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CN104107917A - Method for producing ultrafine zirconium powder - Google Patents

Method for producing ultrafine zirconium powder Download PDF

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CN104107917A
CN104107917A CN201410342222.1A CN201410342222A CN104107917A CN 104107917 A CN104107917 A CN 104107917A CN 201410342222 A CN201410342222 A CN 201410342222A CN 104107917 A CN104107917 A CN 104107917A
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zirconium
ball
milling
zirconium powder
dehydrogenation
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CN104107917B (en
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齐牧
崔传海
李广明
刘飞
李�杰
孙秀焕
王敏
张绪东
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CITIC Jinzhou Metal Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing ultrafine zirconium powder. The method comprises the following steps: mixing firearm zirconium sponge and electrolyzed zirconium serving as raw material zirconium, adding the mixture into a material receiving crucible of a hydrogenation reactor, igniting the raw material zirconium and hydrogenating to obtain zirconium hydride; putting the zirconium hydride into a ball-milling tank loaded with a ball-milling medium, and performing ball milling till the granularity of the zirconium hydride is smaller than or equal to 400 meshes; putting the smashed zirconium hydride into a vacuum drying oven for drying, loading the smashed and dried zirconium hydride into a dehydrogenating furnace for dehydrogenating, putting the dehydrogenated zirconium hydride into the ball-milling tank loaded with the ball-milling medium for performing ball-milling, sieving, washing and drying to obtain ultrafine zirconium powder. The method has the advantages that the raw materials are readily available, the technological process is stable, the phenomena of self-ignition and explosion are avoided, and the technical index and safety production requirements of the ultrafine zirconium powder can be met.

