CN104158108A - Cable pulling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of supporting equipment for cable installation, and in particular relates to a cable puller. The present invention includes a collar part and a clamping part; the shape of the clamping part is a cone-cage fence-like structure; each clamping rod on the clamping part can move away from or close to the axis of the collar part synchronously along the radial direction of the collar part Reciprocating action; the minimum inner diameter of the clamping part is smaller than the outer diameter of the cable body to be pulled and the largest inner diameter is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the cable body to be pulled; a handle is arranged on the outer wall of the ring part; The large-diameter end of the clamping part is arranged with a notch groove, and the shape of the clamping rod is a straight bar. The axes of the hinge shafts are all arranged perpendicular to the axis of the collar portion; the cable puller also includes an elastic reset unit. It is not only convenient and quick to use, but also has high operating efficiency, and it also effectively avoids the problem of twisting and accumulating the cable body that occurs when the traditional cable is pulled.

Description

cable puller

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of supporting equipment for cable installation, and in particular relates to a cable puller.

Background technique

With the continuous development of my country's electric power industry, the use of cables and other cables has become more and more popular in real life. At present, for the installation and construction of cables, most of them still adhere to the traditional installation measures, that is, after the cable reel is unloaded to the construction point, it is first installed on the rotating bracket, and then the cable body is pulled by manpower. Thereby, the rotation of the cable reel relative to the rotating bracket is realized, thereby achieving the purpose of pulling out the cable and installing it later.

The defects in the above-mentioned traditional operation method: on the one hand, the working efficiency of the method of manually grasping and pulling is low, especially the thick cable body is extremely inconvenient to hold, and there are few points for applying force, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive; However, since the cable itself is already in the state of bending and stress when it is coiled on the cable reel, when the cable is pulled by manpower, it will often cause the cable body to twist along its circumference Considering that the manpower holding and pulling of the cable body is a continuous holding process, this leads to the gradual accumulation of the twisting degree of the above-mentioned cable body during the whole pulling process of the cable body, thus affecting the internal copper wires, etc. The fragile parts have adverse effects; in order to avoid the above phenomenon, the staff needs to release the cable body with both hands after pulling a section of cable and wait for its deformation to recover before dragging, which will inevitably reduce the actual work efficiency.

Based on the above reasons, some manufacturers have also considered using some machinery such as clamping rollers instead of manpower to hold and pull cables for laying. However, regardless of the size of the mechanical equipment and the inconvenience of transportation and installation, other When the equipment is pulling the cable, the cable body is often more twisted than the traditional manual construction. This is because the pulling of the machine is more consistent than that of manpower, which leads to a greater accumulation of the twisting degree of the cable body. Fast, under the accumulation of the above-mentioned deformation of the cable body for a long time, the cable body tends to tear or even break faster, which not only increases the actual construction cost, but also brings great trouble to the on-site staff.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reasonable and practical cable puller, which is convenient and quick to use, can effectively improve the operation efficiency, and can also avoid the twisting of the cable body when the cable is continuously pulled Accumulate problems.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A cable puller, comprising a ring part and a clamping part concentrically arranged in the ring part for clamping and clamping the cable body to be pulled; the clamping part is surrounded by at least three clamping rods Its shape is a cone-cage fence-like structure with a diameter gradually decreasing from one end of the ring part to the other end; the clamping rods on the clamping part can be moved away synchronously along the radial direction of the ring part. Or close to the reciprocating action of the axis of the ring part; the minimum inner diameter of the clamping part is smaller than the outer diameter of the cable body to be pulled and the largest inner diameter is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the cable body to be pulled; the outer wall of the ring part is arranged There is a handle part that is convenient for manual holding or mechanical assembly; the ring part is provided with a notch groove along the axial direction at the end face where the large-diameter end of the clamping part is located, and the shape of the clamping rod is a straight rod. Each clamping rod is located at the notch groove and forms a hinged fit between its shaft and the groove walls on both sides, and the axis of the hinge shaft formed by each clamping rod and the notch groove is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the ring sleeve; the cable puller also includes The elastic reset unit is used to drive the clamping rods to return along the radial direction of the collar portion.

