CN104174942B - A kind of electrolytic wire turning equipment of the narrow deep trench of revolving body - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrolytic wire turning device with narrow and deep grooves on a revolving body. The wire electrode between the two electrode columns, the shaft base installed on the machine base, the main shaft installed on the shaft base, the servo motor installed on the shaft base to drive the main shaft to rotate, and the chuck fixed on the front end of the main shaft for clamping the workpiece. The invention combines the turning processing and electrolytic processing of the rotary body, which is simpler and more convenient without the need for a wire-feeding system, saves electrode wires, and the workpiece rotates at high speed to throw out the electrolytic products, the processing gap is smaller, and the precision and efficiency are higher. The tool electrode has no loss, no cutting force, no heat-affected zone, good surface quality and low cost.

Description

An electrolytic wire turning equipment with narrow and deep grooves on a rotary body

technical field

The invention relates to a new type of special processing equipment, in particular to an electrolytic wire turning equipment with narrow and deep grooves on a revolving body.

Background technique

The specific form of microstructure on the surface of materials will have a great influence on the performance of materials. This kind of surface with microstructure is called microstructure functional surface, which has shown more and more important application value and Broad application prospects.

Diamond and hard tools are usually used to turn micro-grooves when machining the surface microstructure of the rotating body. However, when the traditional mechanical turning method is used to process micro-grooves, due to the size of the tool and the material of the workpiece, it is impossible to process narrow and deep (ie high aspect ratio, narrow and deep) micro-grooves.

The application number is 201010128961.2, which is a Chinese invention patent named Circular Wire-feeding Electrode System and Processing Method for Electrolytic Wire Cutting. A wire-cutting system is required, which makes the structure of the equipment complex and consumes a large amount of electrode wires, resulting in high processing costs.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a new processing method that can combine electrochemical wire cutting and mechanical turning to process narrow and deep grooves on the rotating body with micro-grooves with high aspect ratio. electrolytic wire turning equipment.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an electrolytic wire turning equipment with narrow and deep grooves on the rotating body, which includes a machine base, an electrolyte tank installed on the machine base, and fixedly installed on the machine base. The two electrode columns in the electrolyte tank, the wire electrode suspended between the two electrode columns, the shaft base installed on the machine base, the main shaft installed on the shaft base, the drive shaft installed on the shaft base The servo motor that rotates the main shaft is fixed on the front end of the main shaft to clamp the workpiece.

As an improvement of the technical solution of the electrolytic wire turning equipment with narrow and deep grooves on the rotary body of the present invention, the wire electrode includes an inner electrode, an insulating layer covering the inner electrode, and an outer electrode covering the insulating layer, The outer electrode and the insulating layer are partially opened to expose the inner electrode part; the base is provided with a pulse power supply, which outputs high potential, middle potential, and low potential respectively, and the low voltage between the inner electrode and the pulse power supply is The potentials are connected, the external electrode is connected to the high potential of the pulse power supply, the main shaft, the chuck, and the workpiece are all conductors, and the main shaft is connected to the middle potential of the pulse power supply.

As an improvement of the technical solution of the electrolytic wire turning equipment with narrow and deep grooves on the rotary body of the present invention, the base is equipped with a two-dimensional micro-movement platform that can move in a plane, and the electrolyte tank is fixed on the two-dimensional micro-motion platform. the upper side of the moving platform.

As an improvement of the technical solution of the electrolytic wire turning equipment for narrow and deep grooves on the rotary body of the present invention, it also includes a control device electrically connected to the axial drive of the main shaft.

As an improvement of the technical solution of the electrolytic wire turning equipment for narrow and deep grooves on the rotary body of the present invention, it also includes a control device electrically connected to the axial drive of the main shaft, and the control device is electrically connected to the two-dimensional micro-motion platform .