Description

A kind of production method of ultra-fine zirconium powder
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of ultra-fine zirconium powder.
Background technology
Zirconium powder has excellent pumping property, is widely used in ammunition, fireworks and electrovacuum field.By zirconium powder fine, can greatly improve burning velocity, the sensitivity of detonating, and igniting diffusion spreads rapidly, reliable and stable.Activated zr content > 90%, 70% the ultra-fine zirconium powder of accounting for of granularity≤10 μ m can be as the igniting agent of nuclear power source priming system.
Because zirconium powder has larger specific surface and specific surface energy, have an effect rapidly with oxygen, as average particle size particle size≤10 of zirconium powder μ m and while being suspension, can spontaneous combustion and blast.Therefore, the thinner zirconium powder of granularity mainly contains thermal cell zirconium powder at present, it is for the exothermic material of the thermal cell of the weapons such as rocket, guided missile, activated zr content 90%~93%, 200 ℃~280 ℃ of flash points, granularity < 6 μ m account for 30%~40%, and the ultra-fine zirconium powder of its Relative Size is partially thick, cannot meet the application requirements of ultra-fine zirconium powder.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of production technology of ultra-fine zirconium powder, and the method raw material is easy to get, and stable technical process avoids occurring spontaneous combustion and explosion phenomenon, can meet technical indicator and the safety in production requirement of ultra-fine zirconium powder.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A production method for ultra-fine zirconium powder, its concrete steps are as follows:
(1) take firearm sponge zirconium and electrolysis zirconium as raw material zirconium carries out mix and joins in the charge crucible of hydrogenation reactor, after raw material zirconium is ignited, carry out hydrogenation, obtain zircoium hydride;
(2) zircoium hydride is put into the ball grinder that ball-milling medium is housed, the internal layer substrate of described ball grinder is zirconium lining, in ball grinder, be filled with deionized water, deionized water addition exceeds the charge level 100mm~200mm of ball-milling medium and zircoium hydride formation, ball grinder is placed on rolling rods type ball mill, carries out granularity≤400 order that ball milling makes zircoium hydride;
(3) zircoium hydride after fragmentation is put into vacuum drying oven and dried 24h~32h at 60 ℃~80 ℃, pack in dehydrogenation furnace, zircoium hydride charge is 5kg/ stove~8kg/ stove, first temperature is risen to 590 ℃~600 ℃ insulation 25min~30min, again temperature is risen to 640 ℃~650 ℃ insulation 50min~60min, then temperature is risen to 690 ℃~700 ℃ insulation 25min~30min, finally temperature is risen to 740 ℃~750 ℃ insulation 25min~30min, continue to be warming up to 780 ℃~900 ℃, until vacuum reaches after 4Pa in stove, close heating power supply, water drenches cooling, after cooling 4h~5h, come out of the stove,
(4) the dehydrogenation zirconium powder after dehydrogenation is put into the ball grinder that ball-milling medium is housed, the internal layer substrate of described ball grinder is zirconium lining, the addition of each ball grinder dehydrogenation zirconium powder is 5.0kg~8.0kg, the addition of ball-milling medium is 5.0 kg~6.0kg, in ball grinder, be filled with deionized water, deionized water addition exceeds the charge level 100mm~200mm of ball-milling medium and the formation of dehydrogenation zirconium powder, ball grinder is placed on rolling rods type ball mill, carry out ball milling, under 900r/min~980r/min revolution, Ball-milling Time is 10h~14h;
(5) the dehydrogenation zirconium powder after dehydrogenation ball milling is crossed to 400 mesh sieves, screenings washs 4 times~5 times by the deionized water of 80 ℃~100 ℃, puts into vacuum drying oven and dry 24h~32h at 60 ℃~80 ℃, obtains ultra-fine zirconium powder.
When step (1) is carried out mix, described sponge zirconium and the electrolysis zirconium gross mass of at every turn preparing burden is 10kg~16kg, and wherein, firearm sponge zirconium quality is 8kg~12kg, and electrolysis zirconium powder quality is 2kg~4kg.
During hydrogenation, first be evacuated to vacuum≤10Pa in hydrogenation reactor, pass into high-purity hydrogen, resistance wire is switched on, Current Control, at 10A~20A, will be heated to the compound of 300 ℃~400 ℃ ignite firearm sponge zirconium and electrolysis zirconiums, stops energising, insulation 2h~2.5h carries out hydrogenation to raw material zirconium, and in whole hydrogenation process, keeping hydrogenation reactor is normal pressure.
Described in step (2), the model of hydrogenation ball grinder is Φ 247 mm * 355mm, ball-milling medium is agate ball, and the addition of every tank zircoium hydride is 4.0kg~5.5kg, the addition 4.2kg~5.0kg of agate ball, under 900r/min~980r/min revolution, Ball-milling Time is 60h~120h.
Described in step (4), the model of ball grinder is Φ 280 mm * 335mm, and ball-milling medium is agate ball.
Firearm sponge zirconium described in step (1) and the total feeding quantity of electrolysis zirconium account for 2/3 of charge crucible total measurement (volume).
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Take firearm sponge zirconium and electrolysis zirconium is raw material, and raw material is easy to get, and effectively guarantees the index of product; By the strict control of each production process technological parameter, avoid occurring spontaneous combustion and explosion phenomenon, make whole technical process more stable; Adopt the dehydrogenation of gradient type temperature, can effectively control vacuum in stove, prevent the too high material oxidation causing of vacuum, and make dehydrogenation more thorough, stable; In product, the zirconium powder of granularity≤10 μ m accounts for more than 81%, can meet technical indicator and the application requirements of ultra-fine zirconium powder.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1)10kg sponge zirconium (total zirconium content be greater than 99.4%) and 2kg electrolysis zirconium powder (always zirconium content is greater than 99%) are packed in the charge crucible of hydrogenation reactor (feeding quantity account for charge crucible total measurement (volume) 2/3), pumping high vacuum, when vacuum≤10Pa, close vacuum system valve, pass into high-purity hydrogen, resistance wire energising, Current Control 10A, the compound of 300 ℃ of ignite firearm sponge zirconium and electrolysis zirconiums will be heated to, stop energising, insulation 2.5h carries out hydrogenation to raw material zirconium, and in whole hydrogenation process, keeping hydrogenation reactor is normal pressure, obtains zircoium hydride;