The cable puller also includes an insert for snap-fitting and fixing between the notch grooves, one end of the hinge shaft is fixedly connected to the body of the clamping rod, and the other end extends axially along the hinge axis and forms a joint with the insert. Swivel fit; the inlay block is fixedly connected with the bottom of the notch groove by bolts.

The elastic reset unit includes a compression spring; one end of the compression spring is embedded in the inner cavity wall of the collar part and is fixedly connected to it; the other end of the compression spring extends radially along the collar part and abuts against the clamp rod located in the collar At the outer wall of a section of the rod body at the internal cavity.

The elastic reset unit also includes a guide column for guiding the compression spring, the bottom of the guide column is fixedly connected to the outer wall of a section of the rod body of the clamping rod located at the inner cavity of the collar portion, and the compression spring is sleeved on the guide column.

There are four clamping rods, and the shape of the clamping rods is an arc-shaped slat with a curved surface. The curved surfaces of the four clamping rods enclose each other to form a contact circular surface covering the cable body to be pulled.

The collar portion is provided with a sunken groove at the end where the small-diameter end of the clamping portion is located for avoiding the movable space of the clamping rod, and the sunken groove is sunken along the inner cavity wall of the collar portion.

The shape of the handle part is sleeve-shaped and forms a coaxial sliding socket fit with the outer wall of the ring part; the outer wall of the ring part is protrudingly provided with a retaining ring at the end where the smallest diameter end of the clamping part is located. A one-way gear fit is formed between the handle portion and the retaining ring.

The handle part and the outer wall of a section of the rod body located at the outer wall of the ring part of the clamp rod form a sliding press-down abutting fit; when the two form abutting fit, the minimum clamping part formed by the clamp rod The diameter is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the cable body of the cable to be pulled.

A boss is protruded from the outer wall of a section of the rod body on the clamping rod that is matched with the handle part, and a slope is provided at the end face of the handle part that is used to form a fit with the clamp rod, and the boss is equipped with a The inclined surface matches the inclined surface, and the boss and the inclined surface form a surface abutting fit.

The outer wall of the handle part is provided with handles that are convenient to be held by human hands along the radial extension thereof, and there are two handles arranged axially symmetrically along the axis of the handle part.

The main advantages of the present invention are:

1) Abandoning the traditional manpower directly holding the cable body with a large diameter and the problems of gripping fatigue and the accumulation of cable body twist; The clamping part is set with the cable body, which is convenient for manpower and even mechanical force, and the cone-cage fence-like structure of the clamping part can close the mouth and tighten the cable body during work to fix the cable body for easy pulling , and release the clamp lever when the ring part needs to slide along the cable body, so as to facilitate the moving operation of the ring part along the cable body. In actual operation, the large-diameter end of the clamping part is used as a socket to directly set it on the cable body. At this time, because it moves forward in the direction, the clamping rod on the clamping part will not contact with the cable body. Clamping interference occurs between them; and once the ring sleeve part needs to be pulled in the opposite direction, the small-diameter end of the clamping part synthesized by the clamp rod will produce frictional contraction under the action of force, so that the diameter of the small-diameter end is less than The outer diameter of the cable body to be pulled, in this way, the clamping part is tightly embedded in the cable body, and the external force is applied to the ring part, thus playing the role of pulling the cable; Every time a section of cable is pulled, the entire ring is moved forward for a section to reposition and continue to be pulled in the opposite direction, thereby achieving the purpose of continuous pulling. As the ring part moves forward, the clamping rod on the clamping part has loosened the clamping of the cable body, and the cable body can automatically recover its original shape under the action of its own deformation restoring force. Twist, it is not only convenient and quick to use, but also has high operating efficiency, and it also effectively avoids the problem of twisting and accumulating the cable body that occurs when the traditional cable is pulled.