As an improvement of the technical solution of the electrolytic wire turning equipment for the narrow and deep groove of the revolving body of the present invention, the electrolyte tank is provided with a liquid suction pipe, a self-priming pump, and a spray pipe connected in series in sequence, and the liquid suction pipe The lower side inlet is located below the liquid level of the electrolyte tank, and the outlet of the nozzle is located at the side of the workpiece above the liquid level of the electrolyte tank.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the electrolytic wire turning equipment with narrow and deep grooves of the rotary body of the present invention can combine electrochemical wire cutting and mechanical turning processes to carry out a new hybrid processing method, and the wire electrodes set in the electrolyte tank can be energized The electrolytic reaction is generated, and the material of the workpiece is etched to realize the processing of the workpiece, and the workpiece is rotated as a rotary body driven by the spindle, and electrolytic erosion occurs continuously during the rotation process, thereby realizing the processing of removing material along the circumference of the rotary body. In the present invention, the wire electrode is used instead of the traditional turning tool. The size of the turning groove processed by the wire electrode is only as large as the wire diameter of the wire electrode, unlike the mechanical turning tool, which is limited by the size of the tool and cannot be turned into a narrow and deep groove. Grooves, therefore, the electrolytic wire turning equipment of the present invention can be used to process microgrooves with high aspect ratios on the rotating body. The wire electrode processed by the above equipment does not need wire cutting system, which is more simple and convenient, and saves electrode wire. In addition, since the workpiece is in a state of high-speed rotation during the processing, the workpiece will throw out the electrolytic products in the machining gap when the workpiece rotates at high speed, so the electrolytic products in the machining gap are removed in a timely manner, and a smaller machining gap can be obtained. Higher machining accuracy and efficiency can be obtained. The electrolytic wire turning equipment of the present invention combines the turning processing of the rotary body, the characteristics of no loss, no cutting force, and no heat-affected zone with the electrode of the electrolytic machining tool, and has high processing efficiency, good surface quality, and low cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an electrolytic wire turning device for narrow and deep grooves on a rotary body according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the electrolytic wire turning equipment in FIG. 1 , showing structures such as a main shaft and a shaft base.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the wire electrode in FIG. 2 .

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the figures show the overall structure and partial three-dimensional structure of an electrolytic wire turning equipment for narrow and deep grooves of a revolving body according to the present invention. Referring to the figure, the electrolytic wire turning equipment includes a base (not shown in the figure), an electrolyte tank 10 installed on the base, two electrode columns 8 fixedly installed in the electrolyte tank 10, and a suspension installation The wire electrode 1 between the two electrode columns 8, the shaft base 4 installed on the base, the main shaft 6 installed on the shaft base 4, the servo installed on the shaft base 4 to drive the main shaft 6 to rotate The motor 7, the collet 3 fixed on the front end of the main shaft 6 for clamping the workpiece 2, the wire electrode 1, the electrolyte tank 10 and the electrode column 8 are combined and energized to realize the electrolytic machining process of electrochemical machining, the wire electrode 1 and The contact of the outer edge of the rotary workpiece 2 is point contact, and the electrolytic machining is local point processing. The spindle 6 drives the workpiece 2 to rotate, so that the position of the circular line of the rotary workpiece 2 corresponds to the position of the wire electrode 1 in turn, realizing electrolysis, so as to continuously The rotary workpiece 2 is radially cut into for turning, so that only the material corresponding to the slot with the diameter of the electrode wire is etched away, realizing low-cost and fast machining of narrow and deep slots. The electrode line is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating body, and a narrow and deep straight groove is processed. If the electrode line forms a certain angle with the axis of the rotating body, a tapered groove can be machined.

The electrolytic wire turning equipment using the narrow and deep grooves of the rotary body of the present invention can combine the electrochemical wire cutting and mechanical turning processes to carry out a new hybrid processing method, and the wire electrodes set in the electrolyte tank can generate electrolytic reactions when energized, and the workpiece can be etched away The material of 2 realizes the processing of the workpiece 2, and the workpiece rotates as a rotary body driven by the spindle, and electrolytic erosion occurs continuously during the rotation process, so as to realize the processing of removing material along the circumference of the rotary body.

In the present invention, the wire electrode is used instead of the traditional turning tool, and the size of the turning groove processed by the wire electrode 1 is only as large as the wire diameter of the wire electrode, unlike the mechanical turning tool, which is limited by the size of the tool and cannot turn out a narrow depth. Therefore, the electrolytic wire turning equipment of the present invention can be used to process micro-grooves with high aspect ratio on the rotating body.

