CN104255286A - Method for cultivating and planting seeds of stizolobium cochinchinensis - Google Patents
Method for cultivating and planting seeds of stizolobium cochinchinensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN104255286A CN104255286A CN201410586426.XA CN201410586426A CN104255286A CN 104255286 A CN104255286 A CN 104255286A CN 201410586426 A CN201410586426 A CN 201410586426A CN 104255286 A CN104255286 A CN 104255286A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating and planting seeds of stizolobium cochinchinensis. The method comprises the following cultivating steps: land preparation: rocky mountain land is selected as a base, the land is deeply tilled for more than 35 cm, and soil is broken apart and aired; base fertilizer application: during seeding, matured farm manure or plant ash and compound fertilizer are applied; seed treatment: full scatheless seeds without diseases or pests are screened, and 50% thiram wettable powder, 50% phoxim wettable powder and the seeds are mixed in a proportion of 1:1:200; seeding: the seeding time in south Guangxi is from February to March, the seeding time in central Guangxi is from March to April, and the seeding time in north Guangxi is from April to May; field management: weeding, which is performed firstly when the seedling height is about 20 cm, is performed twice or three times every year; top application: high phosphorus and high potassium compound fertilizer is used for topdressing at a flowering and podding stage; timely pinching: pinching is performed at a full-bloom end stage; and disease and pest control. The invention firstly discloses ecological planting of seeds of stizolobium cochinchinensis in rocky mountain land, and meanwhile performs ecological planting standardization demonstration and popularization, so as to provide an example for ecological planting of other traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cat beans cultivation and grow method.
Background technology
Cat beans, have another name called Chinese velvetbean seed or leaf, and be a kind of drought-enduring, resistance to thin, crops that adaptability is very strong, root has a lot of rhizobium, and can improve land fertility, root system is more flourishing, and leaf is climing climbs to a higher point, and broad covered area is conducive to conserving water and soil.Cat beans whole body all has very high medicine food using value, and beans shell, beans leaf and beans seed all contain abundant crude fat and crude protein, are first-class pig feeds.Beans seed is the raw material producing levodopa medicine, and levodopa is mainly used in treatment shaking plasy, hepatic coma, fracture, neuralgia etc.Expert finds, the cat beans that Bama of Guangxi produces, and its levodopa composition is that in all cat beans kinds, content is the highest, and for this reason, the cat beans of bar horse are as treatment and prevent the natural health-care products of Parkinson's disease to be favourably welcome.
Guangxi is one of domestic cat beans major production areas; and Duo Shi economic backward area, producing region, water and soil loss and stony desertification are very serious, how to solve the contradiction of Producing medicinal herbs and ecological environmental protection; realizing the harmony of increasing peasant income and traditional Chinese medicine sustainable development, is a great people's livelihood problem.The research of cat beans ecologic planting aspect is rarely had to report at present.About complete cat beans ecological cultivation planting technology, at home and abroad there is no report at present.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has designed and developed a kind of cat beans cultivation and grow method.The invention discloses the cat beans ecologic planting technology of complete set, the development of mountain areas cat beans industry will be promoted widely, the sustainable development of producing for cat beans provides technical guarantee, and the ecologic planting for other traditional Chinese medicines provides an exemplary role and theoretical foundation.The present invention, by cat beans quality-monitoring, formulates quality control system, the quality of cat beans is improved, and standardization is planted, and improves the output of cat beans, promotes the development of Chinese Medicine Industry.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is:
A kind of cat beans cultivation and grow method, comprises the following steps:
1) wholely: select sunny, draining good, be base containing the abundant tor of humus, autumn and winter opens up wasteland, and soil is also broken up and airing by soil deeptillage more than 35 centimetres; Wherein selected ambient air quality meets GB 3095-2012 and specifies, soil environment meets GB 15618-1995 and specifies;
2) basal dressing: during sowing, execute well-rotted farmyard manure or ash and composite fertilizer, farmyard manure often spreads manuer in holes 0.25 ~ 0.5 kilogram, and composite fertilizer often spreads manuer in holes 0.05 ~ 0.1 kilogram simultaneously;
3) seed treatment: screen full, anosis worm, undamaged seed, sows front 50% thiram wettable powder and 50% Phoxin wettable powder and seed and dresses seed in 1: 1: 200 ratio, and with mixing with broadcasting;
4) sow: according to seeding method sowing, the sowing time is: area, south, osmanthus: 2 ~ March; Central Guilin area: 3 ~ April; Backlands district, osmanthus: 4 ~ May;
5) field management:
5.1) weeding: height of seedling is about about 20cm and carries out first time artificial weeding, 1 year needs artificial weeding 2 times ~ 3 times;
5.2) topdress: cat beans spend pod bearing period to impose high phosphorus height K composite fertilizer taking out, and often spread manuer in holes 0.05 kilogram;
5.3) pinching in good time: if the climing growing way of seedling is vigorous, spend carry out pinching latter stage in Sheng, to control nutrient consumption, reaches objects such as urging flower protects pod, minimizing damage by disease and insect occurs, raising output;
5.4) extermination of disease and insect pest: Different periods selects the sick worms such as different bactericidal agent for preventing and treating class Diabroticas, beans snout moth's larva, brown spot and anthracnose.
