CN104192255A - Automatic transmission of e-bike and implementing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic transmission for bicycles and a realization method thereof. The electronic bicycle automatic transmission includes two parts: a collector 1 and a control box 2; The sensor module 3 collects signals, processes the signals, controls the indicator light module 5 to work according to the processing results, and transmits the processed signals to the control box 2; the present invention controls the servo motor to realize automatic The variable speed makes the riding process more comfortable and convenient, saving worry and effort. The dual conditional judgment of speed and cadence ensures the sensitivity and reliability of the automatic transmission, and reduces the difficulty of accurately judging some cyclists. It has good experience, broad market space and development prospects.

Description

Electronic bicycle automatic transmission and its realization method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of mechanics and electronics, and relates to an automatic transmission for a bicycle and its realization method, in particular to the relationship between the running state of the bicycle and the shift gear and an automatic control method.

Background technique

With the continuous improvement of living standards, people's requirements for a healthy life continue to increase. In addition, there are too many motor vehicles and the road conditions are average. Healthy travel tools such as bicycles have gradually become the choice of most people, and transmission vehicles occupy a considerable part of it. proportion. The significance of variable speed lies in the fact that the riding speed, pedaling force and frequency, and transmission gear ratio are in the most appropriate coordination through human adjustment during the riding process. Compared with non-variable vehicles, it gives people a better riding experience and saves riders physical strength.

Multiple manual transmission devices have been released on the market at present, and some other related patents have been formed simultaneously. The vast majority of transmissions are mainly achieved by increasing the number of gears of the flywheel, increasing the manual transmission and installing a transmission dial at the handlebar. The specific process is as follows: a person pulls or loosens the transmission cable by turning the dial at the handle, and the cable pulls or loosens the transmission chain to engage with different flywheel discs to realize the speed change process. However, manual transmission cannot avoid the trouble of continuous shifting in complex road conditions, and the potential safety hazards of wrong shifting by some cyclists who are not familiar with the principle of the method. Moreover, artificially grasping the timing of speed change cannot make the riding speed, pedaling force and frequency, and transmission gear ratio in the most appropriate coordination at all times.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing manual transmission, the invention proposes a new bicycle automatic transmission and its realization method. The automatic transmission uses Hall sensors to collect the speed of the vehicle during travel and the frequency of human pedaling, and uses advanced information technology to process and transmit the signals, and finally completes automatic transmission by controlling the motor.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the electronic bicycle automatic transmission includes two parts: a collector 1 and a control box 2; the collector 1 includes a microsensor module 3, a first signal acquisition and processing module 4 and an indicator light module 5. The first signal collection and processing module 4 collects signals through the micro sensor module 3, and processes the signals, controls the indicator light module 5 to work according to the processing results, and transmits the processed signals to the control box 2;

Wherein the micro sensor module 3 is composed of two miniature Hall sensors and its auxiliary circuit; the first signal acquisition and processing module 4 is composed of an embedded system and its auxiliary circuit; the indicator light module 5 is composed of an indicator light and its auxiliary circuit;

The control box 2 is composed of a battery module 6, a second signal acquisition and processing module 7 and a motor module 8. The second signal acquisition and processing module 7 receives and processes the data transmitted by the first signal acquisition and processing module 4. According to the processing result, the motor module 8 is controlled to work, and the battery module 6 supplies power for the micro sensor module 3, the first signal acquisition and processing module 4, the first indicator light module 5, the second signal acquisition and processing module 7 and the motor module 8.

The battery module 6 is composed of a battery or battery pack and its auxiliary circuit; the second signal acquisition and processing module 7 is composed of an embedded system and its auxiliary circuit; the motor module 8 is composed of a servo motor and its auxiliary circuit.

The realization method of the electronic bicycle automatic transmission proposed by the present invention comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Collect the current speed S, current cadence F, and mode selection signal M of the bicycle in real time.

Step 2: Process and judge S and F, and decide whether to send a speed change signal. The basis for processing and judgment is: divide the bicycle travel speed range Smin to Smax into m intervals in advance, m is an integer, and the endpoints of the intervals are S0, S1, S2... Sm, where S0=Smin, Sm=Smax; intervals (S0, S1), (S1, S2)...(Sm-1, Sm) are different speed judgment threshold groups respectively. The mode selection signal M includes M0, M1, M2, corresponding to different riding modes. Set the cadence F+ and F- to be the judgment thresholds for the up and down gears respectively. Mi(i=0,1,2) respectively correspond to different cadence thresholds and speed judgment threshold groups (S threshold i1, Fi+, Fi-), (S threshold i2, Fi+, Fi-)...(S threshold im , Fi+, Fi-) Among them, each threshold group of S, each threshold group of F and M can be adjusted according to different road conditions and different riders; when M is given, read the corresponding threshold (S threshold ij, Fi+, Fi- ) (j=1, 2, 3...m) and compare with S, F, send and execute the upshift signal in the following three situations:

Case 1: M=M0, S>S threshold 0j and F>F0+

Case 2: M=M1, S>S threshold 1j and F>F1+

Case 3: M=M2, S>S threshold 2j and F>F2+

The downshift signal is issued and executed in the following three situations:

Case 1: M=M0, S<S threshold 0j and F<F0-

Case 2: M=M1, S<S threshold 1j and F<F1-

Case 3: M=M ₃ , S<S _{threshold 3j} and F<F ₃ -

Step 3: Repeat steps 1-2 to monitor the vehicle speed and cadence in real time and change the speed.

The beneficial effect of the invention is: through the critical judgment of the speed per hour and the cadence, the servo motor is controlled to realize automatic speed change, making the riding process more comfortable and convenient, saving worry and effort. The dual conditional judgment of speed and cadence ensures the sensitivity and reliability of the automatic transmission, and reduces the difficulty of accurately judging some cyclists. It has good experience, broad market space and development prospects.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the electronic bicycle automatic transmission schematic diagram of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the flowchart of the realization method of electronic bicycle automatic transmission of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. collector, 2. control box, 3. micro sensor module, 4. first signal acquisition and processing module, 5. indicator light module, 6. battery module, 7. second signal acquisition and processing module, 8. Motor module.

Detailed ways

Referring to Fig. 1, the electronic bicycle automatic transmission is composed of a collector 1 and a control box 2. The collector 1 integrates a micro sensor module 3 , a first signal collection and processing module 4 and an indicator light module 5 . Wherein the microsensor module 3 is composed of two switch-type Hall sensors and their auxiliary circuits; the first signal acquisition and processing module 4 is composed of a filter circuit and its auxiliary circuits, and its function mainly converts the sine wave signal generated by the Hall sensors into A square wave signal that can be recognized by the single-chip microcomputer; the indicator light module 5 is composed of an LED indicator light, an optical fiber and an auxiliary circuit thereof. The control box 2 is composed of a battery module 6 , a second signal acquisition and processing module 7 , and a motor module 8 . Wherein battery module 6 is made of lithium battery and auxiliary circuit thereof; The second signal acquisition and processing module 7 is made of embedded microcontroller (MCU) and auxiliary circuit thereof, first signal acquisition and processing module in its system program and collector 1 4 Correspondingly, according to the reception and processing of the secondary signal, the speed change condition is judged, and the motor is controlled.

The specific operation steps of the electronic bicycle automatic transmission of the present embodiment are as follows:

(1) Turn on the power of the control box 2 and the collector 1;

(2) Select the riding mode;

(3) START RIDING. The rotation of the wheels and the pedals makes the Hall sensor start to work, and the signal is transmitted back to the embedded microcontroller (MCU) and its auxiliary circuit in the control box 2 in real time to calculate the current speed and cadence;

(4) The rider rides normally (acceleration/deceleration). The embedded micro-controller (MCU) monitors the speed per hour and the cadence in real time and compares it with the corresponding threshold group in the rider's selection mode, and sends a signal to the motor module 8 to control the rotation of the servo motor to tighten/loosen the transmission leads when the conditions are met;

(5) The lead wire of the transmission is tightened/relaxed to drive the chain to move to mesh with different gears.

(6) Decelerate and stop. The micro sensor module 3 stops signal output because no signal is detected, and the embedded microcontroller (MCU) and the motor module 8 also stop working immediately. Start it up again and go back to step (2); otherwise, end the ride and turn off the power of collector 1 and control box 2.

Referring to Fig. 2, the realization method of the electronic bicycle automatic transmission of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Collect the current speed S of the bicycle, the current pedaling frequency P and the mode selection signal M in real time.

