Background technology
In agricultural production, plant disease is the key factor affecting crop health, once outburst often can bring destructive strike to crops.Disease be a kind of continuous print infection processs, at its harm initial stage, its hazard symptoms is generally stealthy or unconspicuous.Usually, after obvious symptom appears in crop, grower adopts chemical agent to prevent and treat rampant disease with being just compelled against one's will.This delayed behavior misses the best period controlling disease, causes the excessive of agricultural chemicals and uses, add the cost accounting of peasant household.
Seed treatment is that management is sick, one of the expedient measure of insect pest, and seed treatment is applied to the stage of plant growth most critical, and that can effectively reduce and hinder disease infects harm.Seed treatment can form barrier around seed, can reduce the times for spraying of crop growth period, improves to prevent and treat efficiency to damage by disease and insect.The usage amount of seed treatment is little, this reduces the pressure to environment, avoids the harmful effect to damage by disease and insect natural enemy.
Along with the mankind are to the pursuit of green health, food security, modern agriculture it is also proposed higher requirement to seed treatment, and the characteristics such as volume increase health care, high-efficiency environment friendly, broad-spectrum safe are just becoming the mainstream values standard craved in agrochemical market.The molecular formula of pyraclostrobin (English general pyraclostrobin by name) is C
19h
18c
1n
3o
4chemical name is methyl (N)-[[[1-(4-chlorobenzene) pyrazoles-3 base)-oxygen]-0-methoxyl group]-N-methoxymethyl carbamate, it is the strobilurin fungicide of a new generation, not only to most of fungal disease, there is excellent preventive effect, and to plant, also there is good health care.It can improve the growth properties of plant, improves the resistance of crop.
Lentinan, oligosaccharide element, amino-oligosaccharide is the polysaccharide compound that a class has induction of resistance, its safety and environmental protection, just as all kinds of vaccines of human infant stage inoculation, can protect host other stages from or alleviate the harm of cause of disease.
Lentinan, English general fungous proteoglycan by name, molecular formula is (C
6h
10o
5)
2n(NH
2rCOOH), the generation that can prevent virus diseases, has Promotive effect to crop yield, and soaking seed has Promotive effect to seedling.
Oligosaccharide element, English general oligosaccharins by name, molecular formula is (C
6h
8o
6) nH
2o (n=3 ~ 40) is special oligosaccharide, it in plant corpus as signaling molecule coordinate plant growth, growth and survival ability in the environment.What oligosaccharide element and plant or parasite hydrolase decomposed out from plant or disease fungus cell wall polysaccharides causes anaphylactoid activity excitation of host plant, the synthesis of induction plant, accumulation antitoxin.
Amino-oligosaccharide, English general oligosaccharins by name, molecular formula is (C
6h
11o
4n) n (n>=2), can produce the mechanism of disease resistance and mainly excites gene expression in plants by inducing plant, produce chitinase, dextranase, protective plant protecting agent and the PR albumen etc. with antibacterial action.
Inducer can produce defense response to pathogen, even if crop gives expression to the resistance caused harm to pathogen infection by stimulating plant.Induction of resistance crop is generally system, long-term, in the resistance that seed or Seedling Stage obtain, within whole vegetative period, all remains this ability.Induction of resistance has conductivity, and the resistance signal as induced on cucumber leaves can be transferred to other positions of crop.Derivant without direct killing activity, can not cause the pesticide resistance of damage by disease and insect to damage by disease and insect, is greatly beneficial to prevention in advance and the integrated management of disease.
Existing test proves, inducer process seed can make crop obtain relevant resistance.If phaseolus vulgaris seeds is through induction of resistance process, the harm of plant in vegetative period from anthracnose can be made; With derivant process rice seedling rhizome, portion can strengthen the resistance of paddy rice to banded sclerotial blight; To fusarium wilt, there is good preventive effect with inducer process muskmelon seeds, and to seed germination safety, muskmelon radicle growth can be promoted, increase fibrous root quantity and plant fresh weight.
Inducer needs time enough that plant just can be made to produce resistance, in bacterium source amount large, infect rapidly in situation, it often can not induce the resistance against diseases of crop at short notice.And bactericide can control developing of disease within a short period of time, therefore, by bactericide and inducer composite be one of effective measures of the plant disease comprehensive regulation for seed treatment, the generation of pre-disease prevention can be shifted to an earlier date, the reaction time that inducer is enough can be ensured again.At present, research composite to pyraclostrobin and lentinan, oligosaccharide element, amino-oligosaccharide is not seen in report.
