CN104139541B - A kind of preparation method of sensing type Plastics Geogrids - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种传感型塑料土工格栅的制备方法，包括以下步骤：步骤(1)选用高密度聚乙烯为基材，以添加超导电炭黑的导电母粒为填料，制作导电复合材料；步骤(2)在室内进行导电复合材料的拉伸试验，测定复合材料的变形与电阻变化间的关系；步骤(3)利用导电复合材料的制备传感型格栅；步骤(4)确定传感型格栅的网型，即在传感型格栅平行的主筋列上添加规则的六边形辅筋。该类型土工格栅利用导电塑料的拉敏特性，通过测试格栅本身的电阻来获得其自身的变形信息，无需在土体内部埋入传感器，避免了因为外部传感器的植入而引起的变形测试精度下降以及传感器耐久性不满足要求的现象。
The invention discloses a method for preparing a sensor-type plastic geogrid, which comprises the following steps: step (1) select high-density polyethylene as a base material, and use conductive masterbatches added with superconducting carbon black as a filler to prepare a conductive composite Material; step (2) carries out the tensile test of conductive composite material indoors, and measures the relationship between the deformation of composite material and the change in resistance; step (3) utilizes the preparation sensing type grid of conductive composite material; step (4) determines The mesh type of the sensing grid is to add regular hexagonal auxiliary ribs to the parallel main ribs of the sensing grid. This type of geogrid uses the pull-sensitive characteristics of conductive plastics to obtain its own deformation information by testing the resistance of the grid itself, without embedding sensors inside the soil, avoiding the deformation test caused by the implantation of external sensors Phenomena in which the accuracy decreases and the durability of the sensor does not meet the requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention proposes a kind of preparation method adding the sensing type Plastics Geogrids of superconductive carbon black, belong to field of civil engineering.
Background technology
Earth structure series of products are economical with it, attractive in appearance, antidetonation, durable and be easy to the advantages such as construction, in road engineering, hydraulic engineering, be used widely in mine engineering, the development and use of geosynthetics has the history of decades, high performance raw material gives the high intensity of geotechnological product and durability, research simultaneously shows, in engineering, use geosynthetics about to need to increase 1% ~ 2% of former investment, and under equal design standard, the construction costs of 20% ~ 40% can be reduced, economic benefit is very remarkable, GSZ is the Typical Representative of earth structure series of products.But current GSZ product just plays single reinforcement effects, cannot detect the deformation information of reinforcing body, then need separately to adopt other equipment if detect, add difficulty and the cost of detection.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve prior art Problems existing, what the present invention is based on alert and resourceful conductive plastics draws quick effect, proposes a kind of preparation method adding the sensing type Plastics Geogrids of superconductive carbon black.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A preparation method for sensing type Plastics Geogrids, comprises the following steps:
Step (1) selects high density polyethylene (HDPE) to be base material, to add the conductive agglomerate of superconductive carbon black for filler, makes conducing composite material;
Step (2) carries out the tension test of conducing composite material in indoor, measure the relation between the distortion of composite and resistance variations;
What step (3) utilized step (1) to obtain conducing composite material prepares sensing type grid; Wherein at the mould of head when carrying out netting, middle cylinder non rotating, inner core revolves turnback around its locating shaft, and urceolus also revolves turnback according to the direction contrary with interior axle direction of rotation around its locating shaft, constantly moves back and forth according to this rule inner core urceolus;
Step (4) determines the net type of sensing type grid, on the main muscle row that sensing type grid is parallel, namely add the auxiliary muscle of hexagon of rule.
In described step (1), the preparation process of conducing composite material is as follows:
High density polyethylene (HDPE) is selected to be base material, to add the conductive agglomerate of superconductive carbon black for filler, with conductive agglomerate account for mixture quality mark be 40% ~ 60% scope in will the two melting mixing, through repeatedly mix plasticizing extrude after cooling granulation, obtain conducing composite material.
Relation between the distortion of the middle composite of described step (2) and resistance variations is as follows:
Carry out the tension test of conducing composite material in indoor, measure the relation between the distortion of composite and resistance variations, the functional relation between the two can be drawn: Ω/Ω
0=F (ε), wherein Ω/Ω
0be called normalized resistance rate, ε is strain value.
