CN104257406A - Adjustable power-driven negative pressure scab grinding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable electric negative pressure scab grinding machine, which comprises a box body with a displacement adjustment mechanism and a cutter, the cutter is fixed on a support frame, the displacement adjustment mechanism is connected with a slider, and a cavity is arranged in the box body. The cavity is connected with the negative pressure pipeline passing through the box body, and the water inlet pipeline is provided on the box body; the displacement adjustment mechanism is composed of a stepping motor, a coupling, a lock, a lead screw and a left and right slider. Symmetrically arranged, the circuit adopts a series circuit to realize synchronous control, and the movement and work of the tool are realized through the control of the stepping motor of the displacement adjustment mechanism; the tool installation adopts the design of the left and right mounting seats, which can realize the quick release function. The invention can conveniently and quickly remove the necrotic scabs on the wound surface of burn patients, realize cooling and instant washing of the scabs and residual blood on the wound, and simultaneously absorb the washed scabs and residual blood to ensure the cleanliness of the skin surface.

Description

An adjustable electric negative pressure grinding scab machine

technical field

The invention relates to an adjustable electric negative pressure grinding scab machine.

Background technique

The treatment of burn wounds has always been the focus and difficulty of research and treatment in the field of burn surgery. The tissue after burn is divided into necrotic tissue, interecological tissue and normal tissue from superficial to deep. The necrotic tissue has lost its blood supply, and begins to be invaded by bacteria within a few minutes, and the bacterial content is as high as 10 ⁶ /cm ³ 6 hours after injury. Interstitial tissue refers to the tissue layer with damaged cells, strong inflammatory response, and obvious edema. It can have two outcomes: if it is invaded by bacteria from necrotic tissue, wound sepsis and secondary tissue necrosis will occur; If the wound is properly treated and deep tissue infection does not occur, the blood supply and cell repair will be gradually restored. Therefore, early and accurate removal of necrotic tissue in burn wounds without damaging interecological and normal tissues, thereby alleviating, reducing or eliminating burn toxins and a series of pathophysiological changes caused by them, is the key issue in the successful treatment of skin burns.

The current treatment methods for burn wounds are mainly conservative treatment and surgical treatment. Firstly, according to the naked eye observation, the depth of the burn tissue was evaluated and divided into I°, superficial II°, deep II° and III° wounds. Among them, I° and superficial II° wounds were treated conservatively with dressing changes, deep II° wounds were treated with a dermatome and scab removed to the dermis, and III° wounds required full-thickness resection of deep fascia and superficial tissues. The current wound treatment method has been used for many years, but there are many disadvantages: (1) The skin thickness of each part of the body is different, and the burn depth caused by the same source of injury may be uneven. The error in the choice of treatment method. (2) If the I° and shallow II° wounds are not thoroughly debrided, it is easy to sacrifice the interstitial ecological tissue due to secondary infection of the wound; while the deep II° and III° wounds are directly exfoliated or cut to a specific level, which may cause Excessive resection of interstitial tissue and normal tissue sacrificed the local function of the patient's wound healing. Therefore, at present, it is believed that the most ideal way of wound treatment is to use precise, layer-by-layer debridement to remove necrotic tissue from the superficial to the deep without pre-evaluating the depth of the burn wound. This debridement method is universally applicable to burn wounds of various depths, and while completely removing necrotic tissue, it reduces the damage and waste of interstitial ecological tissues and normal tissues.