Preferably, in described cat beans cultivation and grow method, described step 4) middle seeding method with comprising level land plantation, interplanting corn, garden planting and tor single bunch planting kind; The plantation of described level land need adopt built to plant, and planting density is generally 1 meter of spacing in the rows × 1.5 meter line-spacing, about mu plants 400 strains; In described interplanting corn, the cat beans sowing time should be selected corn to take out hero to weave silk the phase, planting density is according to landform, soil fertility, corn planting density and determining, the plot plantation specification of general medium fertility is advisable with two strain bunch plantings of 0.51 meter of spacing in the rows × 0.51 meter line-spacing, after harvest corn, stalk should be kept as far as possible upright, climb in order to beans are climing; Described garden planting can select garden enclosure wall, limit, garden fence to plant, and general distance 2 meters plantation one strain, allows it climb enclosure wall or fence; The single bunch planting kind planting density in described tor ground is 2 meters of spacing in the rows × 2 meter line-spacings.
Preferably, in described cat beans cultivation and grow method, the described extermination of disease and insect pest also comprises: the in time sick cissoid in cleaning field, concentrate make compost, buried or burn, avoid occurring to infect again; Enrich phosphorus, potash fertilizer when topdressing, improve plant premunition.
Preferably, in described cat beans cultivation and grow method, described cat beans cultivation and grow method also comprises: in plant senesecence in November, beanpod fully grows up to rear disposablely to gather, drying to water content after gathering in time is less than 12%, avoids going mouldy, and dries rear beanpod and naturally bursts, beans is deviate from, and collects beans.
Preferably, in described cat beans cultivation and grow method, the built in described built plantation can adopt frame, hedge frame, single mast etc.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Described cat beans cultivation and grow method will promote the development of mountain areas cat beans industry widely, and the sustainable development of producing for cat beans provides technical guarantee, and the ecologic planting for other traditional Chinese medicines provides an exemplary role and theoretical foundation.The present invention, by cat beans quality-monitoring, formulates quality control system, the quality of cat beans is improved, and standardization is planted, and improves the output of cat beans, promotes the development of Chinese Medicine Industry.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1:
Carry out cultivating and growing in mountain areas, Dou Jie township, Longan County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Nanning City, cultivation comprises:
1) wholely: select sunny, draining good, be base containing the abundant tor of humus, autumn and winter opens up wasteland, and soil is also broken up and airing by soil deeptillage more than 35 centimetres; Wherein selected ambient air quality meets GB 3095-2012 and specifies, soil environment meets GB 15618-1995 and specifies;
2) basal dressing: during sowing, execute well-rotted farmyard manure or ash and composite fertilizer, farmyard manure often spreads manuer in holes 0.30 kilogram, and composite fertilizer often spreads manuer in holes 0.06 kilogram simultaneously;
3) seed treatment: screen full, anosis worm, undamaged seed, sows front 50% thiram wettable powder and 50% Phoxin wettable powder and seed and dresses seed in 1: 1: 200 ratio, and with mixing with broadcasting;
4) sow: individual plant bunch planting, do not start, be the specification program request of 2m × 2m by seeding row spacing, be covered with earth, the sowing time is 3 ~ April;
5) field management:
5.1) weeding: height of seedling is about about 20cm and carries out first time artificial weeding, 1 year needs artificial weeding 2 times ~ 3 times;
5.2) topdress: cat beans spend pod bearing period to impose high phosphorus height K composite fertilizer taking out, and often spread manuer in holes 0.05 kilogram;
5.3) pinching in good time: if the climing growing way of seedling is vigorous, spend carry out pinching latter stage in Sheng, to control nutrient consumption, reaches objects such as urging flower protects pod, minimizing damage by disease and insect occurs, raising output;
5.4) extermination of disease and insect pest: Different periods selects the sick worms such as different bactericidal agent for preventing and treating class Diabroticas, beans snout moth's larva, brown spot and anthracnose.
