelligence and automation with the help of computer technology, automatic control technology, electronic technology, mechatronics technology, and signal processing technology. Development, concentrated in the research and development of digital, image, intelligent automatic detection system. However, the development of automatic detection technology still has the following problems:

1. The investment cost of ultrasonic automatic testing equipment is high, often hundreds of thousands, millions or even tens of millions, and most of them are closed special systems for a certain type of workpiece to be inspected at most, and the range of detection objects is narrow , poor versatility, and high detection cost.

2. Ultrasonic automatic detection is the integration of various technologies such as sensors, machinery, electronics, control, computer, signal processing, image processing and display. Its technology is highly complex and difficult to develop.

3. The ultrasonic detection and processing of parts are completed on different equipment, which increases the auxiliary time of detection, reduces the detection efficiency and increases the detection cost.

4. The proportion of senior technicians and senior operators in the professional team of ultrasonic testing is small, which hinders the application and development of ultrasonic automatic testing technology.

Due to the existence of the above problems, the current ultrasonic automatic detection technology is mainly used in some components whose defects seriously affect their performance or even cause catastrophic consequences, such as some key components in the fields of aviation, aerospace, weapons, ships, nuclear industry and oil pipelines. A large number of ordinary parts are not inspected, even if most of the inspections are still in the manual inspection stage, and few of them use automatic inspection technology.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the existing ultrasonic automatic detection technology, the present invention provides a CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of a machine tool and a time synchronization control method for its completion.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:

The machine tool CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessory is characterized in that it uses the machine tool as a detection platform, including ultrasonic transmitting and receiving components, ultrasonic auxiliary detection components, ultrasonic coupling components and numerical control components;

The ultrasonic transmitting and receiving component includes an ultrasonic probe and an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device;

The ultrasonic auxiliary detection component includes a detection accessory positioning installation interface module, an ultrasonic coupling component positioning installation interface and an additional scanning movement module that match the tool standard installation interface of the machine tool used;

The additional scanning motion module includes a power module and a scanning mechanism without degrees of freedom and/or a scanning mechanism with degrees of freedom; the scanning mechanism without degrees of freedom includes the connecting piece for installing the ultrasonic probe on the tool handle of the machine tool, and the scanning mechanism with degrees of freedom is fixed-length scanning mechanism and/or a conventional scanning mechanism with degrees of freedom; the fixed-length scanning mechanism can assist the machine tool to move to a certain point on the workpiece surface, and the distance between the probe and this point remains unchanged during the rotation process, and the fixed-length scanning mechanism includes a parallelogram scanning mechanism and/or or space virtual point scanning mechanism; parallelogram scanning mechanism and space virtual point scanning mechanism include primary degree of freedom and/or secondary degree of freedom scanning mechanism; parallelogram scanning mechanism includes sequentially hinged common base, rod one, rod two and The sliding rod, the extension of the common base, rod one, rod two and the extension of the sliding rod form a parallelogram, the intersection of the extension of the common base and the extension of the sliding rod coincides with the detection point, and the ultrasonic probe is installed on the sliding rod , the common base is connected with the tool handle of the machine tool;

The spatial virtual point scanning mechanism includes a support arm and a rotatable rotating arm. An ultrasonic probe is installed on the rotating arm. The ultrasonic probe moves along a motion track with a fixed distance from the detection point. The supporting arm is connected with the tool handle of the machine tool. The spatial virtual point scanning mechanism is Virtual point edge scanning mechanism and/or virtual point cross-workpiece scanning mechanism;

The conventional scanning mechanism with a degree of freedom is a conventional cross-workpiece one-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism and/or a conventional one-degree-of-freedom edge scanning mechanism;

The ultrasonic coupling component includes a probe installation module for positioning and installing probes of different specifications and an ultrasonic coupling device for achieving ultrasonic coupling between the workpiece and the probe;

The numerical control component is used to control ultrasonic emission and reception, ultrasonic coupling, additional scanning movement and cooperate with the main scanning movement of the numerical control machine tool.

The parallelogram one-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism includes a water spraying part I, and the water spraying part I is installed on the sliding bar through the slider I and fastened by screws, and the third axis is fixedly connected with the sliding bar, and the third axis can be moved through the bearing. The rotation is installed on the second rod, the sixth gear is installed on the third shaft, the fifth gear is installed on the second rod through the shaft, the fourth gear is fixedly connected with the first rod, the second shaft is fixedly connected with the second rod, and the second shaft is rotatably installed on the On rod one, gear three is fixedly connected to shaft two, gear two is mounted on rod one through the shaft, gear one is fixedly connected to the common base, shaft one is fixedly connected to rod one, and shaft one is rotatably mounted on the common base through bearings Above; gear 2 meshes with gear 1 and gear 3 at the same time, gear 5 meshes with gear 4 and gear 6 at the same time, rod 1 is parallel to the sliding rod; the public base is installed on the base, and the base is directly installed on the tool post of the machine tool.

Parallelogram two-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism, instead of the base directly connected to the tool handle of the machine tool, a machine tool connection handle is installed on the base through bearings, and the other end of the machine tool connection handle is installed on the tool holder of the machine tool, driving the base to connect around the machine tool The motor for the relative rotation of the handle is also mounted on the base.

The space virtual point scanning mechanism is a virtual point edge first-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism, which includes the water spray part II, the water spray part II is installed on the slide seat II through the connection block II, and the slide seat II is positioned and installed on the support arm one. and fastened by screws, the sliding seat II can slide on the support arm one, the support arm one is fixed on the rotating shaft II through the key positioning, and is locked by screws, the rotating shaft II is rotatably installed on the supporting arm two through the bearing one, Shaft II is connected to pulley 1 through a key, and pulley 2 is connected to motor 1 through a key. Motor 1 is positioned on the mounting base through screws, and the mounting base is mounted on support arm 2 through screws. Pulley 1 and pulley 2 Connected with a toothed belt, the first bearing is pressed into the positioning hole of the second support arm through the bearing end cover II, the second support arm is installed on the third support arm through screws, the third support arm is installed on the support base, and the support base is positioned and installed on the machine tool on the knife stand.

The virtual point edge two-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism is installed on the support base instead of the support arm 3: the support arm 2 and the support arm 3 are equipped with reinforcing ribs through screws, the support arm 3 is positioned and installed with the motor 2, and the motor 2 is connected by a key Pulley 3, machine tool connecting handle Ⅱ is installed on the support arm 3 through bearing positioning, one end of which is fixed with a positioning seat and bolts, and pulley 4 is connected to the machine tool connecting handle Ⅱ through a key, and pulley 3 and pulley 4 are used The toothed belts are connected, and the other end of the machine tool connection handle II is installed on the tool rest platform of the machine tool, and the center line of the machine tool connection handle II intersects with the center line of the rotating shaft II.

The space virtual point scanning mechanism is a virtual point cross-workpiece scanning mechanism, including a water spraying part III, and the water spraying part III is installed on the connecting rod of the rotating support arm through the connecting block III, and the connecting rod of the rotating supporting arm is installed on the connecting rod of the rotating supporting arm. At the outer end, the rotating support arm is positioned in the chute of the sliding seat III, and can slide in the chute composed of the sliding seat III and the end cover of the sliding seat. The rotating supporting arm is fixed by the set screw III, and the sliding seat III The hollow shaft is connected with the hollow shaft through the screw, the hollow shaft is installed on the adjustable support arm through the bearing III, the hollow shaft is connected with the motor III through the key, the bearing III is pressed in the positioning hole of the adjustable support arm III through the bearing end cover III, and can be adjusted The support arm III is positioned in the chute of the slider III, and can slide in the chute composed of the slider III and the end cover of the slider. The adjustable support arm III is fixed by the set screw, and the slider III is fixed by the screw. Installed on the support base III, the support base III is installed on the support base III through screws, the reinforcing rib III is installed on the support base III through screws, and the support base III is positioned and installed on the tool post of the lathe.

In the conventional one-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism across the workpiece, the connecting rod of the rotating support arm is installed at the outer end of the rotating supporting arm instead of the connecting rod of the rotating supporting arm being installed at the inner end of the rotating supporting arm.

The conventional one-degree-of-freedom edge scanning mechanism includes water spraying part IV, which is installed on the sliding arm through the slider IV, can slide on the sliding arm, and is locked by the screw IV, and the sliding arm IV is positioned and installed on the rotating shaft IV On the top, the rotating shaft IV is positioned and installed on the support arm IV through the bearing, and is pressed with the bearing cover IV, so that the bearing IV can rotate relative to the supporting arm IV, and the motor IV is positioned and installed on the motor seat and connected with the rotating shaft IV. The motor seat is positioned and installed on the support arm IV through screws, the support arm IV is connected with the support arm IV through screws, the support arm IV is installed on the support base IV through screws, and the support base IV is positioned and installed on the tool rest platform of the lathe.

The present invention uses cutting fluid as the coupling fluid, and utilizes the cutting fluid circulation system of the machine tool to realize the circulation of the coupling fluid. The ultrasonic coupling device includes two branches connected with the cutting fluid pump of the machine tool, a detection branch and a processing branch, and the detection branch A throttling valve, a filter, a pressure reducing valve and a flow meter are sequentially installed on the pipeline to form a coupling liquid purification device. The coupling liquid purification device is connected to the water spraying part, and a throttle valve and a nozzle are sequentially installed on the processing branch pipeline. The water spraying part includes The nozzle, the cavity body, and the bottom of the cavity body are provided with a water spray component positioning interface, and a chute is provided on the water spray component positioning interface to install an ultrasonic probe.

