CN104224737A - 兽医组合物 - Google Patents
兽医组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104224737A CN104224737A CN201410419782.2A CN201410419782A CN104224737A CN 104224737 A CN104224737 A CN 104224737A CN 201410419782 A CN201410419782 A CN 201410419782A CN 104224737 A CN104224737 A CN 104224737A
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Abstract
本发明涉及口腔可递送片剂形式的兽医组合物,更具体地涉及提供足够长的持续时间以允许每日施用一次的控释组合物。
Description
本申请是中国专利申请号201180011241.0(PCT/IB2011/050625),申请日2011年2月15日,发明名称为“兽医组合物”的分案申请。
发明领域
本发明涉及口腔可递送片剂形式的兽医组合物,更具体地涉及提供足够长的持续时间以允许每日施用一次的控释组合物。
发明背景
从1950年代早期以来,已经广泛研究和发展了用于药物分子的延长时间释放技术。口服控释剂型已经用于改善很多重要的人用药物的治疗,具有商业上的成功。
然而,当类似地用于犬科动物时,研制用于人的传统控释剂型并不能发挥预期的功能。与人相比,犬科动物的胃具有更强的肌肉力量。此外,犬科动物的胃肠(GI)道要短的多(约为人长度的一半);因此,GI道通过时间更短。犬科动物更强的力量和更短的GI道通过时间的组合使得为人设计的常规控释片剂不适合狗。此外,犬类动物的胃有幽门,在哺乳动物的胃上部的与小肠的第一部分连接的胃区域,而人的幽门在胃底部,如图1所示。因此,犬科动物的生理学差异要求有新的非浮力途径来实现胃滞留。控释剂型片剂必须沉到胃的底部,并且应当没有浮力或漂浮性质。在吞咽、迅速水合后,片剂的“下沉行为”对于保持片剂远离幽门口是必要的,这样就防止了它轻易在整个胃中滑动。
迄今为止,市场上没有以每日一次的给药方案给犬科动物给药的固体口服控释片剂型。因此,对研制口腔可递送片剂形式的新控释组合物的需要还未得到解决,所述组合物可以在犬科动物的胃中滞留延长的时间以进行吸收,并可以在犬科动物的胃中经受较强的肌肉力量而保存下来。本发明提供口腔可递送片剂形式的兽医组合物,其具有延长的胃滞留时间,适合犬科动物每日一次口服给药。
发明综述
本发明涉及口腔可递送片剂形式的控释兽医组合物。本发明的片剂使用高分子量或高粘度的聚合物,所述聚合物足以抵抗犬科动物胃的GI力量。在吞咽后,本发明的片剂沉到犬科动物胃的底部,并迅速水合,以提供延长的胃滞留,适合犬科动物每日一次口服-给药。
具体地,本发明的兽医组合物包含:
(a)至少一种兽用生物活性剂;
(b)粘度范围约80,000-约120,000mPa.s的聚合物,或者分子量约1,000,000-约9,000,000道尔顿的聚合物,其量为片剂总重量的约5%-约60%;和
(c)至少一种崩解剂,其量为片剂总重量的约10%-约50%。
本发明还提供制备口腔可递送片剂形式的控释兽医组合物的方法。
本发明还提供治疗患有需要至少一种生物活性剂的疾病或障碍的犬科动物的方法;所述方法包括给犬科动物口服给药口腔可递送片剂形式的兽医组合物。
附图简述
图1显示的是犬科动物的胃在胃的上部具有幽门,而人在胃的下部具有幽门。
图2显示的是实施例1和2的体外溶出曲线。
图3显示的是本发明的普瑞巴林片剂和立即释放片剂的体外溶出曲线。
图4显示的是本发明的三水合阿莫西林片剂的体外溶出曲线。
图5显示的是本发明的曲马多片剂和立即释放片剂的体外溶出曲线。
图6显示的是实施例1中化合物A在狗体内的平均血浆浓度v.时间。
图7显示的是实施例2中化合物A在狗体内的平均血浆浓度v.时间。
图8显示的是普瑞巴林在狗体内的平均血浆浓度v.时间。
图9显示的是阿莫西林在狗体内的平均血浆浓度v.时间。
