CN104241427A - High-heat-dissipation solar cell assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high heat dissipation solar cell assembly, which is characterized in that it comprises a front sheet material layer (1), an upper packaging material layer (2), a cell sheet (3), a doped There is a lower encapsulation material layer (4) with 10%-30% by weight of heat-conducting particles and a rear plate glass layer (5) doped with 1%-10% by weight of heat-conducting particles. First, the present invention can reduce the source of heat generation, and second, it can dissipate as much heat as possible when the components are working, thereby overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art. The solar cell components of the present invention do not need to change the packaging of existing products Craft, easy to implement.

Description

High heat dissipation solar cell module

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular relates to a high heat dissipation type solar cell assembly

Background technique

With the development of human civilization, the world is facing serious energy crisis and environmental pollution. Among them, photovoltaic solar cells, which can directly convert solar energy into electrical energy, are one of the important methods to solve the world's energy crisis and reduce environmental pollution. Modules composed of solar cells are usually exposed to the sun. In order to avoid solar radiation from affecting the temperature of the battery module and thus affecting the power generation efficiency of the battery module, it is particularly required that the solar power module has good heat dissipation performance.

Research data show that the same photovoltaic module power station, in spring and autumn with weak light intensity and short light time, and summer with strong light intensity and long light time, its total power generation hardly increases, or even decreases. After investigation, it was finally found that the continuous heating of photovoltaic modules affected the power output, that is to say, increasing the intensity of light irradiation and prolonging the lighting time, theoretically speaking, can improve the efficiency of power generation and increase the amount of power generation, but the resulting components The phenomenon of fever will have a great counterproductive effect. Statistics show that when the operating temperature of the module is above 60°C, every 10°C increase will greatly affect the power generation efficiency and power output of the cell.

At present, solar monocrystalline or polycrystalline modules on the market adopt the following structure, that is, from top to bottom, the tempered glass layer, EVA layer, battery sheet, EVA layer, TPT layer and aluminum alloy frame are stacked in sequence. The front glass and packaging materials of such a structure pay more attention to the light transmittance, which is generally required to be above 91%, so as to absorb as many photons as possible, so that the cell has higher conversion efficiency and power output. The back film is mostly made of fluorine-containing polymer composite material (the thermal conductivity is only 0.1-0.2W/m.K), which plays the role of water blocking and insulation, but at the same time it brings the problem of difficult heat dissipation.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high heat dissipation solar cell assembly, which can reduce the heat generation source and dissipate as much heat as possible during the operation of the assembly, so as to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art. The present invention The solar battery module does not need to change the packaging process of existing products, and is easy to implement.

In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:

A high heat dissipation solar cell module is characterized in that it comprises a front plate material layer, an upper packaging material layer, a battery sheet, and a lower layer doped with 10%-30% by weight of heat-conducting particles, which are stacked sequentially from top to bottom A packaging material layer and a rear glass layer doped with 1%-10% by weight of heat-conducting particles;

Wherein, the front plate material layer includes a surface protection layer, a light antireflection layer, and a high light-transmitting plastic base layer doped with quantum dots that are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, and the surface protection layer is transparent polyvinylidene fluoride A plastic layer with an optical refractive index of 1.38; the light anti-reflection layer is a plastic layer blended with transparent polyvinylidene fluoride and acrylic plastic, with an optical refractive index of 1.40-1.49;

The quantum dots are nanoparticles made of semiconductor materials with a diameter of 2-20nm, and the doping amount is 0.1%-2% by weight.

Quantum dots are generally spherical or quasi-spherical, and are nanoparticles made of semiconductor materials (usually composed of II B-VIB or IIIB-VB elements) with a stable diameter of 2-20nm. Quantum dots are aggregates of atoms and molecules on the nanometer scale, which can be composed of a semiconductor material, such as II.VI group elements (such as CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnSe, etc.) or III.V group elements (such as InP , InAs, etc.), can also be composed of two or more semiconductor materials.