The technical process that described step (3) prepares sensing type grid is as follows:
(3-1) high density polyethylene (HDPE) and conductive agglomerate are uniformly mixed by fixed proportioning, pour in hopper.
(3-2) by Material sucking machine, compound is sucked in injection machine, after melting heating, the mixing binder of molten state is injected the mould of head, carry out netting.
(3-3) cool in the grid produced feeding cooling bay, sizing, draws rolling by pulling equipment.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
First, the preparation method of the sensing type Plastics Geogrids that the present invention proposes, what the type GSZ utilized conductive plastics draws quick characteristic, the deformation information of himself is obtained by the resistance testing grid itself, without the need to imbedding sensor at inside soil body, avoid because the implantation of external sensor and phenomenon that the deformation test precise decreasing that causes and sensor durability do not meet the demands, be specially adapted to deformation monitoring and the safe early warning of earth structure in life cycle management.
Secondly, in existing grid production technology, grid net type can cause whole net type not neat because of the out-of-shape of auxiliary muscle, affects grid use performance, therefore needs to improve netting setting process, improves grid performance.Now the netting technique of mould in factory is improved: reverse for the inner/outer tube of traditional grid circumference is rotated netting mode and be improved to the rotation of inner/outer tube inverted orientation, as shown in Figure 3.The grid net type that the grid prepared after improving technique is produced than routine is neat, rule, makes the sensing capabilities of grid more accurate.
In addition, in existing grid net type, grid net type can cause whole net type not neat because of the out-of-shape of auxiliary muscle, affect grid use performance, original distortion-sensitivity the function of composite then can be made to change as determined net after adopting conventional unidirectional, direction earthwork grille drawn, cannot accurate calibration the relationship of the two, so there is no suitable net type.For addressing this problem, according to honeycomb bionics principle through optimal design, intend adopting a kind of novel net type, namely on parallel main muscle row, add the auxiliary muscle of hexagon of rule, owing to being introduced in mesh design by the hexagon as honeycomb elementary cell, the non-deformability of grid and self stability are strengthened greatly.Improved by the mould process mentioned before, the sensing capabilities of this novel net type can be made higher.Novel net type as shown in Figure 4.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 conducting polymer percolation phenomena schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 grid preparation flow figure;
The common process of Fig. 3 (1) mould netting;
The improving technique of Fig. 3 (2) mould netting;
Fig. 4 net structure figure;
Fig. 5 normalized resistance rate and strain stress relation;
Fig. 6 normalized resistance rate and strain stress relation;
In figure: 1 urceolus, cylinder in 2,3 inner cores, 4 inner core locating shafts, 5 urceolus locating shafts, 6 auxiliary muscle, 7 main muscle.
Detailed description of the invention
Producing principle of the present invention is as follows:
(1) conducting polymer composite is at present at the energy, opto-electronic device, information, sensor, molecular wire and device, and the field such as electromagnetic shielding, anti-corrosion of metal and stealth technology is widely applied, filled composite type conducting polymer composite is most widely used conducing composite material, and it in matrix polymer, adds the conductive fillers such as carbon black, carbon fiber, graphite, CNT be composited.The electrical conductive behavior of conducing composite material generally presents typical percolation phenomena, as shown in Figure 1.When filer content is increased to a certain threshold value, in a certain region, composite material resistance rate sharply declines, and this region is called as diafiltration region.Smart material has perception and drives function, and some conductive polymer composite also has agility, shows some special effectses after particular design, as drawn quick effect.Quick effect is drawn to be that the process (low-resistance → high resistant) changed occurs electric conductivity under external pull effect.When drawing the appearance of quick effect to be owing to deforming more than certain critical value when composite, conductive path is formed high-impedance state by partial destruction.
(2) Changing Pattern of each performance indications of material is determined in actual applications by the change of resistivity, when being subject to External Force Acting with the conducting polymer adding superconductive carbon black for sensing type GSZ prepared by raw material, the resistivity generation marked change at stressed place, by choose change in resistance the most obvious time conducting polymer raw material (specific best filer content raw material), carry out the preparation of sensing type Plastics Geogrids.
The preparation method of sensing type Plastics Geogrids of the present invention, step is as follows:
(1) determination of the superconductive carbon black amount of filling out
For obtaining required composite, the development of composite is experimentally carried out in indoor, high density polyethylene (HDPE) is selected to be base material, to add the conductive agglomerate of superconductive carbon black for filler, with conductive agglomerate account for mixture quality mark be 40% ~ 60% scope in will the two melting mixing, cooling granulation after plasticizing is extruded, obtain conducing composite material, for ensureing the uniformity of composite, repeatedly mixing that plasticizing is extruded, granulation, using after obtaining required composite.