图10显示的是在柠檬酸盐缓冲液的烧杯中的实施例2的非浮力性“下沉片”。
发明详述
生物活性剂
本发明适当的生物活性剂是具有足够水溶性的化合物或者其可接受的盐或前药。典型地,此处适合的生物活性剂需要大于0.1mg/mL或更高的溶解度。这里的术语“溶解度”是指在任何生理学可接受的pH和20-25℃下在水中的溶解度,例如在约3-约8范围内的任何pH。
本发明的生物活性剂可以是兽用的任何治疗剂种类,例如在MerckIndex,16th edition(2006)中所列的任何治疗剂种类,条件是所述生物活性剂具有足够的大于0.1mg/mL或更高的水溶性。此处可用的生物活性剂可以是下列治疗种类,包括但不限于,镇痛药、抗炎药、抗寄生虫药、抗蠕虫药、endectocides、止吐药、抗微生物药、抗真菌和抗病毒药、抗组胺药、抗过敏药、疼痛缓解药、镇静、安定药、呼吸兴奋药、肌肉松弛药、控制体重和减肥药、抗糖尿病药、维生素和矿物质补充药、激素类、免疫刺激剂和免疫抑制剂、帮助睡眠药、皮肤用药包括止痒药、行为矫正药、抗惊厥药及其组合。
示例性的生物活性剂的部分列举包括但不限于,柠檬酸马罗匹坦,优选商品名CereniaTM片剂;阿莫西林,优选商品名盐酸右美托咪定,优选商品名妥拉霉素,优选商品名司拉克丁,优选商品名头孢噻呋、盐酸林可霉素、曲马多、普瑞巴林、Janus激酶(JAK)抑制剂、阿司匹林、布洛芬、吗啡、大观霉素、丁丙诺啡、呋塞米、酮洛芬、马波沙星、盐酸司来吉兰&盐酸L-丙炔苯丙胺、头孢泊肟酯、酒石酸异丁嗪、泼尼松龙、克林沙星、依西太尔、三水合阿莫西林/克拉维酸钾、双氯芬酸钠、扑米酮、地拉考昔、苯海拉明、美索巴莫、氯霉素、四环素、青霉素VK、保泰松、酒石酸布托啡诺、头孢羟氨苄、羟考酮、克林霉素、琥珀酸多西拉敏、延胡索酸氨丙嗪&硫酸新霉素、异丙碘铵、碘甲腺氨酸钠、氯苯磺酸噻苯氧铵、孟德立胺&磺胺甲二唑、磺胺氯哒嗪、氯苯甘油氨酯或其组合。本发明适合联合使用的生物活性剂包括柠檬酸马罗匹坦。
本文所有的所有生物活性剂都可以通过本领域技术人员已知的方法来制备,包括在涉及所关注的特定生物活性剂的专利、公开的专利申请和其他文献中披露的方法。
本文使用的具体药物包括式I的Janus激酶(JAK)抑制剂:
或其可接受的盐,其中R1是-C1-4烷基,任选被羟基取代。具体地,本文使用的药物是N-甲基-1-{反式-4-[甲基(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)氨基]环己基}甲磺酰胺(下作化合物A)或其可接受的盐。制备式I的JAK化合物或其可接受盐的方法在U.S.专利申请12/542,451,公开号US2010/0075996中进行了描述,通过参考引入本文。本发明包含式I的JAK化合物或其可接受盐的兽医组合物可以用于治疗动物包括犬科动物的各种病症或疾病,包括变应性反应、变应性皮炎、特异性皮炎、湿疹、瘙痒和其他瘙痒病症以及炎性疾病。本发明的目的之一是使用本发明包含式I的化合物的兽医组合物来制备治疗动物包括犬科动物的各种病症或疾病包括变应性反应、变应性皮炎、特异性皮炎、湿疹、瘙痒和其他瘙痒病症以及炎性疾病的药物。本发明的另一个目的是提供一种治疗包括狗的动物的各种病症或疾病包括变应性反应、变应性皮炎、特异性皮炎、湿疹、瘙痒和其他瘙痒病症以及炎性疾病的方法,通过给需要的动物施用有效量的本发明包含式I的化合物的兽医组合物。
根据特定化合物的效力、药物的溶解性和所需的浓度,用于口服片剂形式的兽医组合物的生物活性剂的量可以不同,但是足以在一个片剂中提供每日剂量。治疗有效量的确定在本领域技术人员的能力范围内。一般而言,治疗剂的量在作为整体的片剂的0.1%-60%重量范围内。优选地,治疗剂的量在作为整体的片剂的约1%-约40%,更优选约1%-约25%,甚至更优选约2%-10%重量范围内。
片剂
本发明的口腔可递送片剂可以是任何适当的大小和形状,例如圆形、椭圆形、多角形或枕形,并任选地具有非功能性的表面印记。
本文的术语“口腔可递送”是指适合口腔,包括口服和口内(例如舌下或含服)施用,但是本发明的片剂主要适合口服施用,即用于吞咽,典型地整块或弄碎,辅以食物、水或其他可饮用液体。