2) For the realization of the action mode of the clamping rod, the clamping and loosening of the cable body can be ensured through the radial translation of the clamping rod along the radial direction of the collar portion away or close. The optimization scheme adopted in the present invention is to match the hinge shaft with the notch groove. At this time, the actual action of the clamp bar is to swing relative to its hinge shaft, that is, when the clamp bar acts as a lever and the clamping part When the rod ends at the small-diameter end are close to each other, the clamp rod is in a contracted state and finally achieves the effect of clamping the cable body; on the contrary, when the rod ends at the small-diameter end of the clamping part are close to each other When moving away from it, the clamping rod is now in an outwardly expanded state so that the collar portion continues to slide and move forward. The realization of its structural mode is extremely simple and reasonable, and the operation is also more convenient and quick. In addition, through the arrangement of the elastic reset unit, the problem of insensitive reset of the clamping rod itself in the hinged fit state is solved, and it is ensured that whenever the ring part slides along the cable body to the designated position, the clamping rod will The cable body can be directly clamped under the action of the elastic reset unit in a timely manner, thereby achieving its subsequent pulling effect, and finally ensuring its reliable and stable working purpose.

3) For the specific matching structure with the clamp rod, here is the fixed connection method embedded with inserts; in fact, the insert here can be regarded as a transition element that cooperates with each other between the clamp rod and the notch groove. The pivotal fit between the rod and the insert is formed by the hinge shaft, and at the same time, on the notch groove that is not suitable for installing the hinge shaft, the bolts between the insert and the bottom of the notch groove are used to achieve mutual cooperation, and finally the clamping rod is solved. The difficult problem of how to hinge and cooperate with the ring sleeve, its structure is simple and reasonable, the work is reliable and stable, and it is also convenient for actual assembly.

4) The choice of the elastic reset unit is preferably a compression spring. One end of the compression spring is embedded in the ring and the other end is against the clamping rod, so that when the clamping rod swings, it can always "hinder" the external expansion of the clamping rod. The purpose is to ensure the reliable clamping of the clamping rod for the cable body. The specific number of clamping rods can be determined according to the site situation. The present invention is preferably four, and is based on the arc plate structure, so as to ensure that the clamping rods are "attached" when clamping the cable body. Rely on and clamp the cable body instead of directly "cutting" the cable body with its sharp corners; on the one hand, the contact between the two is increased through the line contact or surface contact between the clamping rod and the cable body The area effectively ensures the contact strength between the two. On the other hand, the clamping rod no longer has a cutting effect on the cable body, which effectively protects the integrity of the cable body and ensures its subsequent reliable and stable work. Basic guarantees are provided.

5) As a further preferred solution of the present invention, with the design of the sinking groove here, when the small-diameter end of the clamping part needs to be expanded to the maximum diameter to facilitate the unimpeded passage of the cable, the sinking groove can provide a clamping rod to accommodate space, so as to avoid the failure to form a channel for the cable to pass due to the impact of the clamp rod on the inner cavity wall of the ring; in fact, if the diameter of the ring is set large enough, it can also provide enough space for the clamping part. The above-mentioned sinking groove may not be needed in the ring part, and the effect of clamping and passing the cable can also be achieved through the expansion and contraction of the clamp rod, which will not be repeated here.

6) The design of the handle part provides an effective way for the effective transmission of human and even mechanical force, and at the same time avoids the difficulty of grip caused by traditional human grip and the twist caused by mechanical clamping Accumulate problems. The reason why the present invention forms a sliding fit between the handle part and the ring part is that on the one hand, relying on the gear fit between the handle part and the ring part, it is ensured that when the handle part moves in the opposite direction along the cable body, the ring part can Under the action of the retaining ring, the cable body is pulled synchronously; on the other hand, after the cable of the specified length is completely pulled by the present invention, the handle can be moved along the axis of the ring to make the handle The inner wall of the clamping rod is in contact with a section of rod body protruding from the outer wall of the collar part on the clamping rod. At this time, the clamping rod is touched by the inner wall of the handle part and pressed down. The other end of the rod, that is, the small-diameter section of the cone-cage fence-like structure, is forced to expand outwards, so that the clamping rod will not interfere with the current cable body and cause clamping action, and then move the ring in the opposite direction. , so that the present invention can exit along the cable body in a reverse direction, and then the present invention is recovered and placed for next use. It adopts a new way of pressing down the handle part, so that the clamping rod is cleverly made to swing under the action of leverage, and finally realizes the barrier-free and smooth return of the present invention. The entire recovery process is simple, fast and efficient, and the operation is extremely convenient; The cooperation between the boss on the clamp rod and the inclined surface on the ring part ensures the precise fit between the two and the subsequent efficient and reliable work of the clamp rod. Due to the surface fit between the two, When the clamping rod is squeezed by the inclined surface on the ring part at the boss end, the clamping rod will react immediately and produce a corresponding large-scale hinged swing action, thereby ensuring the fast response of the clamping part, and finally being based on the line Favorable guarantee provided for the purpose of fast pulling of the cable.

