CN104285864A - A high-density shrimp circulating water step culture system and transfer method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a circulating water stepped type high-density shrimp culture system, wherein a drop is formed between two adjacent culture ponds, a water outlet connected with an inner sleeve type drain pipe is formed in the bottom end of each culture pond, the inner sleeve type drain pipe is detachably and vertically arranged inside each culture pond, the height of the inner sleeve type drain pipe is smaller than the depth of each culture pond, a water outlet at the outer end of the bottom of each culture pond is connected with a transfer pipe and a circulating water pipe, the circulating water pipe of each culture pond is communicated with a circulating water treatment pond, a water pump is arranged in each circulating water pipe, and during culture, the volume of a water body of a next-stage culture pond is doubled compared with that. Also provides a transfer method of the high-density shrimp circulating water stepped culture system. The invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the phenomenon of overstocked death caused in the transfer process of the shrimps can be avoided; the designed drain pipe can recycle the water in the culture pond.

Description

A high-density shrimp circulating water step culture system and transfer method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of shrimp cultivation, and in particular relates to a high-density shrimp circulating water stepped cultivation system and a transfer method.

Background technique

Industrialized shrimp farming is to use modern industrial means to control the ecological environment in the pond, create an optimal living and growth condition for shrimp, and promote the smooth growth of shrimp in the case of high-density intensive stocking, and improve the yield and quality per unit area. , and strive for higher economic benefits. The industrialized farming in the prior art is to use the culture pond technology to carry out culture, along with the continuous growth of shrimp, transfer from the small culture pond to the big culture pond, the transfer between the culture pond is through the transfer pipe at the bottom of the pond, but often because of the two culture The pressure difference between the bottom of the pond is relatively large, and the pipes are relatively thin, which will cause the accumulation and blockage of shrimp during the transfer process and lead to death.

Contents of the invention

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-density shrimp circulating water stepped culture system and transfer method, which can avoid the phenomenon of backlog and death of shrimp during the transfer process.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a high-density shrimp circulating water stepped culture system, including no less than 6 culture ponds, there is a drop between two adjacent culture ponds, and the top of each culture pond Both are equipped with water inlet pipes and control valves. The bottom of the culture pond is provided with a water outlet connected to the inner sleeve type drain pipe. The inner sleeve type drain pipe is detachable and erected inside the culture tank. The porous pipe arranged on the outer layer and the closed standpipe arranged on the inner layer, the hole on the porous pipe is provided with a filter screen, the height of the inner sleeve type drainage pipe is less than the depth of the culture pond, and the outlet at the outer end of the bottom of the culture pond The water outlet is connected with a transfer pipe and a circulating water pipe, and is equipped with a control valve. The circulating water pipe of each breeding pond is connected to the circulating water treatment tank, and a water pump is installed in the circulating water pipe. The volume of aquaculture water in the first-level aquaculture pond is doubled.

Further, the water outlet at the outer end of the bottom of the culture pond is connected with an outlet pipe, and forms a three-way pipe with the circulating water pipe and the transfer pipe.

Further, the circulating water pipe includes a horizontal pipeline and a vertical pipeline, and a vertically downward sewage pipe is provided at the intersection of the horizontal pipeline and the vertical pipeline, and vertically communicates with the vertical pipeline. , forming a three-way pipeline, a control valve is provided on the sewage pipe near the intersection, and a control valve is provided on the vertical pipeline.

Further, the control valve of the blowdown pipe is located 5-10 cm below the intersection. The blocky dirt in the circulating water pipe is deposited at the position between the intersection and the control valve along with the water flow.

Further, a limit hole is opened near the top of the standpipe, and the position of the limit hole is the water depth of normal farming. Preferably, a limit hole with a diameter of 10mm is opened at the height of the standpipe at 1500mm.

A transfer method of a high-density shrimp circulating water stepped culture system. When the shrimp in the upper-level culture pond has been cultured for a certain number of days, when transferring to the lower-level culture pond, the following steps are adopted:

(1) Pull out the standpipe in the upper-level culture pond, open the control valve of the transfer pipe, and start to drain the water into the next-level culture pond, until there is a certain depth of water in the upper-level culture pond to make the shrimp move enough, then close the transfer Pipe control valve, at this time, the shrimp is blocked by the porous pipe in the upper-level culture pond;

(2) Open the water inlet control valve of the next-level cultivation pond, fill water in the next-level cultivation pond, until the water level is the same as the upper-level cultivation pond, close the water inlet control valve of the next-level cultivation pond;

(3) Pull out the porous pipe of the upper-level culture pond, pull out the standpipe of the next-level culture pond, open the circulation water pipe control valve of the next-level culture pond, and open the water pump in the circulation water pipe to pump the water to The circulating water treatment pool controls the flow rate of water between the two breeding pools by adjusting the circulating water pipe control valve and the water pump speed;

(4) Until all the water and shrimp in the upper-level culture pond are transferred to the next-level culture pond, insert the standpipe of the next-level culture pond to keep the water depth at the depth of normal culture, and close the circulating water pipe control valve and water pump .