本文所述的片剂的大致大小可以根据需要的狗的重量来调节。一般地,片剂的大致大小用于重约10kg(约20磅)的狗在约100mg-约1.5g,优选约250mg-约1g的范围;重约20kg(约40磅)的狗在约400mg-约3g,优选约750mg-约2g的范围;重约40kg(约80磅)的狗在约600mg-约5g,优选约1g-约3.5g的范围;重约80kg(约160磅)的狗在约1.5g-约7g,优选约2g-约5g的范围。
组合物
本文使用的聚合物可以是具有高分子量的在剂型中作为成基质剂的任何物质。术语“粘度”用于测定聚合物溶液流动的速度—溶液移动得越慢,它越粘稠—而且聚合物分子量会影响其粘度。聚合物溶液的粘度取决于溶剂和温度;在这种情况下是指2%的聚合物水溶液。具有高分子量或高粘度的聚合物足以经得起犬科动物胃的GI力并调节一种或多种生物活性剂的释放。本文使用的聚合物典型地分子量是约1,000,000-约9,000,000道尔顿,优选约2,000,000-约4,000,000道尔顿;或者典型地表观粘度是约80,000-约120,000毫帕斯卡秒(mPa.s)。人用剂型典型地使用较低分子量或较低粘度的聚合物,因为它们不会经受如犬科动物胃中所出现的升高的胃力量。因此,不使用较高分子量或较高粘度的聚合物,在人体中也很容易即可实现控释。此外,在人用剂型中使用的较低分子量或较低粘度的控释聚合物更容易水合而无需崩解剂的帮助,并且当在GI道(取决于其总长度)中时具有足够的时间来释放药物,为每日一次给药提供了共鸣时间。
本发明的这些聚合物的例子包括但不限于,甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、交联羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羧甲基淀粉、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯醇类、聚乙二醇类、甲基丙烯酸钾-二乙烯基苯共聚物、羧甲基纤维素、海藻酸盐类、白蛋白、明胶、交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚酯类、聚酐类、硬葡聚糖、聚甲基乙烯基醚/酐共聚物、葡聚糖、甘露聚糖、β环糊精以及包含直链和/或支链聚合链的环糊精衍生物,以及它们的混合物。它们都是商业上可得到的。
在一个实施方案中,本文使用的聚合物是粘度为80,000或更高的羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC),优选称作Hypermellose 2208,或基本上等价的产品。在另一个实施方案中,本文使用的聚合物是高分子量的聚氧化乙烯(PEO),优选称作Polyox WSR n-60k,或基本上等价的产品。Hypermellose 2208和Polyox WSR n-60k是市售的产品。
一般而言,本发明的组合物中聚合物的量是占作为整体的片剂的约5-约80%,优选约15%-约50%,更优选约20%-约40%重量。在Hypermellose2208的情况下,优选的量是占作为整体的片剂的约25%-约40%重量。在Polyox WSR n-60k的情况下,优选的量是占作为整体的片剂的约15%-约35%重量。
本文使用的术语“崩解剂”是指在与水接触后短时间内,典型地在60秒或更短时间内,快速膨胀、水合并改变体积或形状的物质。至少一种较高量的崩解剂存在于本发明的口服可递送片剂中。崩解剂为高分子量的聚合物提供了非常快速的膨胀作用。片剂容易吞咽,并由于在给药后水合和迅速膨胀,在胃中形成了显著更大的体积。这就抑制了片剂移动通过幽门;由此片剂滞留在了犬科动物的胃中,促成了控制释放。此外,现在片剂的“下沉行为”是可能的。图10显示的是在柠檬酸盐缓冲液的烧杯中的实施例2的组合物的非-浮力性“下沉片”。在片剂迅速膨胀后,作为使用高水平的崩解剂的结果,典型地观察到了胶凝化作用。这增加了水合且膨胀后的片剂的密度。片剂下沉到胃的底部,延长了它们的胃滞留时间。在常规的立即释放剂型中,并不需要“胶凝化现象”,因为人们知道这会导致药物释放的问题。据信,不受理论的束缚,在用高分子量聚合物配制的控释剂型中,“胶凝化现象”为胃滞留(通过胶凝化)提供了额外的益处,并改善了药物释放。这是出人意料的结果。在一个实施方案中,本文使用的崩解剂是交联羧甲基纤维素钠。在另一个实施方案中,本文使用的崩解剂是羧甲基淀粉纳。在另一个实施方案中,本文使用的崩解剂是交联聚维酮。在另一个实施方案中,本文使用的崩解剂是2-羟基丙基醚(低取代)。一般而言,本发明的崩解剂的量占作为整体的片剂的约10%-约50%,优选约10%-约40%,更优选约10%-约25%重量。