The time synchronization control method completed by the CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessories of machine tools, the attitude control of the probe in the accessories and the transmission and reception of ultrasound are realized through the "time synchronization method" to realize the cooperation with the machine tool. The time synchronization method first compiles the NC that controls the machine tool. Code, and then calculate the time when the probe moves to each detection point according to the code. When the machine tool starts to execute the NC code movement, the accessory can obtain the detection position of the probe at a certain moment through timing, so as to control the probe to maintain the corresponding detection posture and control the ultrasonic wave The transmission and reception of the probe to realize the ultrasonic scanning detection of the workpiece,

Specific steps are as follows:

a. Use the general numerical control programming method of machine tools to compile "NC codes for machine tool processing", and then calculate and generate "NC codes for machine tool inspection" and "NC codes for accessories" according to the processing codes;

b. Send the "NC code for machine tool inspection" to the CNC machine tool;

c. Pass the "NC code for accessories" to the CNC components of the accessories;

d. The machine tool establishes the workpiece coordinate system and returns to the detection reference point;

e. The accessory starts to monitor whether the machine tool starts to move from the detection reference point;

f. The machine tool executes the "NC code for machine tool inspection" and starts to move;

g. The synchronous sensor installed at the detection reference point detects the signal, and the accessory starts to adjust the probe attitude and detect;

h. After the test is completed, the computer processes the test data and obtains the test result.

The invention adopts the idea of modular design, can quickly design and manufacture varieties that can meet the needs of different types and models of machine tools, and can be installed on the machine tools in a plug-and-play manner. The modular design of the accessory is to design the unit with the same function on the accessory into several interchangeable modules with different performances. According to the needs of users, select and combine them into different functions or the same function but performance, Products with different specifications. Figure 37 is an exploded view of the module.

The method of the present invention,

1. "NC code for machine tool processing" refers to the machine tool control program compiled by the general CNC machining programming method, such as the NC code compiled by manual programming method or automatic programming method, using the ultrasonic probe as an ordinary "processing tool". The programming method of "machine tool processing NC code": CNC lathe (feed motion is X axis, Z axis 2 degrees of freedom) can use 4 axis milling machine (X axis, Y axis, Z axis, B axis, and Y=0) The preparation method of preparation. 3-axis and 4-axis CNC milling machines can be programmed using 5-axis (3 translation axes, 2 rotation axes) programming methods.

2. The "NC code for machine tool inspection" extracted according to the "NC code for machine tool processing" is still the NC code recognizable by the machine tool, so that the movement of the machine tool can be controlled by the NC code during inspection.

3. "Attachment NC code" mainly calculates the time information when the machine tool moves to each position on the workpiece surface based on the "machine tool processing NC code" as the reference basis for the synchronous work of the attachment.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the ultrasonic automatic detection can be performed on various workpieces that can be processed by the machine tool before, during or after the processing procedure, and the defects existing in the workpiece can be found in time, which advantageously ensures the manufacture of the workpiece. quality. At the same time, this technology uses the machine tool to realize the scanning movement between the inspected workpiece and the detector and uses the conventional numerical control programming method to compile the control program, which reduces the investment cost and technical difficulty of automatic inspection; and reduces the site conversion and multiple times. The clamping time is reduced, the detection speed of the workpiece is improved, and the operating cost is reduced.

Instructions attached

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of machine tool CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessories used in machine tools,

Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the composition of the CNC ultrasonic automatic detection system for machine tools,

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the composition of CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessories for machine tools,

Figure 4 Schematic diagram of lathe processing,

Figure 5 Schematic diagram of milling machine ball milling,

Figure 6 Partial enlarged view of turning process,

Fig. 7 Partial enlarged view of turning process,

Figure 8 schematic diagram of lathe movement,

Figure 9 NC code recognition processing flow chart,

Figure 10 Schematic diagram of linear motion in turning machining

Fig. 11 Schematic diagram of arc motion in turning machining,

Figure 12 Schematic diagram of deceleration after reaching a given feed speed during motion,

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of deceleration when the given feed speed cannot be reached during motion.

Figure 14 detection process flow chart,

Figure 15 Schematic diagram of a parallelogram mechanism,

Figure 16 Schematic diagram of space virtual point mechanism,

Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a conventional scanning mechanism with degrees of freedom,

Figure 18 Schematic diagram of parallelogram mechanism lathe inspection,

Figure 19 Schematic diagram of cross-workpiece detection of lathe with space virtual point mechanism,

Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the detection of the space virtual point mechanism not crossing the workpiece lathe,

Figure 21 Schematic diagram of a three-axis machine tool,

Figure 22 Schematic diagram of a four-axis machine tool,

Figure 23 Schematic diagram of four-axis automatic programming for milling,

Figure 24 Schematic diagram of milling four-axis automatic programming code used for lathe detection,

Figure 25 Schematic diagram of non-five-axis machine tools using conventional mechanisms for detection,

Figure 26 Schematic diagram of five-axis machine tools using accessories for detection,

Fig. 27 Schematic diagram of one-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism of parallelogram method,

Fig. 28 Schematic diagram of the two-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism of the parallelogram method,

Figure 29 Schematic diagram of the two-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism for edge detection by the space virtual point method,

Fig. 30 Schematic diagram of one-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism for edge detection by space virtual point method,

Fig. 31 Schematic diagram of one-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism for cross-workpiece detection by space virtual point method,

Fig. 32 Schematic diagram of a conventional one-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism across workpieces,

Fig. 33 Schematic diagram of conventional edge detection one-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism,

Figure 34 Schematic diagram of sprinkler installation,

Figure 35 Schematic diagram of the ultrasonic coupling module,

Figure 36 Functional decomposition diagram of CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessories for machine tools,

Figure 37 Module exploded view,

In the figure: 1.1-spraying part Ⅰ, 1.2-slider Ⅰ, 1.3-sliding rod, 1.4-shaft 3, 1.5-rod 2, 1.6-gear 6, 1.7-gear 5, 1.8-gear 4, 1.9-axle 2 , 1.10-rod 1, 1.11-gear 3, 1.12-gear 2, 1.13-gear 1, 1.14-axis 1, 1.15-common base, 1.16-base, 1.17-motor Ⅰ, 1.18-machine tool installation handle Ⅰ;

2.1-Water spray part II, 2.2-Connection block II, 2.3-Support arm I, 2.4-Rotating shaft II, 2.5-Bearing end cover II, 2.6-Bearing I, 2.7-Belt wheel I, 2.8-Belt wheel II, 2.9- Mounting seat, 2.10-motor 1, 2.11-support arm 2, 2.12-reinforcing rib Ⅱ, 2.13-pulley 3, 2.14-motor 2, 2.15-support arm 3, 2.16-machine tool mounting handle Ⅱ, 2.17-pulley 4, 2.18-Bearing 2, 2.19-Positioning seat, 2.20-Sliding seat Ⅱ, 2.21-Screw Ⅱ, 2.22-Sliding seat end cover Ⅱ, 2.23-Support base;

3.1-Water Spray PartⅢ, 3.2-Connection BlockⅢ, 3.3-Rotating Support Arm Link, 3.4-Swivel Support Arm, 3.5-Hollow Shaft, 3.6-BearingⅢ, 3.7-MotorⅢ, 3.8 Bearing End CoverⅢ, 3.9- Adjustable support arm, 3.10-slider cover 1, 3.11-set screw, 3.12-slider Ⅲ, 3.13-support base Ⅲ, 3.14-support seat Ⅲ, 3.15-reinforcing rib Ⅲ, 3.16-set screw Ⅲ, 3.17-sliding seat III, 3.18-sliding seat end cover 2;

4.1-Water Spray Ⅳ, 4.2-Slider Ⅳ, 4.3-Screw Ⅳ, 4.4-Sliding arm, 4.5-Rotating shaft Ⅳ, 4.6-Motor Ⅳ, 4.7-Motor base, 4.8-Support arm Ⅳ, 4.9-Support arm Ⅳ 2. 4.10-support base Ⅳ, 4.11-bearing cover Ⅳ;

1-machine tool, 2-workpiece, 3-ultrasonic auxiliary detection part, 4-computer, 5-numerical control part, 6-ultrasonic transmitting and receiving part, 7-ultrasonic coupling part, 8-machine tool cutting fluid tank, 9-cutting fluid motor, 10-tool holder, 11-chuck, 12-accessory mechanism, 13-no freedom standard interface, 14-coupling liquid interface, 15-probe cover, 16-probe outlet, 17-nozzle, 18-lower chamber, 19-cavity body, 20-coupling component positioning interface.

detailed description

The specific embodiment of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of the machine tool described in the present invention is a kind of accessory device with its own numerical control system for enabling the machine tool to have the ultrasonic automatic detection function. The invention is integrated with the machine tool to form a CNC ultrasonic automatic detection system for the machine tool (as shown in Figures 1 and 2), which realizes the on-line ultrasonic automatic detection of workpieces during processing. In this system, the cutting fluid supply circuit of the machine tool is used as the coupling fluid circuit. Install the ultrasonic probe and supporting mechanism on the installation position of the machine tool, such as the spindle hole or the tool holder, and install the inspected workpiece on the chuck or workbench. During detection, the additional scanning motion of the probe controlled by the built-in numerical control system cooperates with the main scanning motion provided by the machine tool to scan the workpiece, and at the same time control the ultrasonic emission and reception and the switching of the coupling liquid to realize the online automatic detection of the workpiece during processing . Detection results can be displayed through automatic alarm or images and graphics.