Embodiment
By composite test concrete in a large number, unexpected discovery pyraclostrobin and polysaccharide compound lentinan, oligosaccharide a kind of Combination application that is plain, amino-oligosaccharide have excellent synergistic effect.The embodiment provided below for elaborating the present invention, and does not form limiting the scope of the invention.Test method used by embodiment, if without specified otherwise, is conventional method; Percentage composition in embodiment, if without specified otherwise, is weight percentage.
Biologicall test example 1: pyraclostrobin and lentinan are to the Tests of Synergistic Actions of cucumber rhizoctonia rot
Subjects: Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn (Rhizoctonia solani KUhn), is gathered by field, through indoor separation and purification.
Test method: with reference to " People's Republic of China's agricultural industry criteria " [pesticide field efficacy medicine test criterion (one) bactericide seed treatment control sprout term disease GB/T17980.36-2000], adopt dressing methods to test.Pathogen is inoculated in respectively on PDA medium, at 25 DEG C, constant temperature culture 7 days, by cultured pathogen, aseptically punches, 2 bacterium sheets being transferred to 250 milliliters of sizes is equipped with in the triangular flask of 100 ml yeast medicinal extract, and dark lower 25 DEG C keep 12 days; For the southern vegetables 6 that examination cucumber variety is non-dressing
-8, the full consistent seed of picking, dries for subsequent use; From triangular flask, take out hypha body aseptic water washing clean, get 0.3 gram of hypha body and add 100 ml sterile water homogenate 1 minute, every 100 milliliters of homogenate bacterium liquid inoculate 3000 grams of sterilized soil, mix soil, be prepared into bacterium soil for subsequent use after bacterium liquid is mixed into soil with hand.
Take the former medicine of a certain amount of pyraclostrobin, with acetone solution, add the Tween-80 water of appropriate 0.1%, be configured to 2.5% aqueous solution.Lentinan deionized water is configured to 2.5% aqueous solution.The pesticide-seeds ratio adopted is 1: 50, being sown into by seed after seed dressing fills in the large flowerpot of bacterium soil, and every basin broadcasts 5 vernalization to the seed showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and often processes repetition 5 times, then each process is placed in the illumination box of 18 DEG C, photoperiod is 14L/10D, and relative moisture remains 65%-80%, keeps ground moistening continuously, grew to for 2 leaf phases after seed sprouting, depending on blank incidence, the number of emerging of each process investigated by the basin that falls, and calculates control efficiency.
Control efficiency computing formula is:
The theoretical preventive effect of built agent is calculated by colby method:
In formula:
Preventive effect when X---component A consumption is P;
Preventive effect when Y---B component consumption is Q;
E
0---when component A consumption is P, the theoretical preventive effect of B component consumption when being Q;
When E---component A consumption is P, the actual preventive effect of B component consumption when being Q;
E-E
0> 10% is synergistic effect; E-E
0<-10% is antagonism; E-E
0value is summation action between ± 10%, and synergy measurement result is in table 1.
Biologicall test example 2: pyraclostrobin and the Tests of Synergistic Actions of oligosaccharide element to potato black scurf
Subjects: Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn (Rhizoctonia solani K ü hn), is gathered by field, through indoor separation and purification.
Test method: with reference to " People's Republic of China's agricultural industry criteria " [pesticide field efficacy medicine test criterion (one) bactericide seed treatment control sprout term disease GB/T17980.36-2000], adopt dressing methods to test.Pathogen is inoculated in respectively on PDA medium (potato 200 grams, glucose 20 grams, 20 grams, agar, 1000 grams, water), constant temperature culture 4 days at 25 DEG C, the wheat bran adding suitable quantity of water is loaded in triangular flask, the bacterial classification of above-mentioned activation is accessed after autoclaving, be placed in 25 DEG C of insulating boxs to cultivate 30 days, for subsequent use; Wheat bran being expanded numerous Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn adds in sterilized soil, and the bacterium soil being prepared into 5% mass ratio is for subsequent use.
Supply examination Potato Cultivars to be Xia Bodi, select in the same size, that eye quantity is suitable potato seed for subsequent use.
The pesticide-seeds ratio adopted is 1: 30, potato seed is cut into the potato block of 40-50 gram of size, with configuration medicine liquid spray, is stirred to potato block and is evenly stained with liquid, the potato block handled well is evenly mixed upper talcum powder, sows after depositing dry mouth healing to be cut in 2 days.Potato seed after process being sown into fills in the large flowerpot of bacterium soil, 5 potato blocks sprouting consistent broadcast by every basin, often process repetition 20 times, then each process be placed in the illumination box of 18 DEG C, the photoperiod is 14L/10D, relative moisture remains 65%-80%, continuous maintenance ground moistening, grew to for 4 leaf phases, depending on blank incidence after potato seed is emerged, the number of emerging of each process investigated by the basin that falls, and calculates control efficiency.