According to clinical experience and theoretical design, precise debridement of necrotic tissue by grinding can realize the above assumption. The Chinese patent "Patent 201020004302" discloses a burn wound dermabrasion device, which cleans the wound surface by using the dermabrasion head equipped with an eschar cover. , when dealing with a large area of burn wounds, it will significantly increase the operation time, increase the difficulty of the operation and the risk of anesthesia; the Chinese patent "Patent 201010002616.4" discloses a grinding scab machine, which uses a motor to drive the rotary knife to clean the wound surface. The patent is Electric drive can reduce the physical exertion of clinicians. The height of the grinding head can be adjusted to control the grinding depth. The necrotic tissue removed by grinding can be removed in time through the sewage suction machine to prevent splashes and residues from affecting the depth of the wound. However, this patent has many defects in clinical application: (1) High-speed rotating grinding can cause the temperature of the tissue surface to rise significantly, and capillary blood coagulation on the wound surface can occur, and blood flow disorders can aggravate, resulting in secondary heat damage and The wound surface deepens; (2) the grinder does not have an auxiliary moving device, so it will grind on one wound surface for a long time, causing the grinding to be too deep. In order to avoid this problem, clinicians need to repeatedly lift the grinder, observe the wound depth after grinding and manually move the position of the grinder, which is very inconvenient in clinical application. (3) The grinder has no tool change function. As the grinding progresses, the grinding hole on the tool surface will be blocked by the removed necrotic skin, affecting the grinding function, and one type of grinder only corresponds to one type of tool , is not conducive to recycling.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes an adjustable electric negative pressure grinding scab machine, which can realize: (1) electric drive, reducing the physical exertion of clinicians; Accurate debridement of burn wounds; (3) It can be connected with a negative pressure suction device to remove the necrotic tissue removed by debridement in time; (4) Set up a water inlet to provide physiological saline to the grinding contact surface while debridement, not only It can reduce the temperature of the wound surface to prevent secondary heat damage, and it can also clean the wound surface in time to help clinicians accurately judge the depth of debridement; (5) Rollers are designed on both sides of the device to realize the process of grinding while the grinder is moving, avoiding local damage The long-term continuous grinding of the wound surface can effectively prevent the grinding from being too deep; (6) The device is designed with a quick-dismantling tool structure, which can quickly change the tool and realize efficient and convenient recycling.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An adjustable electric negative pressure scab grinding machine, comprising a handle, and a box body fixedly connected with the handle, the upper part of the box body is provided with a tool feeding mechanism to control the feeding and positioning of the tool; There is a cavity, the cavity is connected with the negative pressure pipeline passing through the box body, and the water inlet pipeline is arranged on the box body; the motor is arranged in the box body, and the motor drives the worm on the rotating shaft through the turbine on the motor shaft , to realize the tool rotation grinding function; the inside of the box includes a slider and a tool that match the tool feeding mechanism, and the tool is fixed on a detachable mounting frame; the bottom of the box has an opening and a roller is installed at the bottom.

The tool feeding mechanism includes a stepping motor, a shaft coupling, a locking mechanism and a lead screw. The stepping motor is connected to the lead screw through the coupling, and the rotation of the screw drives the slider inside the box to move up and down to control the wound grinding. The locking mechanism is connected with the coupling to achieve positioning at any position; the slider is symmetrically installed on the slide rail of the box body, and is driven by the rotation of the screw rod to realize movement under relatively small friction.

The locking mechanism includes a locking spring, a locking lever, a connecting rod and a pin, the middle end of the locking lever is connected to the connecting rod, the front end of the locking lever is connected to one end of the locking spring, and the end of the locking lever is fixed on the locking lever In terms of mechanism, the other end of the locking spring is fixed on the top of the box, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the shaft pin, and the shaft pin is set in the positioning groove of the lead screw. Two return springs are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the shaft pin, so that the shaft The pin is fixed on the locking mechanism, and the locking lever drives the connecting rod to make the shaft pin break away from the positioning groove on the screw, and the screw can be rotated to adjust the feed of the slider. After the locking lever is released, the two-section Under the action of the return spring, the shaft pin is reinserted into the positioning groove of the lead screw to realize the limitation of rotation.

The inner wall of the box is provided with evenly distributed diversion round holes along the radial direction, the upper part of the diversion round hole is connected to the water inlet, and the lower part runs through the body wall of the box body; the other end of the negative pressure pipeline on the inner wall of the box is connected to an external generator. Negative pressure device, so that the skin produced by grinding and cutting is discharged through the negative pressure pipeline.

A motor is arranged inside the box, and the motor drives the worm mounted on the rotating shaft to move through the worm wheel connected with the motor shaft, so as to realize the rotary grinding of the tool.

The tool includes several support frames, positioning protrusions and blades, the support frame is uniformly distributed along the rotation axis, positioning protrusions are arranged at both ends of the support frame, and the blade is connected to the support frame through the positioning protrusions; the blade is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed cutting protrusions.

The tool quick release structure includes the left and right mounting seats of the tool and the tool holder. The left mounting seat of the tool is fixed on the left slider, which can rotate but cannot move horizontally; the right mounting seat of the tool is composed of a rotating shaft, a bearing, a spring and a cylindrical shell. The rotating shaft can not only realize rotation, but also horizontally compress the spring to realize horizontal movement. When the tool holder is installed, the right end of the tool holder first supports the right mounting seat of the tool and compresses it to the right. After the left end of the tool is aligned with the left end of the left mounting seat of the tool, the compression is released to realize the rapid installation of the tool.

A roller is respectively arranged at the front and rear of the bottom of the box, which acts as a fulcrum to support the scab remover, and makes the skin tense for easy cutting; at the same time, it can roll during the moving process to reduce resistance and realize the front and rear defense lines of the box. on the move.

The material of the handle and the box body is high temperature resistant plastic or metal, which can be sterilized by high temperature.

The working principle of the present invention is: to remove the necrotic tissue on the wound surface for burn patients, hold the handle with hand, make the cutting tool reciprocate on the wound surface, and remove the necrotic tissue on the wound surface through the contact between the tool and the skin; Adjustment, the cutting depth can be adjusted according to the degree of burns of the injured; the water inlet pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe for cooling and washing the shed scabs and residual blood; the negative pressure tube is connected with a negative pressure tube to cut the shed scabs and residual blood It is sucked away by negative pressure through the negative pressure pipeline, so as to ensure a clear surgical field of view and clean wounds, and at the same time it is very convenient to grasp the cutting depth; before and during the operation, the tool can be quickly changed according to the needs.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention can accurately and layer by layer remove the necrotic tissue of the burn wound, realize the treatment of various deep burn wounds, has a wide range of applications, and has high promotional value, especially for grass-roots hospitals;

2. The present invention can remove the necrotic tissue removed through the negative pressure suction device while grinding the necrotic tissue on the wound surface, and continuously provide low-temperature physiological saline to the grinding wound surface to reduce the thermal damage of the wound surface and purify the wound surface;

3. The present invention can be controlled by clinicians to realize the operation of grinding while moving, which not only avoids the excessive grinding of local wounds, and the irreversible deep grinding caused by continuous grinding, but also easily realizes the grinding of large-area burns, reducing the Surgery time and risks;

4. The present invention can realize rapid replacement of knives and recycling of the auxiliary structure of the knives, reducing operation time and equipment consumption.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural front view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural side view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the internal structure of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a knife rest of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the cutter side view of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the cutter front view of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the lock;

Fig. 8 is the A-A view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 9 is the B-B view of Fig. 3;

Figure 10 is a schematic view of the mounting seat on the right side of the tool.

Among them, 1. handle; 2. power button; 3. stepping motor; 4. coupling; 5. lock; 6. box; 7. left roller; 8. right roller; 9. water inlet pipe; 10. Negative pressure pipeline; 11. Lead screw; 12. Right slider; 13. Right mounting seat of the tool; 14. Tool holder; 15. Micro medical motor; 16. Worm wheel; 17. Worm; 18. Left installation of the tool Seat; 19, left slider; 20, bearing; 21, knife holder; 22, positioning protrusion; 23, positioning bolt hole; 24, blade; 25, grinding protrusion; 26, locking spring; 27, locking lever; 28, connecting rod; 29, shaft pin; 30, slide rail; 31, diversion circular hole; 32, rotating pin shaft; 33, return spring; 34, cylindrical shell.

