CN104100980B - A kind of small-sized rubbish charing combustion furnace - Google Patents
A kind of small-sized rubbish charing combustion furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN104100980B CN104100980B CN201410305784.9A CN201410305784A CN104100980B CN 104100980 B CN104100980 B CN 104100980B CN 201410305784 A CN201410305784 A CN 201410305784A CN 104100980 B CN104100980 B CN 104100980B
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 135
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 117
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 9
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000519996 Teucrium chamaedrys Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001925 catabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009275 open burning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000012629 purifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of small-sized rubbish charing combustion furnace.Comprise rubbish sealing charging, charing cylinder; Vaporizer; Air-cooled furnace grate and external combustion chamber.Rubbish pushes charing cylinder through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, and charing of being heated in charing cylinder, has bottom bottom charing cylinder, rubbish feed in raw material the pressure of cutting somebody's hair enough large time push charing cylinder bottom open, make rubbish charcoal enter vaporizer and gasify, vaporizer and external combustion chamber are communicated by air-cooled furnace grate.Volatile matter, combustible gas and the charcoal that do not gasified proceed to external combustion chamber via air-cooled furnace grate to carry out burning and produces flue gas, after the rubbish of flue gas in heating charing cylinder, by filter, leaves burner hearth and enters flue gas cleaner.Cold wind sends into exterior combustion chamber by air-cooled furnace grate.Rubbish removes thick stone or fragment of brick before feeding intake, to avoid the blocking to air-cooled furnace grate.This device achieves the burning of rubbish substep, can avoid the generation of bioxin.And mechanism is simple and easy to safeguard, meet villages and small towns rubbish and remote ground garbage disposal requirement maintenance requirement simple, easy and simple to handle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to refuse disposal and resource field.Particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of small-sized rubbish charing combustion furnace.
Background technology
The domestic rubbish disposal of waste treatment facility small-sized at present as corresponding island, small towns one-level rarely has reasonable, economic processing mode.The such as rubbish of small towns one-level has centralized collection, is transported to process at county level; Or landfill; And the house refuse that island produces is more difficult, packing transhipment not only brings burden to location, also brings other problem.Small towns garbage loading embeading, by contaminated land and water source, destroys the ecological environment that rural area is day by day fragile.And small-sized waste incineration due to pollutant catabolic gene cost high, and in rural area, these places lacking attendant may can not run continuously, also brings more serious pollution hidden trouble.For realizing the economy of villages and small towns rubbish, clean disposal, avoid garbage loading embeading to cause soil, rural and pollution of waterhead, the processing cost also avoiding long transportation range to increase and unsafe factor, the task of the environmental protection of building that exploitation is applicable to " beautiful rural area ", economic, practical type small-sized rubbish treating apparatus is urgent.
Rubbish charing burning is disposed and is applicable to the process of small-sized rubbish, and compared with directly burning, burning elongation is thermal decomposition flow process and gas combustion two sections by pyrolysis, and in addition gas cleaning, process is cleaned, meets small-sized, innoxious requirement.Can also hot water be reclaimed where necessary, or directly reclaim combustion gas utilization.
In the past few decades, China has dropped into a large amount of technical forces and has developed large-scale urban domestic garbage incinerator, city garbage burning is widely used, but the gas cleaning that large-scale city garbage incinerator is corresponding and flying dust disposal system somewhat expensive, not only shared ratio between investments is large, and this expense of shared operation is higher, relies on higher disposal expense and generate electricity and subsidize to realize economic equilibrium, the large-scale incineration technology improper villages and small towns refuse disposal of this quasi-tradition.
In addition, in small towns because attendant is few, and the scientific and technological level of attendant is limited, the waste treatment facility that certain operations requirement is high, program is complicated, be difficult to safeguard or needs are often safeguarded is inapplicable, and needs small-sized rubbish treatment facility that is simple and easy, non-maintaining and economic and practical, environmental protection.
For this reason, the present invention is according to small towns rubbish and the feature as island garbage disposal from far-off regions, the simple and easy rubbish charing combustion furnace safeguarding series is provided, realizes 0.5 ~ 10t/d(and adapt to 500-10000 people) environmental protection of the small towns house refuse of scale and island rubbish, cleanly to dispose.Except house refuse, this small-sized charing combustion furnace is also applicable to stalk, industrial refuse.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of small-sized rubbish charing incinerator, be applicable to the cleaning of rubbish on a small scale, compared with directly burning, incineration firing is divided into carbonization and gas combustion two sections by the present invention, and gas cleaning in addition, make small-sized garbage disposal can meet innoxious and requirement that is that clean, and there is the advantage of easy care.
