CN104142521B - Geological radar antenna equipment moving and testing device during tunnel construction - Google Patents
Geological radar antenna equipment moving and testing device during tunnel construction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了隧道施工过程中地质雷达天线设备移动施测装置，包括三脚架、旋转台、操作杆、支撑杆和固定板，所述三脚架稳固于所施测的隧道掌子面后方，所述旋转台下部为一冒出的螺纹端头，用以固定在三脚架上，旋转台上设有两个用于操作杆穿过且能够控制操作杆左右上下四个方向旋转的变向结构，操作杆为嵌套伸缩式的连杆，一端为手动控制，另一端连接固定板，操作杆上设有一活动套管，活动套管的侧壁上的可动式螺帽连接支撑杆的一端，支撑杆的另一端连接到三脚架上的伸缩圆支柱底端；固定板用以固定雷达天线设备，雷达天线设备的线路穿过固定板中部的孔与雷达主机相连。能方便对部分装置进行拆卸、伸缩，分开收装，减小携带设备所占空间。
The invention discloses a mobile measuring device for geological radar antenna equipment during tunnel construction, which includes a tripod, a rotating platform, an operating rod, a support rod and a fixing plate. The lower part of the table is a protruding threaded end, which is used to fix on the tripod. There are two direction-changing structures on the rotating table for the operation rod to pass through and to control the rotation of the operation rod in four directions, left, right, up and down. The operation rod is Nested telescopic connecting rod, one end is manually controlled, and the other end is connected to the fixed plate. There is a movable sleeve on the operating rod, and the movable nut on the side wall of the movable sleeve is connected to one end of the support rod. The other end is connected to the bottom end of the telescopic circular pillar on the tripod; the fixed plate is used to fix the radar antenna equipment, and the circuit of the radar antenna equipment passes through the hole in the middle of the fixed plate to connect with the radar host. It is convenient to disassemble, expand and contract some devices, store them separately, and reduce the space occupied by portable equipment.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及隧道施工过程中地质雷达天线设备移动施测装置，尤其是一种用于隧道掌子面灾害危险较大情况下的地质雷达的天线设备移动施测装置。The invention relates to a mobile measuring device for geological radar antenna equipment during tunnel construction, in particular to a mobile measuring device for geological radar antenna equipment used in the case of high disaster risk at the face of the tunnel.
背景技术Background technique
随着西部开发事业的迅速发展，交通运输项目也正加紧脚步，为了提高交通运输的效率以及异域文化经济的交流，西部山区的铁路、高速公路避免不了在山岭地区修建隧道等地下空间建筑，而西部的地质情况的复杂一直是工程顺利开展的一大障碍。通过科学工作者的不断研究和测试，为了在修建隧道工程中及时掌握地质情况，超前地质预报成了预知地质情况的有力手段，地质雷达是超前地质预报的一种重要工具，地质雷达主要分为主机、天线和连接线，而在实际施测过程中，需要多人将重达数十千克的天线设备贴着掌子面岩体以一定的速率来回移动，从而完成地质雷达预报工作。实际操作过程中，可能由于掌子面岩体排险不完全，或者掌子面发生塌方、块石较多、不平整等因素，对徒手移动雷达天线设备有一定的困难，对雷达施测精度也有较明显的影响。With the rapid development of western development, transportation projects are also stepping up. In order to improve the efficiency of transportation and the exchange of foreign culture and economy, the railways and expressways in the western mountainous areas cannot avoid building tunnels and other underground space buildings in mountainous areas. The complex geological conditions in the west have always been a major obstacle to the smooth development of the project. Through the continuous research and testing of scientific workers, in order to grasp the geological conditions in time during the tunnel construction, advanced geological forecasting has become a powerful means to predict geological conditions. Geological radar is an important tool for advanced geological forecasting. Geological radar is mainly divided into The host, antenna and connecting wires, but in the actual measurement process, multiple people are required to move the antenna equipment weighing tens of kilograms against the rock mass of the tunnel face back and forth at a certain speed, so as to complete the geological radar forecasting work. During the actual operation, it may be difficult to move the radar antenna equipment by hand due to incomplete risk removal of the rock mass on the working face, or landslides, many rocks, and unevenness of the working face. more obvious impact.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决现有技术存在的不足，本发明公开了隧道施工过程中地质雷达天线设备移动施测装置，本申请提供了一种灵活、安全且省力的设备抬举移动方法，用来针对隧道掌子面岩体不平整或风险较大情况下的地质雷达天线设备的移动扫描，用来在隧道超前地质预报中对掌子面更加安全并大范围内进行施测。In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention discloses a mobile measuring device for geological radar antenna equipment during tunnel construction. This application provides a flexible, safe and labor-saving method for lifting and moving equipment, which is used to target The mobile scanning of the geological radar antenna equipment in the case of uneven rock mass or high risk is used to measure the tunnel face more safely and in a large area in the advanced geological prediction of the tunnel.