Further, the control valve of the blowdown pipe is in a normally closed state, and the control valve of the blowdown pipe is opened periodically for a certain period of time to discharge the retained dirt. Preferably, the control valve of the blowdown pipe is opened for 2 seconds every day.

Further, there are 6 breeding ponds, which are respectively the first-grade breeding pond, the second-grade cultivation pond, the third-grade cultivation pond, the fourth-grade cultivation pond, the fifth-grade cultivation pond and the sixth-grade cultivation pond, and the cultivation density of the first-grade cultivation pond 8000-10000/cubic meter, the breeding density of the secondary breeding pond is 4000-5000/cubic meter, the breeding density of the tertiary breeding pond is 2000-2500/cubic meter, and the breeding density of the fourth-level breeding pond is 1000 -1250 fish/cubic meter, the breeding density of the fifth-level culture pond is 500-600 fish/cubic meter, and the culture density of the sixth-level culture pond is 250-300 fish/cubic meter.

Further, the depths of the first-level culture ponds are all smaller than other culture ponds. Preferably, the water depth of the culture ponds during normal cultivation is 1500mm, the depth of the first-level culture ponds is 1600mm, and the depths of the second-level culture ponds to the sixth-level culture ponds are all 1800mm.

The advantages and positive effects that the present invention has are:

1. It can avoid the phenomenon of backlog and death caused by the transfer of shrimp;

2. The designed drainage pipe can recycle the water in the breeding pond.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of described high-density shrimp circulating water stepped culture system;

Fig. 2 is the enlarged schematic view of part a in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a top view of the inner sleeve type drain pipe;

In the figure: 1-first-level culture pond; 2-second-level culture pond; 3-three-level culture pond; 4-four-level culture pond; 5-fifth-level culture pond; 6-six-level culture pond; 7-vertical pipe Road; 8-outlet pipe; 9-drainage pipe; 10-transfer pipe; 11-control valve; 12-standpipe; 13-porous pipe; 14-limit hole; 15-horizontal pipeline.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a high-density shrimp circulating water ladder culture system includes a first-level culture pond 1, a second-level culture pond 2, a third-level culture pond 3, a fourth-level culture pond 4, and a fifth-level culture pond 5 and six grades of breeding ponds 6, the first grade of cultivation pond 1 is the upper grade of cultivation pond relative to the second grade of cultivation pond 2, the second grade of cultivation pond 2 is the upper grade of cultivation pond relative to the third grade of cultivation pond 3, and so on, Similarly, the secondary culture pond 2 is the next-level culture pond relative to the primary culture pond 1, the tertiary culture pond 3 is the next-level culture pond relative to the secondary culture pond 2, and so on. The breeding ponds are all vertical and uniform cylinders. During the breeding period, the water body in the next level of culture pond is twice as large as the volume of the culture water body in the upper level of culture pond.

The cross-sectional diameter of the first-level culture pool 1 is 1303mm, the cross-sectional diameter of the second-level culture pool 2 is 1843mm, the cross-section diameter of the third-level culture pool 3 is 2607mm, the cross-section diameter of the fourth-level culture pool 4 is 3686mm, and the cross-section diameter of the fifth-level culture pool 5 The cross-sectional diameter is 5213mm, and the cross-sectional diameter of the six-stage culture pond 6 is 7372mm.

There is a drop between two adjacent culture ponds, the top of the next-level culture pond is lower than the top of the upper-level culture pond, and the level of the outlet of the next-level culture pond is 750mm lower than that of the upper-level culture pond. The depth of water during normal cultivation is 1500mm. For the convenience of transferring shrimp seedlings and preventing the cultured shrimp from jumping out in the pond, the depth of the first-level cultivation pond 1 is designed to be 1600mm, and the depth of the second-level cultivation pond 2 to the sixth-grade cultivation pond 6 is 1800mm. And have a limit hole 14 near the top of standpipe 12, limit hole 14 is located at standpipe 12 height and is 1500mm place, and limit hole 14 diameters are 10mm, maintain the depth of water in the culture pond.

Each culture pond is all provided with water inlet pipe, water outlet pipe 8, circulating water pipe, sewage pipe 9 and inner sleeve type drain pipe, is provided with transfer pipe 10 between two adjacent culture ponds, and is all provided with control valve 11. The water inlet pipe is arranged at the top. The inner sleeve type drainage pipe is detachably located at the bottom water outlet inside the culture pond. The inner sleeve type drainage pipe includes a porous pipe 13 located on the outer layer and a closed standpipe 12 located on the inner layer. A filter screen is arranged at the hole, and the height of the inner sleeve type drain pipe is less than the depth of the culture pond. The optional diameter range of the standpipe 12 is 20mm-200mm, and the optional diameter range of the porous pipe 13 is 40-500mm, and the diameter of the standpipe 12 is guaranteed to be smaller than the diameter of the porous pipe 13. In this embodiment, the diameter of the standpipe 12 may be 200mm, and the diameter of the porous pipe 13 may be 400mm.

The water outlet at the bottom outer end of the culture pond is connected with an outlet pipe 8, and forms a three-way pipeline with the circulating water pipe and the transfer pipe 10. The transfer tube 10 is arranged horizontally. The circulating water pipe includes a horizontal pipeline 15 and a vertical pipeline 7 , and the horizontal pipeline 15 runs through the transfer pipe 10 in a horizontal direction. The bottom of each culture pond has an inclination angle of 5°, and it is inclined towards the water outlet, which is beneficial to the transfer of shrimp seedlings to the next-level culture pond.

At the intersection of the horizontal pipeline 15 and the vertical pipeline 7, a vertically downward sewage pipe 9 is arranged, and vertically communicates with the vertical pipeline 7 to form a three-way pipeline. A control valve 11 is provided at the intersection. The control valve 11 of the sewage pipe 9 is located at 5 cm below the intersection. The control valve 11 of the circulating water pipe is located on the vertical pipeline 7 . Sewage pipe 9 can deposit blocky dirt in the circulating water flow process inside.

The circulating water pipes of each breeding pond are connected to the circulating water treatment tank, and the circulating water treatment tank performs biological filtration on the sewage, such as biofloc or biochemical filtration, and the treated water can be recycled. A water pump is arranged in the circulating water pipe to pump water into the circulating water treatment pool.

A kind of transfer method of high-density shrimp circulating water stepped culture system, the culture time of each level is 15 days, the culture water is the circulating water processed by the circulating water treatment tank, the pH is known as 8-8.5, and the water temperature is 26- 28°C. Shrimp cultivation in the upper-level culture pond has been cultivated for 15 days, and when transferring to the next-level culture pond, the following steps are adopted:

(1) Pull out the standpipe 12 in the upper-level culture pond, open the transfer pipe 10 control valve 11, and start to discharge the water into the next-level culture pond until the water depth in the upper-level culture pond is 900mm, so as to ensure that the remaining water of a certain depth Make the shrimp move enough, close the control valve 11 of the transfer pipe 10, and now the shrimp is blocked by the porous pipe 13 in the upper-level culture pond;

(2) open the water inlet control valve 11 of the next-level cultivation pond, for filling water in the next-level cultivation pond, until the depth of water is 1650mm, at this moment, the same as the water level of the upper-level cultivation pond, close the inlet of the next-level cultivation pond Water pipe control valve 11;

(3) The perforated pipe 13 of the culture pond of the upper level is extracted, and the standpipe 12 of the culture pond of the next level is extracted, and the circulating water pipe control valve 11 of the culture pond of the next level is opened, and the water pump in the circulating water pipe is opened, and the The water is pumped to the circulating water treatment tank, and the flow rate of the water between the two breeding tanks is controlled by adjusting the circulating water pipe control valve 11 and the speed of the water pump;

(4) Until all the water and shrimp in the upper-level culture pond are transferred to the next-level culture pond, the standpipe 12 of the next-level culture pond is inserted, and the water depth of the next-level culture pond is maintained to 1500mm, and the circulating water pipe is closed Control valve 11 and water pump, start breeding.

The breeding density of the first-level breeding pond 1 is 8000-10000/cubic meter, the breeding density of the second-level breeding pond 2 is 4000-5000/cubic meter, and the breeding density of the third-level breeding pond 3 is 2000-2500/cubic meter , the culture density of the four-level culture pond 4 is 1000-1250/cubic meter, the culture density of the five-level culture pond 5 is 500-600/cubic meter, and the culture density of the six-level culture pond 6 is 250-300/cubic meter rice.

The blowdown pipe 9 control valve 11 is in a normally closed state, and the blowdown pipe 9 control valve 11 is opened for two seconds every day to discharge the stranded dirt.

The number of breeding ponds can be set according to actual needs. Changing different standpipes 12 can control the water level and change water continuously.

An embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, but the content described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and cannot be considered as limiting the implementation scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the application scope of the present invention shall still belong to the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A high-density shrimp circulating water stepped culture system, comprising no less than 6 culture ponds, there is a drop between adjacent two culture ponds, and the top of each culture pond is provided with a water inlet pipe and a control valve (11), It is characterized in that: the bottom of the breeding pond is provided with a water outlet connected to the inner sleeve type drainage pipe, and the inner sleeve type drainage pipe is detachably installed inside the culture pond, and the inner sleeve type drainage pipe includes Porous pipe (13) and the closed standpipe (12) that is located at inner layer, the hole place on the described porous pipe (13) is provided with strainer, and the height of inner sleeve type drainage pipe is less than the depth of culture pond, and culture pond The water outlet at the outer end of the bottom is connected with a transfer pipe (10) and a circulating water pipe, and is provided with a control valve (11). , the water body in the next level of culture pond is twice as large as the volume of the culture water body in the upper level of culture pond. 2. The high-density shrimp circulating water stepped culture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water outlet at the bottom outer end of the culture pond is connected with an outlet pipe (8), and is connected with the circulating water pipe and the transfer pipe (10 ) to form a three-way pipeline. 3. The high-density shrimp circulating water step culture system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the circulating water pipe comprises a horizontal pipeline (15) and a vertical pipeline (7), and the horizontal pipeline (15) and the vertical pipeline (7) intersection are provided with a vertically downward sewage pipe (9), and vertically connected with the vertical pipeline (7) to form a three-way pipeline, sewage discharge A control valve (11) is provided near the intersection on the pipe (9), and a control valve (11) is provided on the vertical pipeline (7). 4. The high-density shrimp circulating water cascade culture system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the control valve (11) of the sewage pipe (9) is set at 5-10 cm below the intersection. 5. The high-density shrimp circulating water stepped culture system according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: the standpipe (12) has a limit hole (14) near the top, and the limit hole The position of (14) is the water depth of normal cultivation, preferably, having a diameter at the standpipe (12) height is 1500mm place and has a limit hole (14) that is 10mm. 6. A transfer method of the high-density shrimp recirculating water ladder culture system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the shrimp in the upper level culture pond has been cultivated to a certain number of days, and when transferring to the lower level culture pond, use The following steps: (1) Pull out the standpipe (12) in the upper-level culture pond, open the transfer pipe (10) control valve (11), and start to discharge the water into the next-level culture pond until a certain depth remains in the upper-level culture pond. Until the water makes the shrimp move enough, the transfer pipe (10) control valve (11) is closed, and now the shrimp is blocked in the upper level culture pond by the porous pipe (13); (2) open the water inlet control valve (11) of the next level of culture pond, for filling water in the next level culture pond, until the water level is the same as the upper level culture pond, close the water inlet control valve (11) of the next level culture pond ); (3) Pull out the perforated pipe (13) of the upper-level culture pond, pull out the standpipe (12) of the next-level culture pond, open the circulating water pipe control valve (11) of the next-level culture pond, and open the circulation The water pump in the water pipe pumps water to the circulating water treatment tank, and controls the flow rate of water between the two breeding ponds by adjusting the circulating water pipe control valve (11) and the water pump speed; (4) until the water and shrimp in the upper-level culture pond are all transferred to the next-level culture pond, the standpipe (12) of the next-level culture pond is inserted to keep the depth of water at the depth of normal cultivation, and the circulating water pipe control is closed valve (11) and water pump. 7. The transfer method of the high-density shrimp circulating water stepped culture system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the control valve (11) of the sewage pipe (9) is in a normally closed state, and the sewage pipe (9) is opened regularly ) control valve (11) for a certain period of time to discharge the retained dirt, preferably, open the blowdown pipe (9) control valve (11) for 2 seconds every day. 8. The transfer method of the high-density shrimp circulating water stepped culture system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the culture ponds are provided with 6, which are respectively the first-level culture pond (1), the second-level culture pond Breeding ponds (2), tertiary breeding ponds (3), fourth-grade aquaculture ponds (4), fifth-grade aquaculture ponds (5) and sixth-grade aquaculture ponds (6), the aquaculture density of the first-grade aquaculture ponds (1) is 8000 -10000/cubic meter, the culture density of secondary culture pond (2) is 4000-5000/cubic meter, the culture density of tertiary culture pond (3) is 2000-2500/cubic meter, four grade culture pond ( 4) the breeding density is 1000-1250/cubic meter, the breeding density of the five-level breeding pond (5) is 500-600/cubic meter, and the breeding density of the sixth-level breeding pond (6) is 250-300/cubic meter rice. 9. The transfer method of the high-density shrimp circulating water stepped culture system according to claim 8, characterized in that: the depth of the first-level culture pond (1) is smaller than other culture ponds, preferably, during normal culture The depth of water in the breeding pond is 1500mm, the depth of the first-grade cultivation pond (1) is 1600mm, and the depth of the second-grade cultivation pond (2) to the sixth grade of cultivation pond (6) is 1800mm.