The small-sized rubbish charing incinerator that the present invention proposes, described charing combustion furnace comprises rubbish storage tank 1, has the charing cylinder 7 of steam vent, vaporizer 9, air-cooled furnace grate 11, external combustion chamber 12, outer burner hearth 18 and flue gas cleaner 21, wherein:
Charing cylinder 7, vaporizer 9, steam bottle 6 and outer burner hearth 18 is provided with in described charing combustion furnace; Charing combustion furnace top is provided with rubbish storage tank 1, and bottom and periphery are provided with external combustion chamber 12; Being provided with in rubbish storage tank 1 feeds in raw material cuts somebody's hair 3; Charing cylinder 7 top being positioned at flue gas cleaner 21 is provided with steam bottle 6, and charing cylinder 7 top connects rubbish storage tank 1 discharging opening, and the lower cover of charing cylinder 7 in vaporizer 9, and has steam vent 15, connects external combustion chamber 12 bottom vaporizer 9 by air-cooled furnace grate 11; Described steam bottle 6 is by steam row's mouth 4 and steam pipe 5 Bonding pressure tandem-driving bogie 17, and described vaporizer 9 side, by steam pipe 5 Bonding pressure tandem-driving bogie 17, is collected steam by steam bottle 6 and lead to vaporizer 9 after pressure balance case 17; Side, described outer burner hearth 18 top is provided with Pressure gauge 20, and described outer burner hearth 18 also connects flue gas cleaner 21 by pipeline;
House refuse in rubbish storage tank 1,3 push in charing cylinder 7 through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, being heated in charing cylinder 7 carbonizes, and the volatile matter of generation and charcoal are reformed at vaporizer 9 and gasify, proceed to external combustion chamber 12 via air-cooled furnace grate 11 to burn, play steady combustion effect simultaneously; Leave burner hearth after the rubbish of the flue gas produced outside in burner hearth 18 in heating charing cylinder 7, enter flue gas cleaner 21;
Described external combustion chamber 12 is provided with hot wind inlet 16, and further, described hot wind inlet 16 is tangential entries, and hot blast is existed
external combustion chambereddy flow is presented in 12.
In the present invention, described rubbish storage tank 1 is airtight, avoids foul smell to escape.
In the present invention, the rubbish in rubbish storage tank 1 is cut somebody's hair by reinforced identical with charing cylinder section configuration in end and 3 to be pushed by rubbish and carbonize cylinder 7.
In the present invention, the section of described charing cylinder 7 is circular or rectangle, and quantity is one or more; When garbage treatment quantity is greater than 2 tons/day, the rectangle of described charing cylinder 7 section to be an edge lengths be another side length more than 3 times, quantity is 1 or multiple; When garbage treatment quantity is less than 2 tons/day, described charing cylinder 7 section is circular, and quantity is 1.
In the present invention, the bottom of described charing cylinder 7 is provided with bottom 8, reinforced cut somebody's hair 3 thrust enough large time push open, non-reinforced period bottom 8 automatically closes under the effect of control device 22.
In the present invention, described vaporizer 9 top is pyramid type, bottom is column type, and connect circular air-cooled furnace grate 11 bottom column type, air-cooled furnace grate has for 11 times feet 23 to stand in external combustion chamber 12.
In the present invention, described vaporizer 9 is rectangular configuration, connects the air-cooled furnace grate 11 of rectangle bottom rectangle wall, and air-cooled furnace grate has for 11 times feet 23 to stand in external combustion chamber 12.
In the present invention, described vaporizer 9 and described external combustion chamber 12 are respectively equipped with upper furnace door 10 and ash outlet 13, to be raked off large slag by upper furnace door 10; Tiny lime-ash even charcoal is discharged by ash outlet 13.
In the present invention, described outer burner hearth 18 upper pressure maintains-30Pa ~-100Pa.Further, one deck filter 19 can be added on the top of external combustion chamber 18, with equalizing pressure and filtering gas.
In the present invention, the top of burner hearth 18 arranges water-cooled coil pipe 24, to reclaim hot water.
In the present invention, the bottom surrounding of air-cooled furnace grate 11 arranges the outer defeated utilization of combustion gas suction pipe 28 recovery section combustion gas 27.
The usefulness adopting small-sized rubbish provided by the present invention to carbonize combustion furnace is:
1) after realizing utilizing rubbish to carbonize in midget plant, fugitive constituent burning and coke gasification burning replace traditional solid directly to burn, and ensure that the feature of environmental protection of small-sized rubbish treating apparatus;
2) utilize air-cooled furnace grate 11 to provide hot blast needed for burning and cooling and protection fire grate, can adapt to small-sized process stove extremely expediently may the feature of discontinuous operation;
3) be provided with gland 2 at rubbish storage tank 1, and be provided with steam fairlead 5 and tandem-driving bogie 17, when avoiding running, foul smell is excessive; Cut somebody's hair by reinforced identical with charing cylinder section configuration in end and 3 rubbish pushed carbonize cylinder 7, when backing down the bottom 8 of charing cylinder 7, reinforced 3 stopping actions of cutting somebody's hair, all these all can be realized by mechanism easy and simple to handle, make maintenance simple and easy, facilitate;
4) following features that charing combustion stove of the present invention is standby can ensure the process of small-sized rubbish clean burning:
Adopt charing combustion type, allow rubbish after experience charing, generate fugitive constituent burning, part charcoal is by steam gasification after-combustion, and what burn in external combustion chamber 12 is gas and charcoal, and steady fuel efficiency fruit is played in the burning of charcoal, ensures stable operation, cleans more than traditional burning;
Adopt the hot-air burning after preheating, in prioritization scheme, hot wind inlet 16 is connected into external combustion chamber 12 with tangential form, not only makes the flying dust in combustion-gas flow separated, and gas residence time is extended; Air-flow is flow backwards by air-cooled furnace grate 11 and enters external combustion chamber 12, and then upwards flow, such eddy flow hot blast and turning back of air-flow combine, and achieve combustible component at the comparatively long residence time of high-temperature region with burn thoroughly; Avoid the generation of bioxin;
Make rubbish reclaimed by thermogenetic water vapour 4 to react again and the charcoal that gasifies, not only economize energy for vaporizer 9 and fugitive constituent, and improve burning, and avoid the discharge of foul smell.
