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CN104111332B - Based on the kit of protein marker PAK4 auxiliary diagnosis Patients with Non-small-cell Lung - Google Patents

Based on the kit of protein marker PAK4 auxiliary diagnosis Patients with Non-small-cell Lung Download PDF

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CN104111332B
CN104111332B CN201410341619.9A CN201410341619A CN104111332B CN 104111332 B CN104111332 B CN 104111332B CN 201410341619 A CN201410341619 A CN 201410341619A CN 104111332 B CN104111332 B CN 104111332B
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赫捷
张百华
陈照丽
周成诚
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Cancer Hospital and Institute of CAMS and PUMC
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于蛋白标志物PAK4辅助诊断非小细胞肺癌患者的试剂盒。本发明要求保护用于检测蛋白标志物PAK4的产品在制备用于辅助诊断非小细胞肺癌患者的试剂盒中的应用。在本发明中,发明人通首次在NSCLC患者外周血中发现了蛋白标志物PAK4的存在,并发现NSCLC患者外周血中蛋白标志物PAK4的浓度高于健康者,即蛋白标志物PAK4具有辅助诊断NSCLC患者的价值。在本发明中,发明人通过免疫组化发现,NSCLC患者的肿瘤组织中,蛋白标志物PAK4的表达量显著高于肿瘤组织旁边的正常组织,且表达强度与预后生存时间有关,可以作为候选的预后因子。本发明对于非小细胞肺癌的辅助诊断和预后具有重大价值。

The invention discloses a kit for auxiliary diagnosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer based on the protein marker PAK4. The present invention claims the application of the product for detecting the protein marker PAK4 in the preparation of a kit for auxiliary diagnosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. In the present invention, the inventors discovered the existence of the protein marker PAK4 in the peripheral blood of NSCLC patients for the first time, and found that the concentration of the protein marker PAK4 in the peripheral blood of NSCLC patients was higher than that of healthy people, that is, the protein marker PAK4 has an auxiliary diagnosis Value for NSCLC patients. In the present invention, the inventors found through immunohistochemistry that the expression of the protein marker PAK4 in the tumor tissue of NSCLC patients was significantly higher than that in the normal tissue next to the tumor tissue, and the expression intensity was related to the prognosis and survival time, which can be used as a candidate prognostic factor. The invention has great value for auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer.

Description

基于蛋白标志物PAK4辅助诊断非小细胞肺癌患者的试剂盒Kit for auxiliary diagnosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer based on protein marker PAK4

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种基于蛋白标志物PAK4辅助诊断非小细胞肺癌患者的试剂盒。The invention relates to a kit for auxiliary diagnosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer based on the protein marker PAK4.

背景技术Background technique

全球肿瘤的发病率仍然在不断的升高,尤其是肺癌,已经成为癌症死亡原因中排名第一位的肿瘤。在2013年,估计美国将有228190例新发肺癌病例,虽然只占到肿瘤新发病例的14%,但由其导致死亡的人数却占全部死亡肿瘤患者的27%。从病理上,肺癌可分为非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC,约占85%)和小细胞肺癌(SCLC,约占15%)。The incidence of cancer worldwide is still rising, especially lung cancer, which has become the number one cause of cancer death. In 2013, it is estimated that there will be 228,190 new cases of lung cancer in the United States. Although it only accounts for 14% of new cancer cases, the number of deaths caused by it accounts for 27% of all cancer deaths. Pathologically, lung cancer can be divided into non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, accounting for about 85%) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC, accounting for about 15%).

肺癌的主要治疗方式包括手术、放疗和化疗,近年来,虽然肿瘤治疗技术有了很大的进步,靶向治疗也取得了一定的效果,但肺癌的5年生存率仍在15%左右徘徊。研究认为如此差的预后主要还是由于肿瘤发现过晚所致。据报道,新发现的肺癌病例中高达56%伴有远处转移,仅15%的病变局限于原发灶;而其相应的5年生存率分别为3.7%、52.2%,发现时分期相对较早的病变其预后明显较好。尤其对于I期的非小细胞肺癌,根治性手术切除后的5年生存率可达58-73%。因此,改善肺癌预后最有效的方式之一就在于进一步提高肺癌的早期诊断率。The main treatment methods for lung cancer include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In recent years, although tumor treatment technology has made great progress and targeted therapy has achieved certain results, the 5-year survival rate of lung cancer is still hovering around 15%. Studies suggest that such a poor prognosis is mainly due to the late detection of tumors. According to reports, up to 56% of newly discovered lung cancer cases are accompanied by distant metastasis, and only 15% of the lesions are confined to the primary tumor; while the corresponding 5-year survival rates are 3.7% and 52.2%, respectively, and the stage of discovery is relatively low. Early lesions have a significantly better prognosis. Especially for stage I non-small cell lung cancer, the 5-year survival rate after radical surgical resection can reach 58-73%. Therefore, one of the most effective ways to improve the prognosis of lung cancer is to further increase the early diagnosis rate of lung cancer.