7) In fact, the final positioning of the present invention still tends to adopt the way of manpower holding. This is because the current cable construction has begun to tend to the multi-point construction operation in small areas, and the manpower operation mode is obviously more flexible and multi-pass , and its scope of application is also wider; the invention solves the problems of weak grip and inconvenient application of force caused by the traditional direct grip of the thick cable body by extending the handle radially outside the handle, and effectively improves the The degree of force application is improved, which in turn improves the overall construction efficiency in a disguised form.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the left side view of Fig. 1 structure;

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the structure of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the right side view of Fig. 1 structure;

Fig. 5 is a diagram of the relative positions of the components of the present invention when the cable is pulled;

Fig. 6 is a diagram of the relative positions of the components of the present invention when the pulling is completed and the cable is withdrawn;

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of part I of FIG. 1 .

The corresponding relationship between each label and the corresponding part name of the present invention is as follows in the accompanying drawings:

a-cable b-hinge shaft

10-ring part 11-notch groove 12-insert block 13-sink groove 14-gear ring

20-clamp bar 21-boss

30-Handle 31-Incline 32-Handle

41-compression spring 42-guide column

Detailed ways

Here, in conjunction with Fig. 1-7, the specific implementation structure and work flow of the present invention are further described as follows:

For ease of understanding, the arc side of the clamp rod 20 facing the axis of the collar portion 10 is used as the inner wall, and the arc side facing away from the axis of the collar portion 10 is also the outer wall; at the same time, the present invention The action direction of the cable body inserted into the cable a is its forward action direction, and the pulling direction of the cable body relative to the cable a is its reverse backward action direction.

The specific implementation structure of the present invention, as shown in Figs. The conical clamping teeth (that is, the clamping part) formed by the axis, the shape of the conical clamping teeth is a cone-cage fence-like structure, which can also be regarded as a conical cage-shaped structure; the above-mentioned conical clamping teeth are also The specific composition of the clamping part is formed by forming a hinged fit between the arc-shaped straight rod-shaped clamping rod 20 with the curved surface facing inward and the notch groove 11 on the collar part 10, and the clamping rod 20 is formed along the above-mentioned hinge axis b When the swing occurs, the cable body of the cable a is clamped and released. In order to provide the small-diameter end of the clamping part with a contraction force, the compression spring 41 and the corresponding guide post 42 are arranged here to press the top of it against the clamping rod 20 and the bottom is fixed to the inner wall of the ring sleeve part 10, thereby providing a clamping rod. 20 to reset the elastic effect. A handle portion 30 with a radial handle is sheathed on the outer wall of the ring portion 10, so as to realize the function of being easy to hold by manpower, so as to facilitate the actual operation. Since the clamping portion is a tapered structure, that is, it has a small-diameter end and a large-diameter end, a retaining ring 14 is arranged on the outer wall of the small-diameter end of the opposite clamping portion on the collar portion 10, so as to realize the movement of the handle portion 30 The one-way gear function of the direction; when the handle part 30 slides to this place, it forms a snap fit with the retaining ring 14, thereby forcing the ring sleeve part 10 and the handle part 30 to perform a synchronous designated direction action; and when the handle part When 30 moves in the opposite direction relative to the position of the retaining ring 14, the inclined surface 31 on the handle 30 directly presses against the boss 21 of the clamping rod 20, thereby realizing the function of pressing against the end of the clamping rod 20, and finally forcing the clamping The small-diameter end of the part expands outwards, thereby facilitating the withdrawing operation of the present invention.