The charcoal produced according to the feature of rubbish and local conditions of demand, can fall at external combustion chamber 12 base burning or directly discharges with the form of charcoal.When there is a huge sum of money and belonging in rubbish, discharge the harmfulness that can alleviate heavy metal with the form of charcoal, because the heavy metal be contained in charcoal is difficult to leach.And most of heavy metal can evaporate in flue gas by existing incineration technology;
5) small-sized charing combustion furnace of the present invention can also realize the energy of rubbish: when the calorific value of rubbish is enough high, and the bottom surrounding of air-cooled furnace grate 11 arranges the outer defeated utilization of combustion gas suction pipe 28 recovery section combustion gas 27.
6) measure that the simplification that charing combustion furnace of the present invention is extra is safeguarded has:
A reinforced charing cylinder 7 that () vertically declines, avoids card and blocks up; Be better than the blanking device of other form;
B opening of () bottom 8 relies on simple machinery, avoid fault;
(c) vaporizer 9 He
external combustion chambersimple refractory brick is relied on to separate between 12; Durable in use;
(d)utilize air-cooled stove reclaim heat and protect fire grate 11, simple, fault rate is few;
(e)upper furnace door 10 is set at vaporizer, clears up large slag, avoid fire grate plugging fault;
7) optimally, the present invention can add one deck filter 19 on the top of external combustion chamber 12, use high-temperature acidic gas purifying agent particle filtering, the flue gas that burning is produced down except sour gas in higher temperature conditions, add that particle is filtered simultaneously, also avoid the possibility producing bioxin in follow-up flue gas cooling procedure further.The pressure in burner hearth 18 can also be balanced simultaneously.
For this reason, small-sized charing combustion chamber of the present invention can be applicable to small towns and outlying district garbage disposal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circular vaporizer of employing of simple and easy maintenance and the rubbish charing combustion furnace schematic diagram of fire grate;
Fig. 2 is the employing rectangle vaporizer of simple and easy maintenance and the rubbish charing combustion furnace schematic diagram of fire grate;
Fig. 3 is the structural diagrams of circular vaporizer and fire grate;
Fig. 4 is the structural diagrams of rectangle vaporizer and fire grate;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the rubbish charing combustion furnace of simple and easy maintenance has surplus heat when reclaiming;
Fig. 6 is the rubbish charing combustion furnace employing rectangle vaporizer that has combustion gas to draw of simple and easy maintenance and the structural diagrams of fire grate;
Fig. 7 is the rubbish charing combustion furnace employing rectangle vaporizer that has combustion gas to draw of simple and easy maintenance and the schematic diagram of fire grate;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram adopting the rubbish of rectangle vaporizer and fire grate charing combustion furnace to have surplus heat when reclaiming;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram adopting the rubbish of rectangle vaporizer and fire grate charing combustion furnace to have combustion gas to draw;
Figure 10 is the structural diagrams of the rubbish charing combustion furnace employing rectangle vaporizer that has combustion gas to draw and fire grate;
Number in the figure: 1 rubbish storage tank; 2 glands; 3 feed in raw material cuts somebody's hair; 4 steam row mouths; 5 steam pipes; 6 steam bottles; 7 charing cylinders; The bottom of 8 charing cylinders; 9 vaporizers; 10 upper furnace doors; 11 air-cooled furnace grate; 12 external combustion chambers; 13 ash outlets; 14 cold wind; 15 steam vents; 16 hot wind inlet; 17 pressure balance cases; 18 outer burner hearths, 19 filters; 20 Pressure gauges; 21 flue gas cleaners; 22 control device; 23 legs; 24 water-cooled coil pipes; 25 cold water; 26 hot water; 27 combustible gases are drawn; 28 combustion gas suction pipes.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further illustrated below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in the figure, described charing combustion furnace, by rubbish storage tank 1, has the charing cylinder 7 of steam vent; Vaporizer 9; Air-cooled furnace grate 11; External combustion chamber 12; The annex composition that the critical pieces such as outer burner hearth 18, flue gas cleaner 21 and guarantee critical piece normally run.
