CN104219718B - Switching method and device in satellite communication system - Google Patents
Switching method and device in satellite communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104219718B CN104219718B CN201410427852.9A CN201410427852A CN104219718B CN 104219718 B CN104219718 B CN 104219718B CN 201410427852 A CN201410427852 A CN 201410427852A CN 104219718 B CN104219718 B CN 104219718B
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
- H04B7/18539—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection
- H04B7/18541—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection for handover of resources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a switching method and a switching device in a satellite communication system. The method comprises the following steps: s10, the ground station monitors the position information of the mobile terminal; s20, when the position of the mobile terminal reaches the set area, informing the mobile terminal to monitor the signal level of the current cell and at least one adjacent cell; s30, the mobile terminal sends the signal level information of each monitored cell to the ground station; and S40, the ground station makes the switching decision of the mobile terminal and the cell according to the position information of the mobile terminal and the signal level information of each cell. The device comprises: the device comprises a position monitoring module, a signal level monitoring module and a switching module. The invention switches the satellite network by adopting the method based on the position information and the signal level, greatly improves the switching accuracy, reduces the switching delay, and has smaller system overhead in the whole switching process, thereby effectively improving the switching efficiency. The invention can be widely applied to various satellite communication systems.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a satellite communication system, and more particularly, to a switching method in satellite communication, and a switching apparatus in a satellite communication system.
Background
A cell: one beam footprint of the satellite.
SACCH: a Slow Associated Control Channel belongs to an uplink Channel and a downlink Channel and is transmitted in a point-to-point mode.
CCS: common Channel Signaling, a Signaling method in which a group of voice channels is transmitted over a high-speed data link in a time-division manner.
TCH (traffic channel): traffic Channel, transport voice and data.
Sliding the window: and the sliding window is a filter window and plays a role in reasonably sampling the measurement information.
Satellite communication has the advantages of wide coverage range, less limitation by regional conditions and the like, and a satellite network becomes a very important communication means at present and is widely concerned at home and abroad. Due to the moving process of the satellite and the mobile terminal, the relative position between the satellite and the mobile terminal changes, and the coverage area of each satellite is limited, which causes the problem of terminal-to-cell handover.
The switching method in the current satellite communication system mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that switching between two cells under the same satellite is carried out, a satellite access point initiates a switching command to a satellite terminal and waits for a set time length, and then before a switching completion message returned by the satellite terminal is received, the satellite terminal can be judged to be synchronized with a target cell, and the satellite terminal is scheduled to carry out data transmission. However, the method has the problem of inaccurate handover, thereby causing call interruption or influencing the handover quality.
Method 2 proposes a backup method for switching satellite networks based on active neighbor selection, which, when a current serving satellite monitors that a mobile terminal is likely to be handed over, informing all the neighbor satellites to monitor the power value of the mobile terminal, monitoring the power value of the mobile terminal again by all the neighbor satellites after waiting for a period of time, subtracting the results of two-time monitoring of each neighbor satellite of the current service satellite to obtain a power difference value set, then taking the satellites with the power difference values of which the median values are larger than a preset threshold value as candidate satellites, and backing up some important information of the mobile terminal to the candidate satellites in advance, therefore, when the mobile terminal actually crosses the zone, the mobile terminal can be connected with the satellite providing the service in time by using the backup information, the probability of communication interruption in the process of cross-zone switching is reduced, and the communication quality of the user is guaranteed. However, the method needs to perform communication between the neighbor satellite and the current satellite for many times, and has the problems of high cost, long switching time and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a handover method that effectively improves handover efficiency in a satellite communication system and has a small system overhead.
In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a handover apparatus that effectively improves handover efficiency in a satellite communication system and has a small system overhead.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method of handoff in a satellite communication system, comprising the steps of:
s10, the ground station monitors the position information of the mobile terminal;
s20, when the position of the mobile terminal reaches the set area, informing the mobile terminal to monitor the signal level of the current cell and at least one adjacent cell;
s30, the mobile terminal sends the signal level information of each monitored cell to the ground station;
and S40, the ground station makes the switching decision of the mobile terminal and the cell according to the position information of the mobile terminal and the signal level information of each cell.
Preferably, the step S40 includes the sub-steps of:
s41, the ground station monitors whether the position information of the mobile terminal reaches the optimal switching areaB x And cell signal level information;
s42, when the mobile terminal position information enters the optimum handover area, the cell with the highest signal level is selected as the handover target cell.
Preferably, the optimal handover area of step S42B x Is composed ofWherein L ismaxIs the distance from the center of the current cell to the center of the neighboring cell, LmaxThe/2 is the position of the middle point from the center of the current cell to the center of the adjacent cell,is the set deviation value.
