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CN104266970B - Three wavelength diffuse-reflectance optics chlorophyll detection devices - Google Patents

Three wavelength diffuse-reflectance optics chlorophyll detection devices Download PDF

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CN104266970B
CN104266970B CN201410485442.XA CN201410485442A CN104266970B CN 104266970 B CN104266970 B CN 104266970B CN 201410485442 A CN201410485442 A CN 201410485442A CN 104266970 B CN104266970 B CN 104266970B
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holes
diffuse reflection
hole
detection device
light
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CN104266970A (en
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王万章
古冬冬
王建波
陈阳
吴建中
段铁城
王宝山
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Henan Agricultural University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种三波长漫反射光学叶绿素检测装置,包括插装于嵌套内的检测单元和密封盖;检测单元包括自上而下开设有三级阶梯孔的圆柱体,圆柱体的上端为圆台体结构;位于圆台体下方的圆柱体外周面上对称于圆柱体轴线向上倾斜52°开设有六个斜孔,每个斜孔均与第一级阶梯孔相通;六个斜孔中相对的两个斜孔为一组;每组中的一个斜孔内自上而下依次设置有凸透镜、LED光源,另一个斜孔内设置有吸光材料;位于第二级阶梯孔内设置有聚光透镜并通过环套定位;位于第三级阶梯孔内设置有光探测器。本发明优点在于相对现有的漫反射检测装置,从光路设计上消除了镜面反射的影响,光强的稳定性以及整体的避光性都得到了极大的提高。

The invention discloses a three-wavelength diffuse reflection optical chlorophyll detection device, which comprises a detection unit and a sealing cover inserted in a nest; It is a conical frustum structure; on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder located below the conical frustum, there are six oblique holes inclined upward by 52° symmetrically to the axis of the cylinder, and each oblique hole communicates with the first-order stepped hole; the six oblique holes are opposite to each other. The two slanted holes form a group; one of the slanted holes in each group is provided with a convex lens and an LED light source in sequence from top to bottom, and the other slanted hole is provided with a light-absorbing material; The lens is positioned through the ring sleeve; a light detector is arranged in the third step hole. The invention has the advantage that compared with the existing diffuse reflection detection device, the influence of specular reflection is eliminated from the design of the optical path, and the stability of the light intensity and the overall light protection are greatly improved.

Description

三波长漫反射光学叶绿素检测装置Three-wavelength diffuse reflection optical chlorophyll detection device

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及植物叶片叶绿素检测装置,尤其是涉及三波长漫反射光学叶绿素检测装置。 The invention relates to a plant leaf chlorophyll detection device, in particular to a three-wavelength diffuse reflection optical chlorophyll detection device.

背景技术 Background technique

叶绿素含量是植物叶面营养最直接、准确和实时的指示器,目前,叶绿素无损检测中多采用透射式的测量方法,这一方法受到叶片厚度和透光性的影响很大,存在较大检测误差。反射式叶片叶绿素检测方法应用较少,且存在检测装置结构简单,检测精度低的问题。 Chlorophyll content is the most direct, accurate and real-time indicator of plant leaf nutrition. At present, the non-destructive testing of chlorophyll mostly adopts the transmission measurement method. This method is greatly affected by the thickness and light transmission of the leaves. error. The reflective leaf chlorophyll detection method is rarely used, and has the problems of simple structure of the detection device and low detection accuracy.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明目的在于提供一种三波长漫反射光学叶绿素检测装置。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-wavelength diffuse reflection optical chlorophyll detection device.

为实现上述目的,本发明采取下述技术方案: To achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following technical solutions:

