CN104092388A - Synchronous rectifying BOOST circuit with reverse current prevention - Google Patents
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synchronous rectifying BOOST circuit with reverse current prevention. The synchronous rectifying BOOST circuit comprises a bootstrap power supplying circuit formed by a diode D1 and a capacitor C1. When a main switch tube Q1 is turned on, an auxiliary power supply VCC can charge the C1 through the D1, and accordingly power can be supplied for a reverse current detection circuit and a control driving circuit. A current detecting resistor R1 and a voltage comparer U1 can form the reverse current detection circuit. When forward current of the R1 is close to zero or negative current, the U1 can send out low electric level to an AND gate U2 after comparison. The AND gate U2 can control a synchronous rectifying tube Q2 to drive the circuit. When a PWM generator sends high electric level to the Q2, the high electric level firstly passes through the AND gate U2. If zero current or negative current compared and sent out by the U1 is detected, the U2 sends out the low electric level, and the Q2 is turned off. By means of the three parts, the problem of a reverse current of the synchronous rectifying tube of the BOOST circuit can be solved. The synchronous rectifying BOOST circuit with the reverse current prevention is reasonable in design, simple in structure, good in reliability, safe, capable of saving energy and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power supply switch technology field, especially relate to a kind of synchronous rectification BOOST circuit that carries reverse-filling protection.
Background technology
BOOST boost converter application with synchronous rectification is very extensive, and main switch and synchronous rectifier are operated in complement mode, can obtain very high conversion efficiency; But this traditional way has individual defect, when transducer is operated in underloading or Light Condition, on synchronous rectifier, there will be negative current, although now output current is very little, but on inductance, main switch, synchronous rectifier, but there is larger electric current to flow through, make energy conversion repeatedly between input and output capacitors, although can not cause any impact to load as long as control is proper, but the electric current of iterative cycles but can increase loss in vain, even if make unloaded above-mentioned device still can consume many power consumptions; In addition, in some Special use occasions,, once output end voltage is too high by external force, will there is the phenomenon that output is poured in down a chimney to input in a plurality of synchronous BOOST transducer parallel operations or output while having storage battery for example, when serious, can damage front end power supply.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in BOOST circuit in synchronous rectification the source electrode of pipe seal in an inspection leakage resistance, with comparator, detect the forward and reverse of electric current, then control drive circuit, make to turn-off lock-in tube while even there is reverse current when synchronous rectifier forward current drops to 0; In above-mentioned comparator, synchronous rectification, manage simply boostrap circuit acquisition power supply of driving and control circuit, can effectively overcome above-mentioned defect, realization is closed synchronous rectification when tube current drops to zero in synchronous rectification when BOOST transducer underloading is worked automatically, need not control by external signal.It is reasonable in design, simple in structure, good reliability, energy-saving safe, with low cost, efficiently solves the deficiencies in the prior art.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of synchronous rectification BOOST circuit that carries reverse-filling protection, comprise PWM generator, main switch Q1, synchronous rectifier Q2, BOOST inductance L 1, input filter capacitor C2, output filter capacitor C3, is characterized in that: described synchronous rectifier Q2 has increased current detecting and decision circuitry and driving and control circuit, and the bootstrapping power supply circuits of powering to foregoing circuit; An output of described PWM generator is connected with an input of driving and control circuit, another output of PWM generator is connected with main switch Q1 grid by drive circuit, the output of described driving and control circuit is connected with the grid of synchronous rectifier Q2, described current detecting and decision circuitry are connected between synchronous rectifier Q2 and driving and control circuit, one end of described BOOST inductance L 1 is connected with power supply, the other end is connected with bootstrapping power supply circuits, and described bootstrapping power supply circuits are connected with the drain electrode of main switch Q1; Described input filter capacitor C2 positive pole is connected with power supply, and negative pole is connected with the source electrode of main switch Q1; Between described synchronous rectifier Q2, main switch Q1, be connected with current detecting and decision circuitry, described output filter capacitor C3 is in parallel with the series circuit that main switch Q1, current detecting and decision circuitry synchronous rectifier Q2 connect to form successively.