本发明的组合物还可以包含兽医可接受的赋形剂例如粘合剂、填充剂、稀释剂、水、pH缓冲剂、助流剂、粘着或抗粘着剂、成膜包衣材料、离子或肠溶性聚合物、非离子聚合物、纤维素聚合物、钙盐、共聚物、糖类、醇类、润滑剂、着色剂、稳定剂、表面活性剂、香味剂、防腐剂、抗氧化剂及其组合。
粘合剂的例子包括但不限于,微晶纤维素、预胶凝淀粉和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
稀释剂的例子包括但不限于,微晶纤维素、乳糖、磷酸二钙、甘露醇和水。
胶凝剂的例子包括但不限于,卡波姆和聚乙二醇。
肠溶性填充剂或肠溶性聚合物的例子包括但不限于,甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物、醋酞纤维素、和醋酸邻苯二甲酸羟丙基甲基纤维素。优选地,所述肠溶性填充剂或聚合物的pH范围为约5.5-9.0,更优选约pH5.5。
pH缓冲剂的例子包括但不限于,柠檬酸、柠檬酸钠和磷酸二钙。
润滑剂的例子包括但不限于,硬脂酸镁、硬脂酰醇富马酸钠和硬脂酸。
制备方法
本文所述的口服可递送片剂形式的兽医组合物可以使用本领域公知的技术来制备,例如将生物活性剂和适当的聚合物、适当的崩解剂和其他赋形剂混合。然后将该混合物混合起来或制粒,并压片,以形成片剂。在一个实施方案中,本发明的制备方法包括下列步骤:1)将所有成分称重并置于适当的容器中,2)向研钵&研棒中加入适当的稀释剂,3)混合15秒以覆盖该研钵,4)加入生物活性剂,再混合,然后将该混合物通过网筛,5)将该混合物润滑,和6)用适当压片机将润滑过的粉末混合物压成片剂。
实施例
通过参考下面非限制性的实施例1-7,通过直接压片制备的固体片剂形式来进一步理解本发明。
实施例1
成分 | mg/片 | % | 功能 | 范围% |
化合物A的马来酸盐 | 10.75* | 2.15 | 生物活性剂 | 2-40 |
微晶纤维素 | 34.25 | 6.85 | 粘合剂/填充剂 | 1-80 |
Hypromellose 2208 | 150.00 | 30.00 | 控释聚合物 | 5-60 |
交联羧甲基纤维素钠 | 50.00 | 10.00 | 崩解剂 | 10-50 |
聚甲基丙烯酸酯L100-55 | 250.00 | 50.00 | 肠溶性填充剂pH5.5 | 1-75 |
硬脂酸镁 | 5.00 | 1.00 | 润滑剂 | 0.25-2 |
总片重 | 500.00 | 100.00 |
*10.75mg的化合物A的马来酸盐是8mg的游离碱等价物。
实施例2
*10.75mg的化合物A的马来酸盐是8mg的游离碱等价物。
实施例3
成分 | mg/片 | % | 功能 | 范围% |
普瑞巴林 | 45.1* | 9.02 | 生物活性剂 | 2-40 |
微晶纤维素 | 49.9 | 9.98 | 粘合剂/填充剂 | 1-80 |
Hypromellose 2208 | 200 | 40 | 控释聚合物 | 5-60 |
交联羧甲基纤维素钠 | 50.00 | 10.00 | 崩解剂 | 10-50 |
聚甲基丙烯酸酯L100-55 | 150 | 30.00 | 肠溶性填充剂pH5.5 | 1-75 |
硬脂酸镁 | 5.00 | 1.00 | 润滑剂 | 0.25-2 |
总片重 | 500.00 | 100.00 |
*45.1mg的普瑞巴林是基于纯正等价物45mg。
实施例4
*45.1mg的普瑞巴林是基于45mg的生物活性剂的纯正等价物。
实施例5
成分 | mg/片 | % | 功能 | 范围% |