6) gather: in plant senesecence in November, beanpod fully grows up to rear disposablely to gather, and first cut off plant root before gathering, after 5 ~ 7 days, plant is all fallen leaves, and plucks beanpod in time; Drying to water content after gathering in time is less than 12%, avoids going mouldy, and dry rear beanpod and naturally burst, beans is deviate from, and collects beans.
Embodiment 2:
Carry out cultivating and growing in mountain areas, township of the Hua Jiang Yao nationality, Xingan County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Guilin City, cultivation comprises:
1) wholely: select sunny, draining good, be base containing the abundant tor of humus, autumn and winter opens up wasteland, and soil is also broken up and airing by soil deeptillage more than 35 centimetres; Wherein selected ambient air quality meets GB 3095-2012 and specifies, soil environment meets GB 15618-1995 and specifies;
2) basal dressing: during sowing, execute well-rotted farmyard manure or ash and composite fertilizer, farmyard manure often spreads manuer in holes 0.40 kilogram, and composite fertilizer often spreads manuer in holes 0.08 kilogram simultaneously;
3) seed treatment: screen full, anosis worm, undamaged seed, sows front 50% thiram wettable powder and 50% Phoxin wettable powder and seed and dresses seed in 1: 1: 200 ratio, and with mixing with broadcasting;
4) sow: individual plant bunch planting, do not start, be the specification program request of 2m × 2m by seeding row spacing, be covered with earth, the sowing time is 4 ~ May;
5) field management:
5.1) weeding: height of seedling is about about 20cm and carries out first time artificial weeding, 1 year needs artificial weeding 2 times ~ 3 times;
5.2) topdress: cat beans spend pod bearing period to impose high phosphorus height K composite fertilizer taking out, and often spread manuer in holes 0.05 kilogram;
5.3) pinching in good time: if the climing growing way of seedling is vigorous, spend carry out pinching latter stage in Sheng, to control nutrient consumption, reaches objects such as urging flower protects pod, minimizing damage by disease and insect occurs, raising output;
5.4) extermination of disease and insect pest: Different periods selects the sick worms such as different bactericidal agent for preventing and treating class Diabroticas, beans snout moth's larva, brown spot and anthracnose.
6) gather: in plant senesecence in November, beanpod fully grows up to rear disposablely to gather, and first cut off plant root before gathering, after 5 ~ 7 days, plant is all fallen leaves, and plucks beanpod in time; Drying to water content after gathering in time is less than 12%, avoids going mouldy, and dry rear beanpod and naturally burst, beans is deviate from, and collects beans.