Detailed ways:

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 to 10, an adjustable electric negative pressure grinding scab machine includes a box body 6, the box body 6 includes a tool displacement adjustment mechanism and a tool holder 14, and the tool holder 14 is installed on the right mounting seat 13 of the tool And on the tool left mount 18, the left and right mounts are respectively fixed on the left and right sliders; the displacement adjustment mechanism consists of a stepper motor 3, a shaft coupling 4, a lock 5, a leading screw 11, a left and right slider 12,19 and Composed of slide rails 30, the left and right sides are symmetrically arranged, and the circuit adopts a series circuit to realize synchronous control; there is a cavity in the box body 6, and the cavity is connected with the negative pressure pipeline 10 passing through the box body, and the water inlet pipe is provided on the box body Road 9; the tool holder 14 is installed and fixed through the tool right mounting seat 13 and the tool left mounting seat 18 fixed on the slider, and the tool right mounting seat 13 is composed of a rotating pin shaft 32, a return spring 33 and a cylindrical shell 34 , the rotating pin shaft 32 can not only realize rotation, but also can horizontally compress the spring to realize horizontal movement, and the rotating shaft of the tool left mounting seat 18 is fixed on the slide block, and rotates under the cooperation of the worm gear 16 on the motor shaft and the worm screw 17 on the rotating shaft; When the tool holder is installed, first press the right end of the tool holder against the right mounting seat of the tool and compress it to the right. After the left end of the tool is aligned with the left end of the left mounting seat of the tool, the compression is released to realize the rapid installation of the tool. The lower bottom of the box body 6 has an opening and Rollers are installed at the bottom, including a left roller 7 and a right roller 8.

The handle 1 is composed of an upper handle part and a lower connecting part, and the lower connecting part is connected with the box body 6 to form an integral body. The handle part is a cylindrical body with a certain thickness and a cavity in the center to reduce the weight.

The locking mechanism comprises locking spring 26, locking lever 27, connecting rod 28 and pivot pin 29, the middle end of locking lever 27 connects connecting rod 28, the front end of locking lever 27 connects an end of locking spring 26, and locking lever The end of 27 is fixed on the locking mechanism, the other end of locking spring 26 is fixed on the inner top of casing 6, and the other end of connecting rod 28 is connected with pivot pin 29, and pivot pin 29 is arranged in the positioning groove of leading screw, and pivot pin There are two springs symmetrically distributed at both ends of 29, so that the shaft pin 29 is fixed on the locking mechanism, and the locking rod 27 drives the connecting rod to make the shaft pin break away from the positioning groove on the screw, and the screw can be rotated to adjust the slider After the feed of the locking rod 27 is released, the pivot pin is reinserted into the lead screw positioning groove under the action of the two springs to realize the restriction of rotation.

A water inlet pipeline 9 and a negative pressure pipeline 10 are provided in the central part on the right side of the box body 6 . A section of the water inlet pipeline 9 passes through the outer wall of the box body 6 and is connected to the inside of the box body. The inner wall of the box body 6 is provided with a plurality of diversion round holes 31 along the axial direction, and the diversion round holes 31 are evenly distributed along the box body 6. 31 The top is connected with the water inlet, the bottom runs through the body wall of the casing 6, and the lower end opens to the bottom of the body wall. One end of the negative pressure pipeline 10 is connected to the box body 6 , and the other end is connected to a device for generating negative pressure, so that the skin produced by grinding and cutting can be discharged through the negative pressure pipeline 10 .

Grinding scab cutter 14 is made up of knife holder 21 and blade 24, and blade 24 is connected with knife holder by positioning protrusion 22, cuts skin by cutting protrusion 25 when cutter rotates.

Inside the box body 6 is provided with a micro-medical motor 15, and the micro-medical motor 15 drives a worm screw 17 mounted on a rotating shaft to move through a worm wheel 16 connected to the motor shaft.

Left and right roller shafts 7 and 8 are symmetrically distributed on the bottom of the casing 6, which serve as fulcrums to support the grinding scab machine, and make the skin tense to facilitate cutting. At the same time, it can be rolled during movement to reduce resistance.

The handle 1 and the box body 6 are made of high-temperature-resistant plastic or metal, and the size should be convenient to hold with one hand.

The shell of the box body 6 is a cylindrical shell 34 on which a power button 2 is arranged.