The working principle of a solar cell is to absorb photons and generate an excited state to generate current. However, whether it is long-wave or short-wave in the sunlight band, only one photon can be generated after being absorbed by the cell, and the remaining energy can only be converted into heat energy. The role of quantum dots is to absorb and convert high-energy photons in short-wavelength light sources (300-500nm) into two low-energy photons, which not only improves photoelectric conversion efficiency, but also reduces heat generation, thereby reducing the self-heating of the battery sheet.

Preferably, the thickness of the surface protection layer is 10-50 μm; the thickness of the light anti-reflection layer is 10-50 μm; the thickness of the high light-transmitting plastic base layer is 1-5 mm.

Preferably, the high light-transmitting plastic base layer is a PMMA layer with a refractive index of 1.49, a PC layer with a refractive index of 1.59, or a PET layer with a refractive index of 1.57.

Preferably, the semiconductor material is composed of II B-VIB or IIIB-VB elements; the quantum dots are made of one or more than one semiconductor material.

Preferably, the upper packaging material layer and the lower packaging material layer are composed of EVA, PVB, ionic polymer and other polyolefin hot melt adhesives or silica gel.

Preferably, the heat-conducting particles are graphite, metal oxide, calcium oxide, nano-calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silicon carbide ceramics or aluminum silicon carbide; the metal oxide is titanium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide or Zinc oxide.

Preferably, the double-sided glass of the rear glass layer is embossed to have a spherical or polygonal surface topography, and the rear surface of the glass is vapor-deposited or sputtered with a heat dissipation layer, and the heat dissipation layer is a metal layer or a metal layer. compound layer or graphite layer.

Preferably, an anti-collision plastic frame is provided on the edge of the battery assembly, and a sealing strip is provided inside the plastic frame.

Beneficial effect:

Various materials of the solar cell module described in the present invention are considered to enhance the heat conduction function, and the overall structure is completely different from the structure of the traditional photovoltaic module. Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention include:

(1) The material layer of the front plate has the effect of anti-reflection of light, which increases the light absorbed by the battery sheet; quantum dots are added to absorb and convert short-wavelength light, so as to avoid the remaining energy converted into heat after the absorption of short-wavelength high-energy photons; the front plate The surface is made of transparent fluoroplastic, which has low surface energy (26-28 dynes), has non-adhesive properties, can effectively clean itself, and maintains good light transmittance of the front panel of the module under outdoor working conditions; the front panel is all made of high Molecular materials, lightweight;

(2) Heat transfer particles are added to the lower packaging material to effectively transfer the heat generated by the cell from the back;

(3) As the back protection material of glass, the heat transfer coefficient is several orders of magnitude higher than that of the traditional polymer material backplane, and the interior is doped with heat-conducting particles to enhance the heat conduction effect; the surface embossing increases the heat dissipation area; the glass rear surface adds a heat dissipation layer , The thermal conductivity of the back surface in contact with the air is higher, which is more conducive to the heat dissipation of the component.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the high heat dissipation solar cell module of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of described front plate material layer;

Among them, 1. Front plate material layer, 2. Upper packaging material layer, 3. Cell sheet, 4. Lower packaging material layer, 5. Rear glass layer, 6. Plastic frame, 11. Surface protection layer, 12. Light reduction Anti-layer, 13, high light-transmitting plastic base.

Detailed ways

The following examples further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention.

Example 1:

As shown in Figures 1 to 2, a high heat dissipation solar cell module includes a front plate material layer 1, an upper packaging material layer 2, a battery sheet 3, and doped with 10%-30 The lower encapsulation material layer 4 of heat-conducting particles in % by weight and the rear glass layer 5 doped with 1%-10% by weight of heat-conducting particles;

Wherein, the front plate material layer 1 includes a surface protection layer 11, a light antireflection layer 12, and a high light-transmitting plastic base layer 13 doped with quantum dots, which are stacked sequentially from top to bottom, and the surface protection layer 11 is transparent The polyvinylidene fluoride plastic layer has an optical refractive index of 1.38; the light antireflection layer 12 is a plastic layer blended with transparent polyvinylidene fluoride and acrylic plastic, and the optical refractive index is 1.40-1.49;

The quantum dots are nanoparticles made of semiconductor materials with a diameter of 2-20nm, and the doping amount is 0.1%-2% by weight.