Operation principle is: the rubbish in rubbish storage tank 1,3 push in charing cylinder 7 through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, be heated in charing cylinder 7 and carbonize, the lower cover of charing cylinder 7 is in vaporizer 9, and have steam vent 15, the volatile matter produced and charcoal are reformed and gasify in vaporizer 9, and proceed to external combustion chamber 12 via air-cooled furnace grate 11 and burn, charcoal plays steady combustion effect simultaneously in external combustion chamber; Leave burner hearth after the rubbish of the flue gas produced outside in burner hearth 18 in heating charing cylinder 7, enter smoke eliminator 21.
In optimizing operation scheme, hot wind inlet 16 is tangential entries, and hot blast exists
external combustion chamberpresent eddy flow in 12 and make flue gas at high-temperature region extended residence time.
The airtight foul smell of avoiding of described rubbish storage tank 1 escapes, and this storage tank 1 can store the rubbish charing quantity combusted of 3 ~ 4h; Rubbish 3 pushes charing cylinder 7 downwards by certain frequency by reinforced cutting somebody's hair.
Optimally, the rubbish in rubbish storage tank 1 is cut somebody's hair by reinforced identical with charing cylinder section configuration in end and 3 to be pushed by rubbish and carbonize cylinder 7, when backing down the bottom 8 of charing cylinder 7, and 3 stopping actions of cutting somebody's hair of feeding in raw material.
The section of described charing cylinder 7 is circular or rectangle, and quantity is one or more.
Optimally, when garbage treatment quantity is greater than 2 tons/day, the rectangle of the section of charing cylinder to be an edge lengths be another side length more than 3 times, quantity is 1 or multiple.
Optimally, when garbage treatment quantity is less than 2 tons/day, section is circular, and quantity is 1.
Described charing cylinder 7, it connects with rubbish storage tank 1 part, has water vapor hole, collects steam lead to vaporizer 9 by steam bottle 6 after pressure balance case 17.
Bottom 8 is arranged at the bottom of described charing cylinder 7, reinforced cut somebody's hair 3 thrust enough large time push open, non-reinforced period bottom 8 automatically closes under the effect of control device 22.
Described vaporizer 9 top is pyramid type, bottom is column type, and connect circular air-cooled furnace grate 11 bottom column type, air-cooled furnace grate has for 11 times feet 23 to stand in external combustion chamber 12.Or described vaporizer 9 is rectangle (containing square) bodies, and connect the air-cooled furnace grate 11 of rectangle bottom rectangle wall, air-cooled furnace grate has for 11 times feet 23 to stand in external combustion chamber 12.
Described vaporizer 9 and described external combustion chamber 12 are respectively equipped with upper furnace door 10 and ash outlet 13, to be raked off large slag by upper furnace door 10; Tiny lime-ash even charcoal is discharged by ash outlet 13.
Described burner hearth 18 top maintains the pressure of-30Pa ~-100Pa by air-introduced machine.
In optimizing operation scheme, described outer burner hearth 18 is provided with filter with equalizing pressure and filter acid gases on top; There is the lime of shaped granule shape in filter, at high temperature to absorb the sour gas in flue gas, avoid the synthesis of dioxin in flue gas cooling procedure.
By said apparatus for the treatment of certain small towns rubbish, certain small towns garbage collecting and transferring amount is 580kg every day, moisture 48%, and the average Lower heat value of rubbish is 6300KJ/kg, does not have landfill place, to the transportation range at county town more than 50km.Adopt this house refuse to carbonize combustion furnace to process, rubbish chooses battery, fluorescent tube, vial, the stone of large-size and fragment of brick etc. in advance.The volume of rubbish storage tank 1 is 200L, can hold house refuse 100kg, the diameter 300mm of charing cylinder 7, height 0.8m.Rubbish 3 pushes in charing cylinder 7 through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, and being heated in charing cylinder 7 carbonizes, and the lower cover of charing cylinder 7 discharges volatile matter in steam vent 15 partly vaporizer 9 in,
vaporizer 9in be reformed and gasify, proceed to external combustion chamber 12 via air-cooled furnace grate 11 and burn; Simultaneously reinforced cut somebody's hair 3 reinforced time, bottom 8 is opened, and charcoal drops bottom fire grate 11 and external combustion chamber, and the charcoal on air-cooled furnace grate 11 is vaporized, and the charcoal bottom external combustion chamber 12 then burns, and plays steady combustion effect simultaneously.Vaporizer 9 connects column type for pyramid type, and air-cooled furnace grate 11 is also circular.Hot wind inlet 16 enters with tangential gas flow
external combustion chamberin 12, present eddy flow and flue gas is existed
high-temperature regionextended residence time.The water vapour of discharging from steam bottle 6 sends into vaporizer 9 after pressure balance case 17; As the charcoal on gasifying agent gasification air-cooled furnace grate 11.
By after the lime filter purification part sour gas that is arranged on burner hearth 2/3 At The Height after the rubbish of the flue gas produced outside in burner hearth 18 in heating charing cylinder 7, leave outer burner hearth 18.Outer burner hearth 18 top negative pressure is set to-100Pa; Flue gas enters smoke eliminator 21.Smoke eliminator 21 for there being the container of three layers of lime filter, with the Ca (OH) being shaped to cylindrical particles shape
2, at the Ca (OH) of preparation cylindrical particles shape
2time, the soda modified lime method given by patent CN02151026 can be adopted to prepare.Flue gas after final purification is discharged by air-introduced machine.
After testing, the flue gas of discharge meets the requirement of GB GB18485-2014.This rubbish charing combustion furnace only needs 1 people to look after.
Embodiment 2
The garbage collecting and transferring amount on certain island is 4580kg every day, moisture 45%, and the average Lower heat value of rubbish is 6500KJ/kg, does not have landfill place, to the transportation range of nearby urban more than 60km.Adopt this house refuse to carbonize combustion furnace to process, rubbish chooses battery, fluorescent tube, vial, the stone of large-size and fragment of brick etc. by cylinder screen device and magnetic separation in advance.The volume of rubbish storage tank 1 is 1.3m
3, can hold house refuse 580kg, charing cylinder is of a size of 0.28m × 1.1m × 1.3m.Rubbish 3 pushes in charing cylinder 7 through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, be heated in charing cylinder 7 and carbonize, discharge volatile matter in the steam vent 15 of lower cover part in vaporizer 9 of charing cylinder 7, be reformed in vaporizer 9 and gasify, proceeding to external combustion chamber 12 via air-cooled furnace grate 11 and burn; Simultaneously reinforced cut somebody's hair 3 reinforced time, bottom 8 is opened, and charcoal drops bottom fire grate 11 and external combustion chamber, and the charcoal on air-cooled furnace grate 11 is vaporized, and the charcoal bottom external combustion chamber 12 then burns, and plays steady combustion effect simultaneously.The section of vaporizer 9 is square, and air-cooled furnace grate 11 is also square.Hot wind inlet 16 enters with tangential gas flow
external combustion chamberin 12, present eddy flow and flue gas is existed
high-temperature regionextended residence time.The water vapour of discharging from steam bottle 6 sends into vaporizer 9 after pressure balance case 17; As the charcoal on gasifying agent gasification air-cooled furnace grate 11.
By after the lime filter purification part sour gas that is arranged on burner hearth 2/3 At The Height after the rubbish of the flue gas produced outside in burner hearth 18 in heating charing cylinder 7, enter outer burner hearth 18 top, outer burner hearth 18 top is provided with water-cooled coil pipe 24 and produces the outer defeated utilization of hot water 26, and top negative pressure is set to-60Pa; Flue gas enters smoke eliminator 21 from top.Smoke eliminator 21 is water film dedusting smoke washer, adopts Na
2cO
3solution spraying, solution circulation uses, and sediment is regularly discharged.
After testing, the flue gas of discharge meets the requirement of GB GB18485-2014.This rubbish charing combustion furnace itself runs and only needs 1 people to look after.
Embodiment 3
The garbage collecting and transferring amount in certain small towns is 2080kg every day, moisture 45%, and the average Lower heat value of rubbish is 6500KJ/kg, does not have landfill place, to the transportation range of nearby urban more than 60km.There is unnecessary stalk 2500kg in this small towns simultaneously, is discarded in field open burning.Adopt this rubbish to carbonize combustion furnace to process, rubbish chooses battery, fluorescent tube, vial, the stone of large-size and fragment of brick etc. by cylinder screen device and magnetic separation in advance.Crushed stalk presses thick block.Adopt charing combustion furnace Treating straw of the present invention and rubbish, after the rubbish that is disposed every day, namely start Treating straw.The volume of rubbish storage tank 1 is 1.3m
3, can house refuse 580kg be held, or stalk block 550kg, charing cylinder is of a size of 0.28m × 1.1m × 1.3m.Rubbish or the thick block of stalk 3 push in charing cylinder 7 through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, be heated in charing cylinder 7 and carbonize, discharge volatile matter in the steam vent 15 of lower cover part in vaporizer 9 of charing cylinder 7, be reformed in vaporizer 9 and gasify, proceeding to external combustion chamber 12 via air-cooled furnace grate 11 and burn; Simultaneously reinforced cut somebody's hair 3 reinforced time, bottom 8 is opened, and charcoal drops bottom fire grate 11 and external combustion chamber, and the charcoal on air-cooled furnace grate 11 is vaporized, and the charcoal bottom external combustion chamber 12 then burns, and plays steady combustion effect simultaneously.The section of vaporizer 9 is square, and air-cooled furnace grate 11 is also square.Hot wind inlet 16 enters with the air-flow that tiles
external combustion chamberin 12, present tiling stream and stop air turbulence.The water vapour of discharging from steam bottle 6 sends into vaporizer 9 after pressure balance case 17; As the charcoal on gasifying agent gasification air-cooled furnace grate 11.Have combustion gas suction pipe 28 in the lower disposed of air-cooled furnace grate 11, by Some gases draw, and the combustion gas 27 of output is purified this town of rear feeding cultivation factory do fuel, this fuel gases calorific value is at 6-8.5MJ/Nm after testing
3between.