The method of using this design is as follows:

To remove the scabs for burn patients, hold the handle 1 with your hands, make the cutting tool 14 reciprocate on the wound surface, and remove the scabs on the wound surface by the contact between the cutter and the skin. By adjusting the stepper motor 3, the depth of cut can be adjusted according to the burn degree of the wounded. The water inlet pipe 9 is connected to the water inlet pipe for cooling down and flushing the exfoliated scabs and residual blood; the negative pressure tube 10 is connected with a negative pressure tube, and the exfoliated scabs and residual blood are sucked away by negative pressure through the negative pressure pipeline. This ensures a clear surgical field of view, clean wounds, and it is very convenient to grasp the depth of cutting.

Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay creative work Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. an adjustable electric negative pressure scab grinding machine, comprises casing, it is characterized in that: casing comprises displacement governor motion and cutter, and cutter is fixed on the tool fitting of left and right, and left and right tool fitting is fixed on slide block, and displacement governor motion is connected with slide block.Be provided with cavity in casing, cavity is connected with the negative pressure line through casing, and casing is provided with inlet pipeline; Described displacement governor motion is made up of motor, shaft coupling, snap close and leading screw and left and right slide block, and the right and left is arranged symmetrically with, and circuit adopts series circuit, realizes Synchronization Control; By movement and the work of the control realization cutter of the motor of displacement governor motion.

2. a kind of adjustable electric negative pressure scab grinding machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tool feeding mechanism comprises motor, shaft coupling, latching device and leading screw, motor connects leading screw by shaft coupling, the rotation of screw mandrel drives box house slide block to move up and down, control the degree of depth of wound surface grinding, latching device connects shaft coupling, realizes the location of optional position; Slide block symmetry is arranged on the slide rail of casing, under the drive that screw mandrel rotates, realize motion under comparatively friction.

3. a kind of adjustable electric negative pressure scab grinding machine as described in claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described latching device comprises locking spring, locking-bar, connecting rod and pivot pin, locking-bar middle-end connects connecting rod, the front end of locking-bar connects one end of locking spring, the end of locking-bar is fixed on latching device, the other end of locking spring is fixed on box house top, the other end of connecting rod connects pivot pin, pivot pin is arranged in the locating slot of leading screw, pivot pin two ends are symmetrically distributed with two joint returning springs, pivot pin is made to be fixed on latching device, locking-bar drivening rod makes the locating slot on pivot pin disengaging leading screw, screw mandrel just can realize the feeding of rotating adjusting slider, after decontroling locking-bar, leading screw locating slot is reinserted at the effect lower shaft pin of two joint returning springs, realize restriction to rotate.

4. a kind of adjustable electric negative pressure scab grinding machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described toolframe is detachable, knife rest carries out installation fix by being fixed on cutter right part mount pad on slide block and the left mount pad of cutter, the right mount pad of cutter comprises turning cylinder, bearing, spring and cylindrical shell, turning cylinder had both realized rotating, horizontal compression spring realizes moving horizontally again, the turning cylinder of the left mount pad of cutter is fixed on slide block, rotates under the worm screw on motor shaft on worm gear and turning cylinder coordinates.

5. a kind of adjustable electric negative pressure scab grinding machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in comprise cutter and comprise several bracing frames, locator protrusions and blade, bracing frame distributes along rotating shaft uniform circular, bracing frame two ends are provided with locator protrusions, and blade is connected with bracing frame by locator protrusions.

6. a kind of adjustable electric negative pressure scab grinding machine as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: described blade is provided with several equally distributed cutting projections.

7. a kind of adjustable electric negative pressure scab grinding machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described cabinet wall is radially provided with equally distributed water conservancy diversion circular hole, and the top of water conservancy diversion circular hole is connected with water inlet, and the body wall of casing is run through in bottom.

8. a kind of adjustable electric negative pressure scab grinding machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the other end of described negative pressure line connects the outside device producing negative pressure, enables mill, cuts the skin produced and discharged by negative pressure line.

9. a kind of adjustable electric negative pressure scab grinding machine as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: described lower box two ends are symmetrically arranged with roll shaft.

10. a kind of adjustable electric negative pressure scab grinding machine as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: described casing upper end is provided with handle.