(2) 4.0kg zircoium hydride is put into the ball grinder that 4.2kg agate ball is housed, the model of ball grinder is that Φ 247 mm * 355mm, internal layer substrate are zirconium lining, in ball grinder, be filled with deionized water, deionized water addition exceeds the charge level 100mm of ball-milling medium and zircoium hydride formation, ball grinder is placed on rolling rods type ball mill, ball milling 120h under 900r/min revolution, makes granularity≤400 order of zircoium hydride;
(3) zircoium hydride after fragmentation is put into vacuum drying oven and dry 32h at 60 ℃, pack in dehydrogenation furnace, zircoium hydride charge is 5kg/ stove, first temperature is risen to 590 ℃ of insulation 30min, again temperature is risen to 640 ℃ of insulation 60min, then temperature is risen to 690 ℃ of insulation 30min, finally temperature is risen to 740 ℃ of insulation 30min, continue to be warming up to 780 ℃, in stove, vacuum reaches after 4Pa, close heating power supply, water drenches cooling, after cooling 5h, comes out of the stove;
(4) the 5.0kg dehydrogenation zirconium powder after dehydrogenation is put into the ball grinder that 5.0 kg agate balls are housed, the model of described ball grinder is that Φ 280 mm * 335mm, internal layer substrate are zirconium lining, in ball grinder, be filled with deionized water, deionized water addition exceeds the charge level 100mm of ball-milling medium and the formation of dehydrogenation zirconium powder, ball grinder is placed on rolling rods type ball mill to ball milling 14h under 900r/min revolution;
(5) the dehydrogenation zirconium powder after dehydrogenation ball milling is crossed to 400 mesh sieves, screenings washs 4 times by the deionized water of 80 ℃~100 ℃, puts into vacuum drying oven and dry 32h at 60 ℃, obtains ultra-fine zirconium powder.。After testing, the zirconium content 90.8% of living in ultra-fine zirconium powder, granularity≤10 μ accounts for 81%.
Embodiment 2
(1) 8kg sponge zirconium (total zirconium content be greater than 99.4%) and 2kg electrolysis zirconium powder (always zirconium content is greater than 99%) are packed in the charge crucible of hydrogenation reactor (feeding quantity account for charge crucible total measurement (volume) 2/3), pumping high vacuum, when vacuum≤10Pa, close vacuum system valve, pass into high-purity hydrogen, resistance wire energising, Current Control 20A, the compound of 400 ℃ of ignite firearm sponge zirconium and electrolysis zirconiums will be heated to, stop energising, insulation 2h carries out hydrogenation to raw material zirconium, and in whole hydrogenation process, keeping hydrogenation reactor is normal pressure, obtains zircoium hydride;
(2) 5.5kg zircoium hydride is put into the ball grinder that 5.0kg agate ball is housed, the model of ball grinder is that Φ 247 mm * 355mm, internal layer substrate are zirconium lining, in ball grinder, be filled with deionized water, deionized water addition exceeds the charge level 200mm of ball-milling medium and zircoium hydride formation, ball grinder is placed on rolling rods type ball mill, ball milling 60h under 980r/min revolution, makes granularity≤400 order of zircoium hydride;
(3) zircoium hydride after fragmentation is put into vacuum drying oven and dry 24h at 80 ℃, pack in dehydrogenation furnace, zircoium hydride charge is 8kg/ stove, first temperature is risen to 600 ℃ of insulation 25min, again temperature is risen to 650 ℃ of insulation 50min, then temperature is risen to 700 ℃ of insulation 25min, finally temperature is risen to 750 ℃ of insulation 25min, continue to be warming up to 900 ℃, until vacuum reaches after 4Pa in stove, close heating power supply, water drenches cooling, after cooling 4h, comes out of the stove;
(4) the 8.0kg dehydrogenation zirconium powder after dehydrogenation is put into the ball grinder that 6.0kg agate ball is housed, the model of described ball grinder is that Φ 280 mm * 335mm, internal layer substrate are zirconium lining, in ball grinder, be filled with deionized water, deionized water addition exceeds the charge level 200mm of ball-milling medium and the formation of dehydrogenation zirconium powder, ball grinder is placed on rolling rods type ball mill to ball milling 10h under 980r/min revolution;
(5) the dehydrogenation zirconium powder after dehydrogenation ball milling is crossed to 400 mesh sieves, screenings washs 5 times by the deionized water of 80 ℃~100 ℃, puts into vacuum drying oven and dry 24h at 80 ℃, obtains ultra-fine zirconium powder.After testing, the zirconium content 87.6% of living in ultra-fine zirconium powder, granularity≤10 μ accounts for 92%.
Embodiment 3
(1) 12kg sponge zirconium (total zirconium content be greater than 99.4%) and 4kg electrolysis zirconium powder (always zirconium content is greater than 99%) are packed in the charge crucible of hydrogenation reactor (feeding quantity account for charge crucible total measurement (volume) 2/3), pumping high vacuum, when vacuum≤10Pa, close vacuum system valve, pass into high-purity hydrogen, resistance wire energising, Current Control 15A, the compound of 360 ℃ of ignite firearm sponge zirconium and electrolysis zirconiums will be heated to, stop energising, insulation 2.2h carries out hydrogenation to raw material zirconium, and in whole hydrogenation process, keeping hydrogenation reactor is normal pressure, obtains zircoium hydride;
(2) 5.0kg zircoium hydride is put into the ball grinder that 4.5kg agate ball is housed, the model of ball grinder is that Φ 247 mm * 355mm, internal layer substrate are zirconium lining, in ball grinder, be filled with deionized water, deionized water addition exceeds the charge level 150mm of ball-milling medium and zircoium hydride formation, ball grinder is placed on rolling rods type ball mill, ball milling 100h under 940r/min revolution, makes granularity≤400 order of zircoium hydride;
(3) zircoium hydride after fragmentation is put into vacuum drying oven and dry 28h at 70 ℃, pack in dehydrogenation furnace, zircoium hydride charge is 7kg/ stove, first temperature is risen to 592 ℃ of insulation 28min, again temperature is risen to 645 ℃ of insulation 55min, then temperature is risen to 692 ℃ of insulation 28min, finally temperature is risen to 745 ℃ of insulation 28min, continue to be warming up to 790 ℃, until vacuum reaches after 4Pa in stove, close heating power supply, water drenches cooling, after cooling 4.5h, comes out of the stove;
(4) the 6.0kg dehydrogenation zirconium powder after dehydrogenation is put into the ball grinder that 5.5kg agate ball is housed, the model of described ball grinder is that Φ 280 mm * 335mm, internal layer substrate are zirconium lining, in ball grinder, be filled with deionized water, deionized water addition exceeds the charge level 150mm of ball-milling medium and the formation of dehydrogenation zirconium powder, ball grinder is placed on rolling rods type ball mill to ball milling 12h under 950r/min revolution;
(5) the dehydrogenation zirconium powder after dehydrogenation ball milling is crossed to 400 mesh sieves, screenings washs 5 times by the deionized water of 80 ℃~100 ℃, puts into vacuum drying oven and dry 30h at 70 ℃, obtains ultra-fine zirconium powder.After testing, the zirconium content 85.4% of living in ultra-fine zirconium powder, granularity≤10 μ accounts for 88%.