Embodiment 3:
Carry out cultivating and growing in mountain areas, Pingshan Mountain town, Lingshan County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Qinzhou City, cultivation comprises:
1) wholely: select sunny, draining good, be base containing the abundant tor of humus, autumn and winter opens up wasteland, and soil is also broken up and airing by soil deeptillage more than 35 centimetres; Wherein selected ambient air quality meets GB 3095-2012 and specifies, soil environment meets GB 15618-1995 and specifies;
2) basal dressing: during sowing, execute well-rotted farmyard manure or ash and composite fertilizer, farmyard manure often spreads manuer in holes 0.25 kilogram, and composite fertilizer often spreads manuer in holes 0.07 kilogram simultaneously;
3) seed treatment: screen full, anosis worm, undamaged seed, sows front 50% thiram wettable powder and 50% Phoxin wettable powder and seed and dresses seed in 1: 1: 200 ratio, and with mixing with broadcasting;
4) sow: individual plant bunch planting, do not start, be the specification program request of 2m × 2m by seeding row spacing, be covered with earth, the sowing time is 2 ~ March;
5) field management:
5.1) weeding: height of seedling is about about 20cm and carries out first time artificial weeding, 1 year needs artificial weeding 2 times ~ 3 times;
5.2) topdress: cat beans spend pod bearing period to impose high phosphorus height K composite fertilizer taking out, and often spread manuer in holes 0.05 kilogram;
5.3) pinching in good time: if the climing growing way of seedling is vigorous, spend carry out pinching latter stage in Sheng, to control nutrient consumption, reaches objects such as urging flower protects pod, minimizing damage by disease and insect occurs, raising output;
5.4) extermination of disease and insect pest: Different periods selects the sick worms such as different bactericidal agent for preventing and treating class Diabroticas, beans snout moth's larva, brown spot and anthracnose;
6) gather: in plant senesecence in November, beanpod fully grows up to rear disposablely to gather, and first cut off plant root before gathering, after 5 ~ 7 days, plant is all fallen leaves, and plucks beanpod in time; Drying to water content after gathering in time is less than 12%, avoids going mouldy, and dry rear beanpod and naturally burst, beans is deviate from, and collects beans.
The method of the extermination of disease and insect pest described in the present invention comprises:
1) control of brown spot: the in time sick cissoid in cleaning field, concentrate make compost, buried or burn, avoid occurring to infect again; Enrich phosphorus, potash fertilizer when topdressing, improve plant premunition; Their early stage, with 25% Fluoxastrobin suspending agent, 1000 times of liquid, 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granule 1000 times liquid, or 25% Tebuconazole, 1500 times of liquid carry out foliar spray control, every dispenser in 7 ~ 10 days once, continuous dispenser 2 ~ 3 times;
2) control of anthracnose: the in time sick cissoid in cleaning field, concentrate make compost, buried or burn, avoid occurring to infect again; Crop rotation in 2 ~ 3 years is carried out, implementation rice field-upland field rotation with good conditionsi with gramineous crop; Their early stage, with 10% Wettable polyoxin powder, 1000 times of liquid, or 25% Prochloraz missible oil, 1000 times of liquid, or 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granule, 1000 times of liquid, or 25% Fluoxastrobin suspending agent, 1000 times of liquid carry out overground part spraying control, every dispenser in 7 ~ 10 days once, continuous dispenser 2 ~ 3 times;
3) control of leaf (jumping) first: in time cleaning field fallen leaves and weeds, concentrate make compost, buried or burn, to destroy habitat; Tie up by 2.5% rotenone emulsifiable solution, 500 times of liquid or 30.2% first in the emergence period. chlopyrifos 1500 times of liquid spraying controls, require that spray is saturating, spray position, even ground and squirt soil, field is wider, answers surrounding first to spray, and surrounds desinsection; As field is long and narrow, first can spray one end, then from other end spray in the past, accomplish " besieging and chasing ", prevent adult from running away.When insect population generating capacity is large, every dispenser in 5 ~ 7 days once, in fine day dispenser at dusk;
4) control of beans snout moth's larva: in time cleaning field fallen leaves and weeds, concentrate make compost, buried or burn, to kill larva and pupa; With good conditionsily can use black light lamps adult at night; Manual removal's beans snout moth's larva pieces of an egg are destroyed outside field; In the beans snout moth's larva egg hatching phase, field sprays Bt (bacillus thuringiensis,Bt) wetting powder 200 times of liquid of every milliliter of 10,000,000,000 spores; In seedling emergence period, the latter stage of blooming and pod bearing period, with 5% emamectin-benzoate (emamectin benzoate) missible oil, 6000 times of liquid, or 48% chlorpyrifos ec, 1000 times of liquid, or 50% Folithion missible oil, 1000 times of liquid are used alternatingly and carry out spraying control.When insect population generating capacity is large, every dispenser in 5 ~ 7 days once, in fine day dispenser at dusk.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the example described.