Above-mentioned synchronous rectification BOOST circuit, it is characterized in that, synchronous rectifier current detecting and decision circuitry comprise inspection leakage resistance R1 and the voltage comparator U1 that is connected on synchronous rectifier Q2 source electrode, and inspection leakage resistance R1 is connected across between two inputs of voltage comparator U1, wherein examine the termination voltage comparator U1 negative input that leakage resistance R1 is connected with synchronous rectifier Q2 source electrode, the output of described voltage comparator U1 is connected with another input of driving and control circuit.
Above-mentioned synchronous rectification BOOST circuit, is characterized in that, synchronous rectifier drives and control circuit comprises the drive circuit of being controlled by AND circuit.
Above-mentioned synchronous rectification BOOST circuit, is characterized in that, bootstrapping power supply circuits comprise bootstrap diode D1 and the bootstrap capacitor C1 connecting with bootstrap diode D1.
Above-mentioned synchronous rectification BOOST circuit, is characterized in that, described voltage comparator U1 negative input is connected with the source electrode of synchronous rectifier Q2, and voltage comparator U1 electrode input end is connected with the drain electrode of main switch Q1.
Above-mentioned synchronous rectification BOOST circuit, is characterized in that, described output filter capacitor C3 positive pole is connected with the drain electrode of synchronous rectifier Q2, and output filter capacitor C3 negative pole is connected with the source electrode of main switch Q1, and output filter capacitor C3 just very connects load end.
Above-mentioned synchronous rectification BOOST circuit, is characterized in that, the drive circuit that synchronous rectifier drives and control circuit is not limited to be controlled by AND circuit.
Adopted technique scheme, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention can effectively reduce the transition loss of synchronous boost transducer when underloading, raising efficiency;
2, the present invention can effectively prevent that BOOST converter circuit output from pouring in down a chimney the electric current of input; in some occasion; in the situation of output other power supply in parallel or storage battery; prevent that electric current from pouring in down a chimney; can effectively protect front end power supply, especially when front end power supply is when being fuel cell etc. to the power supply of reverse current sensitivity.
In sum, the present invention can effectively overcome BOOST converter circuit output the electric current of input is poured in down a chimney to defect, realization is closed synchronous rectification when tube current drops to zero in synchronous rectification when BOOST transducer underloading is worked automatically, need not control by external signal.It is reasonable in design, simple in structure, good reliability, energy-saving safe, with low cost, efficiently solves the deficiencies in the prior art.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is synchronous rectification BOOST circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is conventional synchronous BOOST commutator principle figure;
Fig. 3 is synchronous rectifier current waveform comparison diagram;
Fig. 4 is the application example figure of current detecting and decision circuitry;
Fig. 5 is the application example figure with the synchronous rectification tube drive circuit of control circuit;
Fig. 6 is the application example figure of bootstrapping power supply circuits.
Wherein: 1, PWM generator; 2, driving and control circuit;
Bootstrapping power supply circuits; 4, current detecting and decision circuitry.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of synchronous rectification BOOST circuit that carries reverse-filling protection, comprise PWM generator 1, main switch Q1, synchronous rectifier Q2, BOOST inductance L 1, input filter capacitor C2, output filter capacitor C3, is characterized in that: described synchronous rectifier Q2 has increased current detecting and decision circuitry 4 and driving and control circuit 2, and the bootstrapping power supply circuits 3 of powering to foregoing circuit; An output of described PWM generator 1 is connected with an input of driving and control circuit 2, another output of PWM generator 1 is connected with main switch Q1 grid by drive circuit, the output of described driving and control circuit 2 is connected with the grid of synchronous rectifier Q2, described current detecting and decision circuitry 4 are connected between synchronous rectifier Q2 and driving and control circuit 2, one end of described BOOST inductance L 1 is connected with power supply, the other end is connected with bootstrapping power supply circuits 3, and described bootstrapping power supply circuits 3 are connected with the drain electrode of main switch Q1; Described input filter capacitor C2 positive pole is connected with power supply, and negative pole is connected with the source electrode of main switch Q1; Between described synchronous rectifier Q2, main switch Q1, be connected with current detecting and decision circuitry 4, described output filter capacitor C3 is in parallel with the series circuit that main switch Q1, current detecting and decision circuitry 4 synchronous rectifier Q2 connect to form successively.