As for the specific formation of the hinge on the clamping rod 20, here it is shown in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 7, that is, firstly, a notch groove 11 is provided on the end face of the collar portion 10 where the large-diameter end of the clamping portion is located, and then By arranging the hinge shaft on the clamp rod 20 in advance, and setting the slug 12 at the other end of the hinge shaft relative to the fixed clamp rod 20 shaft, the slug 12 is connected to the clamp rod 20 and embedded in the notch groove 11 together, and then The bolts penetrate the insert 12 and finally fix the bolts to the bottom of the notch groove 11 to realize the connection between the two; and the cooperation between the compression spring 41 and the collar part 10 is achieved through the fixing of the external nut. Function to achieve, to ensure a stable and reliable working effect between the two.

When the present invention works specifically, first align the large-diameter end of the clamping portion on the collar portion 10 with the cable body of the cable a and insert it. At this time, under the large outer diameter of the cable body of the cable a, the clamping portion The clamping rod 20 is squeezed and forced to produce outward expansion, and the present invention can be inserted into the cable body of the cable a along the forward direction. When it is necessary to pull the cable a, the operator directly holds the handle 31 and applies force. The handle 30 first slides along the outer wall of the ring part 10 under the action of the external force, and finally touches the stopper against the ring part 10. At the ring 14, under the action of the gear position, the handle part 30 can drive the ring part 10 to move at the same time when the handle part 30 continues to move backwards in the reverse direction, and the clamp rod 20 on the ring part 10 is under the friction force between the cable body and the cable body. Even under the combined action of the elastic recovery unit, it is pressed against the outer wall of the cable body, and finally clamps its outer wall, so that the entire handle part 30, the ring part 10, the clamping rod 20 and the cable body of the cable a are connected. As a whole and produce synchronous action, at this time the cable a is continuously pulled out from the cable reel. After pulling a section of the cable, the operator pushes the ring part 10 forward for a certain distance, and the clamping rod 20 is continuously squeezed and expanded by the cable body of the cable a, and then the above-mentioned action can be repeated, that is A continuous pulling effect on the cable can be achieved (in FIGS. 5-6 , the relatively large arrow is the movement direction of the collar part 10 , and the small arrow is the movement direction of the handle part 30 ).

The operation of withdrawing the cable a of the present invention is also very convenient; after pulling the specified length of the cable a, push the handle part 30 forward to the outer wall of the front ring sleeve part 10 until the inclined part 31 on the handle part 30 contacts The boss 21 of the clamp rod 20 finally gives it a downward force. Under the action of leverage, the clamp rod 20 is forced to produce a hinged swing action along its hinge axis b. At this time, the small-diameter end of the clamping part formed by the clamp rod 20 Also just produce outward expansion effect, the rod body of clamping part is received in sinking groove 13, and the pressure action of clamping rod 20 end to cable cable body no longer exists, simultaneously there is no longer between clamping rod 20 and cable cable body. interference, the collar portion 10 can be smoothly withdrawn backward along the cable body of the cable a, and then the present invention is sorted out, recovered and stored for the next use.