目前,肺癌的发现主要依靠胸片或CT检查。美国进行的一项纳入53454例受试者的大型随机对照肺癌筛查研究显示,低剂量螺旋CT筛查能发现更多的早期肺癌,且与X线胸片筛查相比,肺癌的死亡率降低了20%。但这种筛查方式同样存在较多的问题:首先,影像学的阳性发现中假阳性率高达95%,如何对这些阳性发现做下一步的鉴别仍然是个很大的难题;此外,低剂量螺旋CT检查存在过度诊断的问题,导致一些不必要的检查甚至有创治疗;而且反复进行影像学检查存在放射线诱发肿瘤的风险。另一项研究则认为,虽然低剂量螺旋CT筛查肺癌可减少其死亡率,但费用相对昂贵,不利于推广应用。因此,仍亟需一种无创手段以辅助肿瘤的筛查和早期诊断。At present, the detection of lung cancer mainly relies on chest X-ray or CT examination. A large-scale randomized controlled lung cancer screening study involving 53,454 subjects conducted in the United States showed that low-dose spiral CT screening can detect more early lung cancers, and compared with chest X-ray screening, the mortality rate of lung cancer is lower. 20% lower. However, this screening method also has many problems: first, the false positive rate of positive findings in imaging is as high as 95%, and how to make further identification of these positive findings is still a big problem; in addition, low-dose helical CT examinations have the problem of overdiagnosis, leading to some unnecessary examinations and even invasive treatments; and repeated imaging examinations have the risk of radiation-induced tumors. Another study concluded that although low-dose spiral CT screening for lung cancer can reduce its mortality, the cost is relatively expensive, which is not conducive to popularization and application. Therefore, there is still an urgent need for a non-invasive method to assist in the screening and early diagnosis of tumors.

人类血液中包含丰富的各种细胞成分和分子物质,能很好地反映机体不同组织和器官的生理、病理状态,且其标本容易获得,因此,是一种理想的肿瘤无创诊断手段。因此,仍有待开发敏感性和特异性良好的标志物。Human blood is rich in various cellular components and molecular substances, which can well reflect the physiological and pathological states of different tissues and organs in the body, and its specimens are easy to obtain. Therefore, it is an ideal non-invasive diagnosis method for tumors. Therefore, markers with good sensitivity and specificity remain to be developed.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种基于蛋白标志物PAK4辅助诊断非小细胞肺癌患者的试剂盒。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kit for auxiliary diagnosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer based on the protein marker PAK4.

本发明要求保护用于检测蛋白标志物PAK4的产品在制备用于辅助诊断非小细胞肺癌患者的试剂盒中的应用。如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量为1.976ng/ml以上,待检者为候选的非小细胞肺癌患者;如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量小于1.976ng/ml,待检者为候选的非非小细胞肺癌患者。The present invention claims the application of the product for detecting the protein marker PAK4 in the preparation of a kit for auxiliary diagnosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. If the content of the protein marker PAK4 in the plasma of the examinee is above 1.976ng/ml, the examinee is a candidate non-small cell lung cancer patient; if the content of the protein marker PAK4 in the plasma of the examinee is less than 1.976ng/ml, then The subjects were candidate non-small cell lung cancer patients.

所述非小细胞肺癌患者可为肺磷癌患者。如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量为1.885ng/ml以上,待检者为候选的肺磷癌患者;如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量小于1.885ng/ml,待检者为候选的非肺磷癌患者。The non-small cell lung cancer patient may be a lung phosphocarcinoma patient. If the content of the protein marker PAK4 in the plasma of the examinee is above 1.885ng/ml, the examinee is a candidate lung phosphocarcinoma patient; if the content of the protein marker PAK4 in the plasma of the examinee is less than 1.885ng/ml, the examinee Those who are candidates for non-pulmonary phosphorus cancer patients.

所述非小细胞肺癌患者可为肺腺癌患者。如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量为1.976ng/ml以上,待检者为候选的肺腺癌患者;如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量小于1.976ng/ml,待检者为候选的非肺腺癌患者。The non-small cell lung cancer patient may be a lung adenocarcinoma patient. If the content of the protein marker PAK4 in the plasma of the candidate is above 1.976ng/ml, the candidate is a candidate lung adenocarcinoma patient; if the content of the protein marker PAK4 in the plasma of the candidate is less than 1.976ng/ml, the candidate for the test Candidate non-lung adenocarcinoma patients.

所述非小细胞肺癌患者可为Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者。如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量为1.662ng/ml以上,待检者为候选的Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者;如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量小于1.662ng/ml,待检者为候选的非Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者。The non-small cell lung cancer patient may be a stage I non-small cell lung cancer patient. If the content of the protein marker PAK4 in the plasma of the examinee is above 1.662ng/ml, the examinee is a candidate for stage I non-small cell lung cancer patients; if the content of the protein marker PAK4 in the plasma of the examinee is less than 1.662ng/ml , the examinee is a candidate non-stage I non-small cell lung cancer patient.

本发明还保护一种用于辅助诊断非小细胞肺癌患者的试剂盒,包括用于检测蛋白标志物PAK4的产品。所述试剂盒还可具有记载有如下判断标准的载体:如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量为1.976ng/ml以上,待检者为候选的非小细胞肺癌患者;如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量小于1.976ng/ml,待检者为候选的非非小细胞肺癌患者。The invention also protects a kit for auxiliary diagnosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, including a product for detecting the protein marker PAK4. The kit can also have a carrier recorded with the following judgment criteria: if the content of the protein marker PAK4 in the plasma of the examinee is above 1.976 ng/ml, the examinee is a candidate non-small cell lung cancer patient; if the examinee The content of the protein marker PAK4 in plasma is less than 1.976ng/ml, and the candidate is a candidate non-non-small cell lung cancer patient.

所述非小细胞肺癌患者可为肺磷癌患者。所述试剂盒还可具有记载有如下判断标准的载体:如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量为1.885ng/ml以上,待检者为候选的肺磷癌患者;如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量小于1.885ng/ml,待检者为候选的非肺磷癌患者。The non-small cell lung cancer patient may be a lung phosphocarcinoma patient. The kit can also have a carrier recorded with the following judgment criteria: if the content of the protein marker PAK4 in the plasma of the examinee is above 1.885 ng/ml, the examinee is a candidate lung cancer patient; The content of the protein marker PAK4 in the medium is less than 1.885ng/ml, and the candidate is a candidate non-pulmonary phosphorus cancer patient.