(2) alert and resourceful deformable polymer-sensitivity is demarcated
Carry out the tension test of conducing composite material in indoor, measure the relation between the distortion of composite and resistance variations, the functional relation between the two can be drawn: Ω/Ω 0=F (ε), wherein Ω/Ω 0 is called normalized resistance rate, and ε is strain value.
(3) preparation method of sensing type grid
With conductive high-density polyethylene composite (superconductive carbon black is for conductive filler) for raw material, selection mass fraction is that the composite of 40% ~ 60% conductive agglomerate filer content carries out grid preparation.Utilize the techniques such as GSZ production equipment is extruded through plasticizing, netting sizing to produce in batches in GSZ production plant, concrete production procedure is as Fig. 2.In existing grid production technology, grid net type can cause whole net type not neat because of the out-of-shape of auxiliary muscle, affects grid use performance, therefore needs to improve netting setting process, improves grid performance.Now the netting technique of mould in factory is improved: reverse for the inner/outer tube of traditional grid circumference is rotated netting mode and be improved to inner core, the rotation of urceolus inverted orientation, as shown in Figure 3, extrusion die comprises inner core 3, middle cylinder 2 and urceolus 1, during work, described middle cylinder 2 non rotating, inner core 3 revolves turnback around inner core locating shaft 4, and urceolus 1 also revolves turnback according to the direction contrary with interior axle direction of rotation around urceolus locating shaft 5, and so forth.The grid net type that the grid prepared after improving technique is produced than routine is neat, rule, makes the sensing capabilities of grid more accurate.
(4) net type is determined
In existing grid net type, grid net type can cause whole net type not neat because of the out-of-shape of auxiliary muscle, affect grid use performance, original distortion-sensitivity the function of composite then can be made to change as determined net after adopting conventional unidirectional, direction earthwork grille drawn, cannot accurate calibration the relationship of the two, so there is no suitable net type.For addressing this problem, according to honeycomb bionics principle through optimal design, intend adopting a kind of novel net type, namely on parallel main muscle 7 row, add the auxiliary muscle 6 of hexagon of rule, owing to being introduced in mesh design by the hexagon as honeycomb elementary cell, the non-deformability of grid and self stability are strengthened greatly.Improved by the mould process mentioned before, the sensing capabilities of this novel net type can be made higher.Novel net type as shown in Figure 4.
Embody rule of the present invention is as follows;
The type intelligence Plastics Geogrids all can be used, as built the protection works such as reinforced soil retaining wall, dykes and dams, bridge floor, abrupt slope, mine engineering on highway, railway and rivers,lakes and seas bank in the engineering needing reinforced structure.
Example one: the road preparation of sensing type Plastics Geogrids
In road engineering, GSZ is mainly used in soil mass consolidation, prevents sedimentation, for preparing road worthy sensing type Plastics Geogrids, choose proportion of filler be 45% conducing composite material (its normalized resistance rate and strain stress relation formula are
as shown in Figure 5), the manufacturing process of this ratio composite is as follows: base material HDPE and superconductive carbon black master batch prepare, mix by example in mass ratio; Melt extruded through extruder by the mixture of the two, granulation after cooling, obtains high-density polyethylene composite material, for ensureing the uniformity of carbon black in composite, by the composite material granular melting granulation more again of making, then granulation process repeats 2 times, can obtain the composite had good uniformity.The explained hereafter such as GSZ production equipment is extruded through plasticizing, netting sizing are utilized by the high-density polyethylene composite material taking carbon black as filler to make sensing type GSZ.The type sensing type Plastics Geogrids is laid in roadbed, not only can by grid mesh with between the soil body be engaged and interlocked is used, form an efficient Stress transmit mechanism, local load can be diffused in the large-area soil body quickly and effectively go, reduce local failure stress, also position detection by the change in resistance after stress deformation, for precuring and reinforcing provide scientific basis, both ensure that engineering safety, additionally reduce the engineering cost of life cycle management.