本发明所述的三波长漫反射光学叶绿素检测装置,包括嵌套,插装于所述嵌套内的检测单元,扣合在所述检测单元顶部的密封盖;所述检测单元包括自上而下开设有三级阶梯孔的圆柱体,所述圆柱体的上端为沿径向外延的圆台体结构,所述圆台体的下台面开设有防水环形槽;位于圆台体下方的圆柱体外周面上对称于圆柱体轴线向上倾斜51°-53°均布开设有六个斜孔,所述每个斜孔均与所述第一级阶梯孔相通;所述六个斜孔中相对的两个斜孔为一组;每组中的一个斜孔内自上而下依次设置有凸透镜、LED光源,另一个斜孔内设置有吸光材料;位于第二级阶梯孔内设置有聚光透镜并通过环套定位;位于第三级阶梯孔内设置有光探测器。 The three-wavelength diffuse reflection optical chlorophyll detection device of the present invention includes a nest, a detection unit inserted into the nest, and a sealing cover fastened on the top of the detection unit; the detection unit includes a top-down A cylinder with three-stage stepped holes is opened below, the upper end of the cylinder is a radially extended frustum structure, and the lower surface of the frustum is provided with a waterproof annular groove; the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder located below the frustum Symmetrical to the axis of the cylinder and inclined upwards by 51°-53°, six oblique holes are evenly distributed, and each of the oblique holes communicates with the first-order stepped hole; the two opposite oblique holes in the six oblique holes The holes are a group; one inclined hole in each group is provided with a convex lens and LED light source in sequence from top to bottom, and the other inclined hole is provided with a light-absorbing material; Sleeve positioning; a light detector is arranged in the third step hole.

所述三级阶梯孔的第一、二级阶梯孔为圆孔,第三级阶梯孔为方孔;第二级阶梯孔的直径大于第一级阶梯的孔直径;所述吸光材料为吸光棉。 The first and second step holes of the three step holes are round holes, and the third step hole is a square hole; the diameter of the second step hole is larger than the hole diameter of the first step; the light-absorbing material is light-absorbing cotton .

所述圆台体的上台面围绕所述第一级阶梯孔的孔口开设有环槽,所述环槽内设置有密封圈;所述密封盖的下表面开设有用于放置漫反射白板的凹腔,围绕所述凹腔开设有与所述密封圈匹配的圆环槽。 The upper surface of the circular frustum is provided with an annular groove around the opening of the first step hole, and a sealing ring is arranged in the annular groove; the lower surface of the sealing cover is provided with a concave cavity for placing a diffuse reflection whiteboard , an annular groove matching the sealing ring is opened around the concave cavity.

位于所述圆台体下方的圆柱体外周面沿纵向开设有定位导槽,所述嵌套内周面沿纵向设置有与所述定位导槽相匹配的定位凸条,所述嵌套的顶面开设有与所述圆台体下台面防水环形槽相对应的接水环槽。 The outer peripheral surface of the cylinder located below the frustum of the cone is longitudinally provided with a positioning guide groove, and the inner peripheral surface of the nest is longitudinally provided with a positioning protrusion matching the positioning guide groove, and the top surface of the nesting A water-receiving ring groove corresponding to the waterproof ring groove on the lower table of the circular frustum body is provided.

所述密封盖的上表面开设有纵截面为倒梯形的凹腔。 The upper surface of the sealing cover is provided with a concave cavity with an inverted trapezoidal longitudinal section.

所述嵌套通过空心连杆与用于安装漫反射控制器的盒体相连接,所述密封盖设置有盖柄,所述盖柄通过销轴和扭力弹簧与所述盒体相铰接。 The nest is connected to the box body for installing the diffuse reflection controller through a hollow connecting rod, and the sealing cover is provided with a cover handle, and the cover handle is hinged to the box body through a pin shaft and a torsion spring.

本发明优点在于相对现有的漫反射检测装置,从光路设计上消除了镜面反射的影响,光强的稳定性以及整体的避光性都得到了极大的提高。 The invention has the advantage that compared with the existing diffuse reflection detection device, the influence of specular reflection is eliminated from the design of the optical path, and the stability of the light intensity and the overall light protection are greatly improved.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是本发明的结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

图2是本发明所述嵌套的结构示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the nesting structure of the present invention.

图3是本发明所述密封盖的结构示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the sealing cap of the present invention.

图4是本发明所述检测单元的结构示意图。 Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the detection unit of the present invention.

图5是本发明所述圆柱体的俯视结构示意图。 Fig. 5 is a top structural schematic diagram of the cylinder of the present invention.

图6是本发明所述圆柱体的仰视结构示意图。 Fig. 6 is a schematic bottom view of the cylinder of the present invention.