Preferably, the step S20 includes the sub-steps of:
s21, when the ground station monitors that the position of the mobile terminal reaches a set area, the ground station informs the mobile terminal to monitor the signal levels of the current cell and at least one adjacent cell through a SACCH channel;
the mobile terminal monitors the signal levels of the current cell and at least one neighboring cell through the CCS channel S22.
Preferably, the step S30 specifically includes: the mobile terminal periodically transmits the monitored signal level information of each cell to the ground station through the SACCH channel.
Preferably, the step S30 includes the sub-steps of:
s31, the mobile terminal performs measurement sampling on the signal level information of each cell through a sliding window;
s32, the mobile terminal periodically transmits the signal level information of each cell to the ground station through the SACCH channel.
Preferably, the step S10 includes the sub-steps of:
s11, establishing a coordinate system in the space where the satellite communication system is located;
s12, acquiring the satellite position S of the satellite in the coordinate system;
s13, obtaining Doppler frequency shift f from satellite to mobile terminald1And a time delay tdObtaining the Doppler frequency shift f of the satellite in the satellite motion directiond；
S14, according to S, fd1、td、fdAnd the mobile terminal position P, calculating the mobile terminal position P;
the steps S12 and S13 are not in sequence.
Preferably, it is characterized in that it further comprises the steps of:
s50, allocating a new TCH channel in the target cell, and the ground station indicating the mobile terminal to switch to the new TCH channel through the SACCH channel;
s60, the mobile terminal switches to a new TCH channel and informs the LES of successfully receiving the switching command on the new TCH channel through the SACCH channel;
s70, the ground station receives the confirmation message through SACCH channel and releases old TCH channel.
A switching device within a satellite communication system, comprising:
the position monitoring module is arranged on the ground station and used for monitoring the position information of the mobile terminal;
the signal level monitoring module is used for monitoring the signal levels of the current cell and at least one adjacent cell according to the command of the ground station;
and the switching module is used for receiving the position information of the mobile terminal of the position monitoring module and the signal level information of each cell of the signal level monitoring module and making a switching decision of the mobile terminal and the cell according to the information.
Preferably, the switching module includes:
the position judgment submodule is used for judging whether the position information of the mobile terminal enters the optimal switching area; and
and the target cell selection submodule is used for comparing the signal levels of all the cells and selecting the cell with the highest signal level as a switching target cell when the position information of the mobile terminal enters the optimal switching area.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the switching method in the satellite communication system performs satellite network switching by adopting a method based on the position information and the signal level, so that the switching accuracy is greatly improved, the switching delay is reduced, the system overhead in the whole switching process is smaller, and the switching efficiency is effectively improved.
The switching device in the satellite communication system respectively monitors the position information of the mobile terminal and the signal level information of each cell by adopting the position monitoring module and the signal level monitoring module, and performs satellite network switching according to the information, so that the switching accuracy is greatly improved, the switching delay is reduced, the system overhead in the whole switching process is smaller, and the switching efficiency is effectively improved.
Drawings
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture for handoff of a mobile terminal according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position relationship of the system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a switching device in a satellite communication system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a handover method in a satellite communication system is described, and a detailed implementation procedure of each step is described below.
S10, the ground station monitors the position information of the mobile terminal; the method comprises the following substeps:
s11, establishing a coordinate system in the space where the satellite communication system is located;
s12, acquiring the satellite position S of the satellite in the coordinate system;
s13, obtaining Doppler frequency shift f from satellite to mobile terminald1And a time delay tdObtaining the Doppler frequency shift f of the satellite in the satellite motion directiond；
S14, according to S, fd1、td、fdAnd the mobile terminal position P, calculating the mobile terminal position P;
the steps S12 and S13 are not in sequence.
The following describes a method for acquiring location information of a mobile terminal by taking an example of establishing a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system in a satellite communication system in fig. 2:
and S11, establishing a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system (X, Y, Z) in the space where the satellite communication system is located. The center of the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is the earth center O, and the (Y, Z) plane is the satellite movementThe orbital plane, i.e., the component of the satellite in the X-axis direction, is 0. Wherein the mobile terminal is located at P (x) in the coordinate systemp,yp,zp) Where the satellite is located at point S (x)s,ys,zs) Here, the satellite moving speed is v. SP is a connecting line between the satellite position S and the mobile terminal position P, SO is a connecting line between the satellite position and the origin, and the value of SO is a constant value (R + H), wherein R is the radius of the earth, and H is the height of the satellite from the ground. C is a point which extends the distance of R + H from S along the satellite moving direction, SC is a connecting line between the satellite position S and the point C, theta is an included angle between the satellite moving direction and SP, and gamma is an included angle between a connecting line SO of the satellite position and the origin and the Z axis.
