CN104155671A - Radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system and design method thereof - Google Patents
Radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Disclosed is a radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system, including a front diaphragm system, a shutter system, a lead container, a rotor, a drive positioning system, a base, an excitation device, a radiation source, a door source, a monitoring system, a radiation source overall structure, a radiation safety monitoring equipment supporting platform system, an image acquisition and processing system, a data upload system and a safety interlock system. Also disclosed is a design method of the radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system. When a ray emitted by the radiation source passes through a diaphragm system, a part of the ray penetrates directly without changing energy or direction thereof, another part of the ray is absorbed by a wall of the diaphragm system, and the rest is scattered. The radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system and the design method thereof have the advantages of high accuracy and high stability, and provide technical basic conditions and crucial metering guarantees for magnitude unification of rays in the fields of radiation protection for radiation therapy, radiation working staff and the public, nuclear power, safe operation of nuclear facilities and the like to meet the social development needs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radiation safety monitoring equipment detection field, particularly a kind of radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system and method for designing.
Background technology
In the use procedure of transmitted intensity checkout equipment, need regularly checkout equipment to be calibrated, existing standard ray radiation source, conventionally complex structure, radiation source intensity is single, Yuan Yuan chamber is designed to radiation source, does not deliberately leave mechanical erection or action request gap in addition.This state, the ray being sent by radioactive source active region only just together penetrates with main beam through a backscattering under many circumstances, and low-energy component in beam is increased greatly.And the power spectrum that a basic demand is exactly beam for the radiation beam as measurement standard is too not complicated.
In order to set up the standard radiation field that meets national magnitude tracing and delivery request.Safety interlocking and radiation protection are provided, provide radiation field background and radiation field homogeneity range size, adopt attenuator spreading agent dose rate scope, radiation field basic physical parameters is provided, make it meet treatment level and partly protect the calibrating of instrument and the requirement of calibration.Radiation field magnitude tracing, to National primary standard, meets national magnitude tracing and delivery request, sets up and meets radiation therapy and part protection level ray standard set-up.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to detect in order to realize for radiation safety monitoring equipment, spy provides a kind of radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system and method for designing.
The invention provides a kind of radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system, it is characterized in that: described radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system, comprises standard ray radiation source; Described standard ray radiation source, comprises front stop system 1, shutter system 2, lead container 3, rotor 4, transmission positioning system 5, base 6, excitation apparatus 7, radiation source 8, door source 9, supervisory system 10, radiation source one-piece construction 11, radiation safety monitoring equipment support platform system 12, image capturing system 13, image processing system 14, data upload system 15;
Wherein: radiation source one-piece construction 11 is barrel-shaped structure, radiation source one-piece construction 11 front ends are provided with diaphragm system 1; The front end outside of diaphragm system 1 is provided with a source 9; The rear end of diaphragm system 1 is provided with shutter system 2; Lead container 3 is arranged in radiation source one-piece construction 11 inside; Rotor 4 is connected with transmission positioning system 5 by rotation axis; On rotor 4, be evenly equipped with 2～9 through holes, the calibrated radiation source 8 of varying strength is installed in through hole; Excitation apparatus 7 is positioned at the rear positions of the through hole bottom of rotor 4, and excitation apparatus 7 is positioned on the axis of diaphragm system 1; Base 6 is arranged in radiation source one-piece construction 11 bottoms;
Radiation source one-piece construction 11 is connected with supervisory system 10 respectively with radiation safety monitoring equipment support platform system 12;
Image capturing system 13 is connected with supervisory system 10 with data upload system 15 by image processing system 14.
The power source of described transmission positioning system 5 is air cylinder driven.
Described front stop system 1 comprises 7～11 groups, equidistantly arranges.
Described radiation source 8 is 2～9.
Described shutter system 2 is supported by two concentric bearings, is located by the mechanical hook-up of fixing, and shutter duct axis overlaps completely with radiation source 8 beam axis.