The theoretical preventive effect of built agent is calculated by colby method:
E
0=X+Y×(100-X)
100
In formula:
Preventive effect when X---component A consumption is P;
Preventive effect when Y---B component consumption is Q;
E
0---when component A consumption is P, the theoretical preventive effect of B component consumption when being Q;
When E---component A consumption is P, the actual preventive effect of B component consumption when being Q;
E-E
0> 10% is synergistic effect; E-E
0<-10% is antagonism; E-E
0value is summation action between ± 10%.Synergy measurement result is in table 2.
Biologicall test example 3: pyraclostrobin and amino-oligosaccharide are to the Tests of Synergistic Actions of cotton damping off
Subjects: scraping and printing unit (Pythium aphanidermatum (Eds.) Fitzp.), is gathered by field, through indoor separation and purification.
Test method: with reference to " People's Republic of China's agricultural industry criteria " [pesticide field efficacy medicine test criterion (one) bactericide seed treatment control sprout term disease GB/T17980.36-2000], adopt dressing methods to test.Scraping and printing unit is inoculated on CMA medium (60g iblet adds 1000ml water boil and filters, and adds 18g agar, supply 1000ml with water in filtrate), constant temperature culture 4d at 25 DEG C, for subsequent use.By cultured germ with 5% ratio be mixed in sterilized soil and be prepared into bacterium soil, for subsequent use.
The pesticide-seeds ratio adopted is 1: 50, being sown into by seed after seed dressing fills in the large flowerpot of bacterium soil, and every basin broadcasts 5 vernalization to the seed showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and often processes repetition 20 times, then each process is placed in the illumination box of 18 DEG C, photoperiod is 14L/10D, and relative moisture remains 65%-80%, keeps ground moistening continuously, grew to for 2 leaf phases after seed sprouting, depending on blank incidence, the morbidity strain number of each process investigated by the basin that falls, and calculates control efficiency.
Control efficiency computing formula is:
The theoretical preventive effect of built agent is calculated by colby method:
In formula:
Preventive effect when X---component A consumption is P;
Preventive effect when Y---B component consumption is Q;
E
0---when component A consumption is P, the theoretical preventive effect of B component consumption when being Q;
When E---component A consumption is P, the actual preventive effect of B component consumption when being Q;
E-E
0> 10% is synergistic effect; E-E
0<-10% is antagonism; E-E
0value is summation action between ± 10%.Synergy measurement result is in table 3.
Table 1-3 points out, pyraclostrobin and lentinan, oligosaccharide element, amino-oligosaccharide are used for seed treatment and have good synergistic effect, have obvious synergistic effect, E-E between 60: 1 ~ 1: 60
0value is all greater than 10%, has more obvious synergy, E-E between 20: 1 ~ 1: 20
0value is all greater than 20%, has more obvious synergy, E-E between 20: 1 ~ 1: 20
0value is all greater than 30%.
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:61.0% pyraclostrobin lentinan suspension seed-coating agent
Pyraclostrobin 60.0%, lentinan 1.0%, carboxymethyl cellulose 2%, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether 3.0%, styrene phenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether phosphate salt 1.5%, xanthans 0.1%, urea 3.0%, rhodamine toner 0.5%, n-octyl alcohol 0.5%, water supplies 100%.Take a certain amount of former medicine, auxiliary agent, water is mixed in raw material blending tank, pour in sand mill after high speed shear and fully mix, liquid and abrasive media separating and filtering can be obtained 61.0% pyraclostrobin lentinan suspension seed-coating agent.
This embodiment is applied to the seed treatment of potato, the mass ratio of the liquid that test is arranged and seed is 1: 200, dress seed after potato seed stripping and slicing, painting is spread talcum powder and is dried in the shade, by planting seed in the over the years land for growing field crops that potato black scurf occurs, 7 days after emerging, 14 days and within 21 days, investigate the morbidity strain number of each process, and calculate control efficiency, emergence rate, the plant fresh weight of each process is investigated, in the output of measurement processing harvest time in Seedling Stage.
Field experiment shows, pyraclostrobin and lentinan Combination application have significant synergies and outstanding health-care effect.Its combination has better preventive effect and longer lasting period, significantly enhances the emergence rate of seed, improves the quality of plant in seedling stage, add the output in crop later stage.
