Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of surface passivation method of solar cell, can effectively improve the conversion efficiency of solar cell, save production cost, and compatible with conventional solar cell production line, be suitable for large-scale production.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention adopts is: a kind of surface passivation method of solar cell, is characterized in that: when filming process is made antireflection film layer, adopt CO
2or CO
2with SiH
4as reacting gas, make passivation film with silicon chip of solar cell surface reaction, then on passivation film surface, plate again one deck silicon nitride anti-reflection film layer;
Adopt CO
2concrete steps during as reacting gas are as follows:
(1) P type polysilicon chip is completed to the diffusion of sour making herbs into wool, phosphorus, etching matting is placed in film coating equipment;
(2) in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas CO
2, at silicon chip surface, generate one deck passivation film, described CO
2flow is 500~15000sccm, and radio-frequency power is 4000~8000W, and the time is 30~300s, and the thickness of described passivation film is 5~20nm, and refractive index is 2.0~2.1;
(3), after passivation film completes, in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas NH
3and SiH
4, at the uniform silicon nitride film layer of passivation film surface deposition one deck, described NH
3with SiH
4flow proportional be 1~45:1, the thickness of described silicon nitride anti-reflection film layer is 10~100nm, refractive index is 1.8~2.5;
Adopt CO
2with SiH
4concrete steps during as reacting gas are as follows:
(1) P type polysilicon chip is completed to the diffusion of sour making herbs into wool, phosphorus, etching matting is placed in film coating equipment;
(2) in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas CO
2with SiH
4, at silicon chip surface, generate one deck passivation film, described CO
2with SiH
4flow be that ratio is 1~45:1, radio-frequency power is 4000~8000W, the time is 30~300s, the thickness of described passivation film is 5~20nm, refractive index is 2.0~2.1;
(3), after passivation film completes, in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas NH
3and SiH
4, at the uniform silicon nitride film layer of passivation film surface deposition one deck, described NH
3with SiH
4flow proportional be 1~45:1, the thickness of described silicon nitride anti-reflection film layer is 10~100nm, refractive index is 1.8~2.5.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is by the gas formulation of optimal design plated film and the rete form of plated film, make solar battery efficiency have the lifting of 0.1% left and right, save production cost, and compatible with conventional solar cell production line, be suitable for large-scale production.
Embodiment
A surface passivation method for solar cell, when filming process is made antireflection film layer, adopts CO
2or CO
2with SiH
4as reacting gas, make passivation film 2 with silicon chip of solar cell 1 surface reaction, then on passivation film 2 surfaces, plate again one deck silicon nitride anti-reflection film layer 3(as shown in Figure 1).
Embodiment 1: a kind of surface passivation method of solar cell, adopts CO
2concrete steps during as reacting gas are as follows:
(1) P type polysilicon chip 1 is completed to the diffusion of sour making herbs into wool, phosphorus, etching matting is placed in film coating equipment;
(2) in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas CO
2, at silicon chip 1 Surface Creation one deck passivation film 2, described CO
2flow is 2000sccm, and radio-frequency power is 5000W, and the time is 250s, and the thickness of passivation film is 10nm, and refractive index is 2.03;
(3) after passivation film 2 completes, in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas NH
3and SiH
4, at the uniform silicon nitride film layer of passivation film 2 surface deposition one deck, described NH
3flow be 7000sccm, SiH
4flow be that the thickness of silicon nitride anti-reflection film layer is 80nm described in 680sccm, refractive index is 2.06.
Embodiment 2: the surface passivation method of another kind of solar cell, adopts CO
2with SiH
4concrete steps during as reacting gas are as follows:
(1) P type polysilicon chip 1 is completed to the diffusion of sour making herbs into wool, phosphorus, etching matting is placed in film coating equipment;
(2) in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas CO
2with SiH
4, at silicon chip 1 Surface Creation one deck passivation film 2, described CO
2with SiH
4flow be that ratio is 20:1, radio-frequency power is 5500W, the time is 120s, the thickness of passivation film is 8nm, refractive index is 2.05;
(3) after passivation film 2 completes, in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas NH
3and SiH
4, at the uniform silicon nitride film layer of passivation film 2 surface deposition one deck, described NH
3flow be 6800sccm, SiH
4flow be that the thickness of silicon nitride anti-reflection film layer is 83nm described in 720sccm, refractive index is 2.08.