为实现上述目的，本发明的具体方案如下：To achieve the above object, the specific scheme of the present invention is as follows:
隧道施工过程中地质雷达天线设备移动施测装置，包括三脚架、旋转台、操作杆、支撑杆和固定板，所述三脚架稳固于所施测的隧道掌子面后方，所述旋转台下部为一冒出的螺纹端头，用以固定在三脚架上，旋转台上设有两个用于操作杆穿过且能够控制操作杆左右上下四个方向旋转的变向结构，操作杆为嵌套伸缩式的连杆，一端为手动控制端，另一端连接固定板，操作杆上设有一活动套管，活动套管的侧壁上的可动式螺帽连接支撑杆的一端，支撑杆的另一端连接到三脚架上的伸缩圆支柱底端；固定板用以固定雷达天线设备，雷达天线设备的线路穿过固定板中部的孔与雷达主机相连。During the tunnel construction process, the geological radar antenna equipment mobile measurement device includes a tripod, a rotating table, an operating rod, a support rod and a fixed plate. The tripod is fixed behind the tunnel face to be measured. The lower part of the rotating table is a The protruding threaded end is used to fix on the tripod. There are two direction-changing structures on the rotating table for the operating rod to pass through and can control the rotation of the operating rod in four directions: left, right, up and down. The operating rod is a nested telescopic type. One end of the connecting rod is the manual control end, and the other end is connected to the fixed plate. There is a movable sleeve on the operating rod. The movable nut on the side wall of the movable sleeve is connected to one end of the support rod, and the other end of the support rod is connected to the to the bottom end of the telescopic circular pillar on the tripod; the fixed plate is used to fix the radar antenna equipment, and the circuit of the radar antenna equipment passes through the hole in the middle of the fixed plate to connect with the radar host.
所述三脚架包括三根木质可调控长度的支腿和一根可伸缩的圆支柱，支腿底端均为铸铁制可压式的三角锥，三角锥上设有垂直受压面，用以将三角锥压实，圆支柱为两截上下连接的可伸缩的钢杆。The tripod includes three wooden legs with adjustable length and a telescopic round pillar. The bottom ends of the legs are all cast iron compressible triangular cones. The triangular cones are provided with vertical pressure surfaces for The cone is compacted, and the round pillar is two stretchable steel rods connected up and down.
所述可伸缩的钢杆的上截粗下截细，较粗的一截末端设有固定阀栓，用以固定圆支柱的长度，较细的一截末端设有上下并排的两个可旋转式的螺纹端头。The upper section of the telescopic steel rod is thicker and the lower section is thinner. The thicker end is provided with a fixed valve bolt to fix the length of the round pillar, and the thinner end is provided with two rotatable valves arranged side by side. type threaded end.