S12, acquiring the satellite position S of the satellite in the coordinate system;
s13, obtaining Doppler frequency shift f from satellite to mobile terminald1And a time delay tdObtaining the Doppler frequency shift f of the satellite in the satellite motion directiond；
S14, according to S, fd1、td、fdAnd the mobile terminal position P, calculating the mobile terminal position P; the steps S12 and S13 are not in sequence. The satellite position S may be obtained first, or other values may be obtained first.
The coordinate system in step S11 is a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with the earth center as the origin O, and the coordinates of the satellite position S in step S12 are (x)s,ys,zs) The coordinates of the terminal position P in step S5 are (x)p,yp,zp). The satellite position S is located on a YZ plane formed by Y-axis and Z-axis of the coordinate system, and the step S12 includes the sub-steps of:
acquiring an included angle gamma between a connecting line SO of the satellite position and an origin and a Z axis, the height H of the satellite from the ground and the radius R of the earth; the value of gamma may be obtained by a satellite earth station.
According to the relational expression
The satellite position S (x) is calculateds,ys,zs）。
The step S40 includes the sub-steps of:
according to a first relation:
，
calculating an included angle theta between the satellite moving direction and SP, wherein SP is a connecting line of a satellite position S and a mobile terminal position P; wherein f isd1、td、fdThe value of (c) can be measured by a satellite earth station.
From the relationship between angle θ and point S, P, C, a second relationship can be derived:
where C is a point extending from S by a distance of R + H in the satellite moving direction and its position (x)c,yc,zc) Satisfy the relation:
SC is the line between the satellite position S and the point C,
a third relation is satisfied for the component of SP in the X-axis direction:
the component of SC in the x-axis direction satisfies the fourth relation:
for the component of SP in the Y-axis direction, the fifth relation is satisfied:
the component of SC in the Y-axis direction satisfies the sixth relation:
for the component of SP in the Z-axis direction, a seventh relation is satisfied:
the component of SC in the Z-axis direction satisfies the eighth relation:
；
according to the time delay t from the mobile terminal to the satellitedThe relationship with distance yields a ninth relationship:
wherein c is the speed of light;
obtaining a tenth relational expression according to the mobile terminal on the ground:
；
calculating to obtain a terminal position P (x) according to the first to tenth relational expressionsp,yp,zp）。
Wherein at satellite position S (x)s,ys,zs），θ，C（xc,yc,zc) When the values of (A) are known or obtained, the third to eighth relational expressions are substituted into the second relational expression, and then the third relational expression and the ninth relational expression and the tenth relational expression are used to obtain three unknown variables xp、yp、zpThereby obtaining a mobile terminal position P (x)p,yp,zp）。
The embodiment of step S10 above realizes accurate positioning of the position information of the mobile terminal by using the known position and information in the satellite system and the relationship between the position and information, without setting a positioning device in the mobile terminal, thereby saving cost and better meeting the application environment which has high real-time requirement and cannot be sensed by the mobile terminal.
Step S20, when the position of the mobile terminal reaches the set area, the mobile terminal is informed to monitor the signal level of the current cell and at least one adjacent cell; the set area may be set according to the situation that the coverage area of each satellite beam is different, and is generally a vicinity area centered on the center point of the intersection area of two cells. Step S20 further includes the sub-steps of:
s21, when the ground station monitors that the position of the mobile terminal reaches a set area, the ground station informs the mobile terminal to monitor the signal levels of the current cell and at least one adjacent cell through a SACCH channel;
the mobile terminal monitors the signal levels of the current cell and at least one neighboring cell through the CCS channel S22.
Step S30, the mobile terminal sends the signal level information of each monitored cell to the ground station; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the mobile terminal periodically transmits the monitored signal level information of each cell to the ground station through the SACCH channel. The method comprises the following substeps:
s31, the mobile terminal performs measurement sampling on the signal level information of each cell through a sliding window; a sliding window is applied to measure the samples to reduce the effect of multipath effects on the signal level. The number of average samples is chosen to be 10 so that the window length is much shorter than the cell switching time.
S32, the mobile terminal periodically transmits the signal level information of each cell to the ground station through the SACCH channel.
And step S40, the ground station makes the switching decision of the mobile terminal and the cell according to the position information of the mobile terminal and the signal level information of each cell. The method comprises the following substeps:
s41, the ground station monitors whether the position information of the mobile terminal reaches the optimal switching areaB x And cell signal level information;
s42, when the mobile terminal position information enters the optimum handover area, the cell with the highest signal level is selected as the handover target cell.