所述非小细胞肺癌患者为可肺腺癌患者。所述试剂盒还可具有记载有如下判断标准的载体:如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量为1.976ng/ml以上,待检者为候选的肺腺癌患者;如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量小于1.976ng/ml,待检者为候选的非肺腺癌患者。The non-small cell lung cancer patient is a lung adenocarcinoma patient. The kit can also have a carrier recorded with the following judgment criteria: if the content of the protein marker PAK4 in the subject's plasma is 1.976 ng/ml or more, the subject is a candidate lung adenocarcinoma patient; if the subject's plasma The content of the protein marker PAK4 in the medium is less than 1.976ng/ml, and the candidate is a candidate non-lung adenocarcinoma patient.

所述非小细胞肺癌患者可为Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者。所述试剂盒还可具有记载有如下判断标准的载体:如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量为1.662ng/ml以上,待检者为候选的Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者;如果待检者血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的含量小于1.662ng/ml,待检者为候选的非Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者。The non-small cell lung cancer patient may be a stage I non-small cell lung cancer patient. The kit can also have a carrier with the following judgment criteria: if the content of the protein marker PAK4 in the plasma of the subject is 1.662 ng/ml or more, the subject is a candidate stage I non-small cell lung cancer patient; The content of the protein marker PAK4 in the plasma of the examinee is less than 1.662ng/ml, and the examinee is a candidate non-stage I non-small cell lung cancer patient.

以上任一所述用于检测蛋白标志物PAK4的产品可为用于检测蛋白标志物PAK4的试剂盒,具体可为“p21蛋白激活激酶4(PAK4)检测试剂盒(酶联免疫吸附试验法)”,购自“USCNLifeScience,Wuhan,China”,货号为“SEH464Hu”。Any of the above-mentioned products for detecting protein marker PAK4 can be a kit for detecting protein marker PAK4, specifically "p21 protein-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) detection kit (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)" ", purchased from "USCN LifeScience, Wuhan, China", the article number is "SEH464Hu".

本发明还保护用于检测蛋白标志物PAK4的产品在制备用于对非小细胞肺癌患者进行预后判断的试剂盒中的应用。蛋白标志物PAK4在肿瘤组织中表达表达越强该患者的预后越差。所述用于检测蛋白标志物PAK4的产品可为蛋白标志物PAK4的抗体,具体可为兔来源的多克隆PAK4抗体,购自abnova公司。The invention also protects the application of the product for detecting the protein marker PAK4 in the preparation of a kit for judging the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The stronger the expression of the protein marker PAK4 in the tumor tissue, the worse the prognosis of the patient. The product used to detect the protein marker PAK4 may be an antibody to the protein marker PAK4, specifically a rabbit-derived polyclonal PAK4 antibody, purchased from abnova.

蛋白标志物PAK4的全称为p21活化激酶4(p21-activatedkinase4,serine/threonine-proteinkinasePAK4),是丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶中的一种,1998年首先由Abo等发现,可以诱导丝状伪足形成及肌动蛋白的聚合,导致细胞骨架重构。蛋白标志物PAK4的编码基因定位于染色体19q13.2-13.3。在本发明中,发明人通首次在NSCLC患者外周血中发现了蛋白标志物PAK4的存在,并发现NSCLC患者外周血中蛋白标志物PAK4的浓度高于健康者,即蛋白标志物PAK4具有辅助诊断NSCLC患者的价值。在本发明中,发明人通过免疫组化发现,NSCLC患者的肿瘤组织中,蛋白标志物PAK4的表达量显著高于肿瘤组织旁边的正常组织,且表达强度与预后生存时间有关,可以作为候选的预后因子。本发明对于非小细胞肺癌的辅助诊断和预后具有重大价值。The full name of the protein marker PAK4 is p21-activated kinase 4 (p21-activated kinase4, serine/threonine-proteinkinase PAK4), which is one of the serine/threonine protein kinases. It was first discovered by Abo et al. in 1998 and can induce filopodia Formation and polymerization of actin, leading to remodeling of the cytoskeleton. The gene encoding the protein marker PAK4 is located on chromosome 19q13.2-13.3. In the present invention, the inventors discovered the existence of the protein marker PAK4 in the peripheral blood of NSCLC patients for the first time, and found that the concentration of the protein marker PAK4 in the peripheral blood of NSCLC patients was higher than that of healthy people, that is, the protein marker PAK4 has an auxiliary diagnosis Value for NSCLC patients. In the present invention, the inventors found through immunohistochemistry that the expression of the protein marker PAK4 in the tumor tissue of NSCLC patients was significantly higher than that in the normal tissue next to the tumor tissue, and the expression intensity was related to the prognosis and survival time, which can be used as a candidate prognostic factor. The invention has great value for auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为实施例1中的ROC曲线。Fig. 1 is the ROC curve in embodiment 1.

图2为实施例2中的ROC曲线。Fig. 2 is the ROC curve in embodiment 2.

图3为实施例3中的ROC曲线。Fig. 3 is the ROC curve in embodiment 3.

图4为实施例4中的ROC曲线。Fig. 4 is the ROC curve in embodiment 4.

图5为实施例5中到的部分免疫组化照片。Fig. 5 is the partial immunohistochemical photograph obtained in embodiment 5.

图6为154例非小细胞肺癌患者中蛋白标志物PAK4的表达强度与预后的关系。Figure 6 shows the relationship between the expression intensity of the protein marker PAK4 and the prognosis in 154 patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

具体实施方式detailed description

以下的实施例便于更好地理解本发明,但并不限定本发明。下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。下述实施例中所用的试验材料,如无特殊说明,均为自常规生化试剂商店购买得到的。以下实施例中的定量试验,均设置三次重复实验,结果取平均值。The following examples facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, but do not limit the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, were purchased from conventional biochemical reagent stores. Quantitative experiments in the following examples were all set up to repeat the experiments three times, and the results were averaged.