Example two: the mine preparation of sensing type Plastics Geogrids
When mining production operation, the stable strong in tunnel is the guarantee of safety in production, is reinforced roadway, usually adopts the method for burying and hanging GSZ, not only increases the robustness in tunnel like this, also can reduce construction cost.But nonetheless, due to the effect of the factors such as confined pressure, still can make wall deformation failure, even collapse, cause life and property loss, according to special equipment periodic detection, then time and effort consuming, and operation inconvenience.The mode of laying sensing type GSZ now can be adopted to overcome the above problems.Select packing quality ratio be 48% composite conducting high-density polyethylene composite material (carbon black is conductive filler) for raw material, (its normalized resistance rate and strain stress relation formula are
As shown in Figure 6), composite manufacturing process and require with example one.The type intelligence GSZ is hung in tunnel, not only can reinforced roadway, effectively prevent dropping of sillar or coal cinder, also position detection by the change in resistance after sensing type GSZ stress deformation, thus provide the firsthand information for predicting that ore deposit is pressed and formulated corresponding reinforcement measure, can prevent engineering accident from occurring, reduce life and property loss.
Claims (4)
1. a preparation method for sensing type Plastics Geogrids, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step (1) selects high density polyethylene (HDPE) to be base material, and the conductive agglomerate adding superconductive carbon black is filler, makes conducing composite material;
Step (2) carries out the tension test of conducing composite material in indoor, measure the relation between the distortion of composite and resistance variations;
The conducing composite material that step (3) utilizes step (1) to obtain prepares sensing type grid; Wherein at the mould of head when carrying out netting, middle cylinder non rotating, inner core revolves turnback around its locating shaft, and urceolus also revolves turnback according to the direction contrary with interior axle direction of rotation around its locating shaft, constantly moves back and forth according to this rule inner core urceolus;
Step (4) determines the net type of sensing type grid, on the main muscle row that sensing type grid is parallel, namely add the auxiliary muscle of hexagon of rule.
2. the preparation method of sensing type Plastics Geogrids as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (1), the preparation process of conducing composite material is as follows:
High density polyethylene (HDPE) is selected to be base material, the conductive agglomerate adding superconductive carbon black is filler, with conductive agglomerate account for mixture quality mark be 40% ~ 60% scope in will the two melting mixing, through repeatedly mix plasticizing extrude after cooling granulation, obtain conducing composite material.
3. the preparation method of sensing type Plastics Geogrids as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the relation between the distortion of the middle composite of described step (2) and resistance variations is as follows:
Carry out the tension test of conducing composite material in indoor, measure the relation between the distortion of composite and resistance variations, draw
Functional relation between the two: Ω/Ω
0=F (ε), wherein Ω/Ω
0be called normalized resistance rate, ε is strain value.
4. the preparation method of sensing type Plastics Geogrids as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the technical process that described step (3) prepares sensing type grid is as follows:
(3-1) conducing composite material step 1 obtained, pours in hopper;
(3-2) by Material sucking machine, compound is sucked in injection machine, after melting heating, the mixing binder of molten state is injected the mould of head, carry out netting;
(3-3) cool in the grid produced feeding cooling bay, sizing, draws rolling by pulling equipment.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105295174B (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2018-06-15 | 山东大学 | A kind of sensing type geo-grid material and its structure |
| EP3655720A4 (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2021-03-31 | Imagine Intelligent Materials Limited | Geosynthetic sensor array |
| CN107558319A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-01-09 | 安徽中路工程材料有限公司 | A kind of GSZ and its construction method with anchor studs |
| CN107607030B (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2024-01-23 | 山东大学 | Existing roadbed and slope stability monitoring structure and construction method thereof |
| CN108221911B (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2024-01-12 | 山东大学 | Geogrid with negative poisson ratio effect and preparation method thereof |
| CN110846965A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-02-28 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Geocell reinforcement and roadbed widening method based on conductive polymer |
| CN111521108A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-08-11 | 潍坊润宜科新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of intelligent machine-sensitive tape for geotechnical engineering safety detection |
| CN113418965B (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2023-06-09 | 深圳格通无线科技有限公司 | Engineering structure health monitoring method |
| CN113418442A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-21 | 深圳格通无线科技有限公司 | Ground engineering deformation monitoring method |
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| US4250127A (en) * | 1977-08-17 | 1981-02-10 | Connecticut Research Institute, Inc. | Production of electron microscope grids and other micro-components |
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