CN104129309B - Brake power recovering device and method for recovering brake energy - Google Patents

Abstract

A braking energy recovery device, including a continuously variable transmission, a flywheel motor, a battery pack and a controller. The flywheel motor includes a flywheel. The continuously variable transmission is connected between the flywheel and the axle and is used to adjust the speed ratio between the flywheel and the axle. The controller is used to receive the signal transmitted by the whole vehicle and judge the working condition of the vehicle; when the controller judges that the vehicle is in the preset working condition, it controls the flywheel motor to generate electricity, and converts the mechanical energy of the flywheel into electrical energy and stores it in the battery pack; the controller judges When the vehicle is in the braking condition, adjust the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission to accelerate the flywheel, and the controller controls the flywheel motor to not generate electricity, so as to store the mechanical energy of the axle in the flywheel; the controller judges that the vehicle is in the starting condition or When accelerating, the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission is adjusted to decelerate the flywheel, so as to release the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel to provide auxiliary driving force for the axle. The invention also relates to a braking energy recovery method.

Description

Braking energy recovery device and braking energy recovery method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, and in particular to a braking energy recovery device and a braking energy recovery method.

Background technique

Since entering the 21st century, energy and the environment have had an increasing impact on human life and social development. Energy-saving and emission-reduction technologies for transportation tools are becoming more and more prominent, energy recovery technology for vehicles has been given full attention, and braking energy recovery systems are widely used in electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles.

At present, the basic principle of braking energy recovery for vehicles with braking energy recovery system is: during the braking process, the motor is used to generate electricity, and at the same time, the electric energy is stored in the power battery to realize the recovery and utilization of braking energy. However, limited by the braking torque of the motor, the effectiveness of the braking energy recovery system at this stage is insufficient, especially when the braking demand is large (such as emergency braking), the braking torque generated by the motor cannot meet the braking force of the whole vehicle At this time, mechanical brakes are required to intervene and provide additional braking torque, resulting in waste of heat energy generated by mechanical brakes. Moreover, due to the limitation of the charging and discharging times of the power battery, frequent braking charging and discharging will also have a certain impact on the service life of the power battery, which will correspondingly reduce the service life of the power battery. In addition, because the existing braking energy recovery system needs to use the power battery, because the power battery is mostly used in the hybrid system and the pure electric vehicle, and the traditional vehicle cannot use the existing braking energy recovery system to recover the braking energy .

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a braking energy recovery device to solve the problem of insufficient braking torque and short service life of the power battery in the existing braking energy recovery system, and the drive vehicle cannot use it to recover braking energy The problem.

A braking energy recovery device, arranged on the axle of a vehicle, used to recover the braking energy of the vehicle, the braking energy recovery device includes a continuously variable transmission, a flywheel motor, a battery pack and a controller, and the flywheel motor includes Flywheel, the continuously variable transmission is connected between the flywheel and the axle and is used to adjust the speed ratio between the flywheel and the axle, and the controller is used to receive the signal transmitted from the whole vehicle and judge the speed of the vehicle When the controller judges that the vehicle is in the preset working condition, it controls the flywheel motor to generate electricity, converts the mechanical energy of the flywheel into electrical energy and stores it in the battery pack; the controller judges that the vehicle is in the In the braking condition, the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission is adjusted to accelerate the flywheel, and the controller controls the flywheel motor not to generate electricity, so as to store the mechanical energy of the axle in the flywheel ; when the controller judges that the vehicle is in the starting condition or the accelerating condition, adjust the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission to realize the deceleration of the flywheel, so as to release the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel to provide auxiliary drive for the axle force.

Further, the preset working condition is that the vehicle is stationary for a preset time, and the flywheel is still rotating at a certain speed.

Further, the continuously variable transmission includes a transmission gear, an input shaft and an output shaft, the input shaft is connected to the axle, the output shaft is connected to the flywheel, and the transmission gear is connected between the input shaft and the between the output shafts and for adjusting the speed ratio between the input shaft and the output shaft.

Further, the continuously variable transmission is a semi-toroidal continuously variable transmission structure, and the transmission gear includes an input disc, an output disc, a roller and a gear speed regulating mechanism, the input shaft is arranged on the input disc, and the output The shaft is arranged on the output disk, and the gear speed regulating mechanism is used to adjust the swing angle of the roller.