具体实施方式 detailed description

如图1-6所示,本发明所述的三波长漫反射光学叶绿素检测装置,包括嵌套1,插装于所述嵌套1内的检测单元,扣合在检测单元顶部的密封盖2;嵌套1通过空心连杆3与用于安装漫反射控制器的盒体4相连接,空心连杆3的杆腔用于布置漫反射控制器与检测单元之间的电器连线。密封盖2设置有盖柄5,盖柄5通过销轴6和扭力弹簧7与盒体4相铰接。为了减轻重量和便于粘贴标识,密封盖2的上表面开设有纵截面为倒梯形的凹腔8。 As shown in Figures 1-6, the three-wavelength diffuse reflectance optical chlorophyll detection device according to the present invention includes a nest 1, a detection unit inserted in the nest 1, and a sealing cover 2 fastened on the top of the detection unit ; The nest 1 is connected to the box body 4 for installing the diffuse reflection controller through the hollow connecting rod 3, and the rod cavity of the hollow connecting rod 3 is used to arrange the electrical connection between the diffuse reflection controller and the detection unit. The sealing cover 2 is provided with a cover handle 5 , and the cover handle 5 is hinged to the box body 4 through a pin shaft 6 and a torsion spring 7 . In order to reduce the weight and facilitate labeling, the upper surface of the sealing cover 2 is provided with a cavity 8 with an inverted trapezoidal longitudinal section.

所述检测单元包括自上而下开设有三级阶梯孔的圆柱体9,所述三级阶梯孔的第一、二级阶梯孔10、11为圆孔,第三级阶梯孔12为方孔;第二级阶梯孔11的直径大于第一级阶梯孔10的直径;所述圆柱体9的上端为沿径向外延的圆台体13结构,所述圆台体13的下台面开设有防水环形槽14;位于圆台体13下方的圆柱体9外周面上对称于圆柱体轴线15向上倾斜52°均布开设有六个斜孔,所述每个斜孔均与所述第一级阶梯孔10相通;所述六个斜孔中相对的两个斜孔16、17为一组;每组中的一个斜孔16内自上而下依次设置有凸透镜18、LED光源19,另一个斜孔17内设置有吸光棉20,三组中斜孔16内的LED光源19分别发出波长为645n、663nm、940nm的单色光谱,凸透镜18改善了出射光的平行度,斜孔17内的吸光棉20用来吸收经过测试叶子的镜面反射光。位于第二级阶梯孔11内设置有聚光透镜21并通过环套定位;位于第三级阶梯孔12内设置有光探测器22,用来收集LED光源19经过叶片的漫反射光强信号,第二级阶梯孔11内设置的聚光透镜21用于将漫反射光汇聚在光探测器22上,提高了光电探测器22读数的稳定性。圆台体13的上台面围绕第一级阶梯孔10的孔口开设有环槽30,所述环槽30内安放有密封圈23。 The detection unit includes a cylinder 9 with three-stage stepped holes from top to bottom, the first and second-stage stepped holes 10, 11 of the three-stage stepped holes are round holes, and the third-stage stepped hole 12 is a square hole The diameter of the second step hole 11 is greater than the diameter of the first step hole 10; the upper end of the cylinder 9 is a circular frustum 13 structure extending radially, and the lower surface of the circular frustum 13 is provided with a waterproof annular groove 14. The outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 9 located below the frustum 13 is symmetrical to the axis 15 of the cylinder and is inclined upward by 52°. There are six oblique holes evenly distributed, and each of the oblique holes communicates with the first-order stepped hole 10. The two opposite oblique holes 16 and 17 in the six oblique holes form a group; a convex lens 18 and an LED light source 19 are sequentially arranged in one oblique hole 16 in each group, and a convex lens 18 and an LED light source 19 are sequentially arranged in the other oblique hole 17. Light-absorbing cotton 20 is arranged, and the LED light sources 19 in the oblique holes 16 of the three groups emit monochromatic spectra with wavelengths of 645nm, 663nm, and 940nm respectively, and the convex lens 18 improves the parallelism of the outgoing light. to absorb specular light from the tested leaves. A condenser lens 21 is arranged in the second-level stepped hole 11 and is positioned by a ring sleeve; a photodetector 22 is arranged in the third-level stepped hole 12 to collect the diffusely reflected light intensity signal of the LED light source 19 passing through the blade, The condenser lens 21 provided in the second step hole 11 is used to condense the diffusely reflected light on the photodetector 22 , which improves the stability of the reading of the photodetector 22 . An annular groove 30 is opened around the opening of the first stepped hole 10 on the upper surface of the circular frustum body 13 , and a sealing ring 23 is placed in the annular groove 30 .