所述旋转台为普通炭质钢制的圆柱体，旋转台下为一螺纹端头冒出，用以固定在三脚架上，旋转台上为两个变向结构，变相结构中设有四个滑轮，用以减小操作杆伸缩阻力。The turntable is a cylinder made of ordinary carbon steel. A threaded end protrudes from the bottom of the turntable to be fixed on a tripod. There are two direction-changing structures on the turntable, and four pulleys are arranged in the disguised structure. , to reduce the telescopic resistance of the operating rod.
所述旋转台内部左右各设有一平置轴承，用以控制两个变向结构的旋转台面上旋转，变相结构可绕轴进行俯仰变向。There is a flat bearing on the left and right inside the turntable, which is used to control the rotation on the turntable of the two direction-changing structures, and the phase-changing structure can change the pitch around the axis.
所述操作杆为工程塑料制伸缩式两截杆件，两截杆件外部连接处设有固定阀，用以控制操作杆的长度，操作杆的一头为手控端，另一头扁平带孔，用以连接在固定板上。The operating rod is a telescopic two-section rod made of engineering plastics. A fixed valve is provided at the external connection of the two rods to control the length of the operating rod. One end of the operating rod is a manual control end, and the other end is flat with a hole. For connection to the fixed plate.
所述支撑杆为工程塑料制伸缩式杆件，支撑杆的一头为活动螺帽，使用时连接在三脚架上的圆支柱的底端上，用以提供支撑力，另一头为扁平带孔端，通过活动套管连接在操作杆上。The support rod is a telescopic rod made of engineering plastics, one end of the support rod is a movable nut, which is connected to the bottom end of the round pillar on the tripod to provide support, and the other end is a flat end with a hole. Connected to the operating rod through the movable sleeve.
所述支撑杆的外部设有固定旋钮，用以控制支撑杆的长度。A fixed knob is arranged on the outside of the support rod to control the length of the support rod.
所述固定板为长方形工程塑料制板件，固定板的中部设有开口，用以使雷达天线设备上的传输线通过，固定板上设有两个挂孔，挂孔设在固定板的一长边方向上，用以保持固定板被撑起时的垂直状态。The fixed plate is a rectangular engineering plastic plate, and the middle part of the fixed plate is provided with an opening to allow the transmission line on the radar antenna device to pass through. The fixed plate is provided with two hanging holes, and the hanging holes are located on a length of the fixed plate In the edge direction, it is used to keep the vertical state of the fixed plate when it is propped up.
所述挂孔通过带锁挂钩与操作杆相连。The hanging hole is connected with the operating rod through a hook with a lock.
工作时：手动扶摇操作杆，根据掌子面围岩凹凸情况，调整操作杆的方向和伸缩长度，继而调节雷达天线设备的高低和方向，完成雷达天线设备的扫描过程及地质雷达超前地质预报工作。本发明充分考虑了隧道掌子面围岩不平整、掉块以及塌方所带来的无法徒手贴近掌子面移动雷达天线的难题，解决了在安全范围内对危险情况下的掌子面的远距离地质雷达施测问题，使操作人员远离灾害源，节省了人力，同时保证了施测的精确度。When working: Manually swing the joystick, adjust the direction and telescopic length of the joystick according to the concave and convex conditions of the surrounding rock of the working face, and then adjust the height and direction of the radar antenna equipment to complete the scanning process of the radar antenna equipment and the advanced geological forecasting work of the geological radar . The present invention fully considers the difficulty of moving the radar antenna close to the tunnel face with bare hands caused by the unevenness of the surrounding rock of the tunnel face, falling blocks and landslides, and solves the problem of the tunnel face being far away from the tunnel face under dangerous conditions. The problem of distance ground radar measurement keeps the operator away from the disaster source, saves manpower, and at the same time ensures the accuracy of measurement.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
本发明解决了隧道掌子面围岩不整齐或风险较大情况下对掌子面远距离、贴近式进行地质雷达扫描问题，具有以下优点：The invention solves the problem of long-distance and close-to-type geological radar scanning of the tunnel face when the surrounding rock of the tunnel face is irregular or the risk is high, and has the following advantages:
1、能方便对部分装置进行拆卸、伸缩，分开收装，减小携带设备所占空间；1. It is convenient to disassemble, expand and contract some devices, and store them separately, so as to reduce the space occupied by the portable equipment;
2、能随掌子面围岩不规则情况，调整装置操作高度和杆件的长度，可以对目标部位有针对性的进行雷达扫描工作；2. It can adjust the operating height of the device and the length of the bar according to the irregularity of the surrounding rock of the working face, and can carry out radar scanning work on the target part in a targeted manner;
3、能很好的旋转装置、伸缩杆件让固定板携带雷达天线设备紧贴掌子面，使得施测结果更加精准；3. The rotating device and the telescopic rod can make the fixed plate carry the radar antenna equipment close to the palm surface, making the measurement result more accurate;
4、能远离隧道掌子面危险岩体进行雷达扫描操作，给地质预报工作带来高效、安全和经济效益。4. The radar scanning operation can be carried out away from the dangerous rock mass on the face of the tunnel, which brings high efficiency, safety and economic benefits to the geological forecasting work.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
图2是本发明结构中的旋转台7示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the turntable 7 in the structure of the present invention;
图3是本发明结构中的操作杆9和支撑杆12示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operating rod 9 and the support rod 12 in the structure of the present invention;
图4是本发明结构中的活动套管11示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of movable sleeve 11 in the structure of the present invention;
图5是本发明结构中的变相结构8示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a phase-changing structure 8 in the structure of the present invention;
图6是本发明结构中的固定板13示意图；Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the fixed plate 13 in the structure of the present invention;
图7是本发明结构中的带锁挂钩15示意图；Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the hook 15 with a lock in the structure of the present invention;
图中，1.三脚架；2.三角锥；3.伸缩圆支柱；4.固定阀栓；5.可旋转式螺纹端头；6.调节阀栓；7.旋转台；8.变向结构；9.操作杆；10.固定旋钮；11.活动套管；12.支撑杆；13.固定板；14.挂孔；15.带锁挂钩；16.雷达天线设备；17.雷达主机；18.隧道掌子面。In the figure, 1. tripod; 2. triangular cone; 3. telescopic circular pillar; 4. fixed valve bolt; 9. Operating rod; 10. Fixed knob; 11. Movable sleeve; 12. Support rod; 13. Fixed plate; 14. Hanging hole; 15. Hook with lock; 16. Radar antenna equipment; 17. Radar host; 18. Tunnel face.
具体实施方式：detailed description:
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细说明：The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
如图1-7所示，隧道施工过程中地质雷达天线设备移动施测装置，包括三脚架1、旋转台7、操作杆9、支撑杆12和固定板13，所述三脚架1稳固于所施测的隧道掌子面18后方，所述旋转台7下部为一冒出的螺纹端头，用以固定在三脚架1上，旋转台7上设有两个用于操作杆9穿过且能够控制操作杆9左右上下四个方向旋转的变向结构8，操作杆9为嵌套伸缩式的连杆，一端为手动控制，另一端连接固定板13，操作杆9上设有一活动套管11，活动套管11的侧壁上的可动式螺帽连接支撑杆12的一端，支撑杆12的另一端连接到三脚架1上的伸缩圆支柱3底端；固定板13用以固定雷达天线设备16，雷达天线设备16的线路穿过固定板13中部的孔与雷达主机17相连。As shown in Figure 1-7, the geological radar antenna equipment mobile surveying device during the tunnel construction process includes a tripod 1, a rotating table 7, an operating rod 9, a support rod 12 and a fixed plate 13, and the tripod 1 is stable on the surveying site. At the rear of the tunnel face 18, the lower part of the turntable 7 is a protruding threaded end for fixing on the tripod 1. The turntable 7 is provided with two holes for the operation rod 9 to pass through and can control the operation. Rod 9 is a direction-changing structure 8 that rotates in four directions, left, right, up and down. The operating rod 9 is a nested telescopic connecting rod. The movable nut on the side wall of the sleeve pipe 11 is connected to one end of the support rod 12, and the other end of the support rod 12 is connected to the bottom end of the telescopic round pillar 3 on the tripod 1; the fixed plate 13 is used to fix the radar antenna device 16, The circuit of the radar antenna device 16 passes through the hole in the middle of the fixing plate 13 and is connected to the radar host 17 .