Claims (10)

1. Cable pull a device, it is characterized in that: comprise ring sleeve portion (10) and arranged concentric in ring sleeve portion (10) for the sheathed clamping part that clamps cable cable body to be pulled; Clamping part is made up of around ring sleeve portion (10) axis at least three clamping bars (20), and its profile is by ring sleeve portion (10) one end to the gradually little cone cage type paliform structure of its other end place bore; Each clamping bar (20) on described clamping part can along ring sleeve portion (10) radial direction do synchronous away from or near the reciprocating action of ring sleeve portion (10) axis; The minimum diameter of clamping part is less than cable cable body external diameter to be pulled and maximum inner diameter is more than or equal to cable cable body external diameter to be pulled; Described ring sleeve portion (10) outer wall place is furnished with is convenient to the handle portion (30) that manpower grips or machinery assembles; Described ring sleeve portion (10) is furnished with gap slot (11) in the end, heavy caliber end place of clamping part along its axial indent, it is shaft-like that described clamping bar (20) profile is vertical bar, each clamping bar (20) be positioned at that gap slot (11) is located and with its shaft and both sides cell wall between form hinged cooperation, the jointed shaft axis that each clamping bar (20) forms with gap slot (11) is vertical ring sleeve portion (10) axis arranged all; Described cable pulls device and also comprises for ordering about each clamping bar (20) along ring sleeve portion (10) the elastic reset unit resetting that radially backs.
2. 2. cable according to claim 1 pulls device, it is characterized in that: cable pull device also comprise for and gap slot (11) between the affixed abaculus (12) of inlay card, described jointed shaft one end is fixed in clamping bar (20) shaft place, the other end along its jointed shaft axially postpone and with abaculus (12) between form revolution coordinate; Between described abaculus (12) and gap slot (11) bottom land, bolt is affixed.
3. 3. pull device according to cable described described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described elastic reset unit comprises Compress Spring (41); Described Compress Spring (41) one end is embedded in ring sleeve portion (10) internal chamber wall place affixed with it; The other end of Compress Spring (41) radially extends along ring sleeve portion (10), and is resisted against the lateral wall place of the one section of body of rod that is positioned at ring sleeve portion (10) inner chamber place of clamping bar (20).
4. 4. described cable pulls device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: elastic reset unit also comprises for the lead of the Compress Spring that leads (41) (42), lead (42) bottom is fixed in the lateral wall place of the one section of body of rod that is positioned at ring sleeve portion (10) inner chamber place of clamping bar (20), and described Compress Spring (41) is sheathed on lead (42).
5. 5. cable according to claim 1 and 2 pulls device, it is characterized in that: described clamping bar (20) is four, clamping bar (20) profile is the arc strip with cambered surface, and the cambered surface of four clamping bars (20) encloses the contact disc that forms coated cable cable body to be pulled each other.
6. 6. cable according to claim 5 pulls device, it is characterized in that: described ring sleeve portion (10) is provided with the deep gouge (13) for dodging clamping bar (10) activity space in the end place, small-caliber end place of clamping part indent, described deep gouge (13) arranges along ring sleeve portion (10) internal chamber wall indent.
7. 7. cable according to claim 1 and 2 pulls device, it is characterized in that: described handle portion (30) profile be sleeve-shaped and with ring sleeve portion (10) outer wall between form coaxial being slidably socketed and coordinate; Described ring sleeve portion (10) convexes with ring washer (14) at the outer wall place of the lowest calibre end place of clamping part end, forms unidirectional gear and coordinate between described handle portion (30) and this ring washer (14).
8. 8. cable according to claim 7 pulls device, it is characterized in that: the press-down type that forms slip between the one section of body of rod lateral wall that is positioned at ring sleeve portion (10) outer wall place of described handle portion (30) and clamping bar (20) is against coordinating; When both form against cooperation, the minimum diameter of the clamping part of clamping bar (20) formation that encloses is more than or equal to cable cable body external diameter to be pulled.
9. 9. cable according to claim 8 pulls device, it is characterized in that: on described clamping bar (20) convex with boss (21) with one section of body of rod lateral wall place handle portion (30) cooperation place, described handle portion (30) be provided with inclined plane part (31) for forming with clamping bar (20) end coordinating, on described boss (21), possess the inclined plane of mating with this inclined plane part (31), between described boss (21) and inclined plane part (31), formation face is against coordinating.
10. 10. cable according to claim 9 pulls device, it is characterized in that: described handle portion (30) outer wall place along its radially extension cloth be equipped be convenient to staff grip handle (32), described handle (32) is two and is arranged symmetrically with along handle portion (30) axis shaft.