标本的收集和保存均按照人类蛋白质组织血浆蛋白质项目(HumanProteomeOrganization,HUPO)和早期筛查研究网(earlydetectionresearchnetwork,EDRN)提供的建议进行。所有参与者均提供了书面的知情同意书。Specimens were collected and preserved in accordance with the recommendations provided by the Human Proteome Organization (HUPO) and the Early Detection Research Network (EDRN). All participants provided written informed consent.

统计学分析由GraphpadPrism5软件(SanDiego,CA,USA)和SPSS15.0软件(IBM,Chicago,USA)完成。血浆中蛋白标志物的组间差异采用Mann-WhitneyU检验。肿瘤组织与正常组织的免疫组化染色差异采用Wilcoxon秩和检验。生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法,组间生存差异采用Log-rank检验,多因素分析采用Cox比例风险模型,以P值≤0.05为差异有统计学意义。Statistical analysis was completed by GraphpadPrism5 software (SanDiego, CA, USA) and SPSS15.0 software (IBM, Chicago, USA). The differences among groups of protein markers in plasma were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test. The difference of immunohistochemical staining between tumor tissue and normal tissue was tested by Wilcoxon rank sum test. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, the Log-rank test was used for survival differences between groups, and the Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis. A P value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

实施例1、应用蛋白标志物PAK4辅助诊断非小细胞肺癌患者Example 1. Application of the protein marker PAK4 in the auxiliary diagnosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer

用于本实施例的患者为153例临床确诊的非小细胞肺癌患者(外周静脉血均在手术前获得,患者此前并未接受化疗、放疗、介入等治疗)和108例健康人(健康志愿者,取血前已排除肺癌或其他疾病),均为知情同意的志愿者。The patients used in this embodiment were 153 clinically diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer patients (peripheral venous blood was obtained before surgery, and the patients had not received chemotherapy, radiotherapy, intervention, etc.) and 108 healthy people (healthy volunteers) , lung cancer or other diseases were ruled out before blood collection), all volunteers with informed consent.

血液标本采用EDTA抗凝管采集,采血1小时内3000转/分离心20分钟,得到血浆,冻存于-80℃。室温溶解后分别蒋策检测血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的浓度、蛋白标志物Cyfra21-1的浓度、蛋白标志物SCC的浓度及蛋白标志物CEA的浓度。Blood samples were collected in EDTA anticoagulant tubes, and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 minutes within 1 hour of blood collection to obtain plasma, which was frozen at -80°C. After dissolving at room temperature, Jiang Ce detected the concentration of protein marker PAK4, protein marker Cyfra21-1, protein marker SCC and protein marker CEA in plasma respectively.

用于检测蛋白标志物PAK4的试剂盒全称为“p21蛋白激活激酶4(PAK4)检测试剂盒(酶联免疫吸附试验法)”,购自“USCNLifeScience,Wuhan,China”,货号为“SEH464Hu”。用于检测蛋白标志物Cyfra21-1的试剂盒全称为“CYFRA21-1)”,购自“罗氏应用化学公司”,货号为“11820966”。用于检测蛋白标志物SCC的试剂盒全称为“i2000SRSCC检测试剂”,购自“雅培公司”,货号为“8D18”。用于检测蛋白标志物CEA的试剂盒全称为“Carcinoembryonicantigen(CEA)”,购自“罗氏应用化学公司”,货号为“11731629”。The full name of the kit for detecting the protein marker PAK4 is "p21 Protein-Activated Kinase 4 (PAK4) Detection Kit (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay)", purchased from "USCN LifeScience, Wuhan, China", and the article number is "SEH464Hu". The full name of the kit used to detect the protein marker Cyfra21-1 is " CYFRA21-1)", purchased from "Roche Applied Chemicals Company", the article number is "11820966". The full name of the kit for detecting the protein marker SCC is "i2000SRSCC detection reagent", purchased from "Abbott Laboratories", the article number is "8D18 ". The full name of the kit used to detect the protein marker CEA is " Carcinoembryonicantigen (CEA)" was purchased from "Roche Applied Chemicals" with the article number "11731629".

153例非小细胞肺癌患者的血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度结果见表1。108例健康人的血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度结果见表2。The concentration results of each protein marker in the plasma of 153 patients with non-small cell lung cancer are shown in Table 1. The results of the concentration of each protein marker in the plasma of 108 healthy people are shown in Table 2.

表1非小细胞肺癌患者血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度(+代表诊断阳性,-代表诊断阴性)Table 1 Concentration of each protein marker in the plasma of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (+ represents positive diagnosis, - represents negative diagnosis)

表2健康人血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度(+代表诊断阳性,-代表诊断阴性)Table 2 Concentration of each protein marker in healthy human plasma (+ represents positive diagnosis, - represents negative diagnosis)

绘制ROC(receiveroperatingcharacteristiccurve)曲线(见图1)。Draw the ROC (receiveroperatingcharacteristiccurve) curve (see Figure 1).