Step 2: Process and judge S, F, and M, and decide whether to send a shift signal. The processing and judging basis is: the pre-set mode selection signal M, including M0, M1, and M2 respectively corresponding to three riding modes: sports, normal and leisure modes. When riding a bicycle, the speed range 0km/h～40km/h is divided into 5 sections according to the number of gears (5 gears), the endpoints of which are S0=0km/h, S1=8km/h, S2=16km/h, S3=24km/h, S4=32km/h, S5=40km/h. And the interval (0km/h, 8km/h), (8km/h, 16km/h), (16km/h, 24km/h), (24km/h, 32km/h), (32km/h, 40km/h ) are different speed judgment threshold groups respectively. Set the cadence F+ and F- as the judgment critical values of the up and down gears, and when the M values are different (M0, M1, M2), they correspond to different cadence critical values and speed threshold groups: M=M0 (exercise mode): (8km/h, 100r/min, 80r/min), (16km/h, 100r/min, 80r/min), (24km/h, 100r/min, 80r/min), (32km/h, 100r/min, 80r/min), (40km/h, 100r/min, 80r/min); M=M1 (normal mode): (8km/h, 90r/min, 70r/min), (16km/h, 90r/min, 70r/min), (24km/h, 90r/min, 70r/min), (32km/h, 90r/min, 70r/min), (40km/h, 90r/min, 70r/min) ;M=M3 (leisure mode): (8km/h, 80r/min, 60r/min), (16km/h, 80r/min, 60r/min), (24km/h, 80r/min, 60r/min) , (32km/h, 80r/min, 60r/min), (30km/h, 80r/min, 60r/min); among them, each threshold group of S and each threshold group of F can be adjusted according to different road conditions and different riders ; When M is given, read the corresponding threshold (S threshold ij, Fi+, Fi-) (j=1, 2,...,5) and compare with S, F. When S>S threshold ij and F>Fi+, an upshift signal is sent; when S<S threshold ij and F<Fi-, a downshift signal is sent.

Step 3: Repeat steps 1-2 to continuously detect bicycle speed and cadence signals, and judge the threshold state according to different operating modes to realize automatic speed change.

Claims (2)

1. electronics automatic speed-changing device for bicycle, is characterized in that, comprises collector 1 and control capsule 2 two parts; Collector 1 comprises into microsensor module 3, first signal collection and processing module 4 and indicating lamp module 5, first signal gathers with processing module 4 by microsensor module 3 collection signals, and signal is processed, according to result, control indicating lamp module 5 work, and signal after processing is transferred to control capsule 2;

Described microsensor module 3 consists of two mini Hall sensors and auxiliary circuit thereof; First signal collection and processing module 4 consist of embedded system and auxiliary circuit thereof; Indicating lamp module 5 consists of indicator lamp and auxiliary circuit thereof;

Described control capsule 2 consists of battery module 6, secondary signal collection and processing module 7 and motor module 8 three parts, secondary signal collection and processing module 7 receive first signal collection and processing module 4 is transmitted the data of coming and it is processed, according to result, control motor module 8 work, battery module 6 is microsensor module 3, first signal collection and processing module 4, the first indicating lamp module 5, secondary signal collection and processing module 7 and motor module 8 power supplies.

Described battery module 6 consists of battery or battery pack and auxiliary circuit thereof; Secondary signal collection and processing module 7 consist of embedded system and auxiliary circuit thereof; Motor module 8 consists of servomotor and auxiliary circuit thereof.

2. the implementation method of electronics automatic speed-changing device for bicycle as claimed in claim 1, comprises the following steps:

Step 1: the current gait of march S of Real-time Collection bicycle, current F, the mode select signal M frequently of stepping on.

Step 2: S, F are processed to judgement, determine whether to send variable rate signal, its processing basis for estimation is: the speed range Smin～Smax that in advance bicycle advanced is divided into m interval, m is integer, and interval endpoint is S0, S1, S2 ... Sm, S0=Smin wherein, Sm=Smax; Interval (S0, S1), (S1, S2) ... (Sm-1, Sm) is respectively different speed judgment threshold groups.Mode select signal M comprises M0, M1, M2, the respectively corresponding different pattern of riding.F+ is frequently stepped in setting, and F-is respectively the judgement critical value that adds downshift.Mi (i=0,1,2) corresponding different critical value and speed judgment threshold group (S threshold value i1, Fi+, Fi-) frequently, (S threshold value i2, Fi+, the Fi-) of stepping on respectively ... (S threshold value im, Fi+, Fi-) wherein each sets of threshold values of S, each sets of threshold values of F and M can adjust according to different road conditionss and different bicyclist; When M gives regularly, read corresponding threshold value (S threshold value ij, Fi+, Fi-) (j=1,2,3 ... m) and with S, F compare, in following three kinds of situations, send and carry out shift-up variable rate signal:

Situation one: M=M0, S>S threshold value 0j and F>F0+

Situation two: M=M1, S>S threshold value 1j and F>F1+

Situation three: M=M2, S>S threshold value 2j and F>F2+

In following three kinds of situations, send and carry out downshift variable rate signal:

Situation one: M=M0, S<S threshold value 0j and F<F0-

Situation two: M=M1, S<S threshold value 1j and F<F1-

Situation three: M=M ₃, S<S _{threshold value 3j}and F<F ₃-

Step 3: repeating step 1-2, the Real-Time Monitoring speed of a motor vehicle and step on frequently and carry out speed change.