Described radiation safety monitoring equipment support platform system 12, comprises guide rail 1201, bottom dolly 1202, bottom drive motor 1203, bottom driving system 1204, top dolly 1205, top drive motor 1206, top kinematic train 1207, rotation platform 1208, rotary drive motor 1209, rotation platform coupling arrangement 1210, monitoring equipment support 1211, top trundle 1212, bottom trundle 1213;
Wherein: bottom dolly 1202 is arranged on guide rail 1201 by bottom trundle 1213, bottom dolly 1202 can move along guide rail 1201 length directions, and bottom drive motor 1203 is connected with bottom trundle 1213 by bottom driving system 1204;
Top dolly 1205 is arranged on the dolly 1202 of bottom by top trundle 1212, and top dolly 1205 can move along vertical guide rail 1201 length directions, and top drive motor 1206 is connected with top trundle 1212 by top kinematic train 1207;
Rotary drive motor 1209 is arranged on top dolly 1205, and rotary drive motor 1209 is connected with rotation platform 1208 by rotation platform coupling arrangement 1210, and monitoring equipment support 1211 is arranged on rotation platform 1208.
The Main Function of shutter be make beam penetrate and close, shutter in the time going out pencil state, the hole of shutter and beam axis, radioactive source center and diaphragm are the dead in line that center forms.Any line that now radioactive source is each aperture inwall to diaphragm all can not be encountered the inwall of fast aperture of door.
The shutter of primary ray device is manual, pull unlatching by wire rope, relay adhesive is closed, design comparison is original, simultaneously due to long-term adhesive closing motion, make shutter on irradiator, get pit, affected the collimation of beam, make shutter duct axis and beam axis deviation exceed 1 ° of 0.25 ° of angular deviation and can cause the obvious impact on beam.
The shutter of this design is supported by upper and lower two concentric bearings, can rotate very easily, is located by the mechanical hook-up of fixing, and while ensureing out bundle, shutter duct axis overlaps completely with beam axis.Shutter is realized the switch of radioactive source by stepper motor, be characterized in that switching speed can accurately control by stepper motor, and system is simple, failure rate is low.
Shutter all has associated safety design in addition, and under powering-off state, shutter can be closed voluntarily, protection staff safety.
A method for designing for radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system, is characterized in that: comprising the method that reduces beam low-energy component, when photon energy is when at 0.8～4MeV, all elements except low atomic number material, taking photoelectric effect as main; ?
60the residing scope of Co ray, effect is all Compton effect, and little with atomic number relation, electron pair just can occur while only having energy higher generate dominant situation;
Diaphragm material is separated, and the overall diameter of diaphragm is 125mm, and interior diameter is 62mm, and long is 130mm; Rescattering, owing to separating the effect of diaphragm, can not be penetrated, and ensures the original power spectrum of beam.
When
60when the logical diaphragm of ray that Co radioactive source sends is, wherein a part directly sees through, and its energy and direction all do not change, and the wall that a part by diaphragm is absorbs, and some is scattered.The part being scattered produces scattered photon and recoil electron, under the structure function of diaphragm system, reduces and penetrates as far as possible.
When calibrating and measure under ionising radiation collimated beam condition, if absorption of air and scattering are negligible for the radiation beam of determining energy, detector measurement result should be obeyed the square distance law of reciprocity of point source-point probe.Be in ionizing radiation measurement, the air kerma rate K of measurement point
arwith measurement point square being inversely proportional to the distance r of radiation source.There is formula:
In formula:
K
a0the air kerma rate of active center during apart from r=0 that detector is arrived in source;
R is the active center distance that detector is arrived in source;
Accurate Determining radiation source focus arrives the distance of detector active center, and carries out resetting for definite calibration point; No matter be standard chamber, or accredited, calibration ionization chamber or the strictly resetting of other detectors calibration basic point on.
The Main Function of shutter be make beam penetrate and close, shutter in the time going out pencil state, the hole of shutter and beam axis, radioactive source center and diaphragm are the dead in line that center forms.Any line that now radioactive source is each aperture inwall to diaphragm all can not be encountered the inwall of fast aperture of door.
The shutter of primary ray device is manually, pulls unlatching by wire rope, and relay adhesive is closed, design comparison is original, simultaneously due to long-term adhesive closing motion, makes shutter on irradiator, get pit, affect the collimation of beam, made shutter duct axis and beam axis deviation exceed 1 °;
0.25 ° of angular deviation can cause the obvious impact on beam.
The shutter of this design is supported by upper and lower two concentric bearings, can rotate very easily, is located by the mechanical hook-up of fixing, and while ensureing out bundle, shutter duct axis overlaps completely with beam axis.Shutter is realized the switch of radioactive source by stepper motor, be characterized in that switching speed can accurately control by stepper motor, and system is simple, failure rate is low.
Shutter all has associated safety design in addition, and under powering-off state, shutter can be closed voluntarily, protection staff safety.
The design of supervisory system 10, based on virtual instrument technique and PID control theory, adopts modular design method, completes the measurement Design of Automatic Control System of standard set-up.TT&C system adopts LabVIEW software through pictures exploitation the integration environment, the 6 DOFs such as guide rail, universal stage and attenuator are controlled automatically, and Real-time Collection temperature, humidity, barometric information is carried out measurement result correction.In conjunction with spot sensor and 485 telecommunication techniques, radiation field is monitored in real time, set up dependable performance, respond safety interlock system timely.Whole control software interface close friend, easy to use.
Safety interlock system 16 is mainly made up of computing machine, switching value input-output card, signal transformation circuit, multiple gauge tap, state display terminal and ups power.The signal that reference mark, each road produces, after shaping, collects computing machine by switch input-output card, through a series of logic judgement, exports corresponding control signal, controls corresponding execution architecture, completes corresponding action.Adopt computer control can save a large amount of hardware devices, for example, for the relay of logic judgement, reduced the failure rate of system, the function of simultaneously also perfect control system has also been reserved space for expanded function in the future; Adopt ups power, system still can effectively be moved the in the situation that of grid cut-off, avoid unexpected generation, further cleaning system power supply is avoided misoperation simultaneously, ensures the reliability service of whole system; Adopt the signal of switching value signal as input and output, the redundance of signal is large, can effectively avoid electromagnetic interference (EMI).For the sake of assurance, switch source is controlled and has been adopted Redundancy Design thought, has computer control simultaneously and manually controls two kinds of control modes, is made as master with computer controlled, in the time that computer control was lost efficacy, can adopt manual mode to avoid accident.
For guaranteeing the safe operation of irradiation, ensure operating personnel's personal safety, the personnel of preventing are strayed into the radiation accident of radiation source undue exposure and occur, and we have designed a series of safety practice.This control system can complete collection, judgement, the generation to all safety, control signal, and state display terminal graphoscope is display system state simultaneously.When switch source and irradiation, automatically measure, record switch source and irradiation time, can input irradiation time and complete the function of automatic switch source by computing machine, all right input operation person's name, the all service datas of autostore, in the time exiting control program, can automatically generate complete log sheet, so that management.
The switch of radiation source is by the switchgear in pulpit and safety interlock system control.The speed of source switch is adjustable, ensures the repeatability of irradiation dose.The exposure time in source is accurately controlled by timer.Whole irradiation devices are by the control desk automatic or manual control outside radiation chamber.
Chamber, source design: adopt Monte Carlo Calculation machine to simulate the interaction process of the bound electron in radiation beam and source locular wall material, reach and optimize Source room structure design, reduce the object of low-energy component in radiation beam.Diaphragm system: according to Compton scatter theory, use aperture and the structure of Computer Simulation mode to diaphragm system to be optimized design, to stop most of scattered photon and electronic secondary, ensure the original energy spectral purity of beam, estimate that the diaphragm system of optimizing can reduce scattered photon portion below 35%.Shielding design: first according to the gamma ray shielding formula of power supply, material thickness is estimated, then use Monte Carlo method to carry out emulation in conjunction with source parameter and shielding construction, shielding thickness between radial dimension, thickness and each source to screen layer etc. calculates, to obtain optimized shielding design.Shutter design: shutter system is double-shutter mode, and its main shutter is lead-tungalloy pneumatic push-pull type structure, and auxiliary shuttern is electric rotary-type structure, the metering that minimizing accident is greatly occurred.Security interlock security design: adopt the modes such as Redundant Control, ups power, input signal digitizing and computer control, guarantee irradiation safe operation, ensure operator's personal safety.
Advantage of the present invention:
Radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system of the present invention and method for designing, degree of accuracy is high, good stability.Realize magnitude tracing to National primary standard, set up Transfer Standards specification, realize the working measuring instrument transmission of quantity value such as treatment level quantimeter, radiation protection and environment instrument, for ray provides technical foundation condition and crucial Metrology Support in the value unification in the fields such as the safe operation of radiation therapy, radiation worker and the public's radiation protection, nuclear power, nuclear facilities, to meet social development demand.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and the embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Fig. 1 is standard ray radiation source structural representation;
Fig. 2 is radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system theory structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is radiation safety monitoring equipment support platform system schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is compton scattered photons angle distribution and photon energy relation schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is multi-source steering logic figure.
Embodiment
Embodiment
The present embodiment provides a kind of radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system, it is characterized in that: described radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system, comprises standard ray radiation source; Described standard ray radiation source, comprises front stop system 1, shutter system 2, lead container 3, rotor 4, transmission positioning system 5, base 6, excitation apparatus 7, radiation source 8, door source 9, supervisory system 10, radiation source one-piece construction 11, radiation safety monitoring equipment support platform system 12, image capturing system 13, image processing system 14, data upload system 15;
Wherein: radiation source one-piece construction 11 is barrel-shaped structure, radiation source one-piece construction 11 front ends are provided with diaphragm system 1; The front end outside of diaphragm system 1 is provided with a source 9; The rear end of diaphragm system 1 is provided with shutter system 2; Lead container 3 is arranged in radiation source one-piece construction 11 inside; Rotor 4 is connected with transmission positioning system 5 by rotation axis; On rotor 4, be evenly equipped with 2～9 through holes, the calibrated radiation source 8 of varying strength is installed in through hole; Excitation apparatus 7 is positioned at the rear positions of the through hole bottom of rotor 4, and excitation apparatus 7 is positioned on the axis of diaphragm system 1; Base 6 is arranged in radiation source one-piece construction 11 bottoms;
Radiation source one-piece construction 11 is connected with supervisory system 10 respectively with radiation safety monitoring equipment support platform system 12;
Image capturing system 13 is connected with supervisory system 10 with data upload system 15 by image processing system 14.
The power source of described transmission positioning system 5 is air cylinder driven.
Described front stop system 1 comprises 7～11 groups, equidistantly arranges.
Described radiation source 8 is 2～9.
Described shutter system 2 is supported by two concentric bearings, is located by the mechanical hook-up of fixing, and shutter duct axis overlaps completely with radiation source 8 beam axis.
Described radiation safety monitoring equipment support platform system 12, comprises guide rail 1201, bottom dolly 1202, bottom drive motor 1203, bottom driving system 1204, top dolly 1205, top drive motor 1206, top kinematic train 1207, rotation platform 1208, rotary drive motor 1209, rotation platform coupling arrangement 1210, monitoring equipment support 1211, top trundle 1212, bottom trundle 1213;
Wherein: bottom dolly 1202 is arranged on guide rail 1201 by bottom trundle 1213, bottom dolly 1202 can move along guide rail 1201 length directions, and bottom drive motor 1203 is connected with bottom trundle 1213 by bottom driving system 1204;
Top dolly 1205 is arranged on the dolly 1202 of bottom by top trundle 1212, and top dolly 1205 can move along vertical guide rail 1201 length directions, and top drive motor 1206 is connected with top trundle 1212 by top kinematic train 1207;
Rotary drive motor 1209 is arranged on top dolly 1205, and rotary drive motor 1209 is connected with rotation platform 1208 by rotation platform coupling arrangement 1210, and monitoring equipment support 1211 is arranged on rotation platform 1208.
The Main Function of shutter be make beam penetrate and close, shutter in the time going out pencil state, the hole of shutter and beam axis, radioactive source center and diaphragm are the dead in line that center forms.Any line that now radioactive source is each aperture inwall to diaphragm all can not be encountered the inwall of fast aperture of door.
The shutter of primary ray device is manual, pull unlatching by wire rope, relay adhesive is closed, design comparison is original, simultaneously due to long-term adhesive closing motion, make shutter on irradiator, get pit, affected the collimation of beam, make shutter duct axis and beam axis deviation exceed 1 ° of 0.25 ° of angular deviation and can cause the obvious impact on beam.
The shutter of this design is supported by upper and lower two concentric bearings, can rotate very easily, is located by the mechanical hook-up of fixing, and while ensureing out bundle, shutter duct axis overlaps completely with beam axis.Shutter is realized the switch of radioactive source by stepper motor, be characterized in that switching speed can accurately control by stepper motor, and system is simple, failure rate is low.
Shutter all has associated safety design in addition, and under powering-off state, shutter can be closed voluntarily, protection staff safety.
A method for designing for radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system, is characterized in that: comprising the method that reduces beam low-energy component, when photon energy is when at 0.8～4MeV, all elements except low atomic number material, taking photoelectric effect as main; In the residing scope of 60Co ray, effect is all Compton effect, and little with atomic number relation, electron pair just can occur while only having energy higher generate dominant situation;
Diaphragm material is separated, and the overall diameter of diaphragm is 125mm, and interior diameter is 62mm, and long is 130mm; Rescattering, owing to separating the effect of diaphragm, can not be penetrated, and ensures the original power spectrum of beam.
When
60when the logical diaphragm of ray that Co radioactive source sends is, wherein a part directly sees through, and its energy and direction all do not change, and the wall that a part by diaphragm is absorbs, and some is scattered.The part being scattered produces scattered photon and recoil electron, under the structure function of diaphragm system, reduces and penetrates as far as possible.
When calibrating and measure under ionising radiation collimated beam condition, if absorption of air and scattering are negligible for the radiation beam of determining energy, detector measurement result should be obeyed the square distance law of reciprocity of point source-point probe.Be in ionizing radiation measurement, the air kerma rate K of measurement point
arwith measurement point square being inversely proportional to the distance r of radiation source.There is formula:
In formula:
K
a0the air kerma rate of active center during apart from r=0 that detector is arrived in source;
R is the active center distance that detector is arrived in source;
Accurate Determining radiation source focus arrives the distance of detector active center, and carries out resetting for definite calibration point; No matter be standard chamber, or accredited, calibration ionization chamber or the strictly resetting of other detectors calibration basic point on.
The Main Function of shutter be make beam penetrate and close, shutter in the time going out pencil state, the hole of shutter and beam axis, radioactive source center and diaphragm are the dead in line that center forms.Any line that now radioactive source is each aperture inwall to diaphragm all can not be encountered the inwall of fast aperture of door.
The shutter of primary ray device is manually, pulls unlatching by wire rope, and relay adhesive is closed, design comparison is original, simultaneously due to long-term adhesive closing motion, makes shutter on irradiator, get pit, affect the collimation of beam, made shutter duct axis and beam axis deviation exceed 1 °;
0.25 ° of angular deviation can cause the obvious impact on beam.
The shutter of this design is supported by upper and lower two concentric bearings, can rotate very easily, is located by the mechanical hook-up of fixing, and while ensureing out bundle, shutter duct axis overlaps completely with beam axis.Shutter is realized the switch of radioactive source by stepper motor, be characterized in that switching speed can accurately control by stepper motor, and system is simple, failure rate is low.
Shutter all has associated safety design in addition, and under powering-off state, shutter can be closed voluntarily, protection staff safety.
The design of supervisory system 10, based on virtual instrument technique and PID control theory, adopts modular design method, completes the measurement Design of Automatic Control System of standard set-up.TT&C system adopts LabVIEW software through pictures exploitation the integration environment, the 6 DOFs such as guide rail, universal stage and attenuator are controlled automatically, and Real-time Collection temperature, humidity, barometric information is carried out measurement result correction.In conjunction with spot sensor and 485 telecommunication techniques, radiation field is monitored in real time, set up dependable performance, respond safety interlock system timely.Whole control software interface close friend, easy to use.
Safety interlock system 16 is mainly made up of computing machine, switching value input-output card, signal transformation circuit, multiple gauge tap, state display terminal and ups power.The signal that reference mark, each road produces, after shaping, collects computing machine by switch input-output card, through a series of logic judgement, exports corresponding control signal, controls corresponding execution architecture, completes corresponding action.Adopt computer control can save a large amount of hardware devices, for example, for the relay of logic judgement, reduced the failure rate of system, the function of simultaneously also perfect control system has also been reserved space for expanded function in the future; Adopt ups power, system still can effectively be moved the in the situation that of grid cut-off, avoid unexpected generation, further cleaning system power supply is avoided misoperation simultaneously, ensures the reliability service of whole system; Adopt the signal of switching value signal as input and output, the redundance of signal is large, can effectively avoid electromagnetic interference (EMI).For the sake of assurance, switch source is controlled and has been adopted Redundancy Design thought, has computer control simultaneously and manually controls two kinds of control modes, is made as master with computer controlled, in the time that computer control was lost efficacy, can adopt manual mode to avoid accident.
For guaranteeing the safe operation of irradiation, ensure operating personnel's personal safety, the personnel of preventing are strayed into the radiation accident of radiation source undue exposure and occur, and we have designed a series of safety practice.This control system can complete collection, judgement, the generation to all safety, control signal, and state display terminal graphoscope is display system state simultaneously.When switch source and irradiation, automatically measure, record switch source and irradiation time, can input irradiation time and complete the function of automatic switch source by computing machine, all right input operation person's name, the all service datas of autostore, in the time exiting control program, can automatically generate complete log sheet, so that management.
The switch of radiation source is by the switchgear in pulpit and safety interlock system control.The speed of source switch is adjustable, ensures the repeatability of irradiation dose.The exposure time in source is accurately controlled by timer.Whole irradiation devices are by the control desk automatic or manual control outside radiation chamber.
Claims (10)
1. a radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system, is characterized in that: described radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system, comprises standard ray radiation source; Described standard ray radiation source, comprise front stop system (1), shutter system (2), lead container (3), rotor (4), transmission positioning system (5), base (6), excitation apparatus (7), radiation source (8), door source (9), supervisory system (10), radiation source one-piece construction (11), radiation safety monitoring equipment support platform system (12), image capturing system (13), image processing system (14), data upload system (15), safety interlock system (16);
Wherein: radiation source one-piece construction (11) is barrel-shaped structure, radiation source one-piece construction (11) front end is provided with diaphragm system (1); The front end outside of diaphragm system (1) is provided with a source (9); The rear end of diaphragm system (1) is provided with shutter system (2); Lead container (3) is arranged in radiation source one-piece construction (11) inside; Rotor (4) is connected with transmission positioning system (5) by rotation axis; On rotor (4), be evenly equipped with 2～9 through holes, the calibrated radiation source (8) of varying strength is installed in through hole; Excitation apparatus (7) is positioned at the rear positions of the through hole bottom of rotor (4), and excitation apparatus (7) is positioned on the axis of diaphragm system (1); Base (6) is arranged in radiation source one-piece construction (11) bottom;
Radiation source one-piece construction (11) is connected with supervisory system (10) respectively with radiation safety monitoring equipment support platform system (12); Image capturing system (13) is connected with supervisory system (10) with data upload system (15) by image processing system (14); Safety interlock system (16) is connected with supervisory system (10).
2. according to radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the power source of described transmission positioning system (5) is air cylinder driven.
3. according to radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described front stop system (1) comprises 7～11 groups, equidistantly arrange.
4. according to radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described radiation source (8) is 2～9.
5. according to radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described shutter system (2) is supported by two concentric bearings, located by the mechanical hook-up of fixing, shutter duct axis overlaps completely with radiation source (8) beam axis.
6. according to radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described radiation safety monitoring equipment support platform system (12), comprise guide rail (1201), bottom dolly (1202), bottom drive motor (1203), bottom driving system (1204), top dolly (1205), top drive motor (1206), top kinematic train (1207), rotation platform (1208), rotary drive motor (1209), rotation platform coupling arrangement (1210), monitoring equipment support (1211), top trundle (1212), bottom trundle (1213),
Wherein: bottom dolly (1202) is arranged on guide rail (1201) by bottom trundle (1213), bottom dolly (1202) can move along guide rail (1201) length direction, and bottom drive motor (1203) is connected with bottom trundle (1213) by bottom driving system (1204);
Top dolly (1205) is arranged on bottom dolly (1202) by top trundle (1212), top dolly (1205) can move along vertical guide rail (1201) length direction, and top drive motor (1206) is connected with top trundle (1212) by top kinematic train (1207);
Rotary drive motor (1209) is arranged on top dolly (1205), rotary drive motor (1209) is connected with rotation platform (1208) by rotation platform coupling arrangement (1210), and monitoring equipment support (1211) is arranged on rotation platform (1208).
7. a method for designing for radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: comprising the method that reduces beam low-energy component, diaphragm material is separated, the overall diameter of diaphragm is 125mm, and interior diameter is 62mm, and long is 130mm; Rescattering, owing to separating the effect of diaphragm, can not be penetrated, and ensures the original power spectrum of beam; The overall diameter of diaphragm is 125mm, and interior diameter is 62mm, and long is 130mm;
When
60when the logical diaphragm of ray that Co radioactive source sends is, wherein a part directly sees through, and its energy and direction all do not change, and the wall that a part by diaphragm is absorbs, and some is scattered; The part being scattered produces scattered photon and recoil electron, under the structure function of diaphragm system, reduces and penetrates as far as possible;
In ionizing radiation measurement, the air kerma rate K of measurement point
arwith measurement point square being inversely proportional to the distance r of radiation source; There is formula:
In formula: K
a0the air kerma rate of active center during apart from r=0 that detector is arrived in source;
R is the active center distance that detector is arrived in source;
Accurate Determining radiation source focus arrives the distance of detector active center, and carries out resetting for definite calibration point; No matter be standard chamber, or accredited, calibration ionization chamber or the strictly resetting of other detectors calibration basic point on.
8. according to the method for designing of radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: the design of shutter system, ensure hole and the beam axis of shutter, be that radioactive source center and diaphragm are the dead in line that center forms, any line that now radioactive source is each aperture inwall to diaphragm all can not be encountered the inwall of fast aperture of door; Make shutter duct axis and beam axis deviation be no more than 0.25 °;
Shutter is supported by upper and lower two concentric bearings, can rotate very easily, is located by the mechanical hook-up of fixing, and while ensureing out bundle, shutter duct axis overlaps completely with beam axis; Shutter is realized the switch of radioactive source by stepper motor, be characterized in that switching speed can accurately control by stepper motor; Shutter all has safeguard construction design, and under powering-off state, shutter can be closed voluntarily, protection staff safety.
9. according to the method for designing of radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: the design of supervisory system (10), based on virtual instrument technique and PID control theory, adopt modular design method, complete the measurement Design of Automatic Control System of standard set-up; TT&C system adopts LabVIEW software through pictures exploitation the integration environment, the 6 DOFs such as guide rail, universal stage and attenuator are controlled automatically, and Real-time Collection temperature, humidity, barometric information is carried out measurement result correction; In conjunction with spot sensor and 485 telecommunication techniques, radiation field is monitored in real time, set up dependable performance, respond safety interlock system timely.
10. according to the method for designing of radiation safety monitoring equipment detection system claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: safety interlock system (16) is made up of computing machine, switching value input-output card, signal transformation circuit, multiple gauge tap, state display terminal and ups power;
The signal that reference mark, each road produces, after shaping, collects computing machine by switch input-output card, through a series of logic judgement, exports corresponding control signal, controls corresponding execution architecture, completes corresponding action; Adopt computer control to save a large amount of hardware devices, for the relay of logic judgement, reduced the failure rate of system, the function of simultaneously also perfect control system has also been reserved space for expanded function in the future; Adopt ups power, system still can effectively be moved the in the situation that of grid cut-off, avoid unexpected generation, further cleaning system power supply is avoided misoperation simultaneously, ensures the reliability service of whole system; Adopt the signal of switching value signal as input and output, the redundance of signal is large, can effectively avoid electromagnetic interference (EMI); Switch source is controlled and has been adopted Redundancy Design, has computer control simultaneously and manually controls two kinds of control modes, is made as master with computer controlled, in the time that computer control was lost efficacy, can adopt manual mode to avoid accident;
For guaranteeing the safe operation of irradiation, ensure operating personnel's personal safety, the personnel of preventing are strayed into the radiation accident of radiation source undue exposure and occur, and safety practice is as follows:
Control system completes collection, judgement, the generation to all safety, control signal, and state display terminal graphoscope is display system state simultaneously; When switch source and irradiation, automatically measure, record switch source and irradiation time, can input irradiation time and complete the function of automatic switch source by computing machine, all right input operation person's name, the all service datas of autostore, in the time exiting control program, can automatically generate complete log sheet, so that management;
The switch of radiation source is by the switchgear in pulpit and safety interlock system control; The speed of source switch is adjustable, ensures the repeatability of irradiation dose; The exposure time in source is accurately controlled by timer, and whole radiation source one-piece construction (11) is by the control desk automatic or manual control outside radiation chamber.
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| CN112068177A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-11 | 成都理工大学工程技术学院 | A bionic α internal pollution measurement and monitoring device |
| CN113495288A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-12 | 雷震 | Hospital radiology department radiation dose monitoring and controlling equipment and method thereof |
| CN115023019A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-09-06 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | A Radiation Dose Interlocking Control System for Accelerators |
| CN117690535A (en) * | 2024-02-02 | 2024-03-12 | 西安聚能医工科技有限公司 | MC simulation-based radiation beam limiting model and application |
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