三脚架1包括三根木质可调控长度的支腿和一根可伸缩圆支柱1，支腿通过调节阀栓6调节长度，支腿底端均为铸铁制可压式的三角锥2，三角锥2上设有垂直受压面，用以将三角锥2压实，伸缩圆支柱1为两截上下连接的可伸缩的钢杆。可伸缩的钢杆的上截粗下截细，较粗的一截末端设有固定阀栓4，用以固定伸缩圆支柱1的长度，较细的一截末端设有上下并排的两个可旋转式螺纹端头5。The tripod 1 includes three wooden legs with adjustable length and a telescopic circular pillar 1. The length of the legs is adjusted by adjusting the valve bolt 6. The bottom ends of the legs are all cast iron compressible triangular cones 2, and the upper ends of the triangular cones 2 are A vertical pressure-receiving surface is provided for compacting the triangular cone 2, and the telescopic circular support 1 is two telescopic steel rods connected up and down. The upper section of the telescopic steel rod is thicker and the lower section is thinner. The thicker section end is provided with a fixed valve bolt 4 to fix the length of the telescopic round pillar 1. The thinner section end is provided with two movable valves arranged side by side up and down. Rotary threaded end 5.
旋转台7为普通炭质钢制的圆柱体，旋转台7下为一螺纹端头冒出，用以固定在三脚架1上，旋转台7上为两个变向结构8，变相结构8中设有四个滑轮，用以减小操作杆伸缩阻力。旋转台7内部左右各设有一平置轴承，用以控制两个变向结构8在旋转台7面上旋转，变相结构8可绕轴进行俯仰变向。The turntable 7 is a cylinder made of ordinary carbon steel. A threaded end emerges from the bottom of the turntable 7 to be fixed on the tripod 1. There are two direction-changing structures 8 on the turntable 7. There are four pulleys to reduce the telescopic resistance of the operating rod. There is a flat bearing on the left and right inside the turntable 7, which is used to control the rotation of the two direction-changing structures 8 on the turntable 7, and the phase-changing structure 8 can change the pitch and direction around the axis.
操作杆9为工程塑料制伸缩式两截杆件，两截杆件外部连接处设有固定阀，用以控制操作杆9的长度，操作杆9的一头为手控端，另一头扁平带孔，用以连接在固定板13上。支撑杆12为工程塑料制伸缩式杆件，支撑杆12的一头为活动螺帽，使用时连接在三脚架1上的圆支柱的底端上，用以提供支撑力，另一头为扁平带孔端，通过活动套管11连接在操作杆9上。支撑杆12的外部设有固定旋钮10，用以控制支撑杆12的长度。The operating rod 9 is a telescopic two-section rod made of engineering plastics. A fixed valve is provided at the external connection of the two rods to control the length of the operating rod 9. One end of the operating rod 9 is a manual control end, and the other end is flat with a hole. , for connecting on the fixed plate 13. The support rod 12 is a telescopic rod made of engineering plastics, and one end of the support rod 12 is a movable nut, which is connected to the bottom end of the round pillar on the tripod 1 during use to provide support, and the other end is a flat end with a hole , connected to the operating rod 9 through the movable sleeve 11. The outside of the support rod 12 is provided with a fixed knob 10 for controlling the length of the support rod 12 .