Claims (6)

1. a production method for ultra-fine zirconium powder, is characterized in that: concrete steps are as follows:
(1) take firearm sponge zirconium and electrolysis zirconium as raw material zirconium carries out mix and joins in the charge crucible of hydrogenation reactor, after raw material zirconium is ignited, carry out hydrogenation, obtain zircoium hydride;
(2) zircoium hydride is put into the ball grinder that ball-milling medium is housed, the internal layer substrate of described ball grinder is zirconium lining, in ball grinder, be filled with deionized water, deionized water addition exceeds the charge level 100mm~200mm of ball-milling medium and zircoium hydride formation, ball grinder is placed on rolling rods type ball mill, carries out granularity≤400 order that ball milling makes zircoium hydride;
(3) zircoium hydride after fragmentation is put into vacuum drying oven and dried 24h~32h at 60 ℃~80 ℃, pack in dehydrogenation furnace, zircoium hydride charge is 5kg/ stove~8kg/ stove, first temperature is risen to 590 ℃~600 ℃ insulation 25min~30min, again temperature is risen to 640 ℃~650 ℃ insulation 50min~60min, then temperature is risen to 690 ℃~700 ℃ insulation 25min~30min, finally temperature is risen to 740 ℃~750 ℃ insulation 25min~30min, continue to be warming up to 780 ℃~900 ℃, until vacuum reaches after 4Pa in stove, close heating power supply, water drenches cooling, after cooling 4h~5h, come out of the stove,
(4) the dehydrogenation zirconium powder after dehydrogenation is put into the ball grinder that ball-milling medium is housed, the internal layer substrate of described ball grinder is zirconium lining, the addition of each ball grinder dehydrogenation zirconium powder is 5.0kg~8.0kg, the addition of ball-milling medium is 5.0 kg~6.0kg, in ball grinder, be filled with deionized water, deionized water addition exceeds the charge level 100mm~200mm of ball-milling medium and the formation of dehydrogenation zirconium powder, ball grinder is placed on rolling rods type ball mill, carry out ball milling, under 900r/min~980r/min revolution, Ball-milling Time is 10h~14h;
(5) the dehydrogenation zirconium powder after dehydrogenation ball milling is crossed to 400 mesh sieves, screenings washs 4 times~5 times by the deionized water of 80 ℃~100 ℃, puts into vacuum drying oven and dry 24h~32h at 60 ℃~80 ℃, obtains ultra-fine zirconium powder.
2. the production method of ultra-fine zirconium powder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when step (1) is carried out mix, described sponge zirconium and the electrolysis zirconium gross mass of at every turn preparing burden is 10kg~16kg, wherein, firearm sponge zirconium quality is 8kg~12kg, and electrolysis zirconium powder quality is 2kg~4kg.
3. the production method of ultra-fine zirconium powder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: during hydrogenation, first be evacuated to vacuum≤10Pa in hydrogenation reactor, pass into high-purity hydrogen, by resistance wire energising, Current Control is at 10A~20A, be heated to the compound of 300 ℃~400 ℃ ignite firearm sponge zirconium and electrolysis zirconiums, stop energising, insulation 2h~2.5h carries out hydrogenation to raw material zirconium, and in whole hydrogenation process, keeping hydrogenation reactor is normal pressure.
4. the production method of ultra-fine zirconium powder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in step (2), the model of hydrogenation ball grinder is Φ 247 mm * 355mm, ball-milling medium is agate ball, the addition of every tank zircoium hydride is 4.0kg~5.5kg, addition 4.2kg~the 5.0kg of agate ball, under 900r/min~980r/min revolution, Ball-milling Time is 60h~120h.
5. the production method of ultra-fine zirconium powder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in step (4), the model of ball grinder is Φ 280 mm * 335mm, and ball-milling medium is agate ball.
6. the production method of ultra-fine zirconium powder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: firearm sponge zirconium described in step (1) and the total feeding quantity of electrolysis zirconium account for 2/3 of charge crucible total measurement (volume).
CN201410342222.1A 2014-07-18 2014-07-18 A kind of production method of ultra fine Zr powder Active CN104107917B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106735254A (en) * 2016-12-28 2017-05-31 宁夏东方钽业股份有限公司 A kind of metal dust and its preparation method and application
CN108213452A (en) * 2018-01-12 2018-06-29 锦州市金属材料研究所 The production method of electric igniter superfine metal zirconium powder
CN113909479A (en) * 2021-10-14 2022-01-11 江苏智仁景行新材料研究院有限公司 Preparation method of superfine spherical zirconium powder capable of realizing particle size classification