In the present embodiment, synchronous rectifier current detecting and decision circuitry 4 comprise inspection leakage resistance R1 and the voltage comparator U1 that is connected on synchronous rectifier Q2 source electrode, and inspection leakage resistance R1 is connected across between two inputs of voltage comparator U1, wherein examine the termination voltage comparator U1 negative input that leakage resistance R1 is connected with synchronous rectifier Q2 source electrode, the output of described voltage comparator U1 is connected with another input of driving and control circuit 2.Inspection leakage resistance R1 is connected to the source electrode of synchronous rectifier Q2 but not the benefit of drain electrode is to make the voltage comparator U1 that judges the sense of current use bootstrapping power supply circuits 3 as power supply, and without provide again in addition with isolation compared with complex proprietary power supply; The voltage at inspection leakage resistance R1 two ends is sent into voltage comparator U1 and is judged, if forward current, voltage comparator U1 sends high level, if reverse current is sent low level.
Voltage comparator U1 input can add the misoperation of bias voltage to avoid device error to cause.As shown in Figure 4, be the application example of current detecting and decision circuitry.In this example, R1 selects 5m Ω inspection leakage resistance, U1 is used the high speed and precision voltage ratio of TI company compared with device, response time 10nS, input offset voltage 0.5mV, Ra and Rb provide a bias voltage, and when making the forward current of synchronous rectifier Q2 also not drop to 0 completely, comparator judges that electric current closes Q2 to 0 output low level, the effect of doing is like this to avoid the error of comparator U1 to cause erroneous judgement, also can prevent that near 0 circuit noise when from causing Q2 repeatedly to open and close; This bias voltage can be set by physical circuit, too lowly can not avoid erroneous judgement problem completely, the too high loss that can increase Q2, and by the parameter in Fig. 4, corresponding cut-off current is about 0.5A.
In the present embodiment, synchronous rectifier drives and control circuit 2 comprises the drive circuit of being controlled by AND circuit, U2 is double input end and door, when pwm signal is sent into high level, also must see whether the signal that voltage comparator U1 sends here is also high level, both just can send high level when high level, make MOSFET drive circuit drive synchronous rectifier Q2 conducting, when above-mentioned current direction detection electric circuit inspection arrives reverse current, AND circuit can output low level to drive circuit, guarantee that synchronous rectifier is in off state.But the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned adding with door, driving composition rectifying tube drives and the mode of control circuit.
As shown in Figure 5, be 3 application examples with the synchronous rectification tube drive circuit of control circuit:
In a, U2 has been used single 2 inputs and door 74AHC1G08, and mosfet driver is used TC4420;
In b, will drive chip to make the totem that a pair of NPN, PNP pipe forms into;
In c, omitted and door, used the driving chip FAN3122 with enable pin, when comparator output low level, will close FAN3122, exported low level all the time; Its effect with use identical with door+driving chip.
In the present embodiment, in bootstrapping power supply circuits, 3 comprise bootstrap diode D1 and the bootstrap capacitor C1 connecting with bootstrap diode D1, when main switch Q1 conducting, the lower end of C1 will be pulled down to 0 level thereupon, VCC (be generally+12V or+5V) charges to C1 by D1, the voltage that makes C1 is that VCCH is close to VCC, even main switch Q1 cut-off, C1 lower end level is raised, the electric energy of the upper storage of C1 still can be given current detecting and decision circuitry 4 and driving and control circuit 2 power supplies, and can by forms such as three-terminal voltage-stabilizings, provide many groups actual required supply power voltage again.
As shown in Figure 6, for bootstrapping power supply circuits 3 application example.At output voltage not in the application higher than 150V, bootstrap diode D1 can be used the Schottky diode of little electric current, in example, used the SB01-15C of withstand voltage 150V, 1 ceramic capacitor that uses 1UFX7R25V of capacitor C, if driven MOS FET is used the voltage of 10～12V in addition, and need to use+5V of logic chip can increase a 5V three-terminal voltage-stabilizing, as 78L05 or LM1117-5.0.
In the present embodiment, described voltage comparator U1 negative input is connected with the source electrode of synchronous rectifier Q2, and voltage comparator U1 electrode input end is connected with the drain electrode of main switch Q1.
In the present embodiment, described output filter capacitor C3 positive pole is connected with the drain electrode of synchronous rectifier Q2, and output filter capacitor C3 negative pole is connected with the source electrode of main switch Q1, and output filter capacitor C3 just very connects load end.