Embodiment 3: the surface passivation method of the third solar cell, adopts CO
2concrete steps during as reacting gas are as follows:
(1) P type polysilicon chip 1 is completed to the diffusion of sour making herbs into wool, phosphorus, etching matting is placed in film coating equipment;
(2) in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas CO
2, at silicon chip 1 Surface Creation one deck passivation film 2, described CO
2flow is 500sccm, and radio-frequency power is 4000W, and the time is 30s, and the thickness of passivation film is 5nm, and refractive index is 2.0;
(3) after passivation film 2 completes, in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas NH
3and SiH
4, at the uniform silicon nitride film layer of passivation film 2 surface deposition one deck, described NH
3flow be 7000sccm, SiH
4flow be that the thickness of silicon nitride anti-reflection film layer is 70nm described in 680sccm, refractive index is 2.0.
The surface passivation method of 4: the four kinds of solar cells of embodiment, adopts CO
2with SiH
4concrete steps during as reacting gas are as follows:
(1) P type polysilicon chip 1 is completed to the diffusion of sour making herbs into wool, phosphorus, etching matting is placed in film coating equipment;
(2) in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas CO
2with SiH
4, at silicon chip 1 Surface Creation one deck passivation film 2, described CO
2with SiH
4flow be that ratio is 10:1, radio-frequency power is 8000W, the time is 300s, the thickness of passivation film is 5nm, refractive index is 2.0;
(3) after passivation film 2 completes, in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas NH
3and SiH
4, at the uniform silicon nitride film layer of passivation film 2 surface deposition one deck, described NH
3flow be 6800sccm, SiH
4flow be that the thickness of silicon nitride anti-reflection film layer is 75nm described in 720sccm, refractive index is 2.1.
The surface passivation method of 5: the five kinds of solar cells of embodiment, adopts CO
2concrete steps during as reacting gas are as follows:
(1) P type polysilicon chip 1 is completed to the diffusion of sour making herbs into wool, phosphorus, etching matting is placed in film coating equipment;
(2) in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas CO
2, at silicon chip 1 Surface Creation one deck passivation film 2, described CO
2flow is 15000sccm, and radio-frequency power is 8000W, and the time is 300s, and the thickness of passivation film is 20nm, and refractive index is 2.1;
(3) after passivation film 2 completes, in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas NH
3and SiH
4, at the uniform silicon nitride film layer of passivation film 2 surface deposition one deck, described NH
3flow be 9000sccm, SiH
4flow be that the thickness of silicon nitride anti-reflection film layer is 100nm described in 880sccm, refractive index is 2.5.
The surface passivation method of 6: the six kinds of solar cells of embodiment, adopts CO
2with SiH
4concrete steps during as reacting gas are as follows:
(1) P type polysilicon chip 1 is completed to the diffusion of sour making herbs into wool, phosphorus, etching matting is placed in film coating equipment;
(2) in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas CO
2with SiH
4, at silicon chip 1 Surface Creation one deck passivation film 2, described CO
2with SiH
4flow be that ratio is 45:1, radio-frequency power is 8000W, the time is 300s, the thickness of passivation film is 20nm, refractive index is 2.1;
(3) after passivation film 2 completes, in filming equipment, pass into reacting gas NH
3and SiH
4, at the uniform silicon nitride film layer of passivation film 2 surface deposition one deck, described NH
3flow be 8800 sccm, SiH
4flow be that the thickness of silicon nitride anti-reflection film layer is 100nm described in 920sccm, refractive index is 2.5.