Embodiment 2:41.0% pyraclostrobin oligosaccharide element suspension seed-coating agent
Pyraclostrobin 40.0%, oligosaccharide element 1.0%, polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.5%, xanthans 0.3%, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene 4.0%, hydroxyl PEO butyl ether 2.0%, famille rose 3.0%, aluminium-magnesium silicate 0.3%, ethylene glycol 5.0%, all the other supply 100% with water.Active component, film forming agent, dispersant, wetting agent etc. are added high shearing mixing emulsor to carry out pre-dispersed, then accesses sand mill and process, and grinding 2h filters and can obtain 41.0% pyraclostrobin oligosaccharide element suspension seed-coating agent.
This embodiment is applied to the seed treatment of peanut, the mass ratio of the liquid that test is arranged and seed is 1: 30, by planting seed in the over the years land for growing field crops that Diplodia gossypina occurs, 7 days after emerging, 14 days and within 21 days, investigate the morbidity strain number of each process, by above-mentioned formulae discovery control efficiency.Emergence rate, the plant fresh weight of each process is investigated, in the output of measurement processing harvest time in Seedling Stage.
Field experiment shows, pyraclostrobin and oligosaccharide element Combination application have significant synergies and outstanding health-care effect.Its combination has better preventive effect and longer lasting period, significantly enhances the emergence rate of seed, improves the quality of plant in seedling stage, add the output in crop later stage.
Embodiment 3:42.0% pyraclostrobin amino-oligosaccharide seed treatment dispersibles pulvis
Pyraclostrobin 40.0%, amino-oligosaccharide 2.0%, polyvinyl alcohol 0.5%, pull open powder 0.5%, lauryl sodium sulfate 2.0%, white carbon 5.0%, Congo red 1.5%, attapulgite complements to 100%.The ratio of each components such as active component, film forming agent, dispersant, wetting agent and filler in formula is mixed, after air-flow shatters, namely obtains 42.0% pyraclostrobin amino-oligosaccharide seed treatment dispersible pulvis.
This embodiment is applied to the seed treatment of soybean, the mass ratio of the liquid that test is arranged and seed is 1: 50, by planting seed in the over the years land for growing field crops that root rot occurs, 7 days after emerging, 14 days and within 21 days, investigate the morbidity strain number of each process, by above-mentioned formulae discovery control efficiency.Emergence rate, the plant fresh weight of each process is investigated, in the output of measurement processing harvest time in Seedling Stage.
Field experiment shows, pyraclostrobin and amino-oligosaccharide Combination application have significant synergies and outstanding health-care effect.Its combination has better preventive effect and longer lasting period, significantly enhances the emergence rate of seed, improves the quality of plant in seedling stage, add the output in crop later stage.
Embodiment 4:66.0% pyraclostrobin lentinan seed treatment dispersibles pulvis
Pyraclostrobin 60.0%, lentinan 6.0%, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.5%, xanthans 0.5%, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate 2.0%, sucrose 5.0%, azarin 1.5%, bentonite complement to 100%.The ratio of each components such as active component, film forming agent, dispersant, wetting agent and filler in formula is mixed, after air-flow shatters, namely obtains 66.0% pyraclostrobin lentinan seed treatment dispersible pulvis.
This embodiment is applied to the seed treatment of paddy rice, the mass ratio of the liquid that test is arranged and seed is 1: 50, by planting seed in the over the years land for growing field crops that rice seedling blight occurs, 7 days after emerging, 14 days and within 21 days, investigate the morbidity strain number of each process, by above-mentioned formulae discovery control efficiency.Emergence rate, the plant fresh weight of each process is investigated, in the output of measurement processing harvest time in Seedling Stage.
Field experiment shows, pyraclostrobin and lentinan Combination application have significant synergies and outstanding health-care effect.Its combination has better preventive effect and longer lasting period, significantly enhances the emergence rate of seed, improves the quality of plant in seedling stage, add the output in crop later stage.
Embodiment 5:11.0% pyraclostrobin oligosaccharide element water and milk seed coat agent
The stupid sulfoacid calcium 5.0% of pyraclostrobin 1.0%, oligosaccharide element 10.0%, starch 3.5%, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether 2.0%, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE 3.0%, dodecyl, agriculture breast 600#3.0%, azarin 2.0%, water complements to 100%.Former medicine, solvent, emulsifier are added together, make to be dissolved into homogeneous oil phase; Under high velocity agitation, oil phase is added to the water and mixes, obtained 11.0% pyraclostrobin oligosaccharide element water and milk seed coat agent.
This embodiment is applied to the seed treatment of cotton, the mass ratio of the liquid that test is arranged and seed is 1: 20, by planting seed in the over the years land for growing field crops that cotton damping off occurs, 7 days after emerging, 14 days and within 21 days, investigate the morbidity strain number of each process, by above-mentioned formulae discovery control efficiency.Emergence rate, the plant fresh weight of each process is investigated, in the output of measurement processing harvest time in Seedling Stage.