The whole process of work of the present invention is described below in conjunction with oscillogram Fig. 3.In Fig. 3, uppermost waveform is the current waveform of common synchronous rectification synchronous rectifier under full load conditions, and during Q1 conducting, supply voltage Vin directly calls in inductance L 1, electric current on L1 strengthens gradually, the energy of its storage increases thereupon, the now body diode of Q2 cut-off, and its electric current is 0; While instantly managing Q1 shutoff, the body diode that the energy of inductance just passes through Q2 is to output filter capacitor C3 and load discharge, and along with the release of energy, electric current progressively reduces, and sports 0 when next cycle Q1 conducting; Driving PWM waveform and the Q1 of Q2 is complete complementary, just in order to prevent that Q1, Q2 conducting simultaneously from causing short circuit meeting to leave Dead Time, be generally about tens nanoseconds, that is to say at Q1 and turn-off, the body diode of Q2 is by the almost while of electric current, Q2 becomes conducting and realizes synchronous rectification, and what make that the conduction loss of Q2 becomes is very low, raises the efficiency; We see inferior fully loaded in the situation that, Q1 blocking interval, Q2 has larger forward current to flow through all the time, for the present invention, due to electric current forward all the time, comparator is sent high level all the time, in full accord with the PWM input and output of door, so its operating state and common BOOST transducer are on all four;
But when being operated in light condition, state is just different.Waveform in the middle of Fig. 3 is the synchronous rectifier waveform of common BOOST transducer under underloading, because load is very little, electric current is also much smaller than upper figure, when Q1 turn-offs, Q2 occurs after forward current, drop to soon 0, now not yet conducting of Q1, and Q2 is still in conducting state, because the voltage on C3 is higher than input voltage vin, cause C3 by L1 to input capacitance C2 even front end input power charge, until Q2 cut-off, Q1 conducting, this reverse current just disappears, the early stage of Q1 conducting afterwards, the backward energy that L1 stores still charges to input capacitance, energy discharges rear input power and just again L1 is filled with to forward current, these electric electric currents of repeatedly resetting can cause the conducting resistance of Q1, Q2, the D.C. resistance of L1 and line resistance, the even loss on the ESR of C2, C3, and consumed energy, also can cause the harmful effect to input power to the charging of input in vain, if application the present invention, can address the above problem.
The nethermost waveform of Fig. 3 is the synchronous rectifier current waveform of the present invention under underloading, different with middle figure is, when synchronous rectifier forward current drops to 0, because current detection circuit detects and output low level, cause sending low level with door U2, closed Q2, the body diode of Q2 also ends, just there will not be reverse current, the phenomenon that there will not be output to pour in down a chimney to input.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned concrete execution mode, and those of ordinary skill in the art is from above-mentioned design, and without performing creative labour, all conversion of having done, within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. one kind carries the synchronous rectification BOOST circuit that reverse-filling is protected, comprise PWM generator (1), main switch Q1, synchronous rectifier Q2, BOOST inductance L 1, input filter capacitor C2, output filter capacitor C3, it is characterized in that: described synchronous rectifier Q2 has increased current detecting and decision circuitry (4) and driving and control circuit (2), and the bootstrapping power supply circuits (3) of powering to foregoing circuit, an output of described PWM generator (1) is connected with an input of driving and control circuit (2), another output of PWM generator (1) is connected with main switch Q1 grid by drive circuit, the output of described driving and control circuit (2) is connected with the grid of synchronous rectifier Q2, described current detecting and decision circuitry (4) are connected between synchronous rectifier Q2 and driving and control circuit (2), one end of described BOOST inductance L 1 is connected with power supply, the other end is connected with bootstrapping power supply circuits (3), described bootstrapping power supply circuits (3) are connected with the drain electrode of main switch Q1, described input filter capacitor C2 positive pole is connected with power supply, and negative pole is connected with the source electrode of main switch Q1, between described synchronous rectifier Q2, main switch Q1, be connected with current detecting and decision circuitry (4), described output filter capacitor C3 is in parallel with the series circuit that main switch Q1, current detecting and decision circuitry (4) synchronous rectifier Q2 connects to form successively.