在153例NSCLC患者与108例健康对照者的诊断中:PAK4的ROC曲线下面积(AUC,areaunderthecurve)为0.985(95%CI为0.962-0.996),如果选择Youden指数最大时的PAK4浓度作为临界值时(1.976ng/ml),其敏感性为88.24%,特异性为100%,Youden指数为0.8824;Cyfra21-1的AUC值为0.837(95%CI为0.787-0.880),临界值为3.3ng/ml时,其敏感性、特异性及Youden指数分别为50.33%、94.44%及0.4477;SCC的AUC值为0.569(95%CI为0.507-0.630),临界值为1.5ng/ml时,其敏感性、特异性及Youden指数分别为28.10%、95.37%及0.2347;CEA的AUC值为0.711(95%CI为0.652-0.766),临界值为5ng/ml时,其敏感性、特异性及Youden指数分别为29.41%、99.07%及0.2755。PAK4的AUC值显著高于Cyfra21-1、SCC和CEA(p<0.01),说明PAK4在NSCLC的诊断中的效能优于Cyfra21-1、SCC和CEA。In the diagnosis of 153 NSCLC patients and 108 healthy controls: the area under the ROC curve (AUC, area under the curve) of PAK4 is 0.985 (95% CI is 0.962-0.996), if the concentration of PAK4 at the maximum Youden index is selected as the cut-off value (1.976ng/ml), its sensitivity was 88.24%, its specificity was 100%, Youden's index was 0.8824; the AUC value of Cyfra21-1 was 0.837 (95% CI was 0.787-0.880), and the critical value was 3.3ng/ml ml, its sensitivity, specificity and Youden index were 50.33%, 94.44% and 0.4477 respectively; the AUC value of SCC was 0.569 (95% CI was 0.507-0.630), and when the critical value was 1.5ng/ml, its sensitivity , specificity and Youden index were 28.10%, 95.37% and 0.2347 respectively; the AUC value of CEA was 0.711 (95% CI was 0.652-0.766), and when the critical value was 5ng/ml, the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index were respectively are 29.41%, 99.07%, and 0.2755. The AUC value of PAK4 was significantly higher than that of Cyfra21-1, SCC and CEA (p<0.01), indicating that PAK4 was more effective in the diagnosis of NSCLC than Cyfra21-1, SCC and CEA.

实施例2、应用蛋白标志物PAK4辅助诊断Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者Example 2. Application of the protein marker PAK4 in the auxiliary diagnosis of patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer

用于本实施例的患者为27例临床确诊的Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者(外周静脉血均在手术前获得,患者此前并未接受化疗、放疗、介入等治疗)和35例健康人(健康志愿者,取血前已排除肺癌或其他疾病),均为知情同意的志愿者。The patients used in this embodiment were 27 clinically diagnosed patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (peripheral venous blood was obtained before surgery, and the patients had not received chemotherapy, radiotherapy, intervention, etc.) and 35 healthy people (healthy Volunteers, lung cancer or other diseases have been ruled out before blood collection), all volunteers with informed consent.

血液标本采用EDTA抗凝管采集,采血1小时内3000转/分离心20分钟,得到血浆,冻存于-80℃。室温溶解后分别蒋策检测血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的浓度、蛋白标志物Cyfra21-1的浓度及蛋白标志物CEA的浓度。Blood samples were collected in EDTA anticoagulant tubes, and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 minutes within 1 hour of blood collection to obtain plasma, which was frozen at -80°C. After dissolving at room temperature, Jiang Ce detected the concentration of protein marker PAK4, protein marker Cyfra21-1 and protein marker CEA in plasma respectively.

用于检测蛋白标志物PAK4的试剂盒全称为“p21蛋白激活激酶4(PAK4)检测试剂盒(酶联免疫吸附试验法)”,购自“USCNLifeScience,Wuhan,China”,货号为“SEH464Hu”。用于检测蛋白标志物Cyfra21-1的试剂盒全称为“CYFRA21-1)”,购自“罗氏应用化学公司”,货号为“11820966”。用于检测蛋白标志物CEA的试剂盒全称为“Carcinoembryonicantigen(CEA)”,购自“罗氏应用化学公司”,货号为“11731629”。The full name of the kit for detecting the protein marker PAK4 is "p21 Protein-Activated Kinase 4 (PAK4) Detection Kit (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay)", purchased from "USCN LifeScience, Wuhan, China", and the article number is "SEH464Hu". The full name of the kit used to detect the protein marker Cyfra21-1 is " CYFRA21-1)", purchased from "Roche Applied Chemicals Company", the article number is "11820966". The full name of the kit for detecting protein marker CEA is " Carcinoembryonicantigen (CEA)" was purchased from "Roche Applied Chemicals" with the article number "11731629".

27例临床确诊的Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者的血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度结果见表3。35例健康人的血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度结果见表2。The concentration results of each protein marker in the plasma of 27 clinically diagnosed patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer are shown in Table 3. The results of the concentration of each protein marker in the plasma of 35 healthy people are shown in Table 2.

表3Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度(+代表诊断阳性,-代表诊断阴性)Table 3 Concentration of each protein marker in plasma of patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (+ represents positive diagnosis, - represents negative diagnosis)

表4健康人血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度(+代表诊断阳性,-代表诊断阴性)Table 4 Concentration of each protein marker in healthy human plasma (+ represents positive diagnosis, - represents negative diagnosis)

绘制ROC(receiveroperatingcharacteristiccurve)曲线(见图2)。Draw the ROC (receiveroperatingcharacteristiccurve) curve (see Figure 2).