三水合阿莫西林 | 344.4* | 34.44 | 生物活性剂 | 2-40% |
微晶纤维素 | 270.6 | 27.06 | 粘合剂/填充剂 | 1-80% |
Hypromellose 2208 | 125.00 | 12.5 | 控释聚合物 | 5-60% |
羧甲基淀粉纳 | 100.00 | 10.0 | 崩解剂 | 10-50% |
聚甲基丙烯酸酯L100-55 | 150.00 | 15.00 | 肠溶性填充剂pH5.5 | 1-75% |
硬脂酸镁 | 10.00 | 1.00 | 润滑剂 | 0.25-2% |
总片重 | 1000.00 | 100.00 |
*344.4mg的三水合阿莫西林是300mg的游离碱等价物。
实施例6
*113.9mg的盐酸曲马多是100mg的游离碱等价物。
实施例7
*113.9mg的盐酸曲马多是100mg的游离碱生物活性剂。
体外溶出试验
图2-5中显示了包含生物活性剂的片剂(实施例1-7)的体外溶出释放曲线。该溶出方法是使用配有自动进样器的USP I溶出装置(Hanson SR8 plus)进行的。溶出介质由以200rpm在37±0.5℃下保持48小时的900mL柠檬酸缓冲液(pH3.6)或水组成。在第0,2,4,8,12,16,20和24小时取出1.4mL体积的样品,在第36和48小时再取出一些样品。水合后的片剂系统溶出药物并分散到整个水凝胶基质中。通过时间曲线观察到了生物活性剂的持续和可控的释放。以288nm的波长,通过UV-HPLC分析生物活性剂。
图2显示了本发明的实施例1和2的体外溶出曲线。在图2中,空心方块的线代表实施例1的体外溶出曲线。实心菱形的线代表实施例2的体外溶出曲线。化合物A的常规立即释放片剂或胶囊在柠檬酸缓冲液(pH3.6)中时,在15分钟内药物完全释放。通过本发明,可以将释放从15分钟延长到约48小时(体外)。
图3显示了普瑞巴林45mg片剂的体外溶出曲线。在图3中,实心菱形的线代表本发明的实施例3的体外溶出曲线。空心方块的线代表本发明的实施例4的体外溶出曲线。实心圆的线代表立即释放普瑞巴林胶囊的体外溶出曲线。普瑞巴林当前用于人的疼痛治疗。商品名为的普瑞巴林每天施用2或3次剂量。普瑞巴林是商业可获得的,但是狗的口服普瑞巴林的适当给药方案仍然是未知的。使用本发明的技术,可以像用于患癫痫的狗时作为抗癫痫发作选用药或作为疼痛缓解剂一样,将普瑞巴林在犬科动物中的给药频率降低到每日一次。本发明的目的之一是使用本发明的包含普瑞巴林的兽医组合物来制备治疗包括狗的动物的癫痫发作、癫痫或疼痛的药物。本发明的另一个目的是提供一种治疗包括狗的动物的癫痫发作、癫痫或疼痛的方法,包括给需要的动物施用有效量的本发明的包含普瑞巴林的兽医组合物。
图4显示了三水合阿莫西林300mg片剂的体外溶出曲线。在图4中,空心方块的线代表本发明的实施例5的体外溶出曲线。实心菱形的线代表立即释放阿莫西林片剂的体外溶出曲线。阿莫西林标示用于治疗狗的皮肤和软组织感染,例如创伤、脓疮、蜂窝组织炎以及表面(幼态)和深度脓皮病。它也标示用于由需氧和厌氧菌的易感染菌株导致的牙周感染。目前,用于犬科动物治疗的商业产品需要一天给药2次。通过控释,阿莫西林(Augmentin-XR)药品可以用于人用,仍然要求一天给药2次。使用本发明的技术,可以将狗的阿莫西林给药频率降到每日一次。本发明的目的之一是使用本发明的包含阿莫西林的兽医组合物来制备用于治疗包括狗的动物的皮肤和软组织感染,例如创伤、脓疮、蜂窝组织炎、表面(幼态)和深度脓皮病以及牙周感染的药物。本发明的另一个目的是提供一种治疗包括狗的动物的皮肤和软组织感染,例如创伤、脓疮、蜂窝组织炎、表面(幼态)和深度脓皮病以及牙周感染的方法,包括给需要的动物施用有效量的本发明包含阿莫西林的兽医组合物。