The main shaft 6 can be fed vertically, thereby adjusting the axial position of the workpiece to be processed, and the workpiece 2 can be continuously moved up and down during the processing process, so as to realize the control of the width of the processing slot. It is also possible to adjust the processing position through the main shaft 6 to turn multiple parallel annular narrow and deep slots.

The wire electrode 1 processed by the above-mentioned equipment does not need a wire cutting system, is simpler and more convenient, and saves electrode wires. In addition, since the workpiece 2 is in a high-speed rotating state during the processing, the workpiece 2 will throw out the electrolytic products in the machining gap when it rotates at a high speed, so the electrolytic products in the machining gap are removed in a timely manner, and a smaller machining gap can be obtained , so that higher machining accuracy and efficiency can be obtained. The circulating wire electrode system and processing method of the traditional electrolytic wire cutting process uses the method of circulating wire in the electrolytic wire cutting to discharge the electrolytic product. In contrast, the electrolytic wire turning equipment of the present invention combines the turning processing of the rotary body, the characteristics of no loss, no cutting force, and no heat-affected zone with the electrode of the electrolytic machining tool, and has high processing efficiency, good surface quality, and low cost. Low.

More preferably, as shown in FIG. 3 , the wire electrode 1 includes an inner electrode 15, an insulating layer 16 covering the inner electrode 15, and an outer electrode 17 covering the insulating layer, so that each of the wire electrodes 1 A part of the coaxial line electrode is formed, and the outer electrode 17 and the insulating layer 16 are partially opened to expose the inner electrode part; The inner electrode 15 is connected to the low potential of the pulse power supply, and the outer electrode 17 is connected to the high potential of the pulse power supply. The main shaft 6, the chuck 3 and the workpiece 2 are all conductors, and the main shaft 6 is connected to the high potential of the pulse power supply. The middle potential of the pulse power supply is connected so that the workpiece 2 is indirectly electrically connected to the pulse power supply, so that the workpiece 2 has a middle potential, the potential of the inner electrode 15 is high and the potential of the outer electrode 17 is low. The inner electrode 15 and the outer electrode 17 have a coaxial circular structure, so that the wire electrode adopts a coaxial structure, so that it can be applied to multi-potential electrolytic machining. By adjusting the potential of each electrode, the high potential area is concentrated on the workpiece close to the inner electrode The exposed area of 15 is concentrated in this area due to the electrochemical etching reaction; while in the area where the coaxial outer electrode 17 is close to the workpiece, the potential is relatively low. Under the condition of selecting reasonable parameters, using various potentials for electrolytic machining can form a passivation film in the non-processing area to protect the workpiece 2, prevent further occurrence or expansion of the erosion reaction, protect the non-processing area, and make the electrolytic line The function of the turning equipment is further improved, and the turning equipment of the multi-potential electrolytic line is passivated in the area forming the narrow and deep micro-grooves of the rotating body. The potential of the workpiece is different, and the states of activation and passivation are different. Therefore, under the condition that the passivation area can be selected, electrolytic machining with high localization can be performed. The processing area is relatively targeted, that is, the non-processing area can be passivated Protection, the machining process will not lose the area that does not need to be machined. In addition, because electrolytic machining is stress-free, it can process three-dimensional rotary structures for special materials (ultra-hard, ultra-thin, etc.).

More preferably, the electrolytic wire turning equipment for narrow and deep grooves on the rotary body also includes a control device 11 electrically connected to the axial drive of the main shaft, so that the rotation speed and feed rate of the workpiece 2 can be controlled, thereby controlling the processing of narrow and deep grooves. Axial position and slot width of the groove microstructure. The control device can be a computer, which controls the components of servo motors and other related equipment through program settings, and then accurately controls the position and width of processing. The control device can also be a manual fine-tuning feed controller.