在27例I期NSCLC患者与35例健康对照者的诊断中:PAK4的ROC曲线下面积(AUC,areaunderthecurve)为0.989(95%CI为0.922-0.996),如果选择Youden指数最大时的PAK4浓度作为临界值时(1.662ng/ml),其敏感性为96.30%,特异性为94.29%,Youden指数为0.9059;Cyfra21-1的AUC值为0.711(95%CI为0.582-0.819),临界值为3.3ng/ml时,其敏感性、特异性及Youden指数分别为29.63%、88.57%及0.182;CEA的AUC值为0.527(95%CI为0.396-0.655),临界值为5ng/ml时,其敏感性、特异性及Youden指数分别为11.11%、100%及0.1111。PAK4的AUC值显著高于Cyfra21-1和CEA(p<0.01),说明PAK4对I期NSCLC的诊断效能优于Cyfra21-1和CEA。In the diagnosis of 27 patients with stage I NSCLC and 35 healthy controls: the area under the ROC curve (AUC, area under the curve) of PAK4 was 0.989 (95% CI was 0.922-0.996), if the concentration of PAK4 at the maximum Youden index was selected as At the critical value (1.662ng/ml), the sensitivity was 96.30%, the specificity was 94.29%, and the Youden index was 0.9059; the AUC value of Cyfra21-1 was 0.711 (95% CI was 0.582-0.819), and the critical value was 3.3 ng/ml, its sensitivity, specificity and Youden index were 29.63%, 88.57% and 0.182; The specificity, specificity and Youden's index were 11.11%, 100% and 0.1111, respectively. The AUC value of PAK4 was significantly higher than that of Cyfra21-1 and CEA (p<0.01), indicating that the diagnostic efficiency of PAK4 for stage I NSCLC was better than that of Cyfra21-1 and CEA.

实施例3、应用蛋白标志物PAK4辅助诊断肺腺癌Example 3. Application of the protein marker PAK4 in the auxiliary diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma

用于本实施例的患者为64例临床确诊的肺腺癌患者(外周静脉血均在手术前获得,患者此前并未接受化疗、放疗、介入等治疗)和108例健康人(健康志愿者,取血前已排除肺癌或其他疾病),均为知情同意的志愿者。The patients used in this embodiment were 64 clinically diagnosed lung adenocarcinoma patients (peripheral venous blood was obtained before surgery, and the patients had not received chemotherapy, radiotherapy, intervention, etc.) and 108 healthy people (healthy volunteers, Lung cancer or other diseases have been ruled out before blood collection), all volunteers with informed consent.

血液标本采用EDTA抗凝管采集,采血1小时内3000转/分离心20分钟,得到血浆,冻存于-80℃。室温溶解后分别蒋策检测血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的浓度、蛋白标志物Cyfra21-1的浓度及蛋白标志物CEA的浓度。Blood samples were collected in EDTA anticoagulant tubes, and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 minutes within 1 hour of blood collection to obtain plasma, which was frozen at -80°C. After dissolving at room temperature, Jiang Ce detected the concentration of protein marker PAK4, protein marker Cyfra21-1 and protein marker CEA in plasma respectively.

用于检测蛋白标志物PAK4的试剂盒全称为“p21蛋白激活激酶4(PAK4)检测试剂盒(酶联免疫吸附试验法)”,购自“USCNLifeScience,Wuhan,China”,货号为“SEH464Hu”。用于检测蛋白标志物Cyfra21-1的试剂盒全称为“CYFRA21-1)”,购自“罗氏应用化学公司”,货号为“11820966”。用于检测蛋白标志物CEA的试剂盒全称为“Carcinoembryonicantigen(CEA)”,购自“罗氏应用化学公司”,货号为“11731629”。The full name of the kit for detecting the protein marker PAK4 is "p21 Protein-Activated Kinase 4 (PAK4) Detection Kit (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay)", purchased from "USCN LifeScience, Wuhan, China", and the article number is "SEH464Hu". The full name of the kit used to detect the protein marker Cyfra21-1 is " CYFRA21-1)", purchased from "Roche Applied Chemicals Company", the article number is "11820966". The full name of the kit for detecting protein marker CEA is " Carcinoembryonicantigen (CEA)" was purchased from "Roche Applied Chemicals" with the article number "11731629".

64例临床确诊的肺腺癌患者的血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度结果见表5。108例健康人的血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度结果见表6。The concentration results of each protein marker in the plasma of 64 clinically diagnosed patients with lung adenocarcinoma are shown in Table 5. The results of the concentration of each protein marker in the plasma of 108 healthy people are shown in Table 6.

表5肺腺癌患者血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度(+代表诊断阳性,-代表诊断阴性)Table 5 Concentration of each protein marker in plasma of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (+ represents positive diagnosis, - represents negative diagnosis)

表6健康人的血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度(+代表诊断阳性,-代表诊断阴性)Table 6 The concentration of each protein marker in the plasma of healthy people (+ represents positive diagnosis, - represents negative diagnosis)

绘制ROC(receiveroperatingcharacteristiccurve)曲线(见图3)。Draw the ROC (receiveroperatingcharacteristiccurve) curve (see Figure 3).

在64例肺腺癌患者与108例健康对照者的诊断中:PAK4的ROC曲线下面积(AUC,areaunderthecurve)为0.987(95%CI为0.957-0.998),如果选择Youden指数最大时的PAK4浓度作为临界值时(1.976ng/ml),其敏感性为90.62%,特异性为100%,Youden指数为0.9062;Cyfra21-1的AUC值为0.745(95%CI为0.673-0.808),临界值为3.3ng/ml时,其敏感性、特异性及Youden指数分别为32.81%、95.37%及0.2818;CEA的AUC值为0.753(95%CI为0.682-0.815),临界值为5ng/ml时,其敏感性、特异性及Youden指数分别为45.31%、99.07%及0.4438。PAK4的AUC值显著高于Cyfra21-1和CEA(p<0.01),说明PAK4对肺腺癌的诊断效能优于Cyfra21-1和CEA。In the diagnosis of 64 lung adenocarcinoma patients and 108 healthy controls: the area under the ROC curve (AUC, area under the curve) of PAK4 was 0.987 (95% CI was 0.957-0.998), if the concentration of PAK4 at the maximum Youden index was selected as At the critical value (1.976ng/ml), the sensitivity was 90.62%, the specificity was 100%, and the Youden index was 0.9062; the AUC value of Cyfra21-1 was 0.745 (95% CI was 0.673-0.808), and the critical value was 3.3 ng/ml, its sensitivity, specificity and Youden index were 32.81%, 95.37% and 0.2818; The specificity, specificity and Youden index were 45.31%, 99.07% and 0.4438 respectively. The AUC value of PAK4 was significantly higher than that of Cyfra21-1 and CEA (p<0.01), indicating that the diagnostic efficiency of PAK4 for lung adenocarcinoma was better than that of Cyfra21-1 and CEA.

实施例4、应用蛋白标志物PAK4辅助诊断肺磷癌Example 4. Application of the protein marker PAK4 in the auxiliary diagnosis of pulmonary phosphocarcinoma

用于本实施例的患者为89例临床确诊的肺磷癌患者(外周静脉血均在手术前获得,患者此前并未接受化疗、放疗、介入等治疗)和108例健康人(健康志愿者,取血前已排除肺癌或其他疾病),均为知情同意的志愿者。The patients used in this embodiment were 89 patients with clinically diagnosed pulmonary phosphocarcinoma (peripheral venous blood was obtained before surgery, and the patients had not received chemotherapy, radiotherapy, intervention, etc.) and 108 healthy people (healthy volunteers, Lung cancer or other diseases have been ruled out before blood collection), all volunteers with informed consent.

血液标本采用EDTA抗凝管采集,采血1小时内3000转/分离心20分钟,得到血浆,冻存于-80℃。室温溶解后分别蒋策检测血浆中蛋白标志物PAK4的浓度、蛋白标志物Cyfra21-1的浓度及蛋白标志物CEA的浓度。Blood samples were collected in EDTA anticoagulant tubes, and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 minutes within 1 hour of blood collection to obtain plasma, which was frozen at -80°C. After dissolving at room temperature, Jiang Ce detected the concentration of protein marker PAK4, protein marker Cyfra21-1 and protein marker CEA in plasma respectively.

用于检测蛋白标志物PAK4的试剂盒全称为“p21蛋白激活激酶4(PAK4)检测试剂盒(酶联免疫吸附试验法)”,购自“USCNLifeScience,Wuhan,China”,货号为“SEH464Hu”。用于检测蛋白标志物Cyfra21-1的试剂盒全称为“CYFRA21-1)”,购自“罗氏应用化学公司”,货号为“11820966”。用于检测蛋白标志物SCC的试剂盒全称为“i2000SRSCC检测试剂”,购自“雅培公司”,货号为“8D18”。用于检测蛋白标志物CEA的试剂盒全称为“Carcinoembryonicantigen(CEA)”,购自“罗氏应用化学公司”,货号为“11731629”。The full name of the kit for detecting the protein marker PAK4 is "p21 Protein-Activated Kinase 4 (PAK4) Detection Kit (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay)", purchased from "USCN LifeScience, Wuhan, China", and the article number is "SEH464Hu". The full name of the kit used to detect the protein marker Cyfra21-1 is " CYFRA21-1)", purchased from "Roche Applied Chemicals Company", the article number is "11820966". The full name of the kit for detecting the protein marker SCC is "i2000SRSCC detection reagent", purchased from "Abbott Laboratories", the article number is "8D18 ". The full name of the kit used to detect the protein marker CEA is " Carcinoembryonicantigen (CEA)" was purchased from "Roche Applied Chemicals" with the article number "11731629".

89例临床确诊的肺磷癌患者的血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度结果见表7。108例健康人的血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度结果见表8。The concentration results of each protein marker in the plasma of 89 patients with clinically diagnosed pulmonary phosphocarcinoma are shown in Table 7. The results of the concentration of each protein marker in the plasma of 108 healthy people are shown in Table 8.

表7肺磷癌患者的血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度(+代表诊断阳性,-代表诊断阴性)Table 7 The concentration of each protein marker in the plasma of patients with lung phosphocarcinoma (+ represents positive diagnosis, - represents negative diagnosis)

表8健康人的血浆中各个蛋白标志物的浓度(+代表诊断阳性,-代表诊断阴性)Table 8 The concentration of each protein marker in the plasma of healthy people (+ represents positive diagnosis, - represents negative diagnosis)

绘制ROC(receiveroperatingcharacteristiccurve)曲线(见图4)。Draw the ROC (receiveroperatingcharacteristiccurve) curve (see Figure 4).

在89例肺鳞癌患者与108例健康对照者的诊断中:PAK4的ROC曲线下面积(AUC,areaunderthecurve)为0.984(95%CI为0.954-0.996),如果选择Youden指数最大时的PAK4浓度作为临界值时(1.885ng/ml),其敏感性为88.76%,特异性为98.15%,Youden指数为0.8691;Cyfra21-1的AUC值为0.903(95%CI为0.853-0.941),临界值为3.3ng/ml时,其敏感性、特异性及Youden指数分别为62.92%、94.44%及0.5736;SCC的AUC值为0.744(95%CI为0.677-0.803),临界值为1.5ng/ml时,其敏感性、特异性及Youden指数分别为46.07%、95.37%及0.4144;CEA的AUC值为0.681(95%CI为0.612-0.746),临界值为5ng/ml时,其敏感性、特异性及Youden指数分别为17.98%、99.07%及0.1705。PAK4的AUC值显著高于Cyfra21-1、SCC和CEA(p<0.01),说明PAK4对肺鳞癌的诊断效能优于Cyfra21-1、SCC和CEA。In the diagnosis of 89 lung squamous cell carcinoma patients and 108 healthy controls: the area under the ROC curve (AUC, area under the curve) of PAK4 was 0.984 (95% CI was 0.954-0.996), if the concentration of PAK4 at the maximum Youden index was selected as At the critical value (1.885ng/ml), the sensitivity was 88.76%, the specificity was 98.15%, and the Youden index was 0.8691; the AUC value of Cyfra21-1 was 0.903 (95% CI was 0.853-0.941), and the critical value was 3.3 ng/ml, its sensitivity, specificity and Youden index were 62.92%, 94.44% and 0.5736; The sensitivity, specificity and Youden index were 46.07%, 95.37% and 0.4144 respectively; the AUC value of CEA was 0.681 (95% CI was 0.612-0.746), and when the cut-off value was 5ng/ml, the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index The indices are 17.98%, 99.07% and 0.1705 respectively. The AUC value of PAK4 was significantly higher than that of Cyfra21-1, SCC and CEA (p<0.01), indicating that the diagnostic efficiency of PAK4 for lung squamous cell carcinoma was better than that of Cyfra21-1, SCC and CEA.