Further, the continuously variable transmission is a continuously variable transmission structure driven by a belt.

Further, the flywheel motor also includes a motor casing and multiple sets of coils, the multiple sets of coils are wound on the connecting cylinder provided on the electrode casing, the flywheel is provided with a permanent magnet, and the flywheel When the motor generates electricity, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet can perform a cutting motion relative to the coil to realize the power generation function of the flywheel motor.

Further, the permanent magnet is covered on the surface of the flywheel, the flywheel is arranged at the center of the motor housing, and the central axis of the motor housing is the rotation axis of the flywheel.

Further, the battery pack is arranged inside the motor housing.

The present invention also relates to a braking energy recovery method using the above-mentioned braking energy recovery device, comprising the following steps:

Receive the signal transmitted by the vehicle;

Judging the working condition of the vehicle according to the signal transmitted by the vehicle;

When judging that the vehicle is in a preset working condition, the controller controls the flywheel motor to generate electricity, converts the mechanical energy of the flywheel into electrical energy and stores it in the battery pack;

When it is judged that the vehicle is in a braking condition, the controller adjusts the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission to accelerate the flywheel, and the controller controls the flywheel motor to not generate electricity to drive the axle The mechanical energy of is stored in the flywheel; and

When judging that the vehicle is in a starting state or an accelerating state, the controller adjusts the transmission ratio of the continuously variable transmission to achieve deceleration of the flywheel, so as to release the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel to provide auxiliary drive for the axle force.

Further, the preset working condition is that the vehicle is stationary for a preset time, and the flywheel is still rotating at a certain speed.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the brake energy recovery device of the present invention is arranged on the axle, adopts an independent flywheel energy storage structure, and has little impact on other systems of the vehicle, and the independent flywheel brake energy recovery device utilizes the fast response of the flywheel, The characteristic of small torque limit solves the shortcomings of the existing braking energy recovery system, such as poor braking effectiveness and insufficient braking torque when high braking intensity is required, and when the flywheel motor generates electricity, the remaining mechanical energy of the flywheel is converted into electrical energy storage In the battery pack, since the braking energy recovery device is an independent structure, the dependence of the system on the power battery is reduced, which can avoid repeated charging of the power battery of the vehicle and prolong the service life of the power battery. In addition, the brake In addition to being applied to hybrid power systems and pure electric vehicles, energy recovery devices can also be applied to non-electric or non-oil-electric hybrid vehicles to realize braking energy recovery and power output of traditional vehicles.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented according to the contents of the description, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable , the following preferred embodiments are specifically cited below, and are described in detail as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a braking energy recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a continuously variable transmission used in a braking energy recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a flywheel motor used in a braking energy recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to further explain the technical means and functions adopted by the present invention to achieve the preset invention purpose, the specific embodiments, structures, features and functions of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

First of all, it needs to be explained that the continuously variable transmission involved in the braking energy recovery device of the embodiment of the present invention is not a vehicle transmission for shifting gears, and the involved flywheel is not the flywheel connected to the crankshaft of an automobile engine in a vehicle.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , the braking energy recovery device according to the embodiment of the present invention is arranged on the axle 40 of the vehicle, and is used to realize the recovery and utilization of the braking energy of the vehicle. The braking energy recovery device includes a continuously variable transmission 10 , a flywheel motor 20 , a battery pack 24 and a controller 30 . It should be noted that both the front axle and the rear axle of the automobile can be equipped with the braking energy recovery device of the present invention, and the front axle and the rear axle of the automobile can also be respectively equipped with a braking energy recovery device of the present invention. In this embodiment, the braking energy recovery device of the present invention is arranged on the front axle of the automobile.

Please combine Figure 2 and Figure 3, the flywheel motor 20 includes a flywheel 23, the continuously variable transmission 10 is connected between the flywheel 23 and the axle 40, and is used to adjust the speed ratio between the flywheel 23 and the axle 40, under the action of the continuously variable transmission 10 , mutual driving can be realized between the flywheel 23 and the axle 40 . Specifically, the continuously variable transmission 10 changes the speed ratio between the flywheel 23 and the axle 40 by changing its gear ratio, and the axle 40 can transmit the mechanical energy of the axle 40 to the flywheel 23 to accelerate the flywheel 23 and store energy when decelerating. When decelerating, the flywheel 23 can release its stored mechanical energy to the axle 40 and accelerate the axle 40 .