图5显示了盐酸(HCl)曲马多100mg片剂的体外溶出曲线。在图5中,实心三角的线代表本发明的实施例6的体外溶出曲线。空心方块的线代表本发明的实施例7的体外溶出曲线。实心菱形的线代表商品名为的曲马多50mg立即释放片剂的体外溶出曲线。曲马多是已经人用的疼痛缓解剂,但是也引入到了兽用领域,用于治疗狗和猫各种疼痛包括慢性疼痛和术后疼痛。将曲马多用于狗可以控制和治疗犬科动物关节炎的症状。曲马多通常所开出的处方是立即释放片剂,按需要每4-6小时施用。使用本发明的技术,可以将狗的给药频率降低至每日1次。本发明的目的之一是使用本发明的包含曲马多的兽医组合物来制备治疗包括狗的动物的各种疼痛包括慢性疼痛和术后疼痛的药物。本发明的另一个目的是提供一种治疗包括狗的动物的各种疼痛包括慢性疼痛和术后疼痛的方法,通过给需要的动物施用有效量的本发明的包含曲马多的兽医组合物。
药物代谢动力学研究
对于每日一次施用的狗而言,本发明的组合物能够延长胃滞留时间最多至16小时。在对化合物A的研究中,在犬科动物中进行平行设计的药代动力学研究,其中将本发明的组合物与立即释放制剂进行比较。各治疗组由5只雌性小猎犬组成,先让其进食,然后单次口服立即释放制剂或本发明的片剂形式的10.75mg化合物A的马来酸盐(8mg的游离碱等价物)。在给药后的72小时,在特定时间收集血样。在所有的血样收集中,确定化合物A的血浆浓度,由此评估药代动力学,数据示于图6和7中。在图6中,空心方块的线代表立即释放胶囊的血浆药物浓度-时间曲线。实心方块的线代表本发明的实施例1的化合物A的血浆药物浓度-时间曲线。从图6可以看出,与立即释放剂型(1.4h)相比,本发明的实施例1具有延长的Tmax(4.8h)。类似地,与立即释放剂型的平均滞留时间(MRT)(4.8h)相比,本发明的实施例1的平均滞留时间(MRT)更长(12h)。并且实施例1的Cmax比立即释放剂型低数倍,这样就在更长的MRT提供更长的效力持续时间的同时还提供了更大的安全裕度。在图7中,空心圆的线代表立即释放胶囊的血浆药物浓度-时间曲线。实心圆的线代表本发明的实施例2的化合物A的血浆药物浓度-时间曲线。从图7可以看出,与立即释放剂型(1.2h)相比,本发明的实施例2具有延长的Tmax(5.2h)。类似地,与立即释放剂型(4.8h)的平均滞留时间(MRT)相比,本发明的实施例2的平均滞留时间(MRT)更长(11.1h)。并且实施例2的Cmax比立即释放剂型低数倍,这样就在更长的MRT提供更长的效力持续时间的同时还提供了更大的安全裕度。
在普瑞巴林的另一个PK研究中,在犬科动物中进行平行设计的药代动力学研究,其中将本发明的组合物与立即释放制剂进行比较。各治疗组包括5只雌性小猎犬,先让其进食,然后单次口服给药立即释放制剂或本发明的片剂形式的45mg普瑞巴林。在给药后的72小时,在特定时间收集血样。在所有的血样收集中,确定普瑞巴林的血浆浓度,由此研究药代动力学,数据示于图8中。
在图8中,实心圆的线代表立即释放胶囊的血浆药物浓度-时间曲线。空心方块的线代表本发明的实施例3的普瑞巴林的血浆药物浓度-时间曲线。从图8可以看出,与立即释放剂型(1.3h)相比,本发明的实施例3具有延长的Tmax(8.0h)。类似地,与立即释放剂型的平均滞留时间(MRT)(7.27h)相比,本发明的实施例3的平均滞留时间(MRT)更长(12.4h)。并且实施例3的Cmax比立即释放剂型显著更低,这样就在更长的MRT提供更长的效力持续时间的同时还提供了更大的安全裕度。实心三角的线代表本发明的实施例4的普瑞巴林的血浆药物浓度-时间曲线。从图8可以看出,与立即释放剂型(1.3h)相比,本发明的实施例4具有延长的Tmax(4.0h)。类似地,与立即释放剂型的平均滞留时间(MRT)(7.27h)相比,本发明的实施例4的平均滞留时间(MRT)更长(10.8h)。并且实施例4的Cmax比立即释放剂型低得多,这样就在更长的MRT提供更长的效力持续时间的同时还提供了更大的安全裕度。
在阿莫西林的另一个PK研究中,在犬科动物中进行平行设计的药代动力学研究,其中将本发明的组合物与商品名为的立即释放制剂进行比较。各治疗组由5只雌性小猎犬组成,先让其进食,然后口服125mg和62.5mg剂量任一个的作为立即释放制剂或者使用本发明的片剂单次口服的300mg阿莫西林剂量。在给药后的72小时,在特定时间收集血样。在所有的血样收集中,确定阿莫西林的血浆浓度,由此研究药代动力学,数据示于图9中。