2. synchronous rectification BOOST circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, synchronous rectifier current detecting and decision circuitry (4) comprise inspection leakage resistance R1 and the voltage comparator U1 that is connected on synchronous rectifier Q2 source electrode, and inspection leakage resistance R1 is connected across between two inputs of voltage comparator U1, wherein examine the termination voltage comparator U1 negative input that leakage resistance R1 is connected with synchronous rectifier Q2 source electrode, the output of described voltage comparator U1 is connected with another input of driving and control circuit (2).
3. synchronous rectification BOOST circuit according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, synchronous rectifier drives and control circuit (2) comprises the drive circuit of being controlled by AND circuit.
4. synchronous rectification BOOST circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in bootstrapping power supply circuits, (3) comprise bootstrap diode D1 and the bootstrap capacitor C1 connecting with bootstrap diode D1.
5. synchronous rectification BOOST circuit according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described voltage comparator U1 negative input is connected with the source electrode of synchronous rectifier Q2, and voltage comparator U1 electrode input end is connected with the drain electrode of main switch Q1.
6. synchronous rectification BOOST circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described output filter capacitor C3 positive pole is connected with the drain electrode of synchronous rectifier Q2, and output filter capacitor C3 negative pole is connected with the source electrode of main switch Q1, and output filter capacitor C3 just very connects load end.
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| CN201410270068.1A CN104092388A (en) | 2014-06-17 | 2014-06-17 | Synchronous rectifying BOOST circuit with reverse current prevention |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104377769A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-02-25 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Efficient storage battery charging control device for satellite |
| WO2016177118A1 (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2016-11-10 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | High and low side bootstrap driving control method and device |
| CN106533142A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-22 | 成都前锋电子仪器有限责任公司 | Anti-backflow circuit |
| CN108964459A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-07 | 深圳市雷能混合集成电路有限公司 | A kind of DC-DC booster circuit and control method |
| CN108988633A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-11 | 深圳市雷能混合集成电路有限公司 | A method of DC B oost circuit and counnter attack with synchronous rectification fill |
| CN109217241A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-15 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of device and method for preventing reverse current from leading to overshoot voltage |
| WO2019109361A1 (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-13 | 深圳市柔宇科技有限公司 | Charging circuit and electronic device |
| JP2019110486A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-07-04 | 富士電機株式会社 | Semiconductor device current detection circuit and current detection method |
| CN112838755A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-05-25 | 上海空间电源研究所 | An anti-current backflow circuit for buck converter |
| CN114362501A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-15 | 成都市易冲半导体有限公司 | Dynamic backflow prevention circuit for wireless charging synchronous rectifier bridge and working method thereof |
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| CN104377769A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-02-25 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Efficient storage battery charging control device for satellite |
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| CN106533142A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-22 | 成都前锋电子仪器有限责任公司 | Anti-backflow circuit |
| CN111386642A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2020-07-07 | 深圳市柔宇科技有限公司 | Charging circuit and electronic device |
| WO2019109361A1 (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-13 | 深圳市柔宇科技有限公司 | Charging circuit and electronic device |
| JP7087373B2 (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2022-06-21 | 富士電機株式会社 | Current detection circuit and current detection method for semiconductor devices |
| JP2019110486A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-07-04 | 富士電機株式会社 | Semiconductor device current detection circuit and current detection method |
| CN108988633A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-11 | 深圳市雷能混合集成电路有限公司 | A method of DC B oost circuit and counnter attack with synchronous rectification fill |
| CN108964459A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-07 | 深圳市雷能混合集成电路有限公司 | A kind of DC-DC booster circuit and control method |
| CN109217241A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-15 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of device and method for preventing reverse current from leading to overshoot voltage |
| CN112838755A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-05-25 | 上海空间电源研究所 | An anti-current backflow circuit for buck converter |
| CN112838755B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2022-04-08 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Current backflow prevention circuit for BUCK converter |
| CN114362501A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-15 | 成都市易冲半导体有限公司 | Dynamic backflow prevention circuit for wireless charging synchronous rectifier bridge and working method thereof |
| CN114362501B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-27 | 成都市易冲半导体有限公司 | Dynamic anti-backflow circuit for wireless charging synchronous rectifier bridge and working method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20141008 |