When straw charring burns, lime-ash is raked off separately and is sent into farmland.When rubbish charing burning, lime-ash is raked off separately and is sent brick field.
By after the lime filter purification part sour gas that is arranged on burner hearth 2/3 At The Height after the rubbish of the flue gas produced outside in burner hearth 18 in heating charing cylinder 7, enter outer burner hearth 18 top, outer burner hearth 18 top negative pressure is set to-60Pa; Flue gas enters smoke eliminator 21 from top.Smoke eliminator 21 is flue gas sieve plate washer, adopts Ca (OH)
2solution spraying, solution circulation uses, and sediment is regularly discharged.
After testing, the flue gas of discharge meets the requirement of GB GB18485-2014.This rubbish charing combustion furnace itself runs and only needs 1 people to look after.
Embodiment 4
The garbage collecting and transferring amount at certain county town is every day 9.8 tons, moisture 51%, and the average Lower heat value of rubbish is 6050KJ/kg, does not have landfill place, to the incineration plant transportation range of nearby urban more than 100km.Adopt this house refuse to carbonize combustion furnace to process, rubbish chooses battery, fluorescent tube, vial, the stone of large-size and fragment of brick etc. by cylinder screen device and magnetic separation in advance; And it is broken by garbage rough to arrange 1, pulverizer.The volume of rubbish storage tank 1 is 2.5m
3, can hold house refuse 1.2 tons, charing cylinder is of a size of 0.25m × 1.6m × 2.0m.Rubbish 3 pushes in charing cylinder 7 through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, be heated in charing cylinder 7 and carbonize, discharge volatile matter in the steam vent 15 of lower cover part in vaporizer 9 of charing cylinder 7, be reformed in vaporizer 9 and gasify, proceeding to external combustion chamber 12 via air-cooled furnace grate 11 and burn; Simultaneously reinforced cut somebody's hair 3 reinforced time, bottom 8 is opened, and charcoal drops bottom fire grate 11 and external combustion chamber, and the charcoal on air-cooled furnace grate 11 is vaporized, and the charcoal bottom external combustion chamber 12 then burns, and plays steady combustion effect simultaneously.The rectangle of the section of vaporizer 9 to be an edge lengths be another side 2.2 times, air-cooled furnace grate 11 is also rectangle.Hot wind inlet 16 enters with tangential gas flow
external combustion chamberin 12, present eddy flow and flue gas is existed
high-temperature regionextended residence time.When refuse thermal value is higher, the water vapour of discharging from steam bottle 6 sends into vaporizer 9 after pressure balance case 17; As the charcoal on gasifying agent gasification air-cooled furnace grate 11.
By after the lime filter purification part sour gas that is arranged on burner hearth 2/3 At The Height after the rubbish of the flue gas produced outside in burner hearth 18 in heating charing cylinder 7, enter outer burner hearth 18 top, outer burner hearth 18 top is provided with water-cooled coil pipe and produces hot water, through sofening treatment before cold water enters, the hot water of generation is as the use of bathroom thermal source.Top negative pressure is set to-30Pa; Flue gas enters smoke eliminator 21 from top.Smoke eliminator 21 is water film dedusting smoke washer, adopts Na
2cO
3solution spraying, solution circulation uses, and sediment is regularly discharged.
After testing, the flue gas of discharge meets the requirement of GB GB18485-2014.This rubbish charing combustion furnace itself runs 1 class only needs 1 people to look after.
Embodiment 5
Certain small towns garbage collecting and transferring amount is 1990kg every day, moisture 50%, and the average Lower heat value of rubbish is 6100KJ/kg, does not have landfill place, to the transportation range at county town more than 50km.Adopt this house refuse to carbonize combustion furnace to process, rubbish chooses battery, fluorescent tube, vial, the stone of large-size and fragment of brick etc. in advance.The volume of rubbish storage tank 1 is 500L, house refuse 250kg can be held, the diameter 300mm of charing cylinder 7, height 1.2m, if parallel 2, rubbish 3 can be pushed 2 by displacement and carbonizes in cylinders by reinforced cutting somebody's hair respectively, be heated in charing cylinder 7 and carbonize, the bottom of 2 charing cylinders all covers on vaporizer 9 inside, has steam vent 15, discharges volatile matter and exists
vaporizer 9in be reformed and gasify, proceed to external combustion chamber 12 via air-cooled furnace grate 11 and burn; Simultaneously reinforced cut somebody's hair 3 reinforced time, bottom 8 is opened, and charcoal drops bottom fire grate 11 and external combustion chamber, and the charcoal on air-cooled furnace grate 11 is vaporized, and the charcoal bottom external combustion chamber 12 then burns, and plays steady combustion effect simultaneously.The section of vaporizer 9 is rectangle, and air-cooled furnace grate 11 is also rectangle.Hot wind inlet 16 enters with tangential gas flow
external combustion chamberin 12, present eddy flow and flue gas is existed
high-temperature regionextended residence time.When refuse thermal value is higher, the water vapour of discharging from steam bottle 6 sends into vaporizer 9 after pressure balance case 17; As the charcoal on gasifying agent gasification air-cooled furnace grate.