The technical characteristics of the CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of the machine tool and the ultrasonic automatic detection system formed with the machine tool according to the present invention are:

(1) Use the built-in CNC system to cooperate with the machine tool to realize the automation of the detection process. In addition to the manual loading and unloading of workpieces, probes and supporting mechanisms, the detection operation process is automatically completed under the control of the program.

(2) Use the "time synchronization method" to realize the cooperative work between the additional scanning motion of the attachment and the main scanning motion of the machine tool during the detection process, so as to realize the scanning detection of workpieces, especially workpieces with complex shapes.

(3) CNC programming is simple. If the machine tool is a CNC machine tool, the programming method of the main scanning motion is the same as that of the CNC machining program, and the control program of the accessory control system can be automatically generated according to the main scanning motion control program; if the machine tool is an ordinary machine tool, the main scanning motion uses the machine tool. It can be realized by the automatic cutting tool function, while the accessory control system only controls the transmission and reception of ultrasound, the switching of the coupling fluid and the coordination with the main scanning movement, so only simple parameter settings (such as setting the detection resolution, etc.) The detection process can be automated.

(4) In the machine tool CNC ultrasonic automatic detection system, the water spray coupling method is adopted, and the cutting fluid is used as the coupling fluid, and the cutting fluid supply circuit of the machine tool is simply modified as the coupling fluid circuit.

(5) The design of CNC ultrasonic automatic inspection accessories for machine tools adopts the design idea of product families. They can share common technologies, common features, components or subsystems, and have standardized internal interfaces, so that the components of the product can be completely interchanged. Through the product The platform can quickly design and manufacture varieties that can meet the needs of different types and models of machine tools, and can be plug-and-play. Theoretically, the accessories can form an ultrasonic testing system with various machine tools, but from the comprehensive evaluation of the necessity, feasibility and economical efficiency of the integrated ultrasonic testing function, the machine tools suitable for the integrated ultrasonic testing function are mainly metal cutting machine tools, and the focus is on lathes and milling machine. There are many types and models of lathes and milling machines, including turning centers and machining centers. Therefore, this accessory is mainly designed for modularization and parametric design of ultrasonic automatic detection accessories suitable for lathes and milling machines.

(6) In the machine tool ultrasonic testing system, the testing results can be displayed through a simple automatic alarm function, and can also be displayed through images and graphics: that is, the detected internal defects of the workpiece such as cracks, pores, and inclusions can be displayed in two-dimensional gray 3D images (C-scan, B-scan, etc.) can also be displayed with 3D CAD models.

The CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessories of machine tools are composed of ultrasonic transmitting and receiving parts, ultrasonic auxiliary detection parts, ultrasonic coupling parts, numerical control parts, etc. (as shown in Figure 3).

(1) The function of the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving part is to realize the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving, and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the received data. The part includes an ultrasonic probe and an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device.

The ultrasonic probe is the so-called ultrasonic transducer, and its function is to realize the conversion between electrical energy and mechanical energy. There are many types of probes, including straight probes, oblique probes, surface wave probes, water immersion probes, phased array probes, etc. The main function of the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device is to stimulate the emission and reception of ultrasonic waves, and to display, store, and process ultrasonic signals. Common ultrasonic transmitting and receiving devices include ultrasonic transmitting and receiving card, analog flaw detection card + A/D card, desktop analog ultrasonic flaw detector + A/D card and desktop digital ultrasonic flaw detector, etc.

(2) The function of the ultrasonic auxiliary detection part is to realize the positioning installation of itself on the machine tool installation position, the positioning installation of the ultrasonic coupling part and the additional scanning movement. The component includes a positioning and installation interface module of the ultrasonic auxiliary detection component, a positioning and installation interface of the ultrasonic coupling component and an additional scanning movement module.

The positioning and installation interface module of the ultrasonic auxiliary detection part can match the tool standard installation interface of the machine tool used, so as to realize the positioning and installation of the entire ultrasonic auxiliary detection part on the tool installation position of the machine tool. The positioning and installation interface of ultrasonic coupling components is a standardized mechanical interface, which can realize the positioning and installation of ultrasonic coupling components of different specifications. The function of the additional scanning movement module is to cooperate with the main movement of the machine tool to realize the detection and scanning. Ultrasonic testing generally requires that the ultrasonic propagation direction always coincides with the normal direction of the workpiece surface to be tested or forms a fixed angle, that is, the attitude control of the probe is required. The movement of non-five-axis CNC machine tools cannot fully meet this requirement, and the ultrasonic testing accessories are required to have additional scanning. Motion module to meet the scanning motion function.

(3) The function of the ultrasonic coupling component is to realize the positioning installation and ultrasonic coupling of the probe, including the probe installation module and the ultrasonic coupling device. The probe installation module is used to realize the positioning and installation of probes of different specifications; the ultrasonic coupling module is used to realize the ultrasonic coupling between the workpiece and the probe.

(4) The function of the numerical control component is to control the ultrasonic transmission and reception, ultrasonic coupling, additional scanning movement and coordinate with the main scanning movement of the CNC machine tool.

CNC ultrasonic automatic inspection accessories for machine tools is a kind of accessory device with its own numerical control system that enables different types of machine tools to have ultrasonic automatic inspection functions. The accessory is integrated with the machine tool to form the CNC ultrasonic automatic detection system of the machine tool, which realizes the online ultrasonic automatic detection of the workpiece during processing.

A complete ultrasonic automatic detection of scanning motion requires not only the control of the position of the probe, but also the control of the attitude of the probe. In three-dimensional space, only 5-axis CNC machine tools (3 translation axes, 2 rotation axes) can achieve this control task, and 2-axis, 3-axis, and 4-axis machine tools cannot fully realize this requirement. In order to control the position and attitude of the probe, in the ultrasonic automatic inspection system of the machine tool, the detection scanning motion is composed of two parts: one is the scanning motion provided by the machine tool, called the main motion; the other is the scanning motion provided by the accessory, called the main motion. for additional exercise. Machine tool CNC ultrasonic automatic inspection accessories can be divided into three types according to the number of degrees of freedom that provide additional motion: attachments without additional motion, attachments with one rotational motion, and attachments with two rotational motions.

Use accessories without additional movement for ordinary machine tools. The detection and scanning movement is realized by the automatic tool feed function of the machine tool or manual control. The numerical control system of the accessory only controls the ultrasonic emission and reception, the switching of the coupling fluid and the coordination and control functions with the main scanning movement. Simple. It is only suitable for the detection of workpieces with simple shapes. For example, ordinary lathes can detect cylindrical and disc workpieces, and ordinary milling machines can detect flat box parts.

For CNC machine tools, such as CNC lathes, to detect complex rotary surfaces, in order to keep the axis of the probe always on the normal line of the rotary surface, in addition to the axial (Z direction) and radial (X direction) feed provided by the CNC lathe In addition to the movement, an additional rotational movement is required, which must be realized by an accessory with a degree of freedom of rotational movement; on a 3-axis CNC milling machine, when it is necessary to detect a workpiece with a complex space surface, in order to keep the axis of the probe always on the space surface Keeping a fixed angle on the line or with the normal line, in addition to the feed motion in the X, Y, and Z directions provided by the CNC machine tool, two additional rotation motions are required, and an accessory with two rotation degrees of freedom is required On the 4-axis CNC milling machine, when it is necessary to detect complex spatial surface workpieces, it is necessary to use an accessory with a degree of freedom of rotational movement; on the 5-axis CNC milling machine, when it is necessary to detect complex spatial surface workpieces, use Additional motion accessories are implemented. Which type of detection accessories are used by other CNC machine tools depends on actual needs.

To sum up, the CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessories of machine tools can be applied to ordinary machine tools and also to CNC machine tools. Ordinary machine tools do not have a CNC system, and generally do not need accessories to provide additional scanning motion. The CNC system of the accessories only controls the detection process, and the control function is simple. But for CNC machine tools, the machine tool has its own control system, and the accessories also have their own CNC system. How the two CNC systems work together to complete the scanning motion and detection process control is a core issue.

In addition, in the CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessories of machine tools, the problem of ultrasonic coupling and the use of different types and models of machine tools must be solved.

Therefore, for machine tool CNC ultrasonic automatic testing accessories, especially for ultrasonic testing accessories for CNC machine tools, the following problems need to be solved:

(1) Without changing the numerical control system of the CNC machine tool, the attached CNC system controls the additional movement and cooperates with different types of machine tools, so that the probe maintains the required posture and position during detection, and controls the detection process to complete the inspection. Inspection of workpieces.

(2) For common processing non-5-axis CNC machine tools, such as CNC lathes, three-axis CNC milling machines, etc., the kinematic mechanism of the machine tool cannot ensure that the probe maintains the detection attitude requirements when it moves to the surface of a more complex workpiece (that is, the surface of the probe and the workpiece The distance remains unchanged, and the angle with the normal line of the workpiece surface remains unchanged), and an additional motion mechanism needs to be designed to ensure it.

(3) Coupling problems during ultrasonic testing.

(4) The versatility of accessories designed to meet different types and models of machine tools.