Claims (5)
1. a cat beans cultivation and grow method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) wholely: select sunny, draining good, be base containing the abundant tor of humus, autumn and winter opens up wasteland, and soil is also broken up and airing by soil deeptillage more than 35 centimetres; Wherein selected ambient air quality meets GB3095-2012 regulation, and soil environment meets GB15618-1995 regulation;
2) basal dressing: during sowing, execute well-rotted farmyard manure or ash and composite fertilizer, farmyard manure often spreads manuer in holes 0.25 ~ 0.5 kilogram, and composite fertilizer often spreads manuer in holes 0.05 ~ 0.1 kilogram simultaneously;
3) seed treatment: screen full, anosis worm, undamaged seed, sows front 50% thiram wettable powder and 50% Phoxin wettable powder and seed and dresses seed in 1: 1: 200 ratio, and with mixing with broadcasting;
4) sow: according to seeding method sowing, the sowing time is: area, south, osmanthus: 2 ~ March; Central Guilin area: 3 ~ April; Backlands district, osmanthus: 4 ~ May;
5) field management:
5.1) weeding: height of seedling is about about 20cm and carries out first time artificial weeding, 1 year needs artificial weeding 2 times ~ 3 times;
5.2) topdress: cat beans spend pod bearing period to impose high phosphorus height K composite fertilizer taking out, and often spread manuer in holes 0.05 kilogram;
5.3) pinching in good time: if the climing growing way of seedling is vigorous, spend carry out pinching latter stage in Sheng, to control nutrient consumption, reaches objects such as urging flower protects pod, minimizing damage by disease and insect occurs, raising output;
5.4) extermination of disease and insect pest: Different periods selects the sick worms such as different bactericidal agent for preventing and treating class Diabroticas, beans snout moth's larva, brown spot and anthracnose.
2. cat beans cultivation and grow method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 4) middle seeding method with comprising level land plantation, interplanting corn, garden planting and tor single bunch planting kind; The plantation of described level land need adopt built to plant, and planting density is generally 1 meter of spacing in the rows × 1.5 meter line-spacing, about mu plants 400 strains; In described interplanting corn, the cat beans sowing time should be selected corn to take out hero to weave silk the phase, planting density is according to landform, soil fertility, corn planting density and determining, the plot plantation specification of general medium fertility is advisable with two strain bunch plantings of 0.51 meter of spacing in the rows × 0.51 meter line-spacing, after harvest corn, stalk should be kept as far as possible upright, climb in order to beans are climing; Described garden planting can select garden enclosure wall, limit, garden fence to plant, and general distance 2 meters plantation one strain, allows it climb enclosure wall or fence; The single bunch planting kind planting density in described tor ground is 2 meters of spacing in the rows × 2 meter line-spacings.
3. cat beans cultivation and grow method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described extermination of disease and insect pest also comprises: the sick cissoid in cleaning field in time, concentrate make compost, buried or burn, avoid occurring to infect again; Enrich phosphorus, potash fertilizer when topdressing, improve plant premunition.
4. cat beans cultivation and grow method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cat beans cultivation and grow method also comprises: in plant senesecence in November, beanpod fully grows up to rear disposablely to gather, drying to water content after gathering in time is less than 12%, avoids going mouldy, and dries rear beanpod and naturally bursts, beans is deviate from, and collects beans.
5. cat beans cultivation and grow method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the built in described built plantation can adopt frame, hedge frame, single mast etc.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107251723A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2017-10-17 | 韦健 | A kind of mountain area cat beans high-yield culture technique |
| CN107493914A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-22 | 韦健 | A kind of walnut and corn, cat beans interplanting method |
| CN112514755A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-03-19 | 宁夏虹桥有机食品有限公司 | Planting method for harvesting green sword beans at one time |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107251723A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2017-10-17 | 韦健 | A kind of mountain area cat beans high-yield culture technique |
| CN107493914A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-22 | 韦健 | A kind of walnut and corn, cat beans interplanting method |
| CN112514755A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-03-19 | 宁夏虹桥有机食品有限公司 | Planting method for harvesting green sword beans at one time |
| CN112514755B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2023-02-03 | 宁夏虹桥有机食品有限公司 | Planting method for harvesting green sword beans at one time |
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Application publication date: 20150107 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |