CN104155008A

CN104155008A - Method for correcting measuring errors of infrared temperature monitoring system

Info

Publication number: CN104155008A
Application number: CN201410363430.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 崔昊杨; 王超群; 刘璨; 王佳林; 许永鹏; 杨俊杰; 唐忠
Original assignee: Shanghai University of Electric Power
Current assignee: Shanghai University of Electric Power
Priority date: 2014-07-28
Filing date: 2014-07-28
Publication date: 2014-11-19

Abstract

The invention relates to a measurement error correction method of an infrared temperature monitoring system. When an infrared thermometer is used to measure the temperature of a measured target, the area of the measured target is fixed. When the distance exceeds the effective temperature measurement distance of the infrared thermometer distance coefficient ratio, the temperature collected by the thermometer is the mixed temperature of the measured target and the background temperature overflowing the range of the measured target, and the measurement accuracy will be greatly reduced. The present invention can be based on The temperature value measured by the infrared thermometer, the ambient temperature, the atmospheric transmittance, the area of the measured target and other parameters are calculated to obtain the corresponding infrared temperature measurement error correction value at different distances when the effective distance is exceeded. The method solves the problems that the existing infrared temperature measurement error correction method has large error, lack of universality and complicated method. The method of the invention is convenient to use, does not need simulation experiments, and has certain universality and applicability.

Description

A Method for Correcting Measurement Errors of Infrared Temperature Monitoring System

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种红外温度测量技术，特别涉及一种红外温度监测系统测量误差修正方法。The invention relates to an infrared temperature measurement technology, in particular to a measurement error correction method of an infrared temperature monitoring system.

背景技术Background technique

随着红外测温技术的发展，红外测温仪大量的应用在电力，石油，化工等工业领域。工业现场红外测温的精确度，直接影响着红外诊断的结果。在实际应用中，有一系列主客观因素影响红外检测的准确性。由于安全要求或测量条件的限制，往往会根据实际需要调节红外测温仪到目标的距离，但是红外测温仪的距离系数比是固定的，在超过一定距离时，由于测温的视场增大，探测器接受到的辐射能量同时包括目标和背景的辐射能量，测温精度将大大衰减。With the development of infrared temperature measurement technology, infrared thermometers are widely used in electric power, petroleum, chemical and other industrial fields. The accuracy of infrared temperature measurement on industrial sites directly affects the results of infrared diagnosis. In practical applications, there are a series of subjective and objective factors that affect the accuracy of infrared detection. Due to the limitation of safety requirements or measurement conditions, the distance from the infrared thermometer to the target is often adjusted according to actual needs, but the distance coefficient ratio of the infrared thermometer is fixed. Large, the radiation energy received by the detector includes both target and background radiation energy, and the temperature measurement accuracy will be greatly attenuated.

现有的红外监测系统测温误差修正方法主要包括修正系数法和定标曲线修正法。修正系数法是通过模拟实验在不同距离上测量同一热源温度随距离的变化，得到一组温度随检测距离变化的修正系数数据。这种方法虽然使用起来比较方便，但是修正系数都是在特定的条件下获得的，当用于不同的环境时，将引起较大的误差。定标曲线修正法的原理和优缺点与修正系数法相同。The existing temperature measurement error correction methods of infrared monitoring system mainly include correction coefficient method and calibration curve correction method. The correction coefficient method is to measure the change of the temperature of the same heat source with the distance through the simulation experiment at different distances, and obtain a set of correction coefficient data of the change of the temperature with the detection distance. Although this method is more convenient to use, the correction coefficients are all obtained under specific conditions, which will cause large errors when used in different environments. The principle, advantages and disadvantages of the calibration curve correction method are the same as those of the correction coefficient method.

文献：陈衡，尹增谦.设备故障红外诊断中温度测量的距离修正方法[J].激光与红外，1998，28(4)：220-223.提出了一种红外诊断中温度测量的距离修正方法，但给出的修正公式有一定的局限性，由于电力设备故障温度一般不超过300℃，该文献中提出的衰减系数无法通过实验测得，因此在所测温度较低的情况下，这种修正方法存在明显的不足。Literature: Chen Heng, Yin Zengqian. Distance Correction Method for Temperature Measurement in Infrared Diagnosis of Equipment Faults [J]. Laser and Infrared, 1998, 28(4): 220-223. A distance correction method for temperature measurement in infrared diagnosis was proposed , but the correction formula given has certain limitations. Since the failure temperature of power equipment generally does not exceed 300°C, the attenuation coefficient proposed in this document cannot be measured experimentally. Therefore, in the case of low measured temperature, this There are obvious deficiencies in the correction method.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明是针对现在的红外测温方法用于不同的环境时，将引起较大的误差的问题，提出了一种红外温度监测系统测量误差修正方法，解决现有红外测温误差修正方法误差较大，不具备普遍性，方法复杂的问题。The present invention aims at the problem that large errors will be caused when the current infrared temperature measurement method is used in different environments, and proposes a measurement error correction method for an infrared temperature monitoring system, which solves the problem that the existing infrared temperature measurement error correction method has relatively large errors. Large, non-universal, methodologically complex problems.

本发明的技术方案为：一种红外温度监测系统测量误差修正方法，具体包括如下步骤：The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for correcting measurement errors of an infrared temperature monitoring system, which specifically includes the following steps:

1)将红外测温仪与被测目标的测温区域进行对准，对红外测温仪的测温光路进行校准调节，使测温区域的圆心和红外测温仪的入瞳孔中心位于同一水平高度；是红外测温仪的距离系数比，距离系数比为测温仪探头到被测目标之间的距离D与红外测温仪此时的视场直径S的比值，是固定的参数，定义被测目标区域面积为A₀，被测目标区域的发射率为ε_0λ温度设为T₀；1) Align the infrared thermometer with the temperature measurement area of the target to be measured, and calibrate and adjust the temperature measurement optical path of the infrared thermometer so that the center of the temperature measurement area and the entrance pupil center of the infrared thermometer are at the same level high; is the distance coefficient ratio of the infrared thermometer, and the distance coefficient ratio is the ratio of the distance D between the probe of the thermometer to the measured target and the diameter S of the field of view of the infrared thermometer at this time, which is a fixed parameter and defines the measured The area of the target area is A ₀ , and the emissivity of the measured target area is ε _0λ and the temperature is set as T ₀ ;

2)逐渐增大红外测温仪与被测目标之间的距离d，使红外测温仪的视场超出被测目标区域，此时测温仪视场的面积为A，测温仪所采集到的温度为被测目标区域A₀和溢出被测目标范围A-A₀的混合温度，溢出被测目标范围区域的发射率为ε_1λ，温度为T₁；2) Gradually increase the distance d between the infrared thermometer and the target to be measured, so that the field of view of the infrared thermometer exceeds the area of the target to be measured. At this time, the area of the field of view of the thermometer is A, and the collected The temperature reached is the mixed temperature of the measured target area _A0 and the overflow measured target range _AA0 , the emissivity of the overflow measured target range area is _ε1λ , and the temperature is _T1 ;

3)红外测温仪通过红外探测器将采集到的视场增大后总的红外辐射信号转化为电压信号，红外测温仪将获得的电压信号转化为温度值进行显示；3) The infrared thermometer converts the collected infrared radiation signal into a voltage signal after the field of view is enlarged through the infrared detector, and the infrared thermometer converts the obtained voltage signal into a temperature value for display;

4)可对红外测温仪所测温度Tr进行误差修正，修正后被测物体表面温度为：4) Error correction can be performed on the temperature Tr measured by the infrared thermometer. After correction, the surface temperature of the measured object is:

${T T}_{00} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} {{\frac{11}{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ}} \cdot \cdot k k (({T T}_{r r}^{m m} - - {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m})) - - ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} - - [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}},,$

k为红外测温仪视场面积与被测目标面积的比值； k is the ratio of the field of view area of the infrared thermometer to the area of the measured target;

5)假定背景温度即A-A₀区域的温度和大气温度、环境温度相等，即T₁＝T_u＝T_a，，对红外测温仪所测温度T_r进行误差修正，当近距离测温时可忽略大气透过率的影响，此时大气的光谱透射率τ_aλ＝1，大气发射率ε_aλ＝1-τ_aλ，λ代表红外测温仪的工作波段，当被测物体表面满足灰体时可近似认为被测目标的表面发射率与被测目标表面吸收率相等，即ε_0λ＝α_0λ，ε_1λ＝α_1λ，5) Assume that the background temperature, that is, the temperature in the AA ₀ area, is equal to the atmospheric temperature and the ambient temperature, that is, T ₁ =T _u =T _a , and correct the error of the temperature T _r measured by the infrared thermometer. When measuring the temperature at close range The influence of atmospheric transmittance can be ignored. At this time, the spectral transmittance of the atmosphere τ _aλ = 1, the atmospheric emissivity ε _aλ = 1-τ _aλ , and λ represents the working band of the infrared thermometer. When the surface of the measured object meets the gray body It can be approximately considered that the surface emissivity of the measured target is equal to the surface absorptivity of the measured target, that is, ε _0λ = α _0λ , ε _1λ = α _1λ ,

修正后被测物体表面温度 $T_{0} = {\frac{1}{ϵ_{0 λ}} [k \cdot {T_{r}}^{m} - (k - ϵ_{0 λ}) {T_{u}}^{m}]}^{\frac{1}{m}},$ Surface temperature of the measured object after correction $T_{0} = {\frac{1}{ϵ_{0 λ}} [k &Center Dot; {T_{r}}^{m} - (k - ϵ_{0 λ}) {T_{u}}^{m}]}^{\frac{1}{m}},$

其中 ${T_{r}}^{m} = \frac{1}{k} [ϵ_{0 λ} {T_{0}}^{m} + (k - ϵ_{0 λ}) {T_{u}}^{m}],$ in ${T_{r}}^{m} = \frac{1}{k} [ϵ_{0 λ} {T_{0}}^{m} + (k - ϵ_{0 λ}) {T_{u}}^{m}],$

A＝πR²＝πd²tg²θA＝πR ² ＝πd ² tg ² θ

其中 $tgθ = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{D}{S}$ in $tgθ = \frac{1}{2} &Center Dot; \frac{D.}{S}$

R为测温仪视场的半径，A₀的面积由被测目标的表面形状决定；R is the radius of the field of view of the thermometer, and the area of _A0 is determined by the surface shape of the measured target;

式中ε_0λ为被测目标的表面发射率，m为常数，根据红外测温仪的工作波段取值，工作波段是8～14μm时，取m＝4.09，工作波段是3～5μm时，取m＝9.3。In the formula, _ε0λ is the surface emissivity of the target to be measured, and m is a constant. According to the value of the working band of the infrared thermometer, when the working band is 8-14 μm, take m=4.09, and when the working band is 3-5 μm, take m=4.09. m=9.3.

所述红外温度监测系统测量误差修正方法，所述步骤3)中的红外探测器将采集到的视场增大后总的红外辐射信号转化为电压信号，转换电压V_s为：The infrared temperature monitoring system measurement error correction method, the infrared detector in the step 3) converts the collected infrared radiation signal into a voltage signal after the field of view increases, and the conversion voltage V _is :

V_s＝A_RA₀d^-2{τ_aλ[ε_0λf(T₀)+(1-α_0λ)f(T_u)]+ε_aλf(T_a)}+(k-1)A_RA₀d^-2{τ_aλ[ε₁λf(T₁)+(1-α_1λ)f(T_u)]+ε_aλf(T_a)}V _s ＝A _R A ₀ d ^-2 {τ _aλ [ε _0λ f(T ₀ )+(1-α _0λ )f(T _u )]+ε _aλ f(T _a )}+(k-1)A _R A ₀ d ^-2 {τ _aλ [ε ₁ λf(T ₁ )+(1-α _1λ )f(T _u )]+ε _aλ f(T _a )}

其中A_R为红外测温仪探测器的面积，Where _AR is the area of the infrared thermometer detector,

电压信号转化为温度显示，具体方法为：The voltage signal is converted into temperature display, the specific method is:

令K_m＝A_RAd^-2，由于设备温度与其电压信号是一一对应且成正比关系，令V_s/K_m＝f(T_r)，温度显示值为：Let K _m ＝A _R Ad ^-2 , since the equipment temperature and its voltage signal are in one-to-one correspondence and proportional relationship, let V _s /K _m ＝f(T _r ), the temperature display value is:

$\begin{matrix} f f (({T T}_{r r})) = = \frac{11}{k k} {{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ} [[{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ} f f (({T T}_{00})) + + ((11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ})) f f (({T T}_{u u}))]] + + {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} f f (({T T}_{a a}))}} \\ + + \frac{k k - - 11}{k k} {{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ} [[{ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} f f (({T T}_{11})) + + ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ})) f f (({T T}_{u u}))]] + + {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} f f (({T T}_{a a}))}} \end{matrix},,$

${T T}_{r r} = = {{\frac{11}{k k} {{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ} {{{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ} T T}_{00}^{m m} + + ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} + + [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}} + + k k {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} . .$

本发明的有益效果在于：本发明红外温度监测系统测量误差修正方法，通过使用红外测温仪对被测目标温度进行测量，并且不断增大红外测温仪和被测目标之间的距离，得到不同距离处的温度值。根据所测得温度值和环境温度以及大气透射率等参数进行计算，得到不同距离处的红外测温距离修正值。本发明测量误差修正方法使用方便，无需模拟实验，具备一定的普遍性和应用性。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the infrared temperature monitoring system measurement error correction method of the present invention, by using the infrared thermometer to measure the temperature of the measured target, and continuously increasing the distance between the infrared thermometer and the measured target, can be obtained Temperature values at different distances. According to the measured temperature value and parameters such as ambient temperature and atmospheric transmittance, the correction value of infrared temperature measurement distance at different distances is obtained. The measurement error correction method of the invention is easy to use, does not need simulation experiments, and has certain universality and applicability.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明红外测温仪视场大于被测目标面积的红外辐射模型图；Fig. 1 is the infrared radiation model figure that the field of view of the infrared thermometer of the present invention is greater than the measured target area;

图2为本发明实施例装置图；Fig. 2 is a device diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

图3为本发明误差修正流程图。Fig. 3 is a flow chart of error correction in the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

由于红外测温仪的距离系数比D∶S的值是固定的，距离系数比为测温仪探头到被测目标之间的距离D与红外测温仪此时的视场直径S的比值。所以红外测温仪的测温视场面积大小与测温仪探头到目标之间的距离有关。红外测温仪探头与被测目标之间的实际距离d为可根据测温需要调节的变化值，被测目标的面积为固定值。被测目标面积为A₀，被测目标的表面发射率为ε_0λ，温度为T₀，A₀的面积由被测目标的表面形状决定，如图1中黑色阴影部分所示，被测目标为圆形，此时A₀＝πr²，r为圆的半径。随着测温仪探头与被测目标之间距离d的增大，如图1中所示，测温仪的视场面积将增大，测温仪视场将溢出被测目标，溢出被测目标范围的区域表面发射率为ε_1λ，温度为T₁，此时测温仪所采集到的温度为被测目标和溢出被测目标范围的背景温度的混合温度，及A₀区域和A-A₀区域的混合温度，将大大降低测温的精度，此时测温仪视场的面积为A，如图1所示。Since the value of the distance coefficient ratio D:S of the infrared thermometer is fixed, the distance coefficient ratio is the ratio of the distance D between the probe of the thermometer to the measured target and the diameter S of the field of view of the infrared thermometer at this time. Therefore, the temperature measurement field area of the infrared thermometer is related to the distance between the thermometer probe and the target. The actual distance d between the infrared thermometer probe and the measured target is a variable value that can be adjusted according to the temperature measurement needs, and the area of the measured target is a fixed value. The area of the measured target is A ₀ , the surface emissivity of the measured target is ε _0λ , the temperature is T ₀ , the area of A ₀ is determined by the surface shape of the measured target, as shown in the black shaded part in Figure 1, the measured target is a circle, at this time A ₀ =πr ² , where r is the radius of the circle. As the distance d between the probe of the thermometer and the measured target increases, as shown in Figure 1, the field of view of the thermometer will increase, and the field of view of the thermometer will overflow the measured target and overflow the measured target. The area surface emissivity of the target range is ε _1λ , and the temperature is T ₁ . At this time, the temperature collected by the thermometer is the mixed temperature of the measured target and the background temperature overflowing the measured target range, and the A ₀ area and AA ₀ The mixed temperature in the area will greatly reduce the accuracy of temperature measurement. At this time, the area of the pyrometer field of view is A, as shown in Figure 1.

如图2所示实施例装置图，使用红外测温仪1对被测目标温度进行测量时，被测目标的面积是固定的，当红外测温仪1探头与被测目标之间的距离超过红外测温仪1距离系数比要求范围时，测量精度将大大降低，测量误差将会增大，本发明可根据红外测温仪1所测得温度值和环境温度以及大气透射率等参数进行计算，得到超出范围的不同距离处的红外测温误差修正值。本发明测量误差修正方法使用方便，无需模拟实验，具备一定的普遍性和应用性。在一定程度上解决了红外测温仪1在超过距离系数比距离后测温误差急剧增大的问题，增强了红外测温仪1的工业现场应用能力。Embodiment device figure as shown in Figure 2, when using infrared thermometer 1 to measure the target temperature, the area of the measured target is fixed, when the distance between the infrared thermometer 1 probe and the measured target exceeds When the distance coefficient of the infrared thermometer 1 is greater than the required range, the measurement accuracy will be greatly reduced, and the measurement error will increase. The present invention can calculate according to the temperature value measured by the infrared thermometer 1, the ambient temperature, and the atmospheric transmittance. , to obtain the infrared temperature measurement error correction value at different distances beyond the range. The measurement error correction method of the invention is easy to use, does not need simulation experiments, and has certain universality and applicability. To a certain extent, the problem that the temperature measurement error of the infrared thermometer 1 increases sharply after the distance coefficient ratio is exceeded is solved, and the industrial field application ability of the infrared thermometer 1 is enhanced.

首先，根据红外测温仪1的测温要求，将开口直径为x的黑体炉2与红外测温仪1的入瞳孔放置在同一水平高度，对红外测温仪1的测温光路进行准直调节，使红外测温仪1的入瞳孔与黑体炉2的开口在同一水平直线上。First, according to the temperature measurement requirements of the infrared thermometer 1, the black body furnace 2 with an opening diameter of x and the entrance pupil of the infrared thermometer 1 are placed at the same level, and the temperature measurement optical path of the infrared thermometer 1 is collimated Adjust so that the entrance pupil of the infrared thermometer 1 and the opening of the blackbody furnace 2 are on the same horizontal straight line.

接通黑体炉2的电源，打开温度调节开关，调节并保持黑体炉2的温度恒定，开启红外测温仪1，黑体炉2的开口区域为圆形，x为黑体炉2的开口直径，保持红外测温仪1与黑体炉2之间的距离为即S≥x。在这种情况下，红外测温仪的视场将溢出黑体炉2的开口区域。由上文可知，红外测温仪测温将产生很大的误差。使用激光测距仪对红外测温仪探头到黑体炉2开口之间的水平距离进行测量，并记录。其中，是红外测温仪1的距离系数比，为测温仪探头到被测目标之间的距离D与红外测温仪此时的视场直径S之比，开口面积为A₀。Turn on the power of the blackbody furnace 2, turn on the temperature adjustment switch, adjust and keep the temperature of the blackbody furnace 2 constant, turn on the infrared thermometer 1, the opening area of the blackbody furnace 2 is circular, x is the opening diameter of the blackbody furnace 2, keep The distance between the infrared thermometer 1 and the black body furnace 2 is That is, S≥x. In this case, the field of view of the infrared thermometer will overflow the opening area of the blackbody furnace 2 . It can be seen from the above that the infrared thermometer will produce a large error in temperature measurement. Use a laser rangefinder to measure the horizontal distance between the infrared thermometer probe and the opening of the black body furnace 2, and record it. in, is the ratio of the distance coefficient of the infrared thermometer 1, and is the ratio of the distance D between the probe of the thermometer to the measured target and the diameter S of the field of view of the infrared thermometer at this time, and the opening area is A ₀ .

当红外测温仪1与黑体炉2之间的距离为时，即S≥x。测温仪视场的面积为A，A大于直径为x的测温区域的面积A₀，红外测温仪采集到的红外辐射照度为视场内总的红外辐射照度。要想测得温度，需要确定视场内总的辐射照度，可推出红外探测器接收到的总的辐射照度，即A₀区域的辐射照度加上A-A₀区域的辐射照度：When the distance between the infrared thermometer 1 and the black body furnace 2 is , that is, S≥x. The area of the field of view of the thermometer is A, and A is greater than the area A ₀ of the temperature measurement area with a diameter of x, and the infrared irradiance collected by the infrared thermometer is the total infrared illuminance in the field of view. In order to measure the temperature, it is necessary to determine the total irradiance in the field of view. The total irradiance received by the infrared detector can be deduced, that is, the irradiance of the A ₀ area plus the irradiance of the AA ₀ area:

E_λ＝A₀d^-2[τ_aλε_0λL_bλ(T₀)+τ_aλ(1-α_0λ)L_bλ(T_u)+ε_aλL_bλ(T_a)]+(A-A₀)d^-2[τ_aλε_1λL_bλ(T₁)+τ_aλ(1-α_1λ)L_bλ(T_u)+ε_aλL_bλ(T_a)] (1)E _λ ＝A ₀ d ^-2 [τ _aλ ε _0λ L _bλ (T ₀ )+τ _aλ (1-α _0λ )L _bλ (T _u )+ε _aλ L _bλ (T _a )]+(AA ₀ )d ^-2 [τ _aλ ε _1λ L _bλ (T ₁ )+τ _aλ (1-α _1λ )L _bλ (T _u )+ε _aλ L _bλ (T _a )] (1)

式中，ε_λ为表面发射率，α_λ为表面吸收率，τ_αλ为大气的光谱透射率，ε_αλ为大气发射率，T₀为被测物体表面温度，T_u为环境温度，T_α为大气温度，d为该目标到测量仪器之间的距离。A₀为红外测温仪最小空间张角θ所对应的目标的可视面积。A为背景区域总面积，即红外测温仪此时的视场面积，视场内超出直径为x的测温区域的部分即A-A₀区域的发射率为ε_1λ，温度为T1，α_1λ为其表面吸收率，L_bλ(T)为温度为T的物体的辐射功率。λ代表红外测温仪的工作波段，不同波段会对上述参数有所影响，当在固定波段内工作时，可以忽略λ的影响。令A＝kA₀，则式(1)可化为：In the formula, ε _λ is the surface emissivity, α _λ is the surface absorptivity, τ _αλ is the spectral transmittance of the atmosphere, ε _αλ is the atmospheric emissivity, T ₀ is the surface temperature of the measured object, T _u is the ambient temperature, T _α is the atmospheric temperature, and d is the distance from the target to the measuring instrument. A ₀ is the visual area of the target corresponding to the minimum spatial opening angle θ of the infrared thermometer. A is the total area of the background area, that is, the field of view area of the infrared thermometer at this time, the part of the field of view beyond the temperature measurement area with a diameter of x, that is, the emissivity of the AA ₀ area, the temperature is _T1 , and the α _1λ is Its surface absorptivity, L _bλ (T) is the radiation power of an object at a temperature T. λ represents the working band of the infrared thermometer. Different bands will affect the above parameters. When working in a fixed band, the influence of λ can be ignored. Let A=kA ₀ , then formula (1) can be transformed into:

E_λ＝A₀d^-2[τ_aλε_0λL_bλ(T₀)+τ_aλ(1-α_0λ)L_bλ(T_u)+ε_aλL_bλ(T_a)]+(k-1)A₀d^-2[τ_aλε_1λL_bλ(T₁)+τ_aλ(1-α_1λ)L_bλ(T_u)+ε_aλL_bλ(T_a)] (2)E _λ ＝A ₀ d ^-2 [τ _aλ ε _0λ L _bλ (T ₀ )+τ _aλ (1-α _0λ )L _bλ (T _u )+ε _aλ L _bλ (T _a )]+(k-1) A ₀ d ^-2 [τ _aλ ε _1λ L _bλ (T ₁ )+τ _aλ (1-α _1λ )L _bλ (T _u )+ε _aλ L _bλ (T _a )] (2)

红外测温仪通过红外探测器将采集到的视场内总的红外辐射信号转化为电压信号，具体方法为：The infrared thermometer converts the total infrared radiation signal collected in the field of view into a voltage signal through the infrared detector. The specific method is as follows:

被测目标发出的红外辐射功率在进入红外测温仪后被红外探测器转换为电压信号，其输出电压V_s为：The infrared radiation power emitted by the measured target is converted into a voltage signal by the infrared detector after entering the infrared thermometer, and its output voltage V _s is:

$\begin{matrix} {V V}_{s the s} = = {A A}_{R R} {A A}_{00} {d d}^{- - 22} {{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ} [[{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ} {&Integral; &Integral;}_{{λ λ}_{11}}^{{λ λ}_{22}} {R R}_{λ λ} {L L}_{bλ bλ} (({T T}_{00})) dλ dλ + + ((11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ})) {&Integral; &Integral;}_{{λ λ}_{11}}^{{λ λ}_{22}} {R R}_{λ λ} {L L}_{bλ bλ} (({T T}_{u u})) dλ dλ]] + + {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {&Integral; &Integral;}_{{λ λ}_{11}}^{{λ λ}_{22}} {R R}_{λ λ} {L L}_{bλ bλ} (({T T}_{a a})) dλ dλ}} \\ + + ((k k - - 11)) {A A}_{R R} {A A}_{00} {d d}^{- - 22} {{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ} [[{ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {&Integral; &Integral;}_{{λ λ}_{11}}^{{λ λ}_{22}} {R R}_{λ λ} {L L}_{bλ bλ} (({T T}_{11})) d d λ λ + + ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ})) {&Integral; &Integral;}_{{λ λ}_{11}}^{{λ λ}_{22}} {R R}_{λ λ} {L L}_{bλ bλ} (({T T}_{u u})) dλ dλ]] + + {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {&Integral; &Integral;}_{{λ λ}_{11}}^{{λ λ}_{22}} {R R}_{λ λ} {L L}_{bλ bλ} (({T T}_{a a})) dλ dλ}} \end{matrix} - - - - - - ((33))$

其中A_R为红外测温仪探测器的面积，令R_λ为红外测温仪探测器的响应率，λ₁和λ₂为红外测温仪的工作波段范围下限和上限。f(T)为被测目标在温度为T时的辐出度，则式(3)可化为：where A _R is the area of the infrared thermometer detector, so that R _λ is the responsivity of the infrared thermometer detector, and λ ₁ and λ ₂ are the lower limit and upper limit of the working band range of the infrared thermometer. f(T) is the radiance of the measured target when the temperature is T, then formula (3) can be transformed into:

V_s＝A_RA₀d^-2{τ_aλ[ε_0λf(T₀)+(1-α_0λ)f(T_u)]+ε_aλf(T_a)}+(k-1)A_RA₀d^-2{τ_aλ[ε_1λf(T₁)+(1-α_1λ)f(T_u)]+ε_aλf(T_a)} (4)V _s ＝A _R A ₀ d ^-2 {τ _aλ [ε _0λ f(T ₀ )+(1-α _0λ )f(T _u )]+ε _aλ f(T _a )}+(k-1)A _R A ₀ d ^-2 {τ _aλ [ε _1λ f(T ₁ )+(1-α _1λ )f(T _u )]+ε _aλ f(T _a )} (4)

红外测温仪将上述的电压信号转化为温度显示，具体方法为：The infrared thermometer converts the above voltage signal into a temperature display, the specific method is:

令K_m＝A_RAd^-2。由于设备温度与其电压信号是一一对应且成正比关系，令V_s/K_m＝f(T_r)，则式(4)可化为：Let K _m = _AR Ad ^-2 . Since the temperature of the equipment and its voltage signal are in one-to-one correspondence and proportional relationship, let V _s /K _m = f(T _r ), then formula (4) can be transformed into:

$\begin{matrix} f f (({T T}_{r r})) = = \frac{11}{k k} {{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ} [[{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ} f f (({T T}_{00})) + + ((11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ})) f f (({T T}_{u u}))]] + + {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} f f (({T T}_{a a}))}} \\ + + \frac{k k - - 11}{k k} {{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ} [[{ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} f f (({T T}_{11})) + + ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ})) f f (({T T}_{u u}))]] + + {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} f f (({T T}_{a a}))}} \end{matrix} - - - - - - ((55))$

根据普朗克定律，在不同波段内的辐出度f(T)与被测温度的m次方成正比，且m为常数。由此可得式(6)：According to Planck's law, the radiance f(T) in different wave bands is proportional to the m power of the measured temperature, and m is a constant. From this, formula (6) can be obtained:

${T T}_{r r} = = {{\frac{11}{k k} {{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ} {{{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ} T T}_{00}^{m m} + + ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} + + [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}} + + k k {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((66))$

式中T_r为测温仪测得的物体表面温度，T₀为被测目标表面真实温度，即温度误差修正值。In the formula, T _r is the surface temperature of the object measured by the thermometer, and T ₀ is the real temperature of the surface of the measured target, that is, the temperature error correction value.

${T T}_{00} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} {{\frac{11}{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ}} \cdot &Center Dot; k k (({T T}_{r r}^{m m} - - {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m})) - - ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} - - [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((77))$

当近距离测温时可忽略大气透过率的影响，此时τ_aλ＝1，ε_aλ＝1-τ_aλ。当被测物体表面满足灰体时可近似认为ε_λ＝α_λ，即ε_0λ＝α_0λ，ε_1λ＝α_1λ。一般情况下，可假定A-A₀区域的温度和大气温度与环境温度相等，即T₁＝T_u＝T_a。代入公式(7)，则式(7)可化简为：The influence of the atmospheric transmittance can be ignored when the temperature is measured at close range, at this time τ _aλ =1, ε _aλ =1-τ _aλ . When the surface of the object to be measured satisfies the gray body, it can be approximated that ε _λ =α _λ , that is, ε _0λ =α _0λ , ε _1λ =α _1λ . In general, it can be assumed that the temperature in the AA ₀ region and the atmospheric temperature are equal to the ambient temperature, that is, T ₁ =T _u =T _a . Substituting formula (7), then formula (7) can be simplified as:

${T T}_{r r} = = \frac{11}{k k} [[{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ} {T T}_{00}^{m m} + + ((k k - - {ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ})) {T T}_{u u}^{m m}]] - - - - - - ((88))$

由公式(9)可得From formula (9) can get

${T T}_{00} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} [[k k \cdot &Center Dot; {T T}_{r r}^{m m} - - ((k k - - {ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ})) {T T}_{u u}^{m m}]]}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((99))$

k为红外测温仪视场面积与被测目标面积的比值， k is the ratio of the field of view area of the infrared thermometer to the area of the measured target,

由于，黑体炉2的开口区域A₀为圆形，所以Because the opening area _A0 of the black body furnace 2 is circular, so

$k k = = \frac{A A}{{A A}_{00}} = = \frac{{πR πR}^{22}}{π π {r r}^{22}} = = \frac{{R R}^{22}}{{r r}^{22}} = = \frac{{d d}^{22} {tg tg}^{22} θ θ}{{r r}^{22}} - - - - - - ((1010))$

R和r分别表示区域A和A₀的半径。R and r denote the radii of areas A and _A0 , respectively.

其中 $tgθ = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{D}{S} - - - (11)$ in $tgθ = \frac{1}{2} &Center Dot; \frac{D.}{S} - - - (11)$

$r r = = \frac{x x}{22} - - - - - - ((1212))$

上述的公式(7)和公式(9)为所述的红外监测系统误差修正公式，公式(7)为任何条件下都可使用的通用公式，公式(9)是在近距离测温时可忽略大气透过率的影响时的化简公式，限制条件较少，仅需知道被测目标的表面发射率ε_0λ，无需知道被测目标表面吸收率和A-A₀区域的发射率和吸收率，在近距离测量时使用，计算更加简便。所述的误差修正公式具备一定的普遍性和适用性，是本发明的核心内容和技术所在，在进行误差修正时不需要再次推导，可直接使用，在此只是为了说明推导过程。The above formula (7) and formula (9) are the error correction formulas of the infrared monitoring system, the formula (7) is a general formula that can be used under any conditions, and the formula (9) can be ignored when measuring the temperature at close range The simplified formula for the influence of atmospheric transmittance has less restrictive conditions. It is only necessary to know the surface emissivity ε _0λ of the measured target, and it is not necessary to know the surface absorptivity of the measured target and the emissivity and absorptivity of the AA ₀ area. It is used when measuring at close range, and the calculation is more convenient. The error correction formula has a certain universality and applicability, and is the core content and technology of the present invention. It does not need to be derived again when performing error correction, and can be used directly. This is just to illustrate the derivation process.

使用红外测温仪1采集黑体炉2的温度，并逐渐增大距离，使然后每隔1m采集一次温度。在同一距离进行多次测量，取测量温度的平均值。获得10组采集到的温度平均值分别为：T_b1，T_b2，T_b3，T_b4，T_b5，T_b6，T_b7，T_b8，T_b9，T_b10。采用酒精温度计对环境温度进行测量，得到环境温度T_u。一般情况下，可假定背景温度即A-A₀区域的温度和大气温度与环境温度相等，即T₁＝T_u＝T_a，也可使用热电偶温度计对背景温度进行测量。大气透射率τ_aλ可按照现有一般的方法求出，在此不再赘述。被测材料的发射率ε_0λ和吸收率α_0λ及背景区域的发射率ε_1λ和吸收率α_1λ由材料决定，可查表获得。k值可由上述的公式(10)(11)(12)求出，将以上10组温度数据代入上述公式(7)，得：Use infrared thermometer 1 to gather the temperature of black body furnace 2, and increase distance gradually, make Then the temperature is collected every 1m. Take multiple measurements at the same distance, and take the average value of the measured temperature. The average temperature collected by 10 groups is: T _b1 , T _b2 , T _b3 , T _b4 , T _b5 , T _b6 , T _b7 , T _b8 , T _b9 , T _b10 . Measure the ambient temperature with an alcohol thermometer to obtain the ambient temperature T _u . In general, it can be assumed that the background temperature, that is, the temperature of the AA ₀ region and the ambient temperature, is equal to the ambient temperature, that is, T ₁ =T _u =T _a , and the background temperature can also be measured with a thermocouple thermometer. Atmospheric transmittance τ _aλ can be calculated according to existing general methods, and will not be repeated here. The emissivity ε _0λ and absorptivity α _0λ of the measured material and the emissivity ε _1λ and absorptivity α _1λ of the background area are determined by the material and can be obtained by looking up the table. The value of k can be obtained from the above formula (10)(11)(12), and the above 10 sets of temperature data are substituted into the above formula (7), to get:

${T T}_{0101} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} {{\frac{11}{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ}} \cdot &Center Dot; k k (({T T}_{b b 11}^{m m} - - {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m})) - - ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} - - [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((11 a a))$

${T T}_{0202} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} {{\frac{11}{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ}} \cdot &Center Dot; k k (({T T}_{b b 22}^{m m} - - {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m})) - - ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} - - [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((11 b b))$

${T T}_{0303} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} {{\frac{11}{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ}} \cdot &Center Dot; k k (({T T}_{b b 33}^{m m} - - {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m})) - - ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} - - [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((11 c c))$

${T T}_{0404} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} {{\frac{11}{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ}} \cdot &Center Dot; k k (({T T}_{b b 44}^{m m} - - {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m})) - - ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} - - [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((11 d d))$

${T T}_{0505} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} {{\frac{11}{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ}} \cdot &Center Dot; k k (({T T}_{b b 55}^{m m} - - {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m})) - - ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} - - [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((11 e e))$

${T T}_{0606} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} {{\frac{11}{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ}} \cdot &Center Dot; k k (({T T}_{b b 66}^{m m} - - {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m})) - - ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} - - [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((11 f f))$

${T T}_{0707} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} {{\frac{11}{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ}} \cdot &Center Dot; k k (({T T}_{b b 77}^{m m} - - {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m})) - - ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} - - [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((11 g g))$

${T T}_{0808} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} {{\frac{11}{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ}} \cdot \cdot k k (({T T}_{b b 88}^{m m} - - {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m})) - - ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} - - [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((11 h h))$

${T T}_{0909} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} {{\frac{11}{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ}} \cdot &Center Dot; k k (({T T}_{b b 99}^{m m} - - {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m})) - - ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} - - [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((11 i i))$

${T T}_{010010} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} {{\frac{11}{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ}} \cdot &Center Dot; k k (({T T}_{b b 1010}^{m m} - - {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m})) - - ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} - - [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((11 j j))$

计算出的T₀₁到T₀₁₀的值，即为误差修正后的温度值。The calculated values from T ₀₁ to T ₀₁₀ are the temperature values after error correction.

式中ε_0λ为被测目标的表面发射率，α_0λ为被测目标表面吸收率，τ_aλ为大气的光谱透射率，ε_aλ为大气发射率，T_a为大气温度，ε_1λ为红外测温仪视场超出被测目标区域即A-A₀区域的表面发射率，T₁为红外测温仪视场超出被测目标区域即A-A₀区域的温度，T_u为环境温度，m为常数，根据红外测温仪的工作波段取值，工作波段是8～14μm时，取m＝4.09，工作波段是3～5μm时，取m＝9.3。k为红外测温仪视场面积与被测目标面积的比值， where ε _0λ is the surface emissivity of the measured target, α _0λ is the surface absorptivity of the measured target, τ _aλ is the spectral transmittance of the atmosphere, ε _aλ is the atmospheric emissivity, T _a is the atmospheric temperature, ε _1λ is the infrared measurement The surface emissivity of the infrared thermometer field of view beyond the measured target area, that is, the AA ₀ area, _T1 is the temperature of the infrared thermometer field of view beyond the measured target area, that is, the AA ₀ area, _Tu is the ambient temperature, m is a constant, according to The value of the working band of the infrared thermometer, when the working band is 8-14 μm, take m=4.09, and when the working band is 3-5 μm, take m=9.3. k is the ratio of the field of view area of the infrared thermometer to the area of the measured target,

当距离相对较近时，可忽略大气透过率的影响，可通过上述公式(9)进行计算，得When the distance is relatively short, the influence of atmospheric transmittance can be ignored, and can be calculated by the above formula (9), and

${T T}_{0101} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} [[k k \cdot &Center Dot; {T T}_{b b 11}^{m m} - - ((k k - - {ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ})) {T T}_{u u}^{m m}]]}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((22 a a))$

${T T}_{0202} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} [[k k \cdot \cdot {T T}_{b b 22}^{m m} - - ((k k - - {ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ})) {T T}_{u u}^{m m}]]}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((22 b b))$

${T T}_{0303} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} [[k k \cdot &Center Dot; {T T}_{b b 33}^{m m} - - ((k k - - {ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ})) {T T}_{u u}^{m m}]]}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((22 c c))$

${T T}_{0404} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} [[k k \cdot &Center Dot; {T T}_{b b 44}^{m m} - - ((k k - - {ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ})) {T T}_{u u}^{m m}]]}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((22 d d))$

${T T}_{0505} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} [[k k \cdot &Center Dot; {T T}_{b b 55}^{m m} - - ((k k - - {ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ})) {T T}_{u u}^{m m}]]}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((22 e e))$

${T T}_{0606} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} [[k k \cdot &Center Dot; {T T}_{b b 66}^{m m} - - ((k k - - {ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ})) {T T}_{u u}^{m m}]]}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((22 f f))$

${T T}_{0707} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} [[k k \cdot &Center Dot; {T T}_{b b 77}^{m m} - - ((k k - - {ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ})) {T T}_{u u}^{m m}]]}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((22 g g))$

${T T}_{0808} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} [[k k \cdot &Center Dot; {T T}_{b b 88}^{m m} - - ((k k - - {ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ})) {T T}_{u u}^{m m}]]}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((22 h h))$

${T T}_{0909} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} [[k k \cdot \cdot {T T}_{b b 99}^{m m} - - ((k k - - {ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ})) {T T}_{u u}^{m m}]]}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((22 i i))$

${T T}_{010010} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} [[k k \cdot \cdot {T T}_{b b 1010}^{m m} - - ((k k - - {ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ})) {T T}_{u u}^{m m}]]}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} - - - - - - ((22 j j))$

计算出T₀₁到T₀₁₀的值，即为误差修正后的温度值。Calculate the value from T ₀₁ to T ₀₁₀ , which is the temperature value after error correction.

如图3所示误差修正流程图，具体包括：在误差修正前，首先需要对被测目标的材料特性和环境因素进行确定，包括：确定大气透射率τ_aλ，确定被测目标区域A₀的发射率ε_0λ和吸收率α_0λ确定背景区域A-A₀的发射率ε_1λ和吸收率α_1λ及温度T₁。测量环境温度T_u和大气温度T_a。然后确定所选用红外测温仪的距离系数比D∶S的值。根据红外测温仪的工作波段确定常数m值，使用红外测温仪对被测目标进行测温，如图1所示，红外测温仪视场溢出被测目标的情况下，记录红外测温仪探头与被测目标之间的距离d，根据上述的参数计算k的值，记录红外测温仪在每一点处测得的被测目标的实际温度值，将以上参数代入误差修正公式，修正公式由红外测温理论推导得出，将得到温度的修正值。The error correction flow chart shown in Figure 3 specifically includes: before error correction, it is first necessary to determine the material properties and environmental factors of the measured target, including: determining the atmospheric transmittance τ _aλ , determining the area A ₀ of the measured target The emissivity ε _0λ and the absorptivity α _0λ determine the emissivity ε _1λ and the absorptivity α _1λ and the temperature T ₁ of the background area AA ₀ . The ambient temperature T _u and the atmospheric temperature T _a are measured. Then determine the value of the distance coefficient ratio D:S of the selected infrared thermometer. Determine the constant m value according to the working band of the infrared thermometer, and use the infrared thermometer to measure the temperature of the measured target. As shown in Figure 1, when the field of view of the infrared thermometer overflows the measured target, record the infrared temperature measurement The distance d between the instrument probe and the measured target, calculate the value of k according to the above parameters, record the actual temperature value of the measured target measured by the infrared thermometer at each point, and substitute the above parameters into the error correction formula to correct The formula is derived from the infrared temperature measurement theory, and the corrected value of the temperature will be obtained.