固定板13为长方形工程塑料制板件，固定板13的中部设有开口，用以使雷达天线设备16上的传输线通过，固定板13上设有两个挂孔14，挂孔14设在固定板13的一长边方向上，用以保持固定板13被撑起时的垂直状态。挂孔14通过带锁挂钩15与操作杆9相连。The fixed plate 13 is a rectangular engineering plastic plate, and the middle part of the fixed plate 13 is provided with an opening, in order to pass the transmission line on the radar antenna device 16, the fixed plate 13 is provided with two hanging holes 14, and the hanging holes 14 are located on the fixed surface. One long side direction of the plate 13 is used to maintain the vertical state of the fixed plate 13 when it is propped up. The hanging hole 14 is connected with the operating rod 9 through a hook 15 with a lock.
安装时：三脚架的支腿底端为铸铁制可压式三角锥2，用来压实稳固三脚架，调节阀栓6用来调节支腿使架台趋于水平和达到一定高度，调节好支腿后，调节伸缩圆支柱3，使末端顶在地面上，并旋紧固定阀栓4，将两根操作杆9插入变向结构8中，并将活动套管11套在操作杆前段，调节好操作杆高度后旋紧固定旋钮10，将支撑杆12一段连接在活动套管11上，调整长度后旋紧其上的固定旋钮10后，另一端连接在可旋转式螺纹端头5上，利用带锁挂钩15将操作杆9连上固定板13，固定板固定好雷达天线设备16，调整操作杆9，进行雷达扫描，完成地质雷达施测工作。During installation: the bottom of the legs of the tripod is a cast iron compressible triangular cone 2, which is used to compact and stabilize the tripod, and the adjustment valve bolt 6 is used to adjust the legs to make the stand level and reach a certain height. After adjusting the legs , adjust the telescopic round pillar 3 so that the end is on the ground, and tighten the fixed valve bolt 4, insert the two operating rods 9 into the direction changing structure 8, and put the movable sleeve 11 on the front section of the operating rod, and adjust the operation Tighten the fixed knob 10 after the height of the rod, one section of the support rod 12 is connected on the movable sleeve 11, after adjusting the length and tightened the fixed knob 10 on it, the other end is connected on the rotatable threaded end 5, and the The lock hook 15 connects the operating rod 9 to the fixed plate 13, the fixed plate fixes the radar antenna device 16, adjusts the operating rod 9, and performs radar scanning to complete the geological radar survey work.
旋转台7内部设有两个轴承，用以旋转变相结构8，旋转台底部设有一螺纹端头冒出，用以和三脚架1连接固定。变相结构8在竖直平面内可沿轴转动，并在其内设有四个滑轮，用以减小操作杆在其中滑动阻力，两个变相结构8为一上一下设计，可以便于操作杆9交叉使用。There are two bearings inside the turntable 7 for rotating the phase-distorting structure 8 , and a threaded end emerges from the bottom of the turntable for connecting and fixing with the tripod 1 . The phase-changing structure 8 can rotate along the axis in the vertical plane, and four pulleys are arranged inside it to reduce the sliding resistance of the operating rod in it. Cross use.
操作杆9和支撑杆12为弹性较高且不导电的工程塑料(PC，POM)杆件，避免干扰雷达天线设备16传播的电磁波。固定板13的中部为开口，预留空间便于让雷达天线设备的传输线等零部件出露和连接，两个带孔挂孔设计偏于固定板13一长边的两侧，便于固定板13和雷达天线设备16设备呈垂直状态，且固定板为较高弹性且不导电的工程塑料(PC，POM)，避免干扰雷达天线设备16传播的电磁波。The operating rod 9 and the supporting rod 12 are highly elastic and non-conductive engineering plastic (PC, POM) rods, so as to avoid interference with the electromagnetic waves propagated by the radar antenna device 16 . The middle part of fixed plate 13 is an opening, and reserved space is convenient to allow parts such as the transmission line of radar antenna equipment to be exposed and connected, and the design of two hanging holes with holes is partial to the both sides of fixed plate 13 long sides, is convenient to fixed plate 13 and The radar antenna device 16 is in a vertical state, and the fixing plate is made of highly elastic and non-conductive engineering plastics (PC, POM), so as to avoid interfering with the electromagnetic waves propagated by the radar antenna device 16 .
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