Quantum dots are generally spherical or quasi-spherical, and are nanoparticles made of semiconductor materials (usually composed of II B-VIB or IIIB-VB elements) with a stable diameter of 2-20nm. Quantum dots are aggregates of atoms and molecules on the nanometer scale, which can be composed of a semiconductor material, such as II.VI group elements (such as CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnSe, etc.) or III.V group elements (such as InP , InAs, etc.), can also be composed of two or more semiconductor materials.

Preferably, the high light-transmitting plastic base layer 13 is a PMMA layer with a refractive index of 1.49, a PC layer with a refractive index of 1.59, or a PET layer with a refractive index of 1.57.

Preferably, the upper packaging material layer 2 and the lower packaging material layer 4 are composed of EVA, PVB, ionic polymer and other polyolefin hot-melt adhesives or silica gel.

Preferably, the heat-conducting particles are graphite, metal oxide, calcium oxide, nano-calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silicon carbide ceramics or aluminum silicon carbide; the metal oxide is titanium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide or Zinc oxide.

Preferably, the double-sided glass of the rear glass layer 5 is embossed to have a spherical or polygonal surface topography, and a heat dissipation layer is vapor-deposited or sputtered on the rear surface of the glass, and the heat dissipation layer is a metal layer or metal compound layer or graphite layer.

Preferably, an anti-collision plastic frame 6 is provided on the edge of the battery assembly, and a sealing strip is provided inside the plastic frame.

The aforementioned "high light transmittance" means that the light transmittance is above 94%, and the light reflectance is above 90%.

It should be pointed out that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments for explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. Therefore, all related works of the present invention under the spirit of the same invention Any modifications or changes should still be included in the intended protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A high heat radiation solar cell assembly, characterized in that it comprises a front plate material layer (1), an upper packaging material layer (2), a cell sheet (3), doped with 10 %-30% by weight of the lower packaging material layer (4) of heat-conducting particles and the rear glass layer (5) doped with 1%-10% by weight of heat-conducting particles; Wherein, the front plate material layer (1) includes a surface protection layer (11), a light anti-reflection layer (12) and a high light-transmitting plastic base layer (13) doped with quantum dots, which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, The surface protection layer (11) is a transparent polyvinylidene fluoride plastic layer with an optical refractive index of 1.38; the light anti-reflection layer (12) is a plastic layer blended with transparent polyvinylidene fluoride and acrylate plastics , the optical refractive index is 1.40-1.49; The quantum dots are nanoparticles made of semiconductor materials with a diameter of 2-20nm, and the doping amount is 0.1%-2% by weight. 2. The high heat dissipation solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, the thickness of the surface protection layer (11) is 10-50 μm; the thickness of the light anti-reflection layer (12) is 10-50 μm; The thickness of the high light-transmitting plastic base layer (13) is 1-5 mm. 3. The high heat dissipation solar cell assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the high light-transmitting plastic base (13) is a PMMA layer with a refractive index of 1.49 or a PC layer with a refractive index of 1.59 or a PET layer with a refractive index of 1.57. layer. 4. The high heat dissipation solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the semiconductor material is composed of IIB～VIB or IIIB～VB elements; the quantum dot is made of one or more than one semiconductor material . 5. The high heat dissipation solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, the upper layer of encapsulation material layer (2) and the lower layer of encapsulation material layer (4) are polyolefin hot-melt materials such as EVA, PVB, ion polymer, etc. Glue or silicone composition. 6. The high heat dissipation solar cell assembly according to claim 1, wherein the heat-conducting particles are graphite, metal oxide, calcium oxide, nano-calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, silicon carbide ceramics or aluminum silicon carbide; The metal oxide is titanium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide or zinc oxide. 7. The solar cell module with high heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, the thickness of the rear glass layer (5) is 1-5 mm, and the glass is embossed on both sides to have a spherical or polygonal surface topography , the rear surface of the glass is evaporated or sputtered with a heat dissipation layer, and the heat dissipation layer is a metal layer or a metal compound layer or a graphite layer. 8. The solar cell module with high heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, an anti-collision plastic frame (6) is provided on the edge of the cell module, and a sealing strip is provided inside the plastic frame.