The controller 30 is used to receive the signal transmitted from the whole vehicle and determine the working condition of the vehicle to control the operation of the continuously variable transmission 10 and the flywheel motor 20, and when the controller 30 determines that the vehicle is in the preset working condition, control The flywheel motor 20 generates electricity, and converts the mechanical energy on the flywheel 23 into electrical energy and stores it in the battery pack 24. The electric energy stored in the battery pack 24 can be used to supply the flywheel motor 20, so that the flywheel motor 20 Auxiliary driving force can be provided to the vehicle. Wherein, the preset working condition is that the vehicle is stationary for a preset time, for example, after the vehicle is stationary for 3 seconds, the flywheel 23 is still rotating at a certain speed, and the controller 30 controls the flywheel motor 20 to generate electricity. By setting a preset working condition, it can be ensured that the flywheel motor 20 charges the battery pack 24 only when the flywheel 23 stores more mechanical energy, so as to avoid repeated charging under low conversion efficiency.

During the braking process of the vehicle, the controller 30 receives the braking signal, and when the controller 30 judges that the vehicle is in the braking condition, the controller 30 adjusts the transmission ratio of the continuously variable transmission 10 according to the braking demand, so as to decelerate the axle 40 and make the The flywheel 23 is accelerated, and the controller 30 controls the flywheel motor 20 to not generate electricity, so as to store the mechanical energy in the axle 40 in the flywheel 23 .

When the vehicle starts or accelerates, the controller 30 receives corresponding signals (such as brake signals, accelerator signals, vehicle speed signals, etc.), and when the controller 30 judges that the vehicle is in a starting condition or an acceleration condition, it calculates the required torque, and the controller 30 adjusts the gear ratio of the CVT 10 according to the acceleration torque demand, decelerates the flywheel 23 and accelerates the axle 40 , that is, releases the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel 23 to provide auxiliary driving force for the axle 40 .

Referring to FIG. 2 , the continuously variable transmission 10 includes a transmission gear 11 , an input shaft 12 and an output shaft 13 . The input shaft 12 of the continuously variable transmission 10 is connected to the axle shaft 40, the output shaft 13 is connected to the flywheel 23, and the transmission gear 11 is connected between the input shaft 12 and the output shaft 13 for adjusting the speed between the input shaft 12 and the output shaft 13 ratio, that is, the continuously variable transmission 10 can adjust the speed ratio between the axle 40 and the flywheel 23 .

The continuously variable transmission 10 may be of a semi-toroidal continuously variable transmission structure, or a continuously variable transmission structure driven by a belt. Please refer to FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, the continuously variable transmission 10 is preferably a semi-toroidal continuously variable transmission structure. The transmission gear 11 includes an input disc 101 , an output disc 103 , a roller 104 and a gear speed regulating mechanism 105 . The input shaft 12 is arranged on the input disk 101 , and the output shaft 13 is arranged on the output disk 103 . The gear speed regulating mechanism 105 is used to adjust the swing angle of the roller 104, so as to change the position of the contact point between the roller 104 and the input disk 101 and the output disk 103 to realize speed regulation.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the flywheel motor 20 further includes a motor housing 21 and a coil 22 disposed in the motor housing 21 . The motor housing 21 is a disc-shaped housing, and the flywheel 23 is installed in the center of the motor housing 21 , and the central axis of the motor housing 21 is the rotation axis of the flywheel 23 . There are multiple sets of coils 22 , such as 6 sets in the figure, which are wound on the connecting cylinder 215 provided on the motor housing 21 . Multiple groups of coils 22 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the motor housing 21 . The surface of the flywheel 23 is covered with permanent magnets 231 . When the flywheel 23 rotates, the magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet 231 covering the surface of the flywheel 23 can perform a cutting motion relative to the coil 22, and when the flywheel motor 20 generates electricity, the mechanical energy generated by the rotation of the flywheel 23 is converted into electrical energy to realize the power generation function of the flywheel motor 20 .