By after the lime filter purification part sour gas that is arranged on burner hearth 2/3 At The Height after the rubbish of the flue gas produced outside in burner hearth 18 in heating charing cylinder 7, leave outer burner hearth 18, outer burner hearth 18 top negative pressure is set to-80Pa; Flue gas enters smoke eliminator 21.Smoke eliminator 21 is for there being three layers of NaHCO
3the container of filter, by NaHCO
3prior and clay mixed-forming is columned particle.Flue gas after final purification is discharged by air-introduced machine.
After testing, the flue gas of discharge meets the requirement of GB GB18485-2014.This rubbish charing combustion furnace only needs 1 people to look after.
Embodiment 6
The generation of certain paper mill rubbish is every day 9.9 tons, moisture 44%, and the average Lower heat value of rubbish is 7050KJ/kg, does not have landfill place, needs a large sum of disposal costs to the incineration plant transportation range of nearby urban more than 50km.Adopt small-sized rubbish of the present invention to carbonize combustion furnace to process, rubbish chooses glass, the stone of large-size and fragment of brick etc. by cylinder screen device and magnetic separation in advance.The volume of rubbish storage tank 1 is 2.5m
3, can hold 1.2 tons, rubbish, charing cylinder is of a size of 0.25m × 1.6m × 2.0m.Rubbish 3 pushes in charing cylinder 7 through reinforced cutting somebody's hair, be heated in charing cylinder 7 and carbonize, discharge volatile matter in the steam vent 15 of lower cover part in vaporizer 9 of charing cylinder 7, be reformed in vaporizer 9 and gasify, proceeding to external combustion chamber 12 via air-cooled furnace grate 11 and burn; Simultaneously reinforced cut somebody's hair 3 reinforced time, bottom 8 is opened, and charcoal drops bottom fire grate 11 and external combustion chamber, and the charcoal on air-cooled furnace grate 11 is vaporized, and the charcoal bottom external combustion chamber 12 then burns, and plays steady combustion effect simultaneously.The rectangle of the section of vaporizer 9 to be an edge lengths be another side 2.2 times, air-cooled furnace grate 11 is also rectangle.Hot wind inlet 16 enters with tangential gas flow
external combustion chamberin 12, present eddy flow and flue gas is existed
high-temperature regionextended residence time.The water vapour of discharging from steam bottle 6 sends into vaporizer 9 after pressure balance case 17; As gasifying agent gasification air-cooled furnace grate 11 on charcoal and fugitive constituent is reformed.
There is combustion gas suction pipe 28 in the lower disposed of air-cooled furnace grate 11, Some gases is drawn, and the combustion gas 27 of output is sent in the boiler in paper mill burns, save boiler oil.
By after the lime filter purification part sour gas that is arranged on burner hearth 2/3 At The Height after the rubbish of the flue gas that the fuel gas buring of not drawing produces outside in burner hearth 18 in heating charing cylinder 7, enter outer burner hearth 18 top, outer burner hearth 18 top negative pressure is set to-50Pa; Flue gas enters smoke eliminator 21 from top.Smoke eliminator 21 is water film dedusting smoke washer, adopts Na
2cO
3solution spraying, solution circulation uses, and sediment is regularly discharged.
After testing, the flue gas of discharge meets the requirement of GB GB18485-2014.This rubbish charing combustion furnace itself runs 1 class only needs 1 people to look after.
Above embodiment illustrate the present invention's adoptable Implementation Modes in actual applications.But the garbage processing procedure that the present invention is burnt after comprising any charing again.Essential benefit of the present invention is that rubbish burns in advance after pyrolysis charring again, and uses air-cooled furnace grate to be turned back by fugitive constituent, avoids the generation of bioxin.
Claims (11)
1. a small-sized house refuse charing combustion furnace, it is characterized in that: described charing combustion furnace comprises the rubbish storage tank (1) of rubbish sealing charging, the charing cylinder (7) having steam vent, vaporizer (9), air-cooled furnace grate (11), external combustion chamber (12), outer burner hearth (18) and flue gas cleaner (21), wherein:
Charing cylinder (7), vaporizer (9), steam bottle (6) and outer burner hearth (18) is provided with in described charing combustion furnace; Charing combustion furnace top is provided with rubbish storage tank (1), and bottom and periphery are provided with external combustion chamber (12); Being provided with in rubbish storage tank (1) feeds in raw material cuts somebody's hair (3); Charing cylinder (7) top being positioned at outer burner hearth (18) is provided with steam bottle (6), charing cylinder (7) top connects rubbish storage tank (1) discharging opening, the lower cover of charing cylinder (7) is in vaporizer (9), and having steam vent (15), vaporizer (9) bottom connects external combustion chamber (12) by air-cooled furnace grate (11); Described steam bottle (6) arranges mouth (4) and steam pipe (5) Bonding pressure tandem-driving bogie (17) by steam, described vaporizer (9) side, by steam pipe (5) Bonding pressure tandem-driving bogie (17), is collected steam by steam bottle (6) and lead to vaporizer (9) after pressure balance case (17); Described outer burner hearth (18) side, top is provided with Pressure gauge (20), and described outer burner hearth (18) also connects flue gas cleaner (21) by pipeline;
Rubbish in rubbish storage tank (1), push in charing cylinder (7) through reinforced cut somebody's hair (3), be heated in charing cylinder (7) and carbonize, the volatile matter produced and charcoal are reformed at vaporizer (9) and gasify, proceed to external combustion chamber (12) via air-cooled furnace grate (11) to burn, play steady combustion effect simultaneously; The flue gas the produced middle heating of burner hearth (18) outside leaves burner hearth after carbonizing the rubbish in cylinder (7), enters flue gas cleaner (21);
Described external combustion chamber (12) is provided with hot wind inlet (16).
2. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that described hot wind inlet (16) is tangential entry, makes hot blast present eddy flow in external combustion chamber (12).
3. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that described rubbish storage tank (1) is airtight, avoids foul smell to escape.
4. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that rubbish to be pushed by reinforced cut somebody's hair (3) identical with charing cylinder section configuration, end by rubbish in rubbish storage tank (1) and carbonizes cylinder (7).
5. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the section of described charing cylinder (7) is for circular or rectangle, quantity is one or more; When garbage treatment quantity is greater than 2 tons/day, the rectangle of described charing cylinder (7) section to be an edge lengths be another side length more than 3 times, quantity is 1 or multiple; When garbage treatment quantity is less than 2 tons/day, described charing cylinder (7) section is circular, and quantity is 1.
6. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the bottom of described charing cylinder (7) is provided with bottom (8), push open when the thrust of reinforced cut somebody's hair (3) is enough large, non-reinforced period bottom (8) is automatically closed under the effect of control device (22).
7. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described vaporizer (9) top is pyramid type, bottom is column type, connect circular air-cooled furnace grate (11) bottom column type, under air-cooled furnace grate (11), have feet (23) to stand in external combustion chamber (12).
8. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described vaporizer (9) is rectangular configuration, connect the air-cooled furnace grate (11) of rectangle bottom rectangle wall, under air-cooled furnace grate (11), have feet (23) to stand in external combustion chamber (12).
9. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that described outer burner hearth (18) upper pressure maintains-30Pa ~-100Pa.
10. charing combustion furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that the top of outer burner hearth (18) arranges water-cooled coil pipe (24), to reclaim hot water.
11. charing combustion furnaces according to claim 1, is characterized in that the bottom surrounding of air-cooled furnace grate (11) arranges combustion gas suction pipe (28) recovery section combustion gas (27) defeated utilization outward.
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| CN201410305784.9A CN104100980B (en) | 2014-07-01 | 2014-07-01 | A kind of small-sized rubbish charing combustion furnace |
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| CN105381495A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-03-09 | 江声 | Vacuum carbide furnace |
| CN108662588A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-10-16 | 庞礴 | Domestic garbage gasification burns integrated incinerator |
| CN111334333A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-26 | 北京鼎勝投资管理有限公司 | Method for heating treatment in gasification furnace |
| CN111473333A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-31 | 北京鼎勝投资管理有限公司 | Novel garbage purification treatment method |
| TWI844213B (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2024-06-01 | 李季砡 | Chimneyless incineration equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS51117706A (en) * | 1975-04-10 | 1976-10-16 | Hitachi Plant Eng & Constr Co Ltd | Dry distillation furnace for solid waste |
| JP3468925B2 (en) * | 1995-08-02 | 2003-11-25 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Waste incineration equipment |
| US20020007772A1 (en) * | 1995-10-13 | 2002-01-24 | N. V. Kema | Method and installation for recovering energy from biomass and waste |
| CN100380049C (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2008-04-09 | 宜昌市九天环保科技有限公司 | Incinerator for medical garbage |
| DE102006021624B4 (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2011-06-22 | Artmann, Michael, 93185 | Apparatus and method for producing pressurized hot gas |
| US20100285413A1 (en) * | 2009-05-06 | 2010-11-11 | General Vortex Energy, Inc. | Apparatus and Methods For Providing Uniformly Volume Distributed Combustion of Fuel |
| CN202246074U (en) * | 2011-09-19 | 2012-05-30 | 山东科技大学 | Carbonization furnace for activated coke production |
| CN102641880A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-08-22 | 罗江平 | Harmless gasification treating process for medical waste |
| CN102963890B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-04-01 | 北京国电富通科技发展有限责任公司 | Carbonization activation integrated furnace |
| CN103663896A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-03-26 | 同济大学 | Method and device for stabilizing heavy metal through pyrolysis of sludge |
| CN203586222U (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-05-07 | 广东昕旺环保科技发展有限公司 | Vertical-shaft compound type waste pyrolysis gasification and melting incinerator |
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