在图9中,实心三角的线代表立即释放片剂的血浆药物浓度-时间曲线。空心方块的线代表本发明的实施例5的阿莫西林的血浆药物浓度-时间曲线。从图9可以看出,与立即释放剂型(0.75h)相比,本发明的实施例5具有延长的Tmax(3.5h)。类似地,与立即释放剂型的平均滞留时间(MRT)(2.03h)相比,本发明的实施例5的平均滞留时间(MRT)更长(4.8h)。实施例5的Cmax比立即释放剂型更低,这样就在更长的MRT提供更长的效力持续时间的同时还提供了类似的暴露。
Claims (10)
1.一种口腔可递送片剂形式的控释兽医组合物,包含
(a)至少一种兽医用生物活性剂,其中所述生物活性剂选自:柠檬酸马罗匹坦,阿莫西林,盐酸右美托咪定,妥拉霉素,司拉克丁,头孢噻呋、盐酸林可霉素、普瑞巴林、阿司匹林、布洛芬、吗啡、大观霉素、丁丙诺啡、酮洛芬、马波沙星、盐酸司来吉兰和盐酸L-丙炔苯丙胺、头孢泊肟酯、酒石酸异丁嗪、泼尼松龙、克林沙星、依西太尔、三水合阿莫西林/克拉维酸钾、双氯芬酸钠、扑米酮、地拉考昔、苯海拉明、美索巴莫、氯霉素、四环素、青霉素VK、保泰松、酒石酸布托啡诺、头孢羟氨苄、羟考酮、克林霉素、琥珀酸多西拉敏、延胡索酸氨丙嗪、硫酸新霉素、异丙碘铵、碘甲腺氨酸钠、氯苯磺酸噻苯氧铵、孟德立胺、磺胺甲二唑、磺胺氯哒嗪、氯苯甘油氨酯或其组合;
(b)选自Hypromellose 2208或Polyox WSR n-60k的控释聚合物;和
(c)至少一种崩解剂,其量为片剂总重量的10%-25%。
2.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述生物活性剂的量为片剂总重量的2%-25%。
3.权利要求1的组合物,其还可以包含一种或多种pH范围为5.5-9.0的肠溶性填充剂或肠溶性聚合物。
4.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述聚合物是Hypromellose 2208。
5.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述崩解剂选自交联羧甲基纤维素钠、羧甲基淀粉纳、交联聚维酮和2-羟丙基醚(低取代)。
6.权利要求1的组合物,还包含兽医可接受的赋形剂。
7.权利要求1的组合物,其能在犬类中延长胃滞留时间最多至16小时,以用于每日一次的口服给药。
8.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述生物活性剂是莫西林或曲马多。
9.权利要求1的兽医组合物在制备治疗包括狗的动物的皮肤和软组织感染例如创伤、脓疮、蜂窝组织炎、表面(幼态)或深度脓皮病和牙周感染的药物中的应用,其中所述生物活性剂是阿莫西林。
10.权利要求1的兽医组合物在制备治疗包括狗的动物的慢性疼痛和术后疼痛的药物中的应用,其中所述生物活性剂是曲马多。
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CN108210476A (zh) * | 2016-12-19 | 2018-06-29 | 湖南尔康制药股份有限公司 | 胃滞留漂浮的氯霉素淀粉胶囊及其制备方法 |
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EP3193862B1 (en) | 2014-09-16 | 2023-10-18 | Igc Pharma Ip, Llc | Topical cannabinoid composition for treating arthritic pain |
WO2016118391A1 (en) | 2015-01-25 | 2016-07-28 | India Globalization Capital, Inc. | Composition and method for treating seizure disorders |
WO2017027651A1 (en) | 2015-08-12 | 2017-02-16 | India Globalization Capital, Inc. | Method and composition for treating cachexia and eating disorders |