It should be noted that the controller 30 controls the on-off of multiple sets of coils 22 in the flywheel motor 20 to realize the control of whether the flywheel motor 20 generates electricity. Specifically, the controller 30 controls the conduction between the multiple sets of coils 22 inside the flywheel motor 20, so that the flywheel motor 20 generates electricity, so that the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel 23 is converted into electrical energy and stored in the battery pack 24; the controller 30 controls The multiple groups of coils 22 inside the flywheel motor 20 are disconnected so that the flywheel motor 20 does not generate electricity.

In this embodiment, the battery pack 24 is arranged in the motor housing 21, so that the overall volume of the braking energy recovery device of the present invention can be reduced. Of course, in other embodiments, the battery pack 24 can also be arranged outside the motor housing 21 .

It should be noted that the braking energy recovery device of the present invention can be applied to traditional vehicles, that is, non-electric or non-oil-electric hybrid vehicles, and the braking energy recovery device of the present invention forms a weak hybrid with the power system of traditional vehicles The system (Mild Hybrid, or mild hybrid system) can enable conventional vehicles to realize braking energy recovery and power output, including auxiliary driving when the vehicle starts or accelerates.

Further, the braking energy recovery device of the present invention can be applied to vehicles adopting a hybrid power system (Hybrid Electrical Vehicle, referred to as HEV) system, and replace the original braking energy recovery system of the hybrid power system, so as to improve the performance of vehicles adopting a hybrid power system. Braking effectiveness and protection of the power battery.

Furthermore, the braking energy recovery device of the present invention can also be applied to vehicles using a pure electric (Blade Electric Vehicles, referred to as BEV) system. The braking energy recovery device of the present invention and the original system of the pure electric system form an electric-electric A hybrid power unit, so that when a car using a pure electric system needs high-power discharge, for example, when starting or going uphill, it can be jointly driven by the battery pack of the braking energy recovery device of the present invention and the original rechargeable battery of the pure electric system, providing The high current required by the car.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides a braking energy recovery method using the above-mentioned braking energy recovery device, including the following steps:

Receive the signal transmitted by the vehicle;

Judging the working condition of the vehicle according to the signal transmitted by the vehicle;

When judging that the vehicle is in a preset working condition, the controller 30 controls the flywheel motor 20 to generate electricity, and converts the mechanical energy of the flywheel 23 into electrical energy and stores it in the battery pack 24;

When judging that the vehicle is in a braking condition, the controller 30 adjusts the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission 10 to accelerate the flywheel 23 according to the braking torque demand, and the controller 30 controls the flywheel motor 20 to not generate electricity, so that the axle 40 The mechanical energy of is stored in the flywheel 23; and

When it is judged that the vehicle is in a starting condition or an accelerating condition, the controller 30 adjusts the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission 10 according to the torque demand required for starting or accelerating to realize the deceleration of the flywheel 23, so as to release the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel 23 as Axle 40 provides auxiliary drive power.

Wherein, the preset working condition mentioned above is that the vehicle is stationary for a preset time, for example, after the vehicle is stationary for 3 seconds, the flywheel 23 is still rotating at a certain speed, and the controller 30 controls the flywheel motor 20 to generate electricity. By setting a preset working condition, it can be ensured that the flywheel motor 20 charges the battery pack 24 only when the flywheel 23 stores more mechanical energy, so as to avoid repeated charging under low conversion efficiency.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The braking energy recovery device of the present invention is arranged on the axle, adopts an independent flywheel energy storage structure, and has little influence on other systems of the vehicle, and the independent braking energy recovery device utilizes the characteristics of fast response and small torque limit of the flywheel Relying on the high-speed rotating flywheel to realize energy recovery and utilization, it can effectively recover braking energy and provide a certain power output, which solves the problem of poor braking effectiveness and braking when the existing braking energy recovery system requires high braking strength. The disadvantage of insufficient torque.

(2) By setting a predetermined working condition, the braking energy recovery device of the present invention makes the flywheel motor generate electricity when the vehicle is stationary for a certain period of time and the flywheel in the flywheel motor has surplus mechanical energy, and converts the surplus mechanical energy of the flywheel into electrical energy Stored in the battery pack, since the brake energy recovery device is an independent structure, it reduces the system's dependence on the power battery, avoids repeated charging of the vehicle's power battery, and prolongs the life of the power battery.

