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CN104201654A - Battery pack balance protecting system and method - Google Patents

Battery pack balance protecting system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104201654A
CN104201654A CN201410457924.4A CN201410457924A CN104201654A CN 104201654 A CN104201654 A CN 104201654A CN 201410457924 A CN201410457924 A CN 201410457924A CN 104201654 A CN104201654 A CN 104201654A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery
lithium
protection
discharge
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201410457924.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李玉峰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ANHUI LONG VOLT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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ANHUI LONG VOLT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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Application filed by ANHUI LONG VOLT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Co Ltd filed Critical ANHUI LONG VOLT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Co Ltd
Priority to CN201410457924.4A priority Critical patent/CN104201654A/en
Publication of CN104201654A publication Critical patent/CN104201654A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery pack balance protecting system and method. The battery pack balance protecting system comprises a lithium battery pack, a control circuit, a main circuit and shunt discharging subcircuits. The main circuit is connected with the control circuit through a charging control switching element and a discharging control switching element. The shunt discharging subcircuits are connected to the control circuit. Single lithium batteries in the lithium battery pack are in series connection. The control circuit comprises over-current detection protecting resistors, lithium battery protecting chips, an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) used for charging control and an MOS used for discharging control. Pins CO of the single lithium battery protecting chips of the lithium battery pack are connected to the MOS used for charging control, respectively. Pins DO of the lithium battery protecting chips are connected to the MOS used for discharging control, respectively. Pins VM of the lithium battery protecting chips are connected to the main circuit through the over-current detection protecting resistors. Shunt discharging subcircuits of the lithium batteries are in series connection to pins VDD and pins VSS of the corresponding lithium battery protecting chips.

Description

A kind of battery pack balancing protection system and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to power safety technique field, relate in particular to a kind of battery pack balancing protection system and method.
Background technology
In battery pack, between each cell, there is inconsistency, the difference that continuous charge and discharge cycles causes, to make the capacity of some cell accelerate decay, the capacity of series battery be determined by the minimum capacity of cell, so these differences will shorten the useful life of battery pack.Cause this unbalanced main cause to have: in battery manufacturing process, due to reasons such as techniques, the capacity of same batch battery, internal resistance etc. there are differences; The difference of self-discharge of battery rate, accumulates for a long time, causes the difference of battery capacity; In battery use procedure, environment for use, as the difference of temperature, circuit board, causes the imbalance of battery capacity; Before battery combination, due to the imperfection of screening principle, the imbalance between the battery cell causing.Conventional balance charge/discharge technology has constant shunt resistance balance charge/discharge, break-make shunt resistance balance charge/discharge, average battery voltage balance charge/discharge, switching capacity balance charge/discharge, buck convertor balance charge/discharge, inductance balance charge/discharge etc.And protection chip in existing single-lithium-battery pond is not all controlled function containing balance charge/discharge; Multisection lithium battery protective core chip equalization charging control function needs cpu peripheral; by realizing with the serial communication (as I2C bus) of protection chip, complexity and the design difficulty of protective circuit, the efficiency that has reduced system and reliability, the power consumption that increased have been strengthened.
Summary of the invention
For correlative technology field document and above the deficiencies in the prior art, in a large amount of existing literature research and long-term on the basis of association area Development Practice, the present invention proposes " a kind of battery pack balancing protection system and method ", overcome in prior art and " for ternary lithium battery, used in groups, each saves lithium battery and all requires the overvoltage of charging, electric discharge under voltage, overcurrent, the protection of short circuit, in charge and discharge process, to realize the problem of whole Battery pack balance charge/discharge " etc. technical barrier, designed the battery pack protective circuit containing balanced charge-discharge function that adopts single-lithium-battery pond protection chip to protect the lithium battery in groups of any serial number, realize and " effectively to have avoided causing cell to overcharge or the phenomenon of over-discharge can because of the performance difference between battery pack, improved to greatest extent reliability and the energy conversion efficiency of system " beneficial effect.
For achieving the above object; the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a kind of battery pack balancing protection system; this system lithium battery group, control circuit, main circuit and shunting discharge paths; described main circuit is connected with control circuit with discharge control switch device by charging control switch device; shunting discharge paths is connected to control circuit, and the single-lithium-battery pond of lithium battery group is connected in series.Described shunting discharge paths comprises the shunting discharge paths control switching device of charging overvoltage shunting discharge paths resistance and series connection with it.Described control circuit comprises over-current detection protective resistance, Li battery protection IC, charging control metal-oxide-semiconductor and control of discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor; the CO pin of each Li battery protection IC of described lithium battery group is connected respectively to charging control metal-oxide-semiconductor; the DO pin of each Li battery protection IC is connected respectively to control of discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor; after the VM pin series connection over-current detection protective resistance of each battery protection chip, be connected on main circuit, the shunting discharge paths of each lithium battery is connected in series between the VDD pin and VSS pin of corresponding Li battery protection IC.Described Li battery protection IC is connected in series by bus, respectively the discharging and recharging of corresponding single-lithium-battery pond, overcurrent, short-circuit condition is protected.Described Li battery protection IC is controlled the break-make of shunting discharge paths switching device.Charging voltage protection control signal output in parallel after light-coupled isolation of described single-lithium-battery pond protection chip, for the charge switch break-over of device of main circuit provides grid step voltage.Discharge voltage protection control signal output in parallel after light-coupled isolation of described single-lithium-battery pond protection chip, for the discharge switch break-over of device of main circuit provides grid step voltage.
A kind of battery pack balancing guard method comprises the following steps: step 1, when part single-lithium-battery pond is in charging process, reach overvoltage protection state, the shunting discharge paths that is connected in parallel on battery plus-negative plate two ends, single-lithium-battery pond by overvoltage protection signal controlling is discharged, and the corresponding single-lithium-battery pond dialysis being connected in charge circuit is gone out to charge circuit simultaneously; When all single-lithium-batteries pond bulk charge enters overvoltage protection state, all single-lithium-battery cell voltage size is completely equal in error range, each saves the equal step-down of Li battery protection IC charge protection control signal, cannot provide grid bias for the charging control switch device in main circuit, make its shutoff, major loop disconnects, and realizes equalizing charge, and charging process completes; Step 2, when part single-lithium-battery pond under voltage or overcurrent and short circuit; corresponding single-lithium-battery tank discharge protection control signal step-down, cannot provide grid bias for the discharge control switch device in main circuit, makes its shutoff; major loop disconnects, and finishes the use procedure of discharging.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: protection chip in single-lithium-battery pond is used according to the series connection of ternary lithium battery Battery pack number, discharging and recharging corresponding single-lithium-battery pond respectively, overcurrent, short-circuit condition is protected, simultaneously by the break-make of protection chip controls shunting discharge paths switching device, and then realize the balance charge/discharge of BMS lithium electricity intelligent management unit, this kind of cell equalizing protecting circuit effectively avoided causing cell to overcharge or the phenomenon of over-discharge can because of the performance difference between battery pack, reliability and the energy conversion efficiency of system have been improved to greatest extent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the lithium battery group baffle schematic diagram that possesses balance protection of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the charging process schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is that the loading sharing of the specific embodiment of the invention is crossed schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the discharge process schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Contrast accompanying drawing below, by the description to embodiment, to the specific embodiment of the present invention as related control system, mutual annexation, and implementation method, be described in further detail, to help those skilled in the art to have more complete, accurate and deep understanding to inventive concept of the present invention, technical scheme.
A kind of battery pack balancing protection system; this system lithium battery group, control circuit, main circuit and shunting discharge paths; described main circuit is connected with control circuit with discharge control switch device by charging control switch device; shunting discharge paths is connected to control circuit, and the single-lithium-battery pond of lithium battery group is connected in series.Described shunting discharge paths comprises the shunting discharge paths control switching device of charging overvoltage shunting discharge paths resistance and series connection with it.Described control circuit comprises over-current detection protective resistance, Li battery protection IC, charging control metal-oxide-semiconductor and control of discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor; the CO pin of each Li battery protection IC of described lithium battery group is connected respectively to charging control metal-oxide-semiconductor; the DO pin of each Li battery protection IC is connected respectively to control of discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor; after the VM pin series connection over-current detection protective resistance of each battery protection chip, be connected on main circuit, the shunting discharge paths of each lithium battery is connected in series between the VDD pin and VSS pin of corresponding Li battery protection IC.Described Li battery protection IC is connected in series by bus, respectively the discharging and recharging of corresponding single-lithium-battery pond, overcurrent, short-circuit condition is protected.Described Li battery protection IC is controlled the break-make of shunting discharge paths switching device.Charging voltage protection control signal output in parallel after light-coupled isolation of described single-lithium-battery pond protection chip, for the charge switch break-over of device of main circuit provides grid step voltage.Discharge voltage protection control signal output in parallel after light-coupled isolation of described single-lithium-battery pond protection chip, for the discharge switch break-over of device of main circuit provides grid step voltage.
For ternary lithium battery, use in groups; each saves lithium battery all require the to charge protection of overvoltage, electric discharge under voltage, overcurrent, short circuit; in charge and discharge process, to realize the problem of whole Battery pack balance charge/discharge, design the battery pack protective circuit containing balanced charge-discharge function that adopts single-lithium-battery pond protection chip to protect the lithium battery in groups of any serial number.
Lithium battery group cell equalizing protecting circuit basic functional principle as shown in Figure 1.Wherein: 1 is single-unit lithium ion battery; 2 is charging overvoltage shunting discharge paths resistance; 3 is shunting discharge paths control switching device; 4 is over-current detection protective resistance; 5 divide for abridged Li battery protection IC and circuit connecting section; 6 is single-lithium-battery pond protection chip (generally comprise charging and control pin CO, control of discharge pin DO, discharge over-current and short-circuit detecting pin VM, battery anode VDD, battery negative terminal VSS etc.); 7 drive charging control metal-oxide-semiconductor grid in main circuit for charging overvoltage protection signal forms relation in parallel after light-coupled isolation; 8 drive control of discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor grid in main circuit for electric discharge under voltage, overcurrent, short-circuit protection signal form series relationship after light-coupled isolation; 9 is charging control switch device; 10 is discharge control switch device; 11 is control circuit; 12 is main circuit; 13 is shunting discharge paths.Protection core number in single-lithium-battery pond determines according to lithium battery Battery pack number, and series connection is used, respectively to the discharging and recharging of corresponding single-lithium-battery pond, overcurrent, short-circuit condition protect.This system is in charge protection, and the break-make of shunting discharge paths switching device by protection chip controls realizes balance charge/discharge.When lithium battery group is charged, external power supply both positive and negative polarity connects respectively battery pack both positive and negative polarity BAT+ and BAT-two ends, charging current flow through single-lithium-battery pond 1~N in battery anode BAT+, battery pack, discharge control switch device, charging control switch device, battery pack negative pole BAT-, current direction as shown in Figure 2.
The charging overvoltage protection control signal of control circuit part single-lithium-battery pond protection chip output in parallel after light-coupled isolation in system, for the conducting of charge switch device in main circuit provides grid voltage; As a certain joint or a few joint lithium battery are introduced into overvoltage protection state in charging process; the shunting discharge paths that is connected in parallel on single-lithium-battery pond positive and negative end by overvoltage protection signal controlling is discharged, and the corresponding single lithium battery dialysis being serially connected in charge circuit is gone out to charge circuit simultaneously.
During lithium battery group serial connection charge, ignore other impact of single battery capacity difference, the general less battery of internal resistance is first full of.Now, the switching device of corresponding overvoltage protection signal controlling shunting discharge paths is closed, a shunt resistance in the parallel connection of primary cell two ends.According to the PNGV equivalent-circuit model of battery, the load in the single-lithium-battery pond that now diverter branch resistance is equivalent to first be full of, this battery, by its electric discharge, maintains near the minimum scope of full state battery terminal voltage.Suppose the 1st joint lithium battery first charged, enter overvoltage protection state, main circuit and shunting discharge paths in current direction as shown in Figure 3.When all single battery bulk charges enter overvoltage protection state; all single-lithium-battery cell voltage size is completely equal in error range; the equal step-down of each joint protection chip charge protection control signal; cannot provide grid bias for the charging control switch device in main circuit; make its shutoff; major loop disconnects, and realizes equalizing charge, and charging process completes.
When battery power discharge, external load connects respectively battery pack both positive and negative polarity BAT+ and BAT-two ends, discharging current flow through N~1, single-lithium-battery pond and battery anode BAT+ in battery pack negative pole BAT-, charging control switch device, discharge control switch device, battery pack, current direction as shown in Figure 3.Electric discharge under voltage protection, overcurrent and the short-circuit protection control signal of the control circuit part single-lithium-battery pond protection chip output of connecting after light-coupled isolation in system, for the conducting of discharge switch device in main circuit provides grid voltage; Once battery pack runs into the special circumstances such as single-lithium-battery pond under voltage or overcurrent and short circuit in discharge process; corresponding single-lithium-battery tank discharge protection control signal step-down; cannot provide grid bias for the discharge control switch device in main circuit; make its shutoff; major loop disconnects, and finishes the use procedure of discharging.
Protection chip in single-lithium-battery pond is used according to the series connection of ternary lithium battery Battery pack number; respectively the discharging and recharging of corresponding single-lithium-battery pond, overcurrent, short-circuit condition are protected; simultaneously by the break-make of protection chip controls shunting discharge paths switching device; and then realize the balance charge/discharge of BMS lithium electricity intelligent management unit; this kind of cell equalizing protecting circuit effectively avoided, because the performance difference between battery pack causes cell to overcharge or the phenomenon of over-discharge can, having improved to greatest extent reliability and the energy conversion efficiency of system.
Professional can also further recognize, the execution step of describing in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein, can realize with electronic hardware, computer software or the combination of the two, these functions are carried out with hardware or software mode actually, depend on application-specific and the design constraint of technical scheme.Professional and technical personnel can specifically should be used for realizing described function with distinct methods to each, but this realization should not thought and exceeds scope of the present invention.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment; do not departing under spirit of the present invention and real situation thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art can make according to the present invention various corresponding changes and distortion; these are tackled mutually the modification that the present invention carries out or are equal to replacement, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the scope of claim protection of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a battery pack balancing protection system; it is characterized in that: this system comprises lithium battery group, control circuit, main circuit and shunting discharge paths; described main circuit is connected with control circuit with discharge control switch device by charging control switch device respectively; shunting discharge paths is connected to control circuit, and the single-lithium-battery pond of lithium battery group is connected in series.
2. battery pack balancing protection system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described shunting discharge paths comprises the shunting discharge paths control switching device of charging overvoltage shunting discharge paths resistance and series connection with it.
3. battery pack balancing protection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described control circuit comprises over-current detection protective resistance, Li battery protection IC, charging is controlled with metal-oxide-semiconductor and control of discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor, the CO pin of each single-lithium-battery pond protection chip of described lithium battery group is connected respectively to charging control metal-oxide-semiconductor, the DO pin of Li battery protection IC is connected respectively to control of discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor, after the VM pin series connection over-current detection protective resistance of Li battery protection IC, be connected on main circuit, the shunting discharge paths of lithium battery is connected in series between the VDD pin and VSS pin of corresponding Li battery protection IC.
4. battery pack balancing protection system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: between described Li battery protection IC, by bus, be connected in series, respectively the discharging and recharging of corresponding single-lithium-battery pond, overcurrent, short-circuit condition protected.
5. battery pack balancing protection system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described Li battery protection IC is controlled the break-make of corresponding shunting discharge paths switching device.
6. battery pack balancing protection system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: charging voltage protection control signal output in parallel after light-coupled isolation of described single-lithium-battery pond protection chip, and for the charge switch break-over of device of main circuit provides grid step voltage.
7. battery pack balancing protection system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: discharge voltage protection control signal output in parallel after light-coupled isolation of described single-lithium-battery pond protection chip, and for the discharge switch break-over of device of main circuit provides grid step voltage.
8. according to the battery pack balancing guard method described in claim 1 to 7 any one, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, when part single-lithium-battery pond is in charging process, reach overvoltage protection state, the shunting discharge paths that is connected in parallel on battery plus-negative plate two ends, single-lithium-battery pond by overvoltage protection signal controlling is discharged, and the corresponding single-lithium-battery pond dialysis being connected in charge circuit is gone out to charge circuit simultaneously; When all single-lithium-batteries pond bulk charge enters overvoltage protection state, all single-lithium-battery cell voltage size is completely equal in error range, each saves the equal step-down of Li battery protection IC charge protection control signal, cannot provide grid bias for the charging control switch device in main circuit, make its shutoff, major loop disconnects, and realizes equalizing charge, and charging process completes;
Step 2, when part single-lithium-battery pond under voltage or overcurrent and short circuit; corresponding single-lithium-battery tank discharge protection control signal step-down, cannot provide grid bias for the discharge control switch device in main circuit, makes its shutoff; major loop disconnects, and finishes the use procedure of discharging.
CN201410457924.4A 2014-09-10 2014-09-10 Battery pack balance protecting system and method Pending CN104201654A (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105429108A (en) * 2015-10-12 2016-03-23 丹东思诚科技有限公司 Overcharge and over-discharge protection circuit of series-connected lead acid battery pack
CN106877456A (en) * 2017-04-10 2017-06-20 王振 A kind of electric vehicle power sources system
CN107332319A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-11-07 努比亚技术有限公司 Battery protecting circuit, battery and terminal
CN107895976A (en) * 2017-10-11 2018-04-10 惠州市和京新能源科技有限公司 A kind of lithium battery equalization charging circuit
CN107968556A (en) * 2017-12-13 2018-04-27 重庆菲力斯特科技有限公司 DC high-voltage power supply step-down device, method, DC high-voltage power supply and application thereof
CN109742828A (en) * 2019-03-12 2019-05-10 杭州微慕科技有限公司 It is a kind of that method and its circuit are put based on ups serial lithium battery
WO2019095684A1 (en) * 2017-11-20 2019-05-23 莱克电气股份有限公司 Asic chip system for protecting and controlling lithium battery
CN110165718A (en) * 2018-02-12 2019-08-23 上海晴鹏能源科技有限公司 A kind of non-maintaining lithium battery management system with active-passive equilibrium
CN110460133A (en) * 2019-09-03 2019-11-15 四川四美科技有限公司 A kind of balanced charging method of battery
CN111181224A (en) * 2020-02-24 2020-05-19 彭琦 Charging system for multi-section series battery pack and charging method thereof
CN111600354A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-08-28 桑顿新能源科技(长沙)有限公司 Grouping protection system for batteries used in echelon and battery pack forming method
CN113437442A (en) * 2021-07-16 2021-09-24 湖北睿赛新能源科技有限公司 General series-parallel connection architecture of lithium battery pack

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US20070164709A1 (en) * 2004-06-16 2007-07-19 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Battery pack protection circuit and battery pack
CN201699401U (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-01-05 山东上存能源股份有限公司 Protection circuit for power lithium-ion battery
CN102545335A (en) * 2012-01-16 2012-07-04 海能达通信股份有限公司 Balanced charge-discharge circuit and balanced charge-discharge method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070164709A1 (en) * 2004-06-16 2007-07-19 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Battery pack protection circuit and battery pack
CN201699401U (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-01-05 山东上存能源股份有限公司 Protection circuit for power lithium-ion battery
CN102545335A (en) * 2012-01-16 2012-07-04 海能达通信股份有限公司 Balanced charge-discharge circuit and balanced charge-discharge method

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105429108A (en) * 2015-10-12 2016-03-23 丹东思诚科技有限公司 Overcharge and over-discharge protection circuit of series-connected lead acid battery pack
CN106877456A (en) * 2017-04-10 2017-06-20 王振 A kind of electric vehicle power sources system
CN106877456B (en) * 2017-04-10 2023-11-14 王振 Electric vehicle power supply system
CN107332319A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-11-07 努比亚技术有限公司 Battery protecting circuit, battery and terminal
CN107895976A (en) * 2017-10-11 2018-04-10 惠州市和京新能源科技有限公司 A kind of lithium battery equalization charging circuit
WO2019095684A1 (en) * 2017-11-20 2019-05-23 莱克电气股份有限公司 Asic chip system for protecting and controlling lithium battery
CN107968556A (en) * 2017-12-13 2018-04-27 重庆菲力斯特科技有限公司 DC high-voltage power supply step-down device, method, DC high-voltage power supply and application thereof
CN107968556B (en) * 2017-12-13 2024-04-12 重庆禾维科技有限公司 DC high-voltage power supply voltage reducing device and method, DC high-voltage power supply and application thereof
CN110165718A (en) * 2018-02-12 2019-08-23 上海晴鹏能源科技有限公司 A kind of non-maintaining lithium battery management system with active-passive equilibrium
CN109742828A (en) * 2019-03-12 2019-05-10 杭州微慕科技有限公司 It is a kind of that method and its circuit are put based on ups serial lithium battery
CN110460133A (en) * 2019-09-03 2019-11-15 四川四美科技有限公司 A kind of balanced charging method of battery
CN111181224A (en) * 2020-02-24 2020-05-19 彭琦 Charging system for multi-section series battery pack and charging method thereof
CN111600354A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-08-28 桑顿新能源科技(长沙)有限公司 Grouping protection system for batteries used in echelon and battery pack forming method
CN111600354B (en) * 2020-06-03 2021-09-17 桑顿新能源科技(长沙)有限公司 Grouping protection system for batteries used in echelon and battery pack forming method
CN113437442A (en) * 2021-07-16 2021-09-24 湖北睿赛新能源科技有限公司 General series-parallel connection architecture of lithium battery pack

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Application publication date: 20141210