密封盖2的下表面开设有用于放置漫反射白板的凹腔24,为了提高避光效果,围绕该凹腔24开设有与所述密封圈23相匹配的圆环槽25。位于所述圆台体13下方的圆柱体9外周面沿纵向开设有定位导槽26,嵌套1内周面沿纵向设置有与该定位导槽26相匹配的定位凸条27,嵌套1的顶面开设有与开设在圆台体13下台面防水环形槽14相对应的接水槽29。 The lower surface of the sealing cover 2 is provided with a concave cavity 24 for placing a diffuse reflection whiteboard. In order to improve the light-shielding effect, an annular groove 25 matching the sealing ring 23 is provided around the concave cavity 24 . The outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 9 located below the frustum 13 is longitudinally provided with a positioning guide groove 26, and the inner peripheral surface of the nesting 1 is longitudinally provided with a positioning protrusion 27 matching the positioning guide groove 26, and the nesting 1 The top surface is provided with a water receiving groove 29 corresponding to the waterproof annular groove 14 on the lower surface of the circular frustum body 13 .

本发明原理简述如下: Principle of the present invention is briefly described as follows:

本发明采用三波长漫反射式的测量方法,依据库贝尔卡-芒克(Kubelka-Munk)反射光谱的基本理论,收集植物叶片的漫反射光,克服了叶片厚度的限制,利用叶绿素a的吸收峰645nm波长和叶绿素b的吸收峰663nm波长作为工作波长,并且引入了940nm波长作为参考波长,去除叶片基质的影响。实现了植物叶片叶绿素的高精度无损检测,同时也进一步提高了三波长漫反射式测量方法的试纸检测精度,获得氮、磷、钾等营养元素的试纸检测值。 The present invention adopts a three-wavelength diffuse reflection measurement method, collects diffuse reflection light of plant leaves according to the basic theory of Kubelka-Munk reflection spectrum, overcomes the limitation of leaf thickness, and utilizes the absorption of chlorophyll a Peak 645nm wavelength and chlorophyll b absorption peak 663nm wavelength are used as working wavelength, and 940nm wavelength is introduced as reference wavelength to remove the influence of leaf matrix. It realizes the high-precision non-destructive detection of chlorophyll in plant leaves, and further improves the test paper detection accuracy of the three-wavelength diffuse reflectance measurement method, and obtains the test paper detection values of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients.

工作时,把本发明拿到农田中,把上盖2抬起夹住被测叶片的中间部位,尽量避开较大的叶脉,然后将上盖2放下,在扭力弹簧7作用下将叶片夹紧。这时即可操作盒体4内的漫反射控制器进行检测,使三组中斜孔16内的LED光源19按顺序依次发出波长为645n、663nm、940nm的单色光谱;平行光线照射到被测叶片后经密封盖2凹腔24内的漫反射白板反射,经过叶片的镜面反射光被斜孔17内的吸光棉20吸收,漫反射光线通过第一、二级阶梯孔10、11垂直向下,再经过聚光透镜21被光探测器22接收。光探测器22接收到的光强值通过漫反射控制器解析出来,即可得出叶绿素的相对值。 When working, take the present invention in the farmland, lift the upper cover 2 to clamp the middle part of the blade to be tested, avoid larger veins as much as possible, then put down the upper cover 2, and clamp the blade under the action of the torsion spring 7 tight. At this time, the diffuse reflection controller in the box body 4 can be operated to detect, so that the LED light sources 19 in the three groups of oblique holes 16 sequentially emit monochromatic spectra with wavelengths of 645n, 663nm, and 940nm; After the blade is measured, it is reflected by the diffuse reflection whiteboard in the concave cavity 24 of the sealing cover 2, and the specular reflection light passing through the blade is absorbed by the light-absorbing cotton 20 in the inclined hole 17, and the diffuse reflection light passes through the first and second step holes 10 and 11 vertically Next, it is received by the light detector 22 through the condenser lens 21. The light intensity value received by the light detector 22 is analyzed by the diffuse reflectance controller, and the relative value of chlorophyll can be obtained.