(3) In addition to being applied to hybrid power systems and pure electric vehicles, the braking energy recovery device of the present invention can also be applied to non-electric or non-oil-electric hybrid vehicles to realize the braking energy recovery of traditional vehicles and power output.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this field Those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, may use the technical content disclosed above to make some changes or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, but as long as they do not depart from the technical solution of the present invention, the Technical Essence Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A braking energy recovery device, arranged on the axle shaft (40) of the vehicle, for recovering the braking energy of the vehicle, characterized in that the braking energy recovery device includes a continuously variable transmission (10), a flywheel motor (20), a battery pack (24) and a controller (30), the flywheel motor (20) includes a flywheel (23), and the continuously variable transmission (10) is connected between the flywheel (23) and the axle ( 40) and is used to adjust the speed ratio between the flywheel (23) and the axle (40), the controller (30) is used to receive the signal transmitted by the whole vehicle and judge the working condition of the vehicle When the controller (30) judges that the vehicle is stationary for a preset time and the flywheel (23) is still rotating at a certain speed, it controls the flywheel motor (20) to generate electricity, and the flywheel (23) The mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy and stored in the battery pack (24); when the controller (30) judges that the vehicle is in a braking condition, it adjusts the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission (10) to realize the Acceleration of the flywheel (23), and the controller (30) controls the flywheel motor (20) not to generate electricity, so that the mechanical energy of the axle (40) is stored in the flywheel (23); the controller (30) When judging that the vehicle is in a starting condition or an accelerating condition, adjust the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission (10) to achieve deceleration of the flywheel (23), so as to release the mechanical energy stored in the flywheel (23) An auxiliary driving force is provided for the axle (40). 2. The braking energy recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the continuously variable transmission (10) comprises a transmission gear (11), an input shaft (12) and an output shaft (13), and the input shaft (12) is connected with the axle shaft (40), the output shaft (13) is connected with the flywheel (23), and the transmission gear (11) is connected between the input shaft (12) and the output shaft ( 13) and used to adjust the speed ratio between the input shaft (12) and the output shaft (13). 3. The braking energy recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the continuously variable transmission (10) is a semi-toroidal continuously variable transmission structure, and the transmission gear (11) includes an input disc (101), output disc (103), rollers (104) and gear speed regulating mechanism (105), the input shaft (12) is set on the input disc (101), and the output shaft (13) is set on the output disc (103), the gear speed regulating mechanism (105) is used to adjust the swing angle of the roller (104). 4. The braking energy recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that the continuously variable transmission (10) is a continuously variable transmission structure driven by a belt. 5. The braking energy recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the flywheel motor (20) also includes a motor housing (21) and multiple sets of coils (22), and the multiple sets of coils (22) ) is wound around the connecting cylinder (215) provided on the motor casing (21), and the flywheel (23) is provided with a permanent magnet (231). When the flywheel motor (20) generates power, the The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet (231) can perform cutting motion relative to the coil (22) to realize the power generation function of the flywheel motor (20). 6. The braking energy recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that, the permanent magnet (231) is covered on the surface of the flywheel (23), and the flywheel (23) is arranged on the motor The central part of the casing (21), and the central axis of the motor casing (21) is the rotation axis of the flywheel (23). 7. The braking energy recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that, the battery pack (24) is arranged inside the motor housing (21). 8. A braking energy recovery method using the braking energy recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Receive the signal transmitted by the vehicle; Judging the working condition of the vehicle according to the signal transmitted by the vehicle; When it is judged that the vehicle is stationary for a preset time and the flywheel (23) is still rotating at a certain speed, the controller (30) controls the flywheel motor (20) to generate electricity, and the flywheel (23) The mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy and stored in the battery pack (24); When judging that the vehicle is in a braking condition, the controller (30) adjusts the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission (10) to accelerate the flywheel (23), and the controller (30) controls The flywheel motor (20) does not generate electricity to store the mechanical energy of the axle (40) in the flywheel (23); and When judging that the vehicle is in a starting condition or an accelerating condition, the controller (30) adjusts the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission (10) to achieve deceleration of the flywheel (23), so as to release the flywheel ( 23) Stored mechanical energy provides auxiliary driving force for said axle (40).