Step S42 indicating the optimal handover areaB x And can be specifically set as needed, in this embodiment,B x is set asWherein L ismaxIs the distance from the center of the current cell to the center of the neighboring cell, LmaxThe/2 is the position of the middle point from the center of the current cell to the center of the adjacent cell,for a set deviation value, hereHas a value of. If the terminal position is locatedB x In the region, the signal level difference should satisfy the following condition:
wherein,is the difference between the current cell and the target cell signal,for the optimal switching regionB x The maximum signal difference between the signals of the current cell and the target cell.
The ground station generates an optional target cell list according to the received signal level information of each cell, wherein the optional target cell list comprises the following information: average received signal level of the current serving cell, received signal levels of surrounding cells, power budget, etc. And the cells in the selectable cell list are arranged in descending order according to the received signal levels of the surrounding cells. And the ground station selects one cell with the highest signal level from the selectable list as a target cell for switching by comparing the signal levels received by different cells in the selectable list with the position information of the mobile terminal.
After the target cell is selected, the specific handover process includes the steps of:
s50, allocating a new TCH channel in the target cell, and the ground station indicating the mobile terminal to switch to the new TCH channel through the SACCH channel;
s60, the mobile terminal switches to a new TCH channel and informs the LES of successfully receiving the switching command on the new TCH channel through the SACCH channel;
s70, the ground station receives the confirmation message through SACCH channel and releases old TCH channel.
A switching device in a satellite communication system is shown in fig. 3, and its principle and function correspond to a switching method in a satellite communication system, which will not be described herein in detail.
The invention switches the satellite network by adopting the method based on the position information and the signal level, greatly improves the switching accuracy, reduces the switching delay, and has smaller system overhead in the whole switching process, thereby effectively improving the switching efficiency.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method of handoff in a satellite communication system, comprising the steps of:
s10, the ground station monitors the position information of the mobile terminal;
s20, when the position of the mobile terminal reaches the set area, informing the mobile terminal to monitor the signal level of the current cell and at least one adjacent cell;
s30, the mobile terminal sends the signal level information of each monitored cell to the ground station;
s40, the ground station makes the switching decision of the mobile terminal and the cell according to the position information of the mobile terminal and the signal level information of each cell;
the step S40 includes the sub-steps of:
s41, the ground station monitors whether the position information of the mobile terminal reaches the optimal switching area BxAnd cell signal level information;
s42, when the position information of the mobile terminal enters the optimum switching area, selecting the cell with the highest signal level as the switching target cell;
step S42 indicating the optimal handover area BxIs [ L ]max/2-Δx,Lmax/2+Δx]Wherein L ismaxIs the distance from the center of the current cell to the center of the neighboring cell, LmaxThe position of the middle point from the center of the current cell to the center of the adjacent cell is/2, and the delta x is a set deviation value;
the step S10 includes the sub-steps of:
s11, establishing a coordinate system in the space where the satellite communication system is located;
s12, acquiring the satellite position S of the satellite in the coordinate system;
s13, obtaining Doppler frequency shift f from satellite to mobile terminald1And a time delay tdObtaining the Doppler frequency shift f of the satellite in the satellite motion directiond；
S14, according to S, fd1、td、fdAnd the mobile terminal position P, calculating the mobile terminal position P;
the steps S12 and S13 are not in sequence.
2. The handover method according to claim 1, wherein the step S20 comprises the sub-steps of:
s21, when the ground station monitors that the position of the mobile terminal reaches a set area, the ground station informs the mobile terminal to monitor the signal levels of the current cell and at least one adjacent cell through a SACCH channel;
the mobile terminal monitors the signal levels of the current cell and at least one neighboring cell through the CCS channel S22.
3. The handover method according to claim 1, wherein the step S30 specifically comprises: the mobile terminal periodically transmits the monitored signal level information of each cell to the ground station through the SACCH channel.
4. A handover method in a satellite communication system according to claim 3, wherein the step S30 comprises the sub-steps of:
s31, the mobile terminal performs measurement sampling on the signal level information of each cell through a sliding window;
s32, the mobile terminal periodically transmits the signal level information of each cell to the ground station through the SACCH channel.
5. A method of handover in a satellite communication system according to any of claims 1 to 4, further comprising the steps of:
s50, allocating a new TCH channel in the target cell, and the ground station indicating the mobile terminal to switch to the new TCH channel through the SACCH channel;
s60, the mobile terminal switches to a new TCH channel and informs the LES of successfully receiving the switching command on the new TCH channel through the SACCH channel;
s70, the ground station receives the confirmation message through SACCH channel and releases old TCH channel.
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