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1579680A (en) * 2003-07-30 2005-02-16 北京有色金属研究总院 Technical method for preparing nano-level zirconium metal powder
CN102001626A (en) * 2010-11-16 2011-04-06 上海大学 Method and device for preparing superfine zirconium hydride powder by continuous dynamic hydrogenation method
CN203509038U (en) * 2013-09-22 2014-04-02 彭志明 Device capable of unceasingly producing zirconium powder

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1579680A (en) * 2003-07-30 2005-02-16 北京有色金属研究总院 Technical method for preparing nano-level zirconium metal powder
CN102001626A (en) * 2010-11-16 2011-04-06 上海大学 Method and device for preparing superfine zirconium hydride powder by continuous dynamic hydrogenation method
CN203509038U (en) * 2013-09-22 2014-04-02 彭志明 Device capable of unceasingly producing zirconium powder

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106735254A (en) * 2016-12-28 2017-05-31 宁夏东方钽业股份有限公司 A kind of metal dust and its preparation method and application
CN106735254B (en) * 2016-12-28 2019-08-16 宁夏东方钽业股份有限公司 A kind of metal powder and its preparation method and application
CN108213452A (en) * 2018-01-12 2018-06-29 锦州市金属材料研究所 The production method of electric igniter superfine metal zirconium powder
CN113909479A (en) * 2021-10-14 2022-01-11 江苏智仁景行新材料研究院有限公司 Preparation method of superfine spherical zirconium powder capable of realizing particle size classification

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