More preferably, the base is equipped with a two-dimensional micro-motion platform 13 that can move in a plane, and the electrolyte tank 10 is fixed on the upper side of the two-dimensional micro-motion platform 13, so that the two-dimensional micro-motion platform 13 can be controlled The moving position controls the position of the electrolysis line 1, so that the technology of processing microgrooves with high aspect ratio on the rotating body is a three-dimensional micromachining method; compared with the current micromachining technology, such as the paper [Electrolysis [Experimental research on wire cutting processing technology] and the planar micromachining method involved in the above-mentioned patent [201010128961.2], in the field of micromachining, a leap from 2D planar micromachining to 3D three-dimensional micromachining has been realized.

More preferably, the electrolytic wire turning equipment for narrow and deep grooves on the rotary body also includes a control device electrically connected to the axial drive of the main shaft, so that the rotation speed and feed rate of the workpiece 2 can be controlled, so as to control the machining of narrow and deep grooves Axial position and slot width of the groove microstructure. The control device can be a computer, which controls the components of servo motors and other related equipment through program settings, and then accurately controls the position and width of processing. The control device can also be a manual fine-tuning feed controller. The control device 11 is electrically connected to the two-dimensional micro-motion platform 13, so that the control device 11 can control the two-dimensional micro-motion platform 13 at the same time, so that the electrolysis line 1 can be fed, and can be fed horizontally and vertically, thereby realizing Adjust the processing position and control the processing depth of the groove structure.

More preferably, the electrolyte tank 10 is provided with a liquid suction pipe, a self-priming pump 14, and a spray pipe connected in series in sequence, and the three constitute a circulating liquid spray device, and the lower side inlet of the liquid suction pipe is located in the electrolyte tank 10. Below the liquid level, the outlet of the nozzle is located at the side of the workpiece 2 above the liquid level of the electrolyte tank 10, so that the liquid below the liquid level of the electrolyte tank can be continuously extracted, and after a certain height is lifted, it is sprayed to the workpiece 2. machining position, so as to achieve targeted enhanced electrolytic machining, and the electrolytic machining can also be realized below the liquid level of the workpiece 2 not immersed in the electrolyte tank.

What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and of course it cannot limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the patent scope of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An electrolytic wire turning device with narrow and deep grooves on a rotating body, characterized in that it includes a machine base, an electrolyte tank installed on the base, two electrode columns fixedly installed in the electrolyte tank, The wire electrode is suspended and installed between two electrode columns, the shaft base installed on the machine base, the main shaft installed on the shaft base, the servo motor installed on the shaft base to drive the main shaft to rotate, fixed on The front end of the spindle is used to clamp the chuck of the workpiece; the wire electrode includes an inner electrode, an insulating layer covering the inner electrode, and an outer electrode covering the insulating layer, and the outer electrode and the insulating layer are partially opened The gap exposes part of the internal electrode; the base is provided with a pulse power supply, which outputs high potential, medium potential, and low potential respectively, the internal electrode is connected to the low potential of the pulse power supply, and the external electrode is connected to the low potential of the pulse power supply. The high potential of the pulse power supply is connected, the main shaft, the chuck and the workpiece are all conductors, and the main shaft is connected with the middle potential of the pulse power supply. 2 . The electrolytic wire turning equipment for narrow and deep grooves on a revolving body according to claim 1 , further comprising a control device electrically connected to the axial drive of the main shaft. 3 . 3. The electrolytic wire turning equipment for narrow and deep grooves of the revolving body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the base is equipped with a two-dimensional micro-motion platform that can move in a plane, and the electrolyte tank is fixed on the The upper side of the two-dimensional micro-motion platform. 4. The electrolytic wire turning equipment for narrow and deep grooves on a revolving body according to claim 3, further comprising a control device electrically connected to the axial drive of the main shaft, the control device is connected with the two-dimensional micro-motion The platform is electrically connected. 5. The electrolytic wire turning equipment for narrow and deep grooves of a revolving body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrolyte tank is provided with a suction pipe, a self-priming pump, and a spray pipe connected in series in sequence, and the suction pipe The lower side inlet of the liquid pipe is located below the liquid level of the electrolytic solution tank, and the outlet of the nozzle is located at the side of the workpiece above the liquid level of the electrolytic solution tank.