Field experiment shows, pyraclostrobin and oligosaccharide element Combination application have significant synergies and outstanding health-care effect.Its combination has better preventive effect and longer lasting period, significantly enhances the emergence rate of seed, improves the quality of plant in seedling stage, add the output in crop later stage.
Embodiment 6:42.0% pyraclostrobin amino-oligosaccharide suspension seed-coating agent
Pyraclostrobin 2.0%, amino-oligosaccharide 40.0%, gelatin 2.0%, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate 2.0%, sodium alginate 0.5%, ethylene glycol 5.0%, agriculture breast 6001.0%, kaolin 3.0%, supply 100% with water.Active component, film forming agent, dispersant, wetting agent etc. are added high shearing mixing emulsor to carry out pre-dispersed, then accesses sand mill and process, and grinding 2h filters and can obtain 42.0% pyraclostrobin amino-oligosaccharide suspension seed-coating agent.
This embodiment is applied to the seed treatment of cucumber, the mass ratio of the liquid that test is arranged and seed is 1: 50, by planting seed in the over the years land for growing field crops that cucumber rhizoctonia rot occurs, 7 days after emerging, 14 days and within 21 days, investigate the morbidity strain number of each process, by above-mentioned formulae discovery control efficiency.Emergence rate, the plant fresh weight of each process is investigated, in the output of measurement processing harvest time in Seedling Stage.
Field experiment shows, pyraclostrobin and amino-oligosaccharide Combination application have significant synergies and outstanding health-care effect.Its combination has better preventive effect and longer lasting period, significantly enhances the emergence rate of seed, improves the quality of plant in seedling stage, add the output in crop later stage.
Embodiment 7:20.5% pyraclostrobin lentinan seed treatment emulsion
Pyraclostrobin 0.5%, lentinan 20.0%, microcrystalline cellulose 2.5%, gum Arabic 0.5%, phenethyl phenol polyethenoxy ether 1.5%, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE 3.0%, isopropyl alcohol 10.0%, agriculture breast 500#5.0%, agriculture breast 1601#5.0%, acid scarlet 1.0%, water complements to 100%.Former medicine, solvent, auxiliary agent are added together, make to be dissolved into homogeneous oil phase; By water-soluble component and the obtained aqueous phase of water mixing; Under high velocity agitation, oil phase is mixed with water, obtained 20.5% pyraclostrobin lentinan seed treatment emulsion.
This embodiment is applied to the seed treatment of gumbo, the mass ratio of the liquid that test is arranged and seed is 1: 50, by planting seed in the over the years land for growing field crops that gumbo damping off occurs, 7 days after emerging, 14 days and within 21 days, investigate the morbidity strain number of each process, by above-mentioned formulae discovery control efficiency.Emergence rate, the plant fresh weight of each process is investigated, in the output of measurement processing harvest time in Seedling Stage.
Field experiment shows, pyraclostrobin and lentinan Combination application have significant synergies and outstanding health-care effect.Its combination has better preventive effect and longer lasting period, significantly enhances the emergence rate of seed, improves the quality of plant in seedling stage, add the output in crop later stage.
Embodiment 8:61.0% pyraclostrobin oligosaccharide element seed treatment dispersibles pulvis
Pyraclostrobin 1.0%, oligosaccharide element 60.0%, polyvinyl alcohol 0.5%, pull open powder 0.5%, lauryl sodium sulfate 2.0%, white carbon 5.0%, Congo red 1.5%, attapulgite complements to 100%.The ratio of each components such as active component, film forming agent, dispersant, wetting agent and filler in formula is mixed, after air-flow shatters, namely obtains 61.0% pyraclostrobin oligosaccharide element seed treatment dispersible pulvis.
This embodiment is applied to the seed treatment of rape, the mass ratio of the liquid that test is arranged and seed is 1: 50, by planting seed in the over the years land for growing field crops that rape damping off occurs, 7 days after emerging, 14 days and within 21 days, investigate the morbidity strain number of each process, by above-mentioned formulae discovery control efficiency.Emergence rate, the plant fresh weight of each process is investigated, in the output of measurement processing harvest time in Seedling Stage.
Field experiment shows, pyraclostrobin and oligosaccharide element Combination application have significant synergies and outstanding health-care effect.Its combination has better preventive effect and longer lasting period, can significantly enhance the emergence rate of seed, improve the quality of plant in seedling stage, add the output in crop later stage.