1. Control Method of Machine Tool Numerical Control Ultrasonic Automatic Inspection System

One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic detection control method using a machine tool as a detection platform, which can meet the requirements of different types of control and detection process and additional motion of the attachment with the CNC system without changing the CNC system of the machine tool. The machine tools work together to realize the scanning detection of workpieces, especially workpieces with complex shapes. For this reason, this patent proposes a "time synchronization method" to meet the control requirements.

1.1 Definition of time synchronization method

"Time synchronization method" refers to a working method in which "executor B" completes corresponding actions according to the time and trajectory information of "executor A", including programming methods, time calculation methods and specific operation processes. For machine tool CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessories, the accessory is regarded as "executor B", and the machine tool is regarded as "executor A". Through the recognition of the "NC code for machine tool processing", the "NC code for machine tool inspection" is extracted, the time for the probe to move to each inspection point is calculated, and the corresponding trajectory parameters are obtained to generate the "NC code for accessories". When the machine tool executes the movement controlled by the "NC code for machine tool inspection", the accessory executes the "NC code for accessory" to control the rotation of the probe, the trigger of the flaw detector and the switch of the coupling fluid, so as to ensure that they work together.

1.2 Control code and programming method

1.2.1 Control codes

In the CNC ultrasonic testing system composed of CNC machine tools and ultrasonic testing accessories, there are three control codes: "NC codes for machine tool processing", "NC codes for machine tool testing" and "NC codes for accessories".

"NC code for machine tool processing" refers to the machine tool control program compiled by the general CNC machining programming method, such as the NC code compiled by manual programming method or automatic programming method, using the ultrasonic probe as an ordinary "processing tool".

The "NC code for machine tool inspection" is the program code used to control the CNC machine tool during inspection. It may be exactly the same as the "NC code for machine tool processing", or it may be extracted from the "NC code for machine tool processing".

"NC code for accessories" is the CNC program used to control the accessories during detection. The code contains the time information and trajectory information of the machine tool moving to each position on the workpiece surface calculated according to the "NC code for machine tool processing", which is used as the synchronous work of the accessories. Reference basis. The code is generated through calculation based on the "NC code for machine tool processing", and is a code that can be recognized by the accessory CNC system.

1.2.2 Programming method

"NC code for machine tool processing" can be compiled with "conventional programming method" and "specific programming method".

(1) Conventional programming method

The so-called conventional programming method is the method of writing the NC program using the corresponding programming method for any kind of CNC machine tool. 4-axis, 5-axis CNC milling machine programming method to write CNC programs. The "NC code for machine tool processing" written by conventional programming methods is directly used as "NC code for machine tool inspection". The program compiled by the "conventional programming method" only contains the information for controlling the machine tool, but does not contain the information for controlling and detecting the additional motion of the attachment. However, based on this code, the "NC code for attachment" can be calculated and generated.

For common processing non-5-axis CNC machine tools, such as CNC lathes, 3-axis CNC milling machines, etc., when the "machine tool processing NC code" compiled by "conventional programming method" is used as the program to control the machine tool during detection, the trajectory of the probe It is the equidistant line of the workpiece contour, but the attitude control of the probe cannot be realized or fully realized, that is, the requirement that the angle between the probe axis and the normal line of the workpiece surface cannot be realized.

For example, when the CNC turning control program controls the movement of the turning tool, the tip of the tool contacts the surface of the workpiece, the spindle rotates, and the shape of the workpiece is processed. The tool extension length is L (Fig. 4, L=a1b1=a ₂ b ₂ =...=a _n b _n ), since the length of the tool remains unchanged during one machining, the distance between the tool reference point B (Fig. 4, b1, b ₂ ,..., b _n ) and the workpiece surface in the X-axis direction also remains unchanged, and the attitude of the tool remain unchanged (turning tool holder in Figure 4 is always parallel to the X axis). Ultrasonic testing needs to control both the position of the probe and the attitude of the probe. For example, for the single-shot and single-receive detection method of a straight probe, not only the distance between the center of the probe and the surface of the workpiece is required to remain unchanged, but also the axis of the probe must be on the normal line of the surface of the workpiece. superior. It also has similar properties for 3-axis CNC milling machines. As shown in Figure 5, the distance from the reference point (sphere center) of the ball-end milling cutter to the workpiece surface remains unchanged, and the attitude of the tool remains unchanged (in Figure 5, the axis of the tool handle is parallel to Z-axis), but the included angle between the tool (shank axis) and the normal of the workpiece surface changes.

As mentioned above, when the "NC code for machine tool processing" compiled by the "conventional programming method" is used as the "NC code for machine tool inspection", in order to realize the detection of the probe, it is necessary to design a rotating mechanism that can take the detection point on the workpiece surface as the rotation center. Taking the detection point a7 in Fig. 6 as an example, the rotating mechanism can take point a7 as the rotation center to rotate an angle θ, the rotation radius is R, and the detection distance is X (as shown in Fig. 7).

(2) Specific programming method

The so-called specific programming method is a method of directly compiling a control program that includes not only the information of the control machine tool but also the additional motion information according to the needs of the test, and then extracts the "NC code for machine tool test" from it, and calculates and extracts the "NC code for accessories". code". For example, a 2-degree-of-freedom (X-axis, Z-axis) CNC lathe adopts a 4-axis milling machine (X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, B-axis) finishing programming method to program its detection control program, that is, the rotation of the CNC lathe detection The body contour curve is programmed as a plane curve processed by a 4-axis CNC milling machine. At this time, Y=0, and only the three coordinates of X, Z, and B are control coordinates. This program includes the B-axis rotation information of attitude control. At this time The trajectory of the tool and the attitude of the tool are shown in Figure 8. _a1b1 , _a2b2 , ..., a _n b _n indicate the position of the tool handle of the turning tool, and they are on the normal line of the workpiece surface. Similarly, the detection program of 3-axis and 4-axis CNC milling machine is compiled by 5-axis programming method, and the control program also includes the information of the two rotation axes of attitude control.

1.3 Extraction and generation of "NC codes for testing" and "NC codes for accessories"

As analyzed above, the "NC codes for testing" and "NC codes for accessories" are extracted and calculated from the "NC codes for machine tool processing". Regardless of whether the "NC code for machine tool processing" is compiled using the "conventional programming method" or the "specific programming method", the processing flow of extracting and calculating the "NC code for inspection" and "NC code for accessories" is the same:

a. Analyze each line of code, extract information such as the time from the start of the machine tool movement to each point on the workpiece surface and the normal direction of each point, and generate the "NC code for attachment" required for the attachment according to this information.

b. When performing a analysis of each line of code, such as rotational speed, feed speed, etc., which are not suitable for detection, modify it appropriately and save it to "NC code for machine tool detection".

The following is the NC code recognition processing flow (Figure 9):

1.4 Time calculation method of time synchronization method

According to the principle of "time synchronization method", the time for the probe to move to each detection point needs to be calculated by "machine tool processing NC code". Ultrasonic testing accessories need to work together with the machine tool. When the main motion control probe of the machine tool reaches each testing point on the workpiece surface, the additional mechanism needs to rotate to its normal direction synchronously. Therefore, we need to calculate the machine tool moving from the starting point to each testing point on the workpiece surface. time.

The shape profile of a part is composed of various line types (such as straight line, arc, helix, parabola, free curve, etc.), but in actual processing, a small straight line or arc is often used to approximate (fit) the profile curve of the part , also use straight lines or arcs to approach the contour curve of the inspected workpiece during the detection process, that is, the trajectories described in the "machine tool processing NC code" are all straight lines or arcs. Therefore, we can obtain the time information t of each detection point and the normal direction information of the workpiece surface through the "machine tool processing NC code". The calculation method is as follows:

Set the spindle speed as W (r/min) and the feed rate as F

(1) For straight line segment ab (as shown in Figure 10)

Coordinates a(x1, z1), b(x2, z2) have the same normal phasor n for any point c(x3, z3) on the straight line ab,

(0≤α≤180);

Time taken from point a to point c (at constant speed)

.

(2) For arcs (as shown in Figure 11)

round The radius is r, for c(x3, z3) is Any point above, the center of the circle is d(x0,z0)

Length of straight line ab

,

Since the coordinates of the three points of Δadc are known, ∠adc can be obtained, and then the ac arc length s=r∠adc can be obtained,

Then obtain the time from a to c (at a constant speed) t=s/F.

(3) For linear acceleration and deceleration methods

When considering acceleration and deceleration, let the acceleration be the total distance traveled by a from t0 to t3. When the machine tool is in motion, its tangential movement along the given NC code path, the acceleration and velocity are also calculated according to the tangential direction of the trajectory. Therefore, for the "time synchronization method", we don't need to care about the displacement of the motion, but the distance. Imagine doing a speed-changing motion on this straight line. The speed V2 is maintained for a period of time before shifting to V3 (see Figure 12), and the other is to shift from speed V1 to V3 before reaching speed V2 (see Figure 13). The following is an example of acceleration and then deceleration for public derivation (as shown in Figure 12 and 13), which will be general for the derivation formula.

For any time t (t0≤t≤t3), we have

Similar methods can be used for exponential acceleration and deceleration and S-shaped acceleration and deceleration.

1.5 The specific operation process of the time synchronization method

After the detection accessories are quickly installed on the machine tool to form the machine tool ultrasonic testing system, the "machine tool processing NC code" is compiled by using the "conventional programming method" or "specific programming method", and the "machine tool processing NC code" is processed with special recognition processing software. ” to perform recognition processing, calculate the time when the tool tip moves to each detection point on the workpiece surface and the normal information of the workpiece surface at this point, extract and generate “NC code for detection” and “NC code for accessories”. The "NC code for detection" is transmitted to the CNC system of the machine tool, and the "NC code for accessories" generated by calculation is transmitted to the CNC system of the accessory. When the machine tool completes the detection initialization (establishing the workpiece coordinate system and returning to the detection reference point), since a synchronous sensor is installed at the machine tool detection reference point, when the machine tool is moving, the sensor detects a signal and triggers the accessory CNC system to enter the detection mode, according to " Attachment uses NC code", when the machine tool moves to each detection point on the surface of the workpiece, the control probe maintains the corresponding detection posture and controls the transmission and reception of ultrasound, so as to realize the ultrasonic scanning detection of the workpiece by the probe.

Specific operation process (Figure 14):

a. Computer programming "NC code for machine tool processing"

b. Identify and process the "NC code for machine tool processing", extract and generate "NC code for machine tool inspection", and calculate and generate "NC code for accessory".

c. Send the "NC code for machine tool detection" to the machine tool CNC system.

d. Send the "NC code for accessories" to the CNC system of the accessories.

e. The machine tool establishes the workpiece coordinate system and returns to the detection reference point.

f. Turn on the detection mode of the accessory CNC system.

g. The machine tool executes the "NC code for machine tool inspection" and starts to move.

h. The synchronous sensor of the accessory detects the signal, executes the "NC code for the accessory", and the accessory starts to adjust the attitude of the probe and detect it.

i. After the test is completed, the computer processes the test data and obtains the test result.

2. Additional scanning mechanism

For common non-five-axis machine tools for processing, it cannot guarantee the requirement of maintaining the detection posture when the probe moves to the surface of a more complex workpiece. A device needs to be designed to meet this requirement.

2.1 Different types of additional scanning mechanisms and their applications

"NC code for machine tool processing" can be compiled with "conventional programming method" and "specific programming method". Different programming methods have different requirements for additional scanning mechanisms.

The "NC code for machine tool detection" compiled by the "conventional programming method" only contains information for controlling the machine tool, and there is no information for controlling the additional motion of the detection attachment. In order to realize the additional movement, a mechanism is needed to assist the machine tool to keep the probe in an accurate posture when moving to a certain point on the workpiece surface, that is, the probe rotates around a certain point on the workpiece surface (such as the detection incident point, see Figure 6), and In the process, the distance relative to this point can be kept constant, which is called fixed-length scanning with degrees of freedom. The scanning mechanism that meets this requirement is called fixed-length scanning with degrees of freedom. In terms of circle. This requirement can be realized by parallelogram mechanism and space virtual point mechanism. The control of this mechanism only needs to calculate the rotation angle and corresponding time information of each detection point, and the generation of "NC code for accessories" is simple.

Principle of parallelogram mechanism (as shown in Figure 15):

The so-called parallelogram mechanism refers to the parallelogram OABC composed of solid sides AB, BC and imaginary sides CO, OA, the sliding rod (1.3) is on the extension line of OC, and the common base is on the extension line of OA. When the rod 1 (1.10) and the public base (1.15) rotate relative to each other, it can be known from the properties of parallelograms that when the sliding rod (1.3) rotates around the center O of the imaginary point, the sliding rod (1.3) and the rod 1 (1.10) can Parallel and the sliding rod (1.3) points to the center O at all times. The center O is each detection point on the surface of the workpiece during detection.

The principle of space virtual point mechanism (as shown in Figure 16): The so-called space virtual point mechanism refers to that in engineering design, due to the need to design the mechanism to rotate around the center O, but because there are other entities within a certain radius around the center O, due to the position The interference relationship can only be blurred by the center of the circle, so that the mechanism can rotate around the center O of the virtual point. As shown in Figure 16, when the rotating arm (B) rotates around the support arm (A), the lower part of the rotating arm (B) rotates around the virtual center O. The center O is each detection point on the surface of the workpiece during detection.

If the "NC code for machine tool inspection" compiled by the "specific programming method" contains not only the information for controlling the machine tool but also the information for controlling additional motion, the "NC code for machine tool inspection" can be extracted from it, and the "attachment" can be calculated and extracted. with NC code". Because the position of the probe and the parameters of attitude control have been calculated in the programming process, we only need to design a simple one-degree-of-freedom or two-degree-of-freedom mechanism. We call this type of mechanism a conventional scanning mechanism with degrees of freedom (schematic diagram shown in Figure 17).

2.1.1 Application of fixed-length scanning mechanism with degrees of freedom on different types of machine tools

For lathe processing, since the distance of the turning tool reference point in the radial direction of the workpiece (that is, the X direction) remains unchanged (as shown in Figure 4, the dotted line is the tool reference point track, so a1b1=a2b2=a3b3=...=a _n b _n ), the tool (probe) moves along the finishing track of the workpiece surface during detection, and the axis of the probe needs to coincide with the normal line of the detected point on the workpiece surface at all times and the distance remains unchanged. Since a1b1=a2b2=a3b3=...a _n b _n , Therefore, it is only necessary to turn the probe around the point a _n by a certain angle θ so that it is perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece (such as a7b7). Since the feed rate and the machining trajectory are known during processing, it is possible to calculate the turning tool tip during detection. The time to move to each point on the surface of the workpiece, so we use an external timer (the timer in the automatic CNC system of the accessory) to time when the machine tool starts to detect. By calculating the time, we can know where the probe moves. The CNC system of the accessory controls the accessory mechanism. Make the probe perpendicular to the workpiece surface and keep the distance constant, so as to realize the lathe workpiece detection process. Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of lathe detection with a parallelogram mechanism, Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a lathe with a space virtual point mechanism for crossing a workpiece, and Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram for a lathe with a space virtual point mechanism without crossing a workpiece.

For three-axis and four-axis CNC milling machines, the control program is compiled by automatic programming, and the method phasor of each detection point on the workpiece surface is extracted through the secondary development of the automatic programming software, and the time to the corresponding point is calculated, and the control is realized through the time synchronization method. 3. The control of the workpiece detection process of the four-axis milling machine (as shown in Figure 21 and 22). The three-axis machine tool has its own XYZ translation axis, and the accessory realizes the BC axis, and the distance from the workpiece to the workpiece remains unchanged when the B-axis rotates; the four-axis machine tool has its own XYZ The translation axis and the C rotation axis, the accessories realize the B axis, and the distance from the workpiece to the workpiece remains unchanged when the B axis rotates.

2.1.2 Application of conventional scanning mechanism with degrees of freedom on different machine tools

If the "specific programming method" is used, for example, the CNC lathe adopts the 4-axis milling machine finishing programming method to compile its inspection control program, and the 3-axis and 4-axis CNC milling machine inspection programs use the 5-axis programming method. At this time, the "NC code for machine tool processing" control program contains both position control information (3 translation axes) and attitude control information (1 or 2 rotation axes), which can meet the requirements of probe position and attitude control. Unify the additional scanning motion and the main scanning motion to program to obtain the "NC code for machine tool processing", and then extract the "NC code for machine tool inspection" from this code, and extract the required rotation angle of each inspection point, and calculate the arrival at each Check the time of the point, and finally generate "NC code for accessories". In this programming method, the additional kinematic mechanism is programmed as part of the unified control of the machine tool. As long as the mechanism can realize the required 1-degree-of-freedom or 2-degree-of-freedom rotation, this mechanism is called a conventional scanning mechanism with degrees of freedom.

For lathe processing, through a special four-axis programming method, the generated NC code will be processed and processed to be used for accessory detection, as follows:

As shown in Figure 23, make the same contour curve as the turning workpiece on the XZ plane, program through a four-axis (XYZB) milling machine, use curve drive (the cutter axis is perpendicular to the curve) during programming, and generate NC codes to make the axis of the milling cutter always in line with the workpiece The normal phase coincides, and the distance from the center of rotation of the B-axis remains unchanged. If the NC code generated by this is used for the turning process in Figure 24, careful observation shows that the relative motion laws of the tool (probe on the attachment mechanism) and the workpiece in the two figures are the same, only It is necessary to exchange X and Z in the NC code, add the S spindle speed command, and remove the code related to the milling machine, then it can be applied to the inspection.

For three-axis and four-axis milling machines, five-axis programming can be used to extract the code of the translation part of the generated code (the four-axis machine tool also includes a rotation axis) and send it to the machine tool, and add time information to the remaining rotation part to generate "NC code for accessories" "Send it to the accessory CNC system, so that the three-axis and four-axis machine tools can be turned into five-axis inspection machine tools, and the inspection process can be realized through the time synchronization method.

As shown in Figure 25, non-five-axis machine tools are tested using conventional mechanisms. For three-axis machine tools (XYZ), the additional BC is realized by accessories, and for four-axis machine tools (XYZC), the additional B is realized by accessories.

2.1.3 Application of scanning mechanism without degrees of freedom on different machine tools

a. Automatic ultrasonic testing of machine tools

For a five-axis CNC machine tool, installing the accessories without additional motion function modules on the tool holder of the machine tool can fully realize the detection and scanning motion of the probe position and attitude control by borrowing the machine tool's own motion, and only need to transmit the NC code of the workpiece into the control unit of the machine tool to realize the control of the detection scanning motion (see Figure 26). The numerical control components are used to control the start and stop of the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving and coupling devices. Then, the received data is converted from analog to digital through the A/D data acquisition card, and finally transmitted to the computer for processing, and finally achieves the purpose of detecting workpieces with complex shapes.

b. Semi-automatic ultrasonic testing of machine tools

(1) Install the workpiece to be inspected on the machine tool, install the accessories without additional motion function modules on the tool holder of the machine tool, and realize the scanning movement of the probe to the workpiece by the automatic tool-feeding function. By observing the A-scan signal and gate alarm To determine the flaw detection result, the CNC component only controls the ultrasonic coupling module.

(2) Install the workpiece to be inspected on the machine tool, install the accessories without additional motion function modules on the tool holder of the machine tool, realize the scanning movement of the probe to the workpiece by the automatic tool-feeding function, and control the transmitting and receiving components and ultrasonic coupling by the numerical control components module.

This semi-automatic detection method is only suitable for the detection of workpieces with simple shapes. For example, ordinary lathes can detect cylindrical and disc workpieces, and ordinary milling machines can detect flat box parts.

c. Manual ultrasonic testing of machine tools

For manual ultrasonic inspection of machine tools, the workpiece to be inspected is installed on the machine tool, the accessories without additional motion function modules are installed on the tool holder of the machine tool, and the scanning motion and detection process of the probe to the workpiece are realized by manual control. By observing the A-scan signal and Gate alarm to determine the flaw detection results. This manual detection method is only suitable for the detection of workpieces with simple shapes. For example, ordinary lathes can detect cylindrical and disc workpieces, and ordinary milling machines can detect flat box parts.

2.2 Design of different types of additional scanning mechanisms

2.2.1 Design of fixed-length scanning mechanism with degrees of freedom

2.2.1.1 Parallel Four-bar Mechanism

The core of the parallel four-bar mechanism consists of 1 to 15 (as shown in Figure 28):

The water spraying part I1.1 is installed on the sliding rod 1.3 through the sliding block I1.2, so that the sliding block I1.2 can slide on the sliding rod 1.3, and when the sliding block I1.2 slides to a proper position, use screws to tighten it It is fixed on the sliding rod 1.3, the shaft three 1.4 is fixedly connected with the sliding rod 1.3, and the shaft three 1.4 is installed on the rod two 1.5 through the bearing, so that it can rotate relative to the rod two 1.5, and the gear six 1.6 is installed on the shaft three 1.4, Gear five 1.7 is installed on rod two 1.5 through a shaft, gear four 1.8 is fixedly connected with rod one 1.10, shaft two 1.9 is fixedly connected with rod two 1.5, and shaft two 1.9 is installed on rod one 1.10 through a bearing, so that it can be relatively Rod one 1.10 rotates, gear three 1.11 is fixedly connected with shaft two 1.9, gear two 1.12 is installed on rod one 1.10 through the shaft, gear one 1.13 is fixedly connected with common base 1.15, shaft one 1.14 is fixedly connected with rod one 1.10, and shaft one 1.14 is installed on the common base 1.15 through bearings, so that it can rotate relative to the common base 1.15. In the above installation, gear two 1.12 meshes with gear one 1.13 and gear three 1.11 at the same time, gear five 1.7 meshes with gear four 1.8 and gear six 1.6 at the same time, and rod one 1.10 is parallel to sliding rod 1.3 during installation, so that when the power is driven by shaft one 1.14 is input so that when shaft one 1.14 rotates relative to the common base 1.15, the angle θ between rod one 1.10 and rod two 1.5 changes, but rod one 1.10 and sliding rod 1.3 remain parallel at all times.

If the four-bar mechanism is used for the lathe (as shown in Figure 27), it is only necessary to install (1-15) on the lathe through the base 1.16.

If the four-bar mechanism is used for a milling machine (as shown in Figure 28), if one more degree of freedom is required, the milling machine installation handle 1.18 needs to be installed on the base 1.16 through a bearing, and the other end of the milling machine installation handle 1.18 is installed on the milling machine handle ( Not shown in the figure), the whole mechanism is installed in the milling machine tool mounting seat through the milling machine tool handle. The motor 1.17 is also installed on the base 1.16. When the motor rotates, the whole mechanism can rotate around the milling machine mounting handle 1.18; if there is no need to increase the degree of freedom, directly connect the milling machine handle 1.18 to the base 1.16, and install the other end on the milling machine Right on the handle.

2.2.1.2 Space virtual point mechanism

Space virtual point mechanism can be further divided into virtual point edge detection mechanism and virtual point across workpiece detection mechanism.

The core of virtual point edge detection mechanism is composed of 1~22:

The water spray part II 2.1 is installed on the sliding seat II 2.20 through the connecting block II 2.2, the sliding seat II 2.20 is positioned and installed on the supporting arm 2.3, and the sliding seat II 2.20 can slide on the supporting arm 2.3, and then Adjust the coupling distance. After the sliding seat is adjusted to an appropriate position, use the screw II 2.21 to fasten the sliding seat on the supporting arm 1 2.3. Support arm one 2.3 is installed on the rotating shaft II 2.4 through key positioning, and is locked by screws, and rotating shaft II 2.4 is installed on the supporting arm two 2.11 through bearing one 2.6, and then locked with screws, so that bearing one 2.6 can be relatively The support arm 2.11 rotates, the rotating shaft Ⅱ 2.4 is connected with the pulley 1 2.7 through the key, and the pulley 2.8 is connected with the motor 1 2.10 through the key, and the motor 2.10 is positioned and installed on the mounting base 2.9 through the screw, and the mounting base 2.9 is through the screw Position and install on the support arm 2.11, connect the pulley 1 2.7 and the pulley 2.8 with a toothed belt, and then make the motor 1 2.10 drive the water spray part 2.1 to rotate, and the bearing 2.6 is pressed through the bearing end cover 2.5 Tightly fit in the positioning hole of the support arm 2.11, the support arm 2.11 is installed on the support arm 2.15 through the screw, the reinforcing rib II 2.12 is installed on the support arm 2.11 and the support arm 2.15 through the screw, and the motor 2.14 is connected by the key Connect the pulley 3 2.13 and position it on the support arm 2.15. The machine tool installation handle Ⅱ 2.16 is positioned and installed on the support arm 2.15 through the bearing 2.18, and fix it with the positioning seat 2.19 and bolts. The pulley 2.17 is connected by a key On the machine tool installation handle II 2.16, the pulley three 2.13 is connected with the pulley one 2.17 with a toothed belt, and then the motor two 2.14 drives the whole device to rotate around the machine tool installation handle II 2.16, and the center line of the machine tool installation handle II 2.16 It should intersect with the center line of the rotating shaft II 2.4, so as to ensure the design requirements of the fixed-length mechanism.

If this accessory is used for detection on a milling machine, the machine tool mounting handle II 2.16 is installed on the milling machine tool handle (not shown in the figure), and the whole mechanism is installed in the milling machine tool mounting seat through the milling machine tool handle.

If the accessory is used for detection on a lathe, it is necessary to replace the module. At this time, the second support arm 2.11 is installed on the support arm three 2.15 by screws, and the third support arm 2.15 is directly installed on the support base 2.23 by screws, and the support base 2.23 Positioned and installed on the tool post of the lathe (as shown in Figure 30), it is a first-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism for virtual point edges.

The core of virtual point cross-workpiece detection mechanism is composed of 1~18:

The water spraying part Ⅲ3.1 is installed on the connecting rod 3.3 of the rotating support arm through the connecting block Ⅲ3.2, the connecting rod 3.3 of the rotating supporting arm is installed on the rotating supporting arm 3.4, and the rotating supporting arm 3.4 is positioned on the chute of the sliding seat Ⅲ3.17 , and can slide in the chute composed of sliding seat III 3.17 and sliding seat end cover 2 3.18, and then adjust the coupling distance, use the set screw III 3.16 to fix the rotating support arm, and the sliding seat III 3.17 passes through The screw is connected with the hollow shaft 3.5, and the hollow shaft 3.5 is installed on the adjustable support arm 3.9 through the bearing III 3.6, so that the hollow shaft can rotate relative to the adjustable support arm, and the hollow shaft 3.5 is connected with the motor III 3.7 through a key, so that the The motor drives the water spray part Ⅲ3.1 to rotate, the bearing Ⅲ3.6 is pressed into the positioning hole of the adjustable support arm 3.9 through the bearing end cover Ⅲ3.8, and the adjustable support arm 3.9 is positioned in the chute of the slide seat Ⅲ3.12, And it can slide in the chute composed of the sliding seat III 3.12 and the sliding seat end cover 1 3.10, and then adjust the diameter of the detected workpiece, and use the set screw to fix the adjustable support arm 3.9, and the sliding seat III 3.12 passes through The screws are installed on the support base Ⅲ3.14, the support base Ⅲ3.14 is installed on the support base Ⅲ3.13 by screws, the reinforcement rib Ⅲ3.15 is installed on the support base Ⅲ3.14 by screws, and the support base Ⅲ3.13 is positioned Install it on the tool post of the lathe (as shown in Figure 31).

2.2.2 Design of conventional scanning mechanism with degrees of freedom

2.2.2.1 Conventional cross-workpiece one-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism

For the design of the conventional cross-workpiece one-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism, it is only necessary to reversely install the water spray part in the one-degree-of-freedom scanning mechanism for cross-workpiece detection by the space virtual point method (as shown in Figure 32).

2.2.2.2 Conventional one-degree-of-freedom edge detection scanning mechanism

The water spray part IV4.1 is installed on the sliding arm 4.4 through the slider IV4.2, and can slide on the sliding arm 4.4, and then adjust the coupling distance, lock it through the screw IV4.3, and the sliding arm 4.4 is positioned and installed on the rotating shaft IV4 .5, the rotating shaft Ⅳ4.5 is installed on the support arm Ⅳ-4.8 through the bearing positioning, and is pressed with the bearing cover Ⅳ4.11, so that the bearing Ⅳ4.5 can rotate relative to the support arm Ⅳ-4.8, and the motor Ⅳ4.6 is positioned Installed on the motor base 4.7 and connected with the rotating shaft IV 4.5, so that the motor IV 4.6 drives the water spray part IV 4.1 to rotate, the motor base 4.7 is positioned on the support arm IV-4.8 by screws, and the support arm IV-4.8 Connect with the support arm Ⅳ 4.9 through screws, and the support arm Ⅳ 4.9 is installed on the support base Ⅳ 4.10 through screws, and the support base Ⅳ 4.10 is positioned and installed on the tool rest platform of the lathe (as shown in Figure 33).

If the accessory is used for testing on a lathe, it can be installed as above. If the accessory is used for detection on a milling machine, it is necessary to replace the module and add a rotation module with a degree of freedom.

3. Ultrasonic coupling module design

Ultrasonic coupling components to solve coupling problems during ultrasonic testing.

3.1 Selection of water immersion method

The water immersion method can be divided into static water coupling and dynamic water coupling (hydrostatic coupling refers to the coupling method in which the coupling liquid is stationary, while dynamic water coupling refers to the coupling method in which the coupling liquid flows). Since the hydrostatic coupling method needs to immerse the entire workpiece in water, it needs a water tank that can accommodate the workpiece to be tested. In the machine tool ultrasonic testing system, the ultrasonic testing and processing functions must be completed at the same time after one installation. If the hydrostatic coupling method is used, it is required to immerse the workpiece in water during testing, but not submerged in water during processing. It is difficult to realize the structure. Two The functions are difficult to be compatible, so the hydrostatic coupling method is not suitable. The dynamic-water coupling method only needs a water circulation system, and the system is small in size, which can be easily adapted to different ultrasonic testing systems of machine tools. Therefore, the dynamic water coupling method is adopted in the machine tool ultrasonic testing system.

3.2 Selection of coupling liquid

In the ultrasonic testing system of machine tools, cutting fluid is generally required to realize the four functions of cooling, lubrication, cleaning and rust prevention when machining workpieces, so whether the cutting fluid can realize the function of ultrasonic coupling, the answer is yes. There are three types of common cutting fluids:

(1) Aqueous solution—mainly water, adding antirust agent or surfactant and oily additives.

(2) Emulsion fluid—a milky white cutting fluid diluted with emulsified oil prepared from mineral oil, emulsifiers and other additives and 95%-98% water.

(3) Cutting oil—the main component is mineral oil, and a few use vegetable oil or compound oil.

The main components of these three types of cutting fluids are water and mineral oil, and the commonly used coupling agents are also water and mineral oil, so cutting fluids can be used as ultrasonic coupling fluids. However, the acoustic impedance of water-based cutting fluid and oil-based cutting fluid will have a certain change compared with water and pure mineral oil, which can be determined by simple tests.

3.3 Design of sprinkler parts

By adopting the method of dynamic water coupling, the coupling liquid is transported in from the coupling liquid interface 14, so that the coupling liquid is filled with the cavity body 19 of the water spraying part, and the flow state of the coupling liquid is processed through the flow screen, and finally flows from the nozzle 17 (spray ) to achieve the purpose of coupling with the workpiece. Fig. 34 is the device structure of the water spraying part.

3.4 Ultrasonic coupling circuit design

The dynamic water and liquid immersion method is used to realize the detection in the CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of the machine tool. Since the machine tool itself has a cutting fluid circulation system (as shown in Figure 35), the cutting fluid is directly pumped by the machine tool pump and sprayed on the cutting part of the workpiece through the hose nozzle. It is recovered by the machine tool cutting fluid recovery device, and after being roughly filtered by the filter, it flows back into the cutting fluid tank. Among them, there is a vertical baffle in the cutting fluid tank, and the powder impurities in the cutting fluid are gradually deposited when passing through the baffle, and finally the cleaner cutting fluid is pumped again by the pump, and so on. The coupling fluid circulation system in the present invention is modified on the basis of the cutting fluid circulation system of the machine tool. The specific design is as follows:

In front of the nozzle, the pipeline is divided into two paths, branch one is used for coupling during detection, and a coupling purification device consisting of a throttle valve 1, a filter, a pressure reducing valve, and a flow meter is installed sequentially on it, and then connected to a water spray coupling device . In this way, when the cutting fluid flows through the branch, the impurities are filtered out through the filter, and then the flow of the branch is stabilized through the pressure reducing valve, and finally the flow meter indicates the flow rate. Branch 2 is used for workpiece processing and cooling, on which throttle valve 2 and nozzle are installed in sequence.

During processing, the throttle valve 1 is closed, and the throttle valve 2 is fully opened, so that the cutting fluid circulates according to the circuit before modification. During detection, throttle valve 1 and throttle valve 2 are opened at the same time, so that part of the cutting fluid passes through branch 2 and the other part passes through branch 1, and the opening of throttle valve 1 and 2 is adjusted. The flow rate of the detected branch reaches the flow rate requirement during detection. Different machine tools have different chip pump flow rates, but no matter how much the machine tool pump flow rate is, by adjusting the throttle valve 2, the flow rate through the detection branch can be guaranteed to be within the required range, so this design can meet the requirements of different machine tools . In addition, branch one can be fixed for different machine tools, and only the throttle valve 2 of branch two needs to be replaced.

This design can be modified for different machine tools, and new machine tools can also be designed to add detection coupling function.

4. Universal design of accessories

The fourth technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the general problem of accessory design, so as to satisfy the use of different types and models of machine tools. By adopting the idea of product family design, a modular and parametric design of CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessories for machine tools is proposed.

The modular design of the CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessories of machine tools is to design the units with the same function on the accessories into several interchangeable modules with different performances, and select and combine them into different functions or functions according to the needs of users. Products that are the same but with different performance and specifications. Figure 36 is an exploded view of the accessory function:

In order to satisfy the use of this accessory on different types and models of machine tools, it can be designed according to the horizontal series and vertical series of modules. Under the condition of not changing the detection parameters and the same basic parts, different modules can be combined to form various deformed products. A total of 6 typical module groups have been designed, including 30 modules, as shown in Figure 37. The positioning and installation interface (J) of the detection accessory varies with the type of machine tool. Here, only five interface modules for commonly used machine tools are designed. , if the accessory is used in other machine tools, a matching detection accessory positioning installation interface can also be designed. Only four models are designed for the probe installation module (T). If other types of probes are required, corresponding modules can also be designed.

The part names and module codes of the horizontal series module groups are as follows:

The component names and module codes of the vertical series module group are as follows: Since the size of the probe cover is directly related to the diameter of the probe, the size of the probe cover will also change with the change of the probe diameter. Some modules are as follows:

,

Basic module: power module (D), coupling component positioning and installation interface (O), ultrasonic coupling module (H).

Through the analysis of the working principles of different types of machine tools, the modular design of the CNC ultrasonic automatic detection accessories of machine tools is carried out, and finally the module combination suitable for different types of machine tools is designed, as shown in Table 1:

Table 1

In the table: "○" indicates that the accessories suitable for the machine tool are optional modules in the same module group, and "◎" indicates the required modules for the accessories suitable for the machine tool.

Claims (9)

1. the ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of numerical control of machine tools, it is characterised in that its utilize lathe as detection platform, including ultrasonic Launch and receive parts, ultrasonic wave added exploring block, ultrasonic coupling parts and numerical control parts；

Described ultrasound emission receives parts and includes that ultrasonic probe and ultrasound emission receive device；

Described ultrasonic wave added exploring block includes the detection accessory that the cutter standard mounting interface with institute use lathe matches Location and installation interface module, ultrasonic coupling positioning parts mounting interface and additional scanning motion module；

Additional scanning motion module includes power plant module and without degree of freedom sweep mechanism and/or there is degree of freedom sweep mechanism；Nothing Degree of freedom sweep mechanism includes being installed on ultrasonic probe the connector on lathe handle of a knife, and having degree of freedom sweep mechanism is that fixed length is swept Retouch mechanism and/or have degree of freedom conventional sweep mechanism；Fixed length sweep mechanism can be visited to during surface of the work point by auxiliary machine bed motion Head in rotation process relative to this some distance keep constant, fixed length sweep mechanism include parallelogram sweep mechanism and/or Space imaginary point sweep mechanism；Parallelogram sweep mechanism and space imaginary point sweep mechanism include one-level degree of freedom and/or two grades Degree of freedom sweep mechanism；Parallelogram sweep mechanism includes the most hinged common base, bar one, bar two and sliding bar, The extension of the extension of common base, bar one, bar two and sliding bar forms parallelogram, the extension of common base and The intersection point of the extension of sliding bar overlaps with test point, and ultrasonic probe is installed on sliding bar, and common base is with lathe handle of a knife even Connect；

Space imaginary point sweep mechanism includes support arm and rotating turning arm, and turning arm is installed ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic probe Moving along the movement locus with test point fixed length distance, support arm is connected with lathe handle of a knife, and space imaginary point sweep mechanism is imaginary point Circle scan mechanism and/or imaginary point are across workpiece sweep mechanism；

There is degree of freedom conventional sweep mechanism for conventional across workpiece single-degree-of-freedom sweep mechanism and/or conventional single-degree-of-freedom circle scan Mechanism；

Described ultrasonic coupling parts, including for realize different size probe location and installation probe install module and for Realize the ultrasound couple device of ultrasonic coupling between workpiece and probe, use cutting fluid as coupling liquid, utilize lathe to carry Cutting fluid blood circulation realizes the circulation of coupling liquid, and ultrasound couple device includes two branch roads being connected with machine cut liquid pump, inspection Survey branch road and processing branch road, detection branch pipeline is sequentially installed with choke valve, filter, air relief valve and effusion meter and constitutes coupling Closing liquid purifier, coupling liquid purifier connects sprinkler part, processing bypass line installs choke valve and nozzle successively, spray Wet part includes nozzle and chamber body, arranges sprinkler part locating interface, sprinkler part locating interface is opened bottom the body of chamber There is chute that ultrasonic probe is installed；

Described numerical control parts is to control ultrasonic launch reception, ultrasonic coupling, additional scanning motion the master with Digit Control Machine Tool to sweep Retouch motion to work in coordination with mutually.

The ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of numerical control of machine tools the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described parallelogram One-level degree of freedom sweep mechanism includes that sprinkler part I (1.1), sprinkler part I (1.1) are installed on sliding bar by slider I (1.2) (1.3) above and being fastened by screw, axle three (1.4) is connected with sliding bar (1.3), and axle three (1.4) is rotatably pacified by bearing Being loaded on bar two (1.5), gear six (1.6) is installed on axle three (1.4), and gear five (7) is installed on bar two (1.5) by axle On, gear four (1.8) is connected with bar one (1.10), and axle two (9) is connected with bar two (1.5), and axle two (1.9) can be turned by bearing Moving and be installed on bar one (1.10), gear three (1.11) is connected with axle two (1.9), and gear two (1.12) is installed on bar one by axle (1.10) on, gear one (1.13) is connected with common base (1.15), and axle one (1.14) is connected with bar one (1.10), axle one (1.14) it is pivotally mounted on common base (1.15) by bearing；With gear one (1.13) and tooth while of gear two (1.12) Wheel three (1.11) engagement, gear five (1.7) engages with gear four (1.8) and gear six (1.6) simultaneously, bar one (1.10) and slip Bar (1.3) is parallel；Common base (1.15) is installed on pedestal (1.16), and pedestal is directly mounted at the knife rest platform of lathe.

The ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of numerical control of machine tools the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that parallelogram two grades is certainly By degree sweep mechanism, what replacement pedestal was directly connected with lathe handle of a knife is to be provided with lathe by bearing on pedestal (1.16) to connect Handle, lathe connection handle (1.18) other end is installed on the knife rest platform of lathe, and band moving base is around lathe connection handle in relative rotation Motor (1.17) is also installed on pedestal (1.16).

The ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of numerical control of machine tools the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described space imaginary point is swept Retouching mechanism is imaginary point edge one-level degree of freedom sweep mechanism, and it includes that sprinkler part II (2.1), sprinkler part II (2.1) pass through Contiguous block II (2.2) is installed on slide II (2.20), and slide II (2.20) location and installation is upper at support arm one (2.3) and passes through Screw fastens, and slide II (2.20) can slide support arm one (2.3) is upper, support arm one (2.3) by key location and installation in Rotating shaft II (2.4) is upper and passes through screw lock, and rotating shaft II (2.4) is pivotally mounted to support arm two by bearing one (2.6) (2.11) on, rotating shaft II (2.4) is connected with belt wheel one (2.7) by key, and belt wheel two (2.8) is by key and motor one (2.10) phase Even, motor one (2.10) by screw location and installation in mounting seat (2.9), mounting seat (2.9) by screw location and installation in On support arm two (2.11), belt wheel one (2.7) is connected with cog belt with belt wheel two (2.8), and bearing one (2.6) passes through bearing (ball) cover II (2.5) is pressed in hole, support arm two (2.11) location, and support arm two (2.11) is installed and support arm three by screw (2.15) on, support arm three (2.15) is installed in support base (2.23), supports base (2.23) location and installation in lathe On knife rest platform.

The ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of numerical control of machine tools the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that two grades of imaginary point edge freedom Degree sweep mechanism, replaces support arm three (2.15) to be installed in support base (2.24): support arm two (2.11) and support By screw, reinforcement (2.12), the upper location and installation motor two (2.14) of support arm three (2.15), electricity are installed on arm three (2.15) Machine two (2.14) is by bonded belt wheel three (2.13), and lathe connection handle II (2.16) passes through bearing (2.18) location and installation in propping up Brace three (2.15) is upper, its end, one end positioning seat (2.19) and bolt are fixed, and belt wheel four (2.17) passes through bonded at machine On bed connection handle II (2.16), belt wheel three (2.13) is connected with cog belt with belt wheel four (2.17), lathe connection handle II (2.16) The other end is installed on the knife rest platform of lathe, the centrage phase of the centrage of lathe connection handle II (2.16) and rotating shaft II (2.4) Hand over.

The ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of numerical control of machine tools the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described space imaginary point is swept Retouching mechanism is imaginary point across workpiece sweep mechanism, and including sprinkler part III (3.1), sprinkler part III (3.1) is by contiguous block III (3.2) being installed on pivotal support arm connecting rod (3.3), pivotal support arm connecting rod (3.3) is installed on outside pivotal support arm (3.4) End, pivotal support arm (3.4) is positioned in the chute of slide III (3.17), and can be at slide III (3.17) and slide end cap two (3.18) chute formed slides, utilizes holding screw III (3.16) that pivotal support arm is fixed, slide III (3.17) Being connected with hollow axle (3.5) by screw, hollow axle (3.5) is installed in adjustable support arm (3.9) by bearing III (3.6), Hollow axle (3.5) is connected with motor III (3.7) by key, and bearing III (3.6) is pressed on adjustable supporting by bearing (ball) cover III (3.8) In hole, brace III (3.9) location, adjustable support arm III (3.9) is positioned in the chute of slide III (3.12), and can be at slide III (3.12) and the chute that forms of slide end cap two (3.10) slides, utilize holding screw that adjustable support arm III (3.9) is carried out Fixing, slide III (3.12) is installed on support seat III (3.14) by screw, supports seat III (3.14) and is installed on by screw Support on base III (3.13), reinforcement III (3.15) is arranged on support seat III (3.14) by screw, base will be supported III (3.13) location and installation is on the knife rest platform of lathe.

The ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of numerical control of machine tools the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described routine is across workpiece one Degree of freedom sweep mechanism, pivotal support arm connecting rod (3.3) is installed on the outer end of pivotal support arm (3.4) and is replaced by pivotal support arm Connecting rod (3.3) is installed on the inner of pivotal support arm (3.4).

The ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of numerical control of machine tools the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described conventional single-degree-of-freedom Circle scan mechanism includes that sprinkler part IV (4.1), sprinkler part IV (4.1) are installed on cursor slide (4.4) by slide block IV (4.2) On, can be locked by screw IV (4.3) in the upper slip of cursor slide (4.4), cursor slide IV (4.4) location and installation is in rotating shaft IV (4.5) On, rotating shaft IV (4.5) by bearing location and installation, is compressed with bearing door IV (4.11), makes axle on support arm IV 1 (4.8) Hold IV (4.5) to rotate relative to support arm IV 1 (4.8), motor IV (4.6) location and installation on motor cabinet (4.7), and with Rotating shaft IV (4.5) is connected, motor cabinet (7) by screw location and installation on support arm IV 1 (4.8), support arm IV 1 (4.8) Being connected with support arm IV 2 (4.9) by screw, support arm IV 2 (4.9) is installed on support base IV (4.10) by screw On, support base IV (4.10) location and installation on the knife rest platform of lathe.

9. the time synchronized controlling party completed according to the ultrasonic automatic detection accessory of the numerical control of machine tools one of claim 1 to 8 Suo Shu Method, it is characterised in that in adnexa, gesture stability and the ultrasonic transmitting reception of probe are to be realized and machine by " time synchronized method " Working in coordination with of bed work, time synchronized method, first develop the NC code controlling lathe, then calculate probe movement according to code and arrive The time of each test point, when lathe starts to perform NC code motion, adnexa can be obtained by timing and pop one's head at a time Detection position, thus control probe and keep corresponding test pose and control the transmitting reception of ultrasound wave, to realize probe to work The ultrasonic scanning detection of part,

Specifically comprise the following steps that

A. utilize lathe universal numerical control programmed method to develop " machine tooling NC code ", then calculate according to machining code and generate " NC code is used in lathe detection " and " adnexa NC code "；

B. " lathe detection NC code " is passed to Digit Control Machine Tool；

C. " adnexa NC code " is passed to the numerical control parts of adnexa；

D. workpiece coordinate system set up by lathe, returns detection reference point；

E. adnexa starts whether to monitor lathe from detection reference point setting in motion；

F. lathe performs " NC code is used in lathe detection " setting in motion；

G. the synchronization sensor being installed on detection reference point detects that signal, adnexa start adjust probe attitude and detect；

H. detect complete, computer disposal detection data, draw testing result.