WO2017142740A1 (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2017-08-24 | Zoetis Services Llc | Process for preparing 7h-pyrrolo [2, 3-d] pyrimidine compounds |
EP3470065A4 (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2020-03-18 | DS Pharma Animal Health Co. Ltd. | EXTENDED RELEASE PREPARATION COMPOSITION FOR ANIMALS |
EP3471746A4 (en) | 2016-06-15 | 2020-02-26 | India Globalization Capital, Inc. | METHOD AND COMPOSITION FOR TREATING EPILEPTIC DISORDERS |
CN106580887A (zh) * | 2017-01-02 | 2017-04-26 | 江苏恒丰强生物技术有限公司 | 马波沙星可溶性粉剂 |
JP6919119B2 (ja) * | 2017-01-23 | 2021-08-18 | 日新製薬株式会社 | 3位が置換されたγ−アミノ酪酸誘導体を含有する圧縮固形医薬組成物。 |
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- 2011-02-15 CN CN201410419782.2A patent/CN104224737A/zh active Pending
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WO2011104652A3 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
CN102781431B (zh) | 2014-08-27 |
HK1178072A1 (zh) | 2013-09-06 |
MX2012009798A (es) | 2012-09-12 |
US20120322782A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
CN102781431A (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
AU2011219452B2 (en) | 2014-05-29 |
WO2011104652A2 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
KR20120137374A (ko) | 2012-12-20 |
NZ601450A (en) | 2014-09-26 |
BR112012020989A2 (pt) | 2016-05-03 |
CA2788659C (en) | 2015-05-05 |
AR080242A1 (es) | 2012-03-21 |
AU2011219452A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
NZ629036A (en) | 2014-09-26 |
JP2011173881A (ja) | 2011-09-08 |
KR101484382B1 (ko) | 2015-01-19 |
EP2538926A2 (en) | 2013-01-02 |
CA2788659A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
US20150080361A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
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