实施例5、蛋白标志物PAK4在NSCLC患者的肿瘤组织与正常肺组织中的表达强度Example 5, Expression Intensity of Protein Marker PAK4 in Tumor Tissue and Normal Lung Tissue of NSCLC Patients

154例临床确诊的非小细胞肺癌患者(知情同意的志愿者),分别取肿瘤组织与正常肺组织制作石蜡切片并进行免疫组化。免疫组化染色的一抗为兔来源的多克隆PAK4抗体,购自abnova公司(PAB-2301,1:70稀释)。154 patients with clinically diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer (volunteers who gave informed consent), respectively took tumor tissues and normal lung tissues to make paraffin sections and performed immunohistochemistry. The primary antibody for immunohistochemical staining was polyclonal PAK4 antibody derived from rabbit, which was purchased from abnova (PAB-2301, diluted 1:70).

部分照片见图5。蛋白标志物PAK4主要表达于肿瘤细胞的胞浆,而在正常组织中很少表达或罕见地表达于呼吸性细支气管上皮细胞中。在NSCLC中,蛋白标志物PAK4在肺肿瘤组织中的阳性表达明显增加(81.2%),高于相应正常肺组织的11.0%,差异有统计学意义(p<0.001)。Some photos are shown in Figure 5. The protein marker PAK4 is mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of tumor cells, but rarely expressed in normal tissues or rarely expressed in respiratory bronchiolar epithelial cells. In NSCLC, the positive expression of protein marker PAK4 in lung tumor tissue was significantly increased (81.2%), which was higher than that in corresponding normal lung tissue (11.0%), and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001).

显微镜下的染色评分分别由两位有经验的病理科医生在单盲的情况下独立完成,根据染色强度分为0、1、2、3等级,根据染色细胞数量分为0(1-5%)、1(6-25%)、2(26-50%)、3(51-75%)和4(76-100%)。最终的评分根据染色强度和阳性细胞数量综合评定,分为-(阴性)、+(弱阳性,1-4分)、++(阳性,5-8分)和+++(强阳性,8分以上)。154例非小细胞肺癌患者中蛋白标志物PAK4的表达强度与预后的关系见图6。生存时间≤5年的患者中,蛋白标志物PAK4表达为阳性(++/+++)的比例明显高于>5年的患者(39.5%vs21.6%,p=0.012)。Kaplan-Meier法生存分析显示,蛋白标志物PAK4表达阴性患者(n=29)与表达弱阳性患者(n=77)的生存优于表达阳性的患者(n=48),(p=0.009,0.056)。其中,蛋白标志物PAK4表达阴性患者的5年生存率为65.3%,弱阳性组的5年生存率为50.1%,阳性组的5年生存率为32.2%。该结果提示,蛋白标志物PAK4在NSCLC中表达明显增加,且表达越强其预后越差,因而可以作为判断NSCLC预后的独立因子(p=0.019,HR1.541,95%CI1.073-2.211)。Staining scores under the microscope were independently completed by two experienced pathologists in a single-blind situation. They were divided into 0, 1, 2, and 3 grades according to the staining intensity, and 0 (1-5% according to the number of stained cells). ), 1 (6-25%), 2 (26-50%), 3 (51-75%) and 4 (76-100%). The final score is based on the comprehensive evaluation of the staining intensity and the number of positive cells, and is divided into - (negative), + (weak positive, 1-4 points), ++ (positive, 5-8 points) and +++ (strong positive, 8 points). points or more). The relationship between the expression intensity of the protein marker PAK4 and the prognosis in 154 patients with non-small cell lung cancer is shown in Figure 6. In patients with survival time ≤ 5 years, the proportion of positive protein marker PAK4 expression (++/+++) was significantly higher than in patients > 5 years (39.5% vs 21.6%, p = 0.012). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the survival of patients with negative expression of protein marker PAK4 (n=29) and patients with weak positive expression (n=77) was better than that of patients with positive expression (n=48), (p=0.009,0.056 ). Among them, the 5-year survival rate of patients with negative protein marker PAK4 expression was 65.3%, the 5-year survival rate of weakly positive group was 50.1%, and the 5-year survival rate of positive group was 32.2%. The results suggest that the expression of the protein marker PAK4 is significantly increased in NSCLC, and the stronger the expression, the worse the prognosis, so it can be used as an independent factor to judge the prognosis of NSCLC (p=0.019, HR1.541, 95%CI1.073-2.211) .

Claims (5)

1. for detecting the application of product in the kit for the preparation of auxiliary diagnosis Patients with Non-small-cell Lung of protein marker PAK4.
2. apply as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Patients with Non-small-cell Lung is lung phosphorus cancer patient.
3. apply as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Patients with Non-small-cell Lung is patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
4. apply as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Patients with Non-small-cell Lung is I phase Patients with Non-small-cell Lung.
5. for the product that detects protein marker PAK4 for the preparation of the application carried out Patients with Non-small-cell Lung in the kit of Index for diagnosis.
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