现在实验室近距离忽略大气透射率条件下按上述方法测得一组温度值数据，将一稳定热源黑体表面温度调节至58℃，黑体开口为直径为30mm的圆形，发射率为0.95，在无风、无阳光直射，环境温度为17℃，相对湿度为50％的环境下测量，采用的红外测温仪的距离系数比为200∶1，工作波段为8～14μm，并用上述修正方法获得修正值如表1所示。Now, under the condition that the atmospheric transmittance is ignored at close range in the laboratory, a set of temperature value data is measured according to the above method, and the surface temperature of a stable heat source blackbody is adjusted to 58°C. The opening of the blackbody is a circle with a diameter of 30mm, and the emissivity is 0.95. No wind, no direct sunlight, the ambient temperature is 17°C, and the relative humidity is 50%. The distance coefficient ratio of the infrared thermometer used is 200:1, and the working band is 8-14 μm. The corrected values are shown in Table 1.

经验证，修正后的温度值将大大减少测量的误差。本发明在一定程度上解决了红外测温仪在超过距离系数比距离后测温误差急剧增大的问题，增强了红外测温仪的工业现场应用能力，具备一定的普遍性和实用价值。It has been verified that the corrected temperature value will greatly reduce the measurement error. The invention solves the problem that the temperature measurement error of the infrared thermometer increases sharply after exceeding the distance coefficient ratio to a certain extent, enhances the industrial field application ability of the infrared thermometer, and has certain universality and practical value.

Claims

1. An infrared temperature monitoring system measurement error correction method is characterized in that, specifically comprises the steps:

1) Align the infrared thermometer with the temperature measurement area of the target to be measured, and calibrate and adjust the temperature measurement optical path of the infrared thermometer so that the center of the temperature measurement area and the entrance pupil center of the infrared thermometer are at the same level high; is the distance coefficient ratio of the infrared thermometer, and the distance coefficient ratio is the ratio of the distance D between the probe of the thermometer to the measured target and the diameter S of the field of view of the infrared thermometer at this time, which is a fixed parameter and defines the measured The area of the target area is A ₀ , and the emissivity of the measured target area is ε _0λ and the temperature is set as T ₀ ;

2) Gradually increase the distance d between the infrared thermometer and the target to be measured, so that the field of view of the infrared thermometer exceeds the area of the target to be measured. At this time, the area of the field of view of the thermometer is A, and the collected The temperature reached is the mixed temperature of the measured target area _A0 and the overflow measured target range _AA0 , the emissivity of the overflow measured target range area is _ε1λ , and the temperature is _T1 ;

3) The infrared thermometer converts the collected infrared radiation signal into a voltage signal after the field of view is enlarged through the infrared detector, and the infrared thermometer converts the obtained voltage signal into a temperature value for display;

4) Error correction can be performed on the temperature Tr measured by the infrared thermometer. After correction, the surface temperature of the measured object is:

{T T}_{00} = = {{\frac{11}{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ}} {{\frac{11}{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ}} \cdot \cdot k k (({T T}_{r r}^{m m} - - {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m})) - - ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} - - [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}},,

k is the ratio of the field of view area of the infrared thermometer to the area of the measured target;

5) Assume that the background temperature, that is, the temperature in the AA ₀ area, is equal to the atmospheric temperature and the ambient temperature, that is, T ₁ =T _u =T _a , and correct the error of the temperature T _r measured by the infrared thermometer. When measuring the temperature at close range The influence of atmospheric transmittance can be ignored. At this time, the spectral transmittance of the atmosphere τ _aλ = 1, the atmospheric emissivity ε _aλ = 1-τ _aλ , and λ represents the working band of the infrared thermometer. When the surface of the measured object meets the gray body It can be approximately considered that the surface emissivity of the measured target is equal to the surface absorptivity of the measured target, that is, ε _0λ = α _0λ , ε _1λ = α _1λ ,

Surface temperature of the measured object after correction

T_{0} = {\frac{1}{ϵ_{0 λ}} [k &Center Dot; {T_{r}}^{m} - (k - ϵ_{0 λ}) {T_{u}}^{m}]}^{\frac{1}{m}},

in

{T_{r}}^{m} = \frac{1}{k} [ϵ_{0 λ} {T_{0}}^{m} + (k - ϵ_{0 λ}) {T_{u}}^{m}],

A＝πR ² ＝πd ² tg ² θ

in

tgθ = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{D.}{S}

R is the radius of the field of view of the thermometer, and the area of _A0 is determined by the surface shape of the measured target;

In the formula, _ε0λ is the surface emissivity of the target to be measured, and m is a constant. According to the value of the working band of the infrared thermometer, when the working band is 8-14 μm, take m=4.09, and when the working band is 3-5 μm, take m=4.09. m=9.3.

2. according to the described infrared temperature monitoring system measurement error correction method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the infrared detector in the described step 3) converts the total infrared radiation signal after the increased field of view collected into a voltage signal, The conversion voltage V _s is:

V _s ＝A _R A ₀ d ^-2 {τ _aλ [ε _0λ f(T ₀ )+(1-α _0λ )f(T _u )]+ε _aλ f(T _a )}+(k-1)A _R A ₀ d ^-2 {τ _aλ [ε _1λ f(T ₁ )+(1-α _1λ )f(T _u )]+ε _aλ f(T _a )}

Where _AR is the area of the infrared thermometer detector,

The voltage signal is converted into temperature display, the specific method is:

Let K _m ＝A _R Ad ^-2 , since the equipment temperature and its voltage signal are in one-to-one correspondence and proportional relationship, let V _s /K _m ＝f(T _r ), the temperature display value is:

\begin{matrix} f f (({T T}_{r r})) = = \frac{11}{k k} {{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ} [[{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ} f f (({T T}_{00})) + + ((11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ})) f f (({T T}_{u u}))]] + + {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} f f (({T T}_{a a}))}} \\ + + \frac{k k - - 11}{k k} {{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ} [[{ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} f f (({T T}_{11})) + + ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ})) f f (({T T}_{u u}))]] + + {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} f f (({T T}_{a a}))}} \end{matrix},,

{T T}_{r r} = = {{\frac{11}{k k} {{{τ τ}_{aλ aλ} {{{{ϵ ϵ}_{00 λ λ} T T}_{00}^{m m} + + ((k k - - 11)) {ϵ ϵ}_{11 λ λ} {T T}_{11}^{m m} + + [[11 - - {α α}_{00 λ λ} + + ((k k - - 11)) ((11 - - {α α}_{11 λ λ}))]] {T T}_{u u}^{m m}}} + + k k {ϵ ϵ}_{aλ aλ} {T T}_{a a}^{m m}}}^{\frac{11}{m m}} . .