Claims (6)

1.一种三波长漫反射光学叶绿素检测装置,包括嵌套,插装于所述嵌套内的检测单元,扣合在所述检测单元顶部的密封盖;其特征在于:所述检测单元包括自上而下开设有三级阶梯孔的圆柱体,所述圆柱体的上端为沿径向外延的圆台体结构,所述圆台体的下台面开设有防水环形槽;位于圆台体下方的圆柱体外周面上对称于圆柱体轴线向上倾斜51°-53°均布开设有六个斜孔,所述每个斜孔均与第一级阶梯孔相通;所述六个斜孔中相对的两个斜孔为一组;每组中的一个斜孔内自上而下依次设置有凸透镜、LED光源,另一个斜孔内设置有吸光材料;位于第二级阶梯孔内设置有聚光透镜并通过环套定位;位于第三级阶梯孔内设置有光探测器。 1. A three-wavelength diffuse reflection optical chlorophyll detection device, comprising a nest, a detection unit inserted in the nest, and a sealing cover fastened on the top of the detection unit; it is characterized in that: the detection unit includes A cylinder with three-stage stepped holes is opened from top to bottom, the upper end of the cylinder is a radially extended frustum structure, and the lower surface of the frustum is provided with a waterproof annular groove; the outside of the cylinder is located below the frustum Six oblique holes are evenly distributed on the peripheral surface, which is symmetrical to the axis of the cylinder and inclined upwards by 51°-53°, and each of the oblique holes communicates with the first-order stepped hole; The oblique holes are a group; one oblique hole in each group is provided with a convex lens and LED light source in sequence from top to bottom, and the other oblique hole is provided with a light-absorbing material; The ring sleeve is positioned; a light detector is arranged in the third step hole. 2.根据权利要求1所述的三波长漫反射光学叶绿素检测装置,其特征在于:所述三级阶梯孔的第一、二级阶梯孔为圆孔,第三级阶梯孔为方孔;第二级阶梯孔的直径大于第一级阶梯孔的直径;所述吸光材料为吸光棉。 2. The three-wavelength diffuse reflection optical chlorophyll detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first and second stepped holes of the three-level stepped holes are round holes, and the third-level stepped holes are square holes; The diameter of the second-level stepped hole is larger than that of the first-level stepped hole; the light-absorbing material is light-absorbing cotton. 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的三波长漫反射光学叶绿素检测装置,其特征在于:所述圆台体的上台面围绕所述第一级阶梯孔的孔口开设有环槽,所述环槽内设置有密封圈;所述密封盖的下表面开设有用于放置漫反射白板的凹腔,围绕所述凹腔开设有与所述密封圈匹配的圆环槽。 3. The three-wavelength diffuse reflectance optical chlorophyll detection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the upper surface of the frustum of a cone is provided with a ring groove around the opening of the first-order stepped hole, and the ring groove A sealing ring is arranged in the groove; a concave cavity for placing a diffuse reflection whiteboard is opened on the lower surface of the sealing cover, and an annular groove matching the sealing ring is opened around the concave cavity. 4.根据权利要求1或2所述的三波长漫反射光学叶绿素检测装置,其特征在于:位于所述圆台体下方的圆柱体外周面沿纵向开设有定位导槽,所述嵌套内周面沿纵向设置有与所述定位导槽相匹配的定位凸条,嵌套的顶面开设有与所述圆台体下台面防水环形槽相对应的接水环槽。 4. The three-wavelength diffuse reflection optical chlorophyll detection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder located below the frustum of a cone is longitudinally provided with a positioning guide groove, and the nested inner peripheral surface A positioning convex line matching the positioning guide groove is arranged longitudinally, and a water-receiving annular groove corresponding to the waterproof annular groove of the lower surface of the circular frustum body is provided on the nested top surface. 5.根据权利要求1或2所述的三波长漫反射光学叶绿素检测装置,其特征在于:所述密封盖的上表面开设有纵截面为倒梯形的凹腔。 5. The three-wavelength diffuse reflectance optical chlorophyll detection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the upper surface of the sealing cover is provided with a concave cavity with an inverted trapezoidal longitudinal section. 6.根据权利要求1或2所述的三波长漫反射光学叶绿素检测装置,其特征在于:所述嵌套通过空心连杆与用于安装漫反射控制器的盒体相连接,所述密封盖设置有盖柄,所述盖柄通过销轴和扭力弹簧与所述盒体相铰接。 6. The three-wavelength diffuse reflection optical chlorophyll detection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the nest is connected to the box body for installing the diffuse reflection controller through a hollow connecting rod, and the sealing cover A cover handle is provided, and the cover handle is hinged to